USA > Ohio > Marion County > The Farm journal illustrated directory of Marion County, Ohio : with a complete road map of the county, 1918-1923 > Part 14
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Another treatment which we have heard. recommended is to catch the dis- eased pig and dip his nose and mouth .: up to his eyes in chlora naptholeum with- out diluting it. This is certainly easily done and is highly. commended by the. person suggesting it.
BI.IND STAGGERS, INDIGESTION; SICK STOMACH, FOUNDER .- Causes, over-feed- ing, especially common with new corn; sour or decayed . food. Sudden warm sultry weather predisposes in highly fed hogs. Insufficient exercise is also a pre-
Symptoms .- Loss of appetite, bowels. constipated, or . maybe . diarrhoea. .. In some "severe cases blind staggers and great paleness of mouth and nose, cold- ness of surface of body : abdomen may. be distended and drum-like from con- tained gases.
Treatment .- Remove sick animals, pro- vide clean, dry, well ventilated quarters, with chance for exercise, and fresh earth and water. . If animal will eat, give light feed. Give charcoal in lump form. also mix soda bicarbonate in food at rate of two tablespoonfuls per day to each half-grown animal. It is rarely neces- sary to drench with medicine. If recov- ery begins, use care not to again feed too much.
.MILK FEVER occurs in soWE Immedi -: ately after farrowing or within the first few days afterwards. The symptoms are loss of milk, swollen, hard condition of painful on pressure.' Sow may not allow
Some. claim the disease . is caused by damp and filthy beds, others say it comes from a diseased. condition. of the sow, and still others claim it is caused by the . the milk glands, which are more or less little pigs fighting over the teats and wounding .each other. with their sharp .the pigs to suck; she may lie flat on her :122
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belly or stand up, and in extreme cases the sow has spells of delirium, in which she may destroy her young.
Cause .- Injudicious feeding, overfeed- ing on milk-producing foods. Do not feed sow quite full rations for few days just before and after farrowing.
Treatment .- Give sow plenty of cool clean water : bathe the swollen glands for half hour at a time with water as warm as she will bear. dry thoroughly . with soft cloth and give good dry pen. If bowels scem constipated give the sow internally one-half pint pure linseed oil. (Never use the boiled linseed oil used by painters; it is poisonous.) If the sow starts killing her young, or has no milk for them, it is best to take most of them, or all, away from her and feed by hand with spoon or ordinary rubber nipple and bottle. For this use one part bodled. water and three parts cow's milk. The pigs may be returned to the sow if her milk returns.
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ScOURS among pigs is another common and very troublesome though not dan- gerous disease. This disease is not con- fined to any particular season, but is more common in the wet, damp weather of April and early May than in other seasons of the year.
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As in thumps, remove the cause. This disease is almost invariably caused by some improper food eaten by the sow. A sour swill barrel is often the cause It should be borne in mind that pigs once affected will be more liable to a recur- rence of the disease than those never affected, and greater care should be used with them for some weeks till they fully recover. .
CONSTIPATION .- Cause, improper feed- ing. exclusive grain diet, lack of exer- cise. Not dangerous in itself, but fre- quently followed by prolapsus of the rec- tum, or what is commonly called piles. The constant straining causes this. The only remedy is laxative food and exer- cise. .. The protruding bowel must be washed clean as soon as seen and well covered with olive oil or lard. It. should then be returned by applying firm pres- sure with the hand, and when once in place should be retained by three or more stitches of waxed linen or heavy silk thread, passed from side to side through the margins of the opening. care being used to take a deep hold in the skin.
While this operation is being done the animal should be held by the hind legs by two assistants, thus elevating the hind
quarters. Allow stitches to remain two or three weeks.
RHEUMATISM .- A disease of the joints, manifested by pain, heat and lameness, with swelling of one or several joints. There may be high fever and loss of ap- petite. May be acute and rapid in its course, or slow, chronic and resulting in permanent enlargements of the bones of the legs, especially the knee and hock.
Causes .- Primarily deranged digestion, lack of exercise ; dampness and exposure to draughts of cold air also a cause. The tendency to rheumatism is heredi- tary in certain families of hogs.
Treatment .-- Endeavor to prevent by proper exercise, food and attention to surroundings. Do not breed rheumatic specimens even if fully recovered from lameness. In acute cases an adult hog should have twice or three times daily one drachm salicylate soda ..
ASTIIMA sometimes occurs in adult hiogs.
Symptoms .- Shortness of breath on lease exercise, noisy breathing, more or less intermittent. Do not breed; butcher early.
CONGESTION OF THE LUNGS sometimes occurs, the result of driving or chasing. May be rapidly fatal.
Symptoms. - . Sudden . shortness of breath and sudden great weakness. The hog is not adapted to rapid driving ; if it .must be driven at all, give plenty of : time.
PNEUMONIA (LUNG FEVER) may fol- low. congestion of the lungs; may be in- duced by crowding too many hogs to -. gether. when they heat and become moist, after which they are in poor con- dition to withstand cold.
Symptoms .- Loss of appetite, chills, short cough, quick breathing.
Treatment .- Separate sick at once from the drove: give dry quarters with abundance of dry bedding: tempt appe- tite with small quantities of varied food. Apply to sides of chest. enough to moisten the skin, twice daily, alcohol and turpentine equal parts: continue until · skin becomes somewhat tender.
TETANUS (LOCK-JAW) :- Caused by in- troduction into the system of the tetanus bacteria, which gains entrance through a wound.
Symptoms .- A stiffness of more or less the entire muscular system. gener- ally most marked in the jaws, which are greatly stiffened. Eating very slow, or entirely stopped : appetite not lost.
Treatment .- Some cases recover if
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The LaRue Bank Co. LARUE, OHIO
This bank is especially adapted to handling the accounts of farmers and village residents.
W'e endeavor to satisfy our patrons. This bank was established in 1902. Capital Stock and Surplus. $50.000.
The UHLER - PHILLIPS CO. Suits, Coats, Dry Goods, Rugs "The Busiest Store in Marion "
Corner Center and Prospect Streets,
MARION, OHIO
J. A. SCHROETER, Vice-Pres. THE SLANSER LUMBER & COAL CO. Phone 58
.J. A. SLANSER, Pres., Treas., & Gen. Mer:
L. G. JONES, Secretary
MARION OHIO
LAWRENCE FARMS W. R. LAWRENCE & SON, Props. BREEDERS OF PERCHERON HORSES
Growers of Fruits and Plants
Location-East Marion at the end of city car line. Give us a call or phone 2652 MARION, OHIO
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Horse Ailments . From the Biesle Hoper Bank.
The majority of horse ailments may be traced, directly or indirectly, to im- proper feeding and watering. careless management in the stable and in harness. A careless driver is a very frequent cause of loss.
There is no reason why a first-class team. six to eight years old, should not serve continuously and satisfactorily for a term of twelve to sixteen years, if ,
properly protected, ied and looked out for.
If, from improper care or feeding, or from. some unavoidable cause. your horse is out of condition. you should dose him with little medicine and much common sense.
The horse that allows himself to be caught lying down may be considered out of condition or. lacking . sufficient . nutritious food. A quart of linseed meal divided into three feeds and added to his grain daily will do him much good and help a quick shedding of the coat.
BLINDNESS .- Consult a skilled veteri- narian at once.
Bors .- The bot-fly resembles a honey- bee in size, and in late summer deposits eggs of a yellowish color on the hair of the horse's breast, legs, etc. In try- ing to bite at these eggs, the animal gets some of them in his mouth and throat. The eggs soon hatch and the larvæ attach themselves eventually to the called "bots." They remain in the stom- ach until the following spring. Of course, the presence of these pests causes more or less irritation, but, as a rule, no serious harm is done in ordinary instances. Contrary to popular belief. bots do not eat holes through a horse's stomach. 'We do not know of any treat- ment that will remove bots. Prevention should be the horse owner's main re- liance Kill the flies whenever pos- sible; hang pieces of red cloth from the halter throat-latch. so that the shaking of the head when a horse is in pasture may serve to frighten the flies away; and scrape off, from time. to time. any eggs which are found on the horse.
BROKEN-WIND .- See Heaves.
CAPPED HOCK .- May be reduced in the same manner as Wind Galls (which see).
CHOKING .- Horses that choke thrust out their heads, bend and stretch the neck, while there is a copious flow of saliva from the mouth. In some cases
there is distention of the gullet on the left side of the neck, if it has descended so far. If it be in the upper part of the gullet a man accustomed to giving balls may be able to reach it with his hand. Obstructions that have got lower down may be moved upward gently from the outside. Sometimes an obstruction is soft and may be crushed small enough for the animal to swallow it. A mass of meal or other impacted food is some- times removed by frequent drinks of water, and a drench of olive or cotton seed oil can do no harm. The plan of reaching a whip or heavy piece of rope down the gullet to push the substance into the stomach is risky, in the hands of one not accustomed to the anatomy of the horse.
CHOKING DISTEMPER. - This disease prevails at times in many parts of the country. It is sometimes called spinal . meningitis or putrid sore throat. The animal often falls down paralyzed, can- not arise, and if left prostrate is almost sure to die. He must be got upon his feet, and if he cannot stand must. be swung. A majority of cases are fatal. It is caused by some specific poison taken into the system with food or drink, mostly the former. Dirty . man- gers, rotting roots or meal, and mouldy hay, especially meadow hay, are usually the media by which the disease is . ac -;
lining of the stomach, and are then . quired. The moral is to have every-
thing sweet and clean that the animal eats and drinks, and have no decayed matter in the entry or in any other part of the barn. (See Distemper.)
COCKED ANKLE-See Knuckling.
COFFIN-JOINT LAMENESS. - Same as Navicular Disease (which see).
COLIC, SPASMODIC .- This begins sud- denly. The horse stamps impatiently. looks backward, soon paws, and then rolls. After an interval of case the pains return with increased . severity. Give chloral hydrate, one ounce, in half a pint of water as a drench; or ether and laudanum, two ounces each, in lin- seed oil, half a pint; or sulphuric ether and alcohol, two ounces of each in eight ounces of water. If nothing else is handy. give of whiskey half a pint in hot water. If not relieved in one hour repeat any of the doses prescribed. The body should be warmly clothed and sweating encouraged. Dip blankets in hot water containing a small quantity
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of turpentine, and hold them in place under the body with dry blankets, or rub the abdomen with stimulants - or mustard water. If cramp is due to irri- tation in the bowels, a cure is not com- plete until a physic of aloes, one ounce ; or linseed oil, oDe pint, is given. Soapy or salt water aids the cure when used as an injection.
COLIC. WIND .- Is caused by feeding after a long fasting, or when the animal is exhausted by driving. or by new grain or hay, too much grain fed. or by sour or indigestible food. The horse seems dull, paws, and the pains are continuous. The belly enlarges, and when struck in front of the baunches sounds like a drum. If not soon relieved, difficult breathing, sweating, staggering and death follow. Give alkalines to neutralize the gases formed. No simple remedy is better than common baking soda, two to' four ounces. If this fails, - give chloride of lime in half-ounce doses, or the same quantity of carbonate of am- monia dissolved and diluted with oil or milk, until relieved. Chloral hydrate is particularly useful in both wind and spasmodic colic. Horsemen would be wise to keep it ready for emergencies. Physic should be given in flatulent colic, and turpentine, one to two ounces, with linseed oil, eight ounces, frequently, to stimulate the motion of the bowels. Colic should not be neglected nor the patient left, until you are certain of cure or death.
COUGH .- If a horse coughs, dampen his hay, wet his mixed feed, keep him out of a draught; after exercise blanket him. (See Heaves.)
CRIBBING OR WIND-SUCKING .- "This is a bad habit, rather than a disease. The horse bites his manger or other con- venient object, sucks air and makes a peculiar grunting noise. Prevention aids a cure. Iron mangers and stable fittings are a great help: or box stalls containing no projecting wooden objects.
CURR-A curved, unnatural condition of the back part of the hock. Lameness, enlargement and more or less inflam- mation are symptoms. Liniments, iodine ointment. blisters, and, as a last resort, firing. are all recommended.
DISTEMPER .- Keep hot poultices of bread and milk or oil meal on the neck of horses with throat distemper : change them often. In severe cases, ruh the glands and muscles with spirits of tur- pentine and camphor. (See Choking Distemper.)
DYSENTERY .- If this trouble exists, place the horse in a dry, well-ventilated stable, rub the surface of the body fre- quently, and keep it and the legs warm with blankets and bandages. The food must be light and easy to digest, . the water pure and in small quantities. Give first, castor oil, one-half pint. and laudanum, two ounces. The strength must be kept up by milk punches, eggs, . beef tea, oatmeal gruel, etc.
EYE. - See Hooks, Pink-Eye and Blindness.
FARCY .- A form of glanders which at- tacks the skin. (Sce Glanders.)
FETLOCK .- If this be sprained and the injury slight, bandage and apply cold water frequently. Where the lameness is intense, and the swelling and heat. great, the leg should be kept in a con- stant stream of cold water. When the inflammation has been subdued, the joint should be blistered. (See Knuckling.)
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FITS .- See Staggers.
FOUNDER .- The front feet are usually affected, the delicate lamina being in- flamed. Acute founder, if not cured, de- velops into chronic founder, and no sure cure is known for the latter stage of the disease. The trouble may come from any one of several causes: Long or hard driving, hard pavements or roads, feeding or watering a horse while .he is exceedingly warm or tired, etc., etc. Lameness, pain and heat in the fore feet, are common symptoms. For an attack of this kind, the best things to do are. about as follows: Get the shoes off,. put the horse in his stall, and soak or pack his feet in cold water, moss, or whatever is handy; give a tablespoonful : of saltpeter as a drench three times a day; send for a veterinarian.
GALLS .- See Shoulder and Wind Galls.
GIDDINESS .- A horse which is fre- quently or occasionally overtaken with this trouble is dangerous to use. It is hard to cure. It indicates the need of moderate driving, especially in hot weather, and that a small amount of hay should be fed.
GLANDERS .- Whenever a horse is seen to bleed or emit offensive matter from the nostrils, glanders may be suspected. and home treatment should not be at- tempted. It may be a dangerous case, which is fatal alike to man and beast. A veterinary surgeon should be called.
GORGED STOMACH .- This results when a horse has been fed after a long fast. The small stomach of a horse is so dis-
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tended that it is unable to contract itself upon its contents. a motion which is necessary in digestion. The horse be- comes stupid, slight colicky symptoms are observed, and he carries his head low and extended. As he grows worse he paws, becomes delirious. is covered with cold sweat, trembles, slobbers. stag- gers and drops dead. Treatment is dif- ficult. A purgative of Barbadoes alocs. one ounce. should be given a: once. fol- lowed by Cayenne pepper. one-half ounce. or Jamaica ginger. one-half ounce. If the bowels can be stimm- ,ated to act. they will in a measure re- lieve the stomach. For this purpose, use turpentine. two ounces, and linseed oil. eight ounces.
GREASE HEEL .- See Scratches.
HEAVES .- A peculiar movement of the abdomen and flank. points to heaves; a cough usually accompanies it. There is no cure . for the established . disease. Careful dieting will relieve the distress, but this will appear as bad as ever when the stomach is overloaded. The best quality of food lessens heaves. Food that is too bulky and which lacks nutri- ment, has much to do with the disease. Feed affected animals only a small quantity of hay once a day, and in- variably water at least fifteen minutes before feeding, and never directly after meal. Work right after eating aggra; vates the symptoms. Carrots, potatoes or turnips, chopped or mixed with oats or corn, are a good diet. What bulky food is given should be in the evening. Medical treatment is worth less than dieting. A predisposition to the disease may be inherited.
HIDEBOUND .- A symptom, not a dis- case. The trouble comes because the horse is out of condition, or because he has worms. bad teeth, indigestion, or some chronic disease.
Hock .- See Capped Hock. etc.
affecting the horse's eye. A barbarous custom among cruel men is to forcibly destroy the membrane which keeps the eye free from foreign substances, but the cruelty does not accomplish the de- sired result, though it may injure or destroy the eye. The obstinacy of the membrane simply , shows something to be wrong in the anatomy of the horse. just as the tongue will indicate to the observing physician when the stomach of his subject is out of order. To cut or disturb the hooks in the eyes is as
absurd as to doctor the tongue instead of the stomach in the human case.
, INDIGESTION .- Some horses. although having a good appetite, remain gaunt and thin from indigestion. They should be given some strong purgative. like Ba:badoes aloes. combined with pow- dered ginger, one-half ounce; Glauber's sal:s. one-half pound. dissolved in a quart of water. When the intestines have been thoroughly cleaned by this process. give daily the following powder : S :: lphate of iron. three drachmis: sul- phate of soda. two ounces: nux vomica. tes grains : ginger. one-half ounce. This powder may be continued daily for a month. Give all the rock salt the ari- mal will lick.
ITCHING SKIN .- Wash the skin thor- oughly with carbolic soapsuds, and give the horse a half pound of Glauber's salts daily for a weck. Do not feed . him any grain but wheat, scalded bran. and . linseed meal, three quarts of the former and one quart of the latter. for two weeks. There will speedily come a change. Card him daily. Scald his oats and give him salt daily. Feed oats, bran and linseed after the two weeks and scald the whole mess. When horses are covered with bunches or lumps, their blood is out of. order. Give doses of `Glauber's salts daily and hot bran mashes. Give salts a half pound daily. A gill of raw linseed oil every day will be good, mixed with the bran.
KNUCKLING OR COCKED ' ANKLE-A condition of the fatlock joint which re- sembles partial dislocation. The trouble is not considered unsoundness, but it predisposes to stumbling. Foals are quite subject to it, and no treatment is necessary, as the legs straighten up naturally in a few weeks. It is caused in horses by heavy and fast work, and is produced sometimes by a disease of the suspensory ligament, or of the flexor tendons. This should be relieved by
Hooks .- There is a widespread de- lusion that hooks, so. called, is a disease , proper shocing ... The toe must be short- ened and the heels left high, or the shoe should be thin forward with thick heels or high calks.
LAMENESS .- May be due to founder, navicular disease, faulty shoeing, sprains, spavin. etc .. etc.
LAMINITIS OR FOUNDER .- See Founder.
LAMPAS. - Usually an imaginary trouble. Very rarely does the mem- brane directly beneath the upper front teeth congest and swell enough to in- terfere with feeding. When this trouble is feared there is no quicker nor surer
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cure than feeding a little corn in the ear. When biting off the kernels, the horse naturally compresses the mem- brane or forces it back. The burning of the lampas is cruel and unnecessary, and if the swelled parts are cut, the cut should not be deep, or danger will result.
LICE .- Remove these by rubbing the horse with a solution of sulphate of potassium, four ounces, and water, one gallon; or with strong tar water; or dust with Persian insect powder; or the skin may be sponged with benzine or quassia chip tea. Any of the applications must be repeated a week later to de- stroy the lice hatching in the interval. All blankets should be boiled, and the stalls painted with turpentine, and lit- tered with fresh pine sawdust.
LOCKJAW .- This is caused by cuts, nail in the hoof, etc. Nothing is so common from wounds in the feet and from docking. : The horse is unable to. open his jaws to the fullest extent, and mastication is impossible. Various muscles twitch, the head and tail are elevated and the nose protruded, and the anus is compressed. The animal swallows with difficulty; saliva flows from the mouth. Of course, in this dis- case the necessity of calling in a skilled veterinary surgeon is indicated.
MEGRIMS, -- See Giddiness .:
MENINGITIS, SPINAL. - See Choking Distemper.
OVERWORK, OVERHEATING, ETC .- An experienced horseman, if humane, will not push his horse beyond his strength ... An indiscreet . driver will .sometimes bring an animal to the verge of ex- ·tinction.' The symptoms are plain in the audible breathing, staggering gait, ex- hausted appearance and heaving flank. The girts must be removed and the face turned toward the wind, the animal being protected from the sun meantime. The head must be left free and the limbs and body well rubbed. The move- .
similar in symptom and demands similar :reatment, with the addition of throwing cold water over the animal, particularly wetting the head. and causing a current of air to pass over him that evaporation may take place.
PINK-EYE-A species of influenza which causes inflammation of the eye. It is contagious. Isolate the patient ; disinfect his old stall; blanket him and feed him warm mashes and laxative food; bathe the eyes occasionally with hot water. Boric acid (one dram di- luted with three ounces of water) makes an excellent solution for dropping into sore eyes, at intervals of three or four hours.
RING BONE-An osseous exudation or bony deposit at the crown of the hoof. When its presence is first detected the place should be severely blistered once or twice, or red iodide of mercury ap- plied. If this fail, firing with the hot iron in the hands of a competent surgeon . will be necessary.
ROARING .- A disease of the muscles of the larynx and a vocal cord. Causes a roaring or whistling sound when the horse is exercising. This trouble may come from straining the respiratory or- gans, it may be an after-effect of dis- . temper, or it may have been inherited. Treatment is of little benefit, although a . surgical operation sometimes brings relief.
SCRATCHES OR GREASE. HEEL .- This trouble is frequently the result of care- lessness in cleaning and ventilating the stable. Many a horse is ruined by al: lowing the legs to go dirty. It takes only a few minutes to wash them clean and rub them dry. If the skin begins to crack it must not be left or it will become almost incurable. The skin must be kept clean and soft. The disease may result from the condition of the blood, from unwholesome. fodder, or work in irritating mud or dust, espe- been brought :on by using caustic soap on : the legs, clipping the heels in winter time, by debilitating disease, etc. The first step in. a cure is to remove the cause, and if there is much local heat, administer a laxative, like a pound of Glauber's salts. Highly-fed animals should have their rations reduced, or replaced by bran mashes, flaxseed, fruits, roots. and other non-stimulating food. Bitter tonics are essential also, and may be continued six weeks to two months. If the skin is unbroken, bathe with
ment of the ribs should not be hindered . cially of a limestone character. It has in any way: A few swallows of cold water may be allowed, and, in hot weather, the mouth, forehead and face may be sponged with, it. When suf- ficiently revived, the horse should be slowly led to a comfortable box-stall and heavily blanketed, woolen bandages being wound about the legs as well. If the horse has fallen he must not be: allowed to lie until he voluntarily gets up, but must be propped up on his breast and not allowed to lie flat on his side. Heat exhaustion is somewhat
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