USA > Ohio > Tuscarawas County > The History of Tuscarawas County, Ohio > Part 54
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Besides the Moravians, the Methodist Episcopal is the only religious de- nomination that has an organized society within the township. The Mora- vians were first in the field, but itinerant and zealous Methodist preachers in a few years invaded the frontier settlements. preaching the Gospel at every opportunity. An account of the inroads which they made upon the Moravian membership is preserved by Rev. George (+. Muller, in the records of Beer. sheba Church. He says: " In July, 1809, a certain Mr. David Smith, with several of his children, four families, arrived here. and were for a time re- ceived in the houses of Brothers Jonathan Warner and Asa Walton. Being most of them zealous Methodists, they were very active in persuading others to join them. Here let it be noticed that already, the 15th of December, 1807, a Methodist minister, Rev. Watts, began preaching at Carr's, two miles below us (in Salem Township); after awhile, also, at Mr. Seward's, on Lewis Knaus' land (in Warwick Township), at Henry Davis' over the hill, and at Butt's, not far from New Philadelphia. Mr. Watts came regularly every three or four weeks for more than a year. After him came one Mr. Holmes for a short time, then a young man, Mr. West, twice. To this day, October 22, 1809, since Mr. West, no regular minister of the Methodists came to these places.
" It is further to be noticed that with my approbation Mr. Watts preached January 5, 1808, at brother Boaz Walton's house, and once more two weeks after; since which time, I having spoken with him, he never accepted of any invitation to preach in our settlement, and it is no more than just to say that in all respects he behaved like a true Christian, with candor and honesty, and his discourses, as well as his person, were generally approved. March 27, 1808, Mr. Watts came to our meetings. Some families of ours, viz., Nathan Warner's, Peter Warner's and Ezra Warner's, frequented the Methodist meet- ings more than ours, and already in the spring of 1808, four persons-Grace Warner, Annie Warner, Lydia and Ruth Warner-formally joined the Meth- odists, and thus excluded themselves from our society. But though Mr. Watts refused, Mr. Holmes and Mr. West kept meetings at Nathan Warner's and Peter Warner's, and since Mr. David Smith and his family arrived here, his son Arariah and others kept frequent meetings at Peter Warner's and Nathan Warner's. So much I thought necessary to relate of the origin and progress of Methodism in our settlement. In November, 1809, a Methodist minister- James Finley-was sent to preach in these parts. December 10, 1809, Peter Warner came and told me plainly that he intended to join the Methodists, to which I had no objection. December 11, being informed that Mr. Finley de- sired my attendance at his next meeting at Nathan Warner's, I sent him a let- ter [explaining] why I could not come, and an address intended to be read to bis hearers. He did so, and made suitable remarks thereto. The next day I went to Thomas Carr's, and assisted him in preaching, on his desire." The
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records further show that, under date of March, 1810, " last year Nathan Warner's children, Amasa, Nathan, Peter and Moses, joined the Methodists, and this year Lehah, Daniel and Peter Warner likewise joined. July 8, 1810, for several days the Methodists have had meetings three miles below, at Clark's place [ Salem Township]." This was the first camp meeting held in Tusca rawas County.
Of the Moravians at Gnadenhutten, Rev. James B. Finley, in his autobi. ography, says in his familiar, graphic style: "At this settlement I found the Rev. Mr. Mortimer, who had charge of the Indians, and the Rev. George God. frey Muller, who had charge of the whites in the Moravian reservation. Here I ventured to go and preach, and the Lord owned and blessed His word ; many were awakened and converted. I formed a class and appointed a leader. This rather displeased old Father Muller, and he wrote mne a letter, requesting me to leave the reservation, and not preach there any more. I sent him word
that I could not do that. * * I furthermore said if he could ascertain from the Lord that my field of labor did not include the reservation, then I would comply with his request and retire. The next week the old gentleman walked four miles to brother Carr's to meeting. I asked him to preach for us, which he did; and after meeting, at my request, he remained with us in class, where he received with all of us a powerful blessing. The whole class was in a flame of love and joy; and the old Moravian saint caught the fire and shouted as loud as any of us the praises of God."
In 1842, about fifteen Methodists including William Hamilton and wife, Archibald A. Hamilton and wife and James McCreary and wife met at the house of the first-named, one mile south of Gnadenhutten, and organized a class. For four years services were held in the barn and house of William Hamilton; then, in 1846, a frame church, 30x35, was erected nearly a mile farther south on Military Lot 4. The first ministers were Revs Robert Boyd and William Devinney; Revs. Devinney and Dudley served
the second year. A few members withdrew and formed the Cross-Roads class, in Warwick Township, about one and a half miles east of Gnadenhutten. Among them were James McCreary, Robert Ricketts and wife and James B. Cresap. The Hamilton congregation removed to the village of Gnadenhutten in 1860 and erected a frame house of worship, 40x50 feet, at an expense of nearly $2,000. With repairs, it has since served as the meeting house. About 1867 the Cross-Roads class re-united with this congregation. The present membership is about seventy. Rev. John Beetham is pastor in charge.
In the southwestern part of the township, on the south line of Section 18, is an old Methodist meeting-house, known as the River Hill Church. It was erected about 1845. Solomon, Samuel, William and Hamilton Parrish and John Watson were early members. The class was small and regular services are no longer conducted here.
A small Methodist class formerly convened for worship at dwelling houses in Fry's Valley, but it has long since gone out of existence.
Mr. Edward Peter, of Gnadenhutten, has in his possession the first ledger of his father, David Peter's mercantile transactions in Tuscarawas County. Mr. Peter was the first, and for nearly ten years, the only merchant in the territory of Tuscarawas. The accounts are neatly kept, and include the names of most of the foremost pioneers of the county. Individual accounts were also kept with the Moravian Indians. Values are stated in pounds, shillings and pence in the old Pennsylvania currency, in which $1 is equivalent to 7 shillings 6 pence, or a shilling equivalent to 13g cents, and a penny to 13 cents. The following were the prices paid for commodities at Peter's store in the year 1800: Per pound, butter, 11 pence; bear's fat, 6} pence;
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bear's meat, 3 pence; tallow, 1 shilling; flour, 4 pence; venison, 3 pence; sugar, 1 shilling 2 pence; coffee 3 shillings 9 pence; Bobea tea, 6 shil- ings; salt 1 shilling 6 pence, or 11 shillings 3 pence per peck; powder, per pound, 9 shillings 6 pence; pepper, 5 shillings; tobacco, 1 shilling 6 pence; shingle nails, 2 shillings 9 pence; one day's labor, 3 shillings 9 pence; calico, per yard, 6 shillings 6 pence; linen, per yard, 9 shillings; mus. lin, 3 shillings 9 pence; whisky, per quart, 1 shilling 10} pence; corn, per bushel, 6 shillings 6 pence; writing paper, 2 pence; one box wafers, 1 shilling; one fine comb, 1 shilling 10} pence; one ivory comb, 2 shillings 6 pence; one turkey, 1 shilling; a one-half inch augur, 3 shillings; one paper pins, 2 shil lings; twelve sewing needles, 6 pence; pair moccasins, 3 shillings 6 pence; one pair stockings, 10 shillings; one blanket, 22 shillings 6 pence; flints, 2 pence each; spelling-book, 1 shilling 3 pence; raccoon skins, 2 shillings 6 pence each; deerskins, per pound, 15 pence; one brass kettle, $5.50. The car- riage of goods from Georgetown, on the Ohio, to Gnadenhutten was $2 per 100 pounds.
From the records of Beersheba Church it is learned that a well twenty feet deep was finished at Gnadenhutten July 6, 1801. It is still used and stands in the center of Main street, near Cherry. Rev. Lewis Huebner preached the first sermon at the cabin of John Knisely, four miles above Goshen, July 22, 1804. "The river overflowed its banks in a remarkable manner," May 11 and 12, 1807. In 1810, " the whooping cough prevailed in both this and the Dutch settlements; also some grown people had it." September 1, 1812, says Muller, "the surrender of Hull's army to the English in Canada brought our State and settlement into great danger from invasion by the savage." September 8, 1813, Rev. Abraham Luckenbach was married at Goshen to Rosine Heckedorn. The record closes with the statement that the fall of 1813 and the spring of 1814 were remarkable for prevailing sickness, which occasioned many deaths.
The first grist mill in the county was a horse mill, which was completed at Gnadenhutten December 9, 1801, and on that day the first meal was ground. The mill was erected by a mill-wright, who came here for that purpose from Charlestown. William Kail now owns and operates a little corn-cracker and saw mill on Watson Creek, in the southeast part of the township.
The first school in the township was taught at (nadenhutten, and the pas- tor, Rev. Lewis Huebner, was probably the instructor. February 3, 1806, school was commenced at Beersheba with eighteen children. About 1813, a school was taught in the Gnadenhutten tract, on the present farm of Benedict Gross, by Alexander Hubbard, a Yankee from the Western Reserve, in a cabin , which had been built and occupied by Mr. Pettycoart. He also taught a term in the Beersheba Church, and was followed by William Reed, another Yankee, who taught two terms at the same place.
Clay Township was set off from Salem March 2, 1824, and the first elec- tion ordered at the house of John G. Demuth, on the first Monday of April following. Its original bounds included nearly all the territory now comprised within Rush and Clay, besides small fractions of Salem and Mill, as follows: Beginning at the northeast corner of Township 6, Range 1; thence west, around the north side of the Gnadenhutten tract to the northwest corner of Township 6, Range 2; thence south one and a half miles; thence east to the northwest corner of Lot 14, first quarter, Township 6, Range 2; thence south to Township 5; thence east to the county line and north to the place of beginning.
The following have acted as Justices of the Peace: John G. Demuth, 1826; Joshua Davis, 1826; John G. Demuth, 1829, resigned 1829; Joseph Walton, 1829; Thomas Hamilton, 1830; John G. Demuth, 1831; Thomas
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Hamilton, 1833; Thomas Hamilton, 1836; David Gram, 1837; William Ham- ilton, 1839; David Gram, 1840; William Hamilton, 1842; David Gram. 1843; William Hamilton, 1845; David Gram, 1846; David Gram, 1849: William Hamilton, 1848; George Ross, 1851; David Gram, 1852; George Ross, 1854; David Gram, 1855; William Hamilton, 1857; David Gram. 1858; William Hamilton, 1860; Samuel Schweitzer, 1861; John Dinning. 1863; Samuel Schweitzer, 1864; William Hamilton, 1866; Samuel Schweitzer, 1867; William Hamilton, 1869; Samuel Schweitzer, 1870; Robert Morris. 1872; David Gram, 1873; Robert L. Morris, 1875; David Gram, 1876; L. S. Winsch, 1878; David Gram, 1879; Lewis S. Winsch, 1881; David Gram. 1882.
Clay Township is located in the south-central part of the county, and has an irregular outline. The Tuscarawas River, Ohio Canal, and Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis Railroad cross it from northeast to southwest through a broad and fertile valley. North and south of this the land is rongh and hilly. relieved in a slight degree by Fry's Valley, in the north, and the val- ley of Watson's Creek, a small stream, in the south part of the township. The northern part of the township consists of 100-acre military lots. In the the southern part, both Congress land and military lots are found. A frac. tion of the second quarter of Township 6, Range 2, entered by Godfrey Haga, is in the western portion. The Gnadenhutten Moravian tract of 4,000 acres composes the central part. As intimated above, it was in possession of lessees until 1824, when, having reverted by deed to the United States, it was surveyed into lots, most of which were sold by James Patrick, agent for the Government, and those remaining unsold were reported to the Zanesville land office and afterward regularly entered like Congress land.
Gnadenhutten is a quiet, secluded village, situated in the eastern part of the township, on the east bank of the Tuscarawas, and a short distance south of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis Railroad. In 1798, when Rev. John Heckewelder returned from the mission in Canada with intent to restore the Tuscarawas Valley to its former Christian Indian possessors, he located, as stated above, on the site of the mission village Gnadenhutten, where, six- teen years before. the massacre had occurred. The year following, the first white settlers came, and with them David Peter, who acted for the Moravian society in the capacity of merchant. He was born in Nazareth, Penn., July 20, 1766, married Dorcas Chitty, and directly afterward emigrated to the Tuscarawas Valley. He had two children, Maria and Elizabeth, by this mar. riage. Mrs. Peter was the daughter of Benjamin and Mary Chitty, and was born in South Carolina, February 11, 1775; she died at Gnadenhutten August 22, 1806. Soon after David Peter returned to Pennsylvania, there married Susanna Leinbach, and again sought with his new companion his former Western home. His children by his second marriage were Charles, Benjamin, Caroline, Edward, Lewis and Louisa, and three who died young. Mr. Peter remained the merchant of the settlement until his decease, which occurred No- vember 22, 1840.
Though not a regularly laid out town until 1824, Gnadenhutten for a quarter of a century before had been the center of the Moravian settlements. Frederick Dell from Bedford County, Penn., came about 1802. He was a Moravian like the other early settlers here, and built his cabin on Outlot 1. where he followed the trade of weaver, and afterward kept the ferry. He died here leaving a numerous posterity. Benjamin Chitty, from Lancaster County, Penn., was at Gnadenhutten in 1800. Not long afterward he re- moved from the county. Henry Albright was living at Gnadenhutten in 1800. He came from Northhampton County, Penn., was & gunsmith by
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trade and occupation, and a Moravian. He remained here but a few years. Conrad Westhæffer was following the trade of weaver at Gnadenbutten in 1805. He also kept ferry until 1812, when Frederick Dell succeeded him. Mr. Westhæffer died on a farm in the eastern part of this county. Martin Tschudy was a day-laborer here in 1805. He afterward farmed, and died about 1834. Jacob Winsch, a carpenter, came from Pennsylvania about 1805, remaining till his death. John Tschudy was a weaver and lived at Gnaden- hutten in 1804, afterward romoved to Fry's Valley, and there farmed until his death. In 1823, there were only about eight cabins in the village, occupied by David Peter; Jacob Winsch, carpenter and cabinet-maker; John G. Demuth, cabinet-maker; John Tschudy, weaver; Frederick Dell, weaver; John Niege- man, tailor; John Andreas, shoe maker; and the pastor. Solomon Reich, a cabinet-maker, bailing from North Carolina was here in 1826. He afterward removed to Illinois. John Heckewelder kept the first tavern; John G. De- muth, the second. Heckewelder was the first Postmaster; David Peter suc- ceeded and held the office until 1840. Then followed Edward Peter, until 1846. Lewis Peter, Gustavus Fox, Lewis S. Winsch and Josiah Rhodes have successively served since.
Soon after the retrocession of the Moravian tracts to the United States, or in September, 1824, James Patrick, as agent for the United States, made a survey of Gnadenhutten, for the purpose of selling the lots; eighty-three in- lots and thirty-two outlots of various areas were laid out, the boundaries of the town being irregularly shaped. The principal streets, Main and Walnut, crossed at right angles, and are one chain fifty links wide; the remaining streets are seventy-five links in width. A square was set apart for a market house at the east corner of Main and Walnut streets. The square on the east corner of Main and Cherry streets contained the parsonage and church, and was reserved. Lot C, southwest of Cherry, was reserved to Frederick Dell. A commons, marked D, on the river bank was reserved to the town. A large burial-lot, R and S, in the south part of the plat, was reserved for burials. Inlots 46 and 47 were reserved for schools for the Moravian society, and Lots 68 and 69 for schools for the inhabitants.
Miksch's Addition was made in 1853; it consisted of sixteen lots, west of Walnut and north of Tuscarawas streets. In 1865, the Moravian congregation made a subdivision of Outlots 22-5 inclusive, into thirty-two lots. In 1873, Jonathan Winsch subdivided Outlot 15 into eight lots, and the same year Ed- ward Peters made a subdivision of Outlot 14 into nine lots.
Dr. Lewis J. Zeigler, the first physician of Gnadenhutten, came about 1836 from Frederick County, Md., and remained in practice until his death in 1843. Drs. Wilson, Hahn, Robert Arnold, and others have since practiced here, and at present the village has two physicians, Drs. Samuel House and Mills.
The village contains two general stores, two groceries, two hotels, a harness shop, two blacksmith shops, a shoe shop and a cabinet shop. The school building is a large frame, in which three departments are held. The village is in a special school district, which was adopted by popular vote a few years ago. Mr. Mardis is the present Principal. The Moravian and Methodist sanctuaries here have already been noticed. The population of Gnadenhutten in 1870 was 284, and in 1880, 336. It has grown steadily during the past few years, and now has within its limits more than 400 people.
The object of greatest interest in the village is the cemetery, which is located in the southern part, not far distant from the river. It is situated in a beautiful grove, and the grounds are always neat and clean. The first white person interred in the grave-yard was a young married woman-Mrs. Stock-
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well-who was accidentally drowned in attempting to cross Stillwater in haste through fear of Indians. From the numerous bones unearthed in digging graves, it is evident that this was formerly an Indian burial-ground. Since the settlements began, it has been the most general place of burial for the settlers in the Tuscarawas Valley, and contains the remains of a large number of the pioneers. Over 500 burials have been made. The peculiar custom has been in vogue from the first to bury the children in one portion of the grounds, the women in another, and the men in a third. Recently, however, family lots have been sold. Within the inclosed grounds is the site of the mission village, and many objects of interest are still pointed out, among which is an apple tree planted by the Indians in 1774, the site of the ancient mission house, and the human slaughter houses. The erection and dedication in the cemetery, in 1872, of a towering shaft to the memory of the murdered Indians, has been noted in an earlier portion of this volume.
The settlement west of the river, in the Gnadenhutten tract, was in early times known as Yankeetown. The pioneers here conversed in the English tongue, while those across at Gnadenhutten clung for many years to their mother German speech, as Lock 17 is still a struggling hamlet, which in 1880 returned a population of fifty-five souls. The canal lock was built in 1829, by Whitaker & Avery, and it is said that about the same time, Frederick Sharpee attempted to found a town, which he dubbed Bevelard, on an adjoin- ing farm. Soon after the construction of the canal, John G. Demuth erected a warehouse at Lock 17, and purchased grain. A little later, a store was opened, and a thriving business was transacted. There are now at Lock 17, the Clay Mills, on the canal, which were built and are still owned and oper- ated by John M. Heck, a store, a blacksmith shop and a post office.
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DOVER TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER V.
DOVER TOWNSHIP.
SCHOOL, CONGRESS AND MILITARY LANDS-TOPOGRAPHY-ORGANIZATION-JUSTICES -CHRISTIAN DEARDORFF-OTHER PIONEERS-INDIANS-CHURCHES-
"BRICKTOWN"-WINFIELD-DOVER-ITS GROWTH -- FIRST SET- TLERS-ADDITIONS-INCORPORATION - EARLY TEACHI- ERS-UNION SCHOOLS-CHURCHES-ORDERS- PHY- SICIANS-NEWSPAPERS-INDUSTRIES.
D OVER TOWNSHIP is one of the largest civil subdivisions of Tuscara was County. It is of irregular outline, the Tuscarawas River forming a por- tion of its eastern boundary, and is composed of three kinds of land. The northern part, consisting of the north half of Township 9, Range 2, is Western Reserve School Land, a tract including not quite 8,000 acres. It is surveyed into fifty lots, approximating 160 acres each, which were not sold until after 1830; a few lots had been leased prior to that date. The permanent settle- ment of this portion of the township was, in consequence, later than that of other portions. The western part of Dover Township, also embracing a tract of nearly 8,000 acres, is Congress land, comprising nearly all the first quarter of Township 8, and the fourth quarter of Township 9, Range 3. This region was for sale at the Government land office as early as 1803 and received most of the township's pioneers. The remainder of the township, the central and southeastern part, consists of one entire 4,000-acre tract and large fractions of two other similar tracts. The first, being the third quarter of Township 9, Range 2, was patented by James Morrison, of Lexington, Ky., April 22, 1800. In 1806, he sold to Christian Deardorff and Jesse Slingluff the south part of this tract. The north half of the quarter Morrison sold to James Scott and others. All that part of the fourth quarter of Township 9, Range 2, entered by John C. Reich, John Shropp and Christian Lange in 1800, which lies west of the river, is in Dover Township, and also nearly all of the second quarter of Township 8, Range 2, which was entered by John Heckewelder in 1800. Heckewelder sold the north part, 2,023 acres, to Dr. Felix Lynn, of North- ampton, Penn., in 1801, and the south portion, 1,889 acres, to Thomas Horse- field, a surgeon in the British Army. Horsefield sold his land to Jacob Blick- insderfer, who laid it out in farm lots.
Much of these lands was withheld from the market for an advance in price, and hence were slowly settled. They were finally sold by the proprietors in tracts to suit the purchaser, so that there is no uniformity of outline in the survey lines of these tracts.
Except the Tuscarawas, which skirts the southeast border of the township, Sugar Creek is the most important stream. It flows southeasterly and divides the township into two almost equal portions. In early times its banks were fringed with beautiful thick groves of sugar-maple, whence the name of the stream was derived. The pioneers of this valley made large quantities of maple sugar, as did also their Indian predecessors. Brandywine Creek and Crooked Run, in the southern part of the township, were early settled. Back from the valleys the surface is rolling and hilly. It was densely covered with timber. The plains, extending along the river and Sugar Creek on both sides for many miles, supported only a sparse and scrubby growth of underbrush.
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HISTORY OF TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.
Dover Township was erected March 6, 1810, and had these original boun- daries: Beginning at the northeast corner of the third quarter of Township 9. Range 2; thence south to the Muskingum (Tuscarawas) River; thence with the meanders of the same to where the section line, dividing the first and sec ond quarters of Township 8, Range 2, crosses the river; thence south to the southeast corner of the third quarter of Township 8, Range 2; thence west to to the county line ; thence north to the northwest corner of the third quarter of Township 9, Range 4; thence east to the place of beginning. It was taken from the west part of Goshen, and included within its original boundaries what is now Sugar Creek and the greater portions of the present Dover, York and Auburn Townships. The house of Christian Deardorff was selected as the first voting place, and the first Monday in April, 1810, was the date of the earliest election.
The Justices of the township whose qualifications have been recorded, are the following : Conrad Roth. 1810; Gabriel Cryder, 1811; Abraham Over. holtz, 1813; Thomas Holmes, 1816; Abraham Shane, 1818, resigned 1820; Elias Wade, 1820; John Butt, 1822; George Bugher, 1822; George Bugher, 1825; Christopher Ecker, 1826; Benjamin Johnson, 1828; George M. McCon- nell. 1828; Christopher Ecker, 1829; Abraham Shane, 1830; Thomas Spach, 1830; Benjamin Johnson, 1831; Thomas Spach, 1832; Jacob Helwig. 1833: Isaac B. Lee, 1834; Wright Warner, 1835; Thomas J. Frazier, 1835; Alexan- der McConnell, 1836; Wright Warner, 1838; John J. Burress, 1839; Daniel Keller, 1838: Alexander McConnell, 1839; Sebastian Brainerd, 1841; John J. Burress, 1842; Wright Warner, 1843; Augustus Wilhelmi, 1844; Joseph Brancher, 1845; Benjamin Johnson, 1846; Augustus Wilhelmi, 1847, resigned 1849; Abraham Shane, 1848; Hosea T. Stockwell, 1849; George F. A. Wass- man, 1850; Augustus Wilhelmi, 1853: Oliver B. Walling, 1855; John H. Kep- linger, 1855: Joseph W. Newburg. 1858; Vance P. Bonham, 1858; Augustus Wilhelmi, 1859; Joseph W. Newburg, 1861; Vance P. Bonham, 1861; Jonas Bair, 1862; Nicholas Montag, 1864; V. P. Bonham, 1864; Jacob Hoopengar- ner, 1864; John G. Croxton, 1866; V. P. Bonham, 1867; John A. Bowers, 1867; J. W. Newburg, 1869; Jacob Hoopengarner, 1870; Edmund Burnett. 1870; J. W. Newburg, 1872; John G. Croxton, 1873; J. W. Newburg. 1875: Jacob Hoopengarner, 1876; John G. Croxton, 1876; Joseph W. Newburg, 1878; Nicholas Montag, 1879; Augustus Wilhelmi, 1879; Joseph W. Newburg, 1881; Nicholas Montag, 1882; Perry Stocksdale, 1882.
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