USA > Ohio > The biographical annals of Ohio, 1902-1903. A handbook of the government and institutions of the state of Ohio. Vol. 1 > Part 44
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In furtherance of its work in this direction the Board began, in 1897, a systematic examination of the streams of Ohio. Each main stream, with its tributaries, has been carefully examined from source to outlet with- a view to determining the source and character of its pollution. Monthly chemical and bacteriological examinations of the waters of these streams, taken at various places on each stream, have been made, and careful gagings and measurements to determine their rates of flow at different seasons of the year. This work is about completed.
An act of 1900 authorized the Board to establish a Laboratory "for the e: amination of public water supplies, the diagnosis of diphtheria, typhoid fever, hydrophobia, glanders, etc., and for the examination of food. suspected to be the cause of disease."
The Laboratory has been placed at the disposal of all local boards of health, and much good has already resulted from its establishment.
The Board is frequently called upon to examine the sanitary condition of public institutions and school buildings, to investigate the causes of outbreaks of epidemic diseases, and to assist the local authorities in the abatement of nuisances injurious to health.
Beginning with a Secretary, the working force of the Board has been gradually increased until it now embraces a chief clerk, two stenographers, an engineer, a chemist and a bacteriologist.
The immense growth of public sentiment in the last ten years in favor of improved sanitary conditions and more stringent measures for the pre- vention of disease has been due in no small part to the progressive char- acter of the work of the State Board of Health; and we may confidently hope that this enlightened sentiment will gradually lead to a more gen- erous support of health measures, whereby the sum of human happiness and average duration of life may be materially increased.
The State Board of Health secured legislation from time to time, gradually extending the powers and duties of local boards of health, and making provision for their establishment throughout the State. In 1893 the townships, which up to that time had had practically no protection in health matters, were required to establish boards of health, so that pro-
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vision is now made for a board of health in every city, village and township, a grand total of 2,112 such boards.
The State Board has kept in close touch with the local boards, and is constantly helping them by aid and advice.
In 1888 a monthly journal was established as a medium of frequent communication between the state and local boards of health. A sum- mary of the weekly reports of contagious diseases, made to the State Board, by the local boards, is published therein, with other original and re- printed matter of interest, or suitable for the guidance or instruction of health officers and members of boards of health.
In 1891 a call was issued for a meeting of the State Board of Health and representatives of local boards of health. About forty delegates were present at this meeting. Annual meetings have been held regularly since; the attendance at the meeting for 1901 was nearly or quite four hun- dred.
The State Board has endeavored to disseminate among the people plain instructions for the prevention of the dangerous contagious diseases. Suitable pamphlets were prepared, and hundreds of thousands of copies have been distributed. All local boards of health have been supplied with copies of these, and when a contagious disease appears in any community they are urged to distribute the appropriate circular to families having the disease, and to their neighbors.
In 1893 an act was passed providing that plans for all proposed water works or sewerage systems, or for changes or extensions thereof should be submitted to and approved by the State Board of Health. The Board has examined and passed upon two hundred and twenty such plans. It has been able in this way to protect many communities against the introduc- tion of an impure water supply, and to prevent what in some instances would have been dangerous pollution of sources of existing public water supplies.
THE STATE BOARD OF DENTAL EXAMINERS.
T HE Seventy-Fifth General Assembly amended the law regulating the practice of Dentistry in Ohio. The wholesale registration per- mitted by the former law is restricted, and only graduates of Ohio colleges up to the June meeting of the Board, 1905, and proprietors of dental offices continuously since January 1, 1893, are permitted to register without examination.
Those who were students of dentistry with a registered preceptor for one year prior to the passage of this law may take the examination at any meeting of the Board during the years of 1902 and 1903. After 1905, June meeting, every one that desires to practice dentistry in Ohio must be a graduate of a reputable Dental College and pass the State Board of Dental examiners, before a certificate of registration will be issued them, therefore our law eventually works into a very effective one.
The registration fee is $10.00; the examination fee $20.00. There have been 3,213 certificates of registration issued since the passage of the former law, which took effect July 4, 1892; however, a great many of these were issued to persons having no intentions of practicing in Ohio, but registered because the law was so lax-a diploma and fee of $2.00 was all that was required.
The members of the Board are as follows, and their terms expire May 31, 1905:
Name and Office.
Residence.
Henry Barnes, M. D., President
H. C. Brown, D. D. S., Secretary
L. L. Barber, D. D. S., Treasurer
J. K. Douglas, D. D. S., C. Stanley Smith, D. D. S.
Cleveland. Columbus. Toledo. Sandusky. Cincinnati.
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THE BOARD OF LIVE STOCK COMMISSIONERS.
W. W. MILLER, SECRETARY.
DR. PAUL FISCHER, VETERINARIAN.
A CCORDING to a law passed May 7, 1902, the Ohio State Board of Agriculture constitutes the State Board of Live Stock Commis- sioners. This Board appoints a veterinarian, who is subject to its rules and regulations, and, in certain cases, when deemed advisable, additional veterinarians may be temporarily appointed.
This Board is delegated with power to prescribe rules for carrying into effect and enforcing all the laws of the state with reference to pro- tecting live stock and exterminating disease, and is authorized to, and does, co-operate with the Bureau of Animal Industry of the United States De- partment of Agriculture. The scope of the Board's work is entirely ad- ministrative in character, the object being not to treat disease, but to prevent its spread and provide means for eradication. Prevention is brought about, as far as possible, by enforcing the laws forbidding the transportation of diseased animals through the state, and by regulating the sanitary condition of stock-yards and railway cars and other convey- ances used for transporting animals; and also the condition of buildings and public and private premises where live stock may be quartered.
The shipments of southern cattle infested with ticks, the carriers of southern cattle fever, are carefully guarded and regulated. Under the rules and regulations of this Board, southern cattle, which are liable to convey southern cattle fever (Texas fever) to native cattle, must be shipped in distinctly placarded cars and unloaded in special pens provided for that purpose. Cars and other conveyances used for transporting such cattle must be thoroughly disinfected, according to prescribed methods, before they can again be used for transporting other animals or merchandise of any kind. In this way the spread of southern cattle fever can be kept under absolute control.
When dangerously infectious or contagious diseases break out their further spread is checked by enforcing strict quarantine regulations. In enforcing these regulations and in receiving information regarding out- breaks of dangerous diseases the co-operation of live stock owners and transportation companies is of the greatest value, in fact without such co- operation no effective work can be done.
Certain widespread diseases and others of a very malignant nature receive particular attention. The introduction of diseases at present not · existing in the United States, but which might at any time be introduced with imported animals, such diseases, for instance, as contagious pleuro- pneumonia in cattle and foot and mouth disease in cattle, swine and other animals are guarded with the greatest caution, since their introduction
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would mean incalculable losses to individuals and their extermination am enormous cost to the country. When in the opinion of the Board of Live Stock Commissioners it is necessary to prevent the further spread of any dangerous, contagious, or infectious disease, to destroy certain affected or ex- posed animals, such animals, after being examined by the state veterin- arian and pronounced affected with the disease in question, may be ordered destroyed. For animals thus destroyed the owner receives a certain com- pensation from the state. Claims under this provision must be approved by the Board of Live Stock Commissioners, reported by this Board to the Governor, and by him communicated to the legislature with the recom- mendation, if the matter is approved by him, that the proper appropria- tion be made to pay such claims. Thus far this provision has been applied to glanders in horses and mules, but to no other disease.
Animals affected with rabies, southern cattle fever, shuppox, mange, or any other dangerous, infectious or contagious disease, the spread of which can be controlled by isolation of the infected animals, are strictly quarantined until all danger of communicating the disease has passed. The cost of the quarantine is always borne by the owner of the quarantined animals.
Shipments of live stock into the state and cars or other conveyances carrying such live stock, are subject to inspection by the State Veterin- arian whenever this is necessary to enforce any of the rules and regulations of the Board. The State Veterinarian is the authorized person to issue certificates of health for animals intended to be shipped to other states requiring such certificates.
Special plans for controlling tuberculosis in cattle and swine and for reducing the losses occasioned by hog cholera are being introduced ; literature relating to these subjects is from time to time issued by the State Veterinarian and distributed to all applicants who may be interested.
Under the former laws this Board was an independent body, ap- pointed by the Governor with approval by the Senate. The following have served on the Board in the order of appointment:
34 B. A.
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The Board of Live Stock Commissioners.
MEMBERS OF THE BOARD FROM 1885-1900.
Year.
Name.
Residence.
1885
Thos. P. Shields, M. D.
Watkins, Ohio.
1885.
Hon. Thos. C. Jones
Delaware, Ohio.
1885.
Hon. B. W. Carlisle
Lancaster, Ohio.
1886.
D. N. Kinsman, M. D.
Columbus, Ohio.
1890.
Hon. O. P. Goodman
Kingston, Ohio.
1893.
Hon. Wm. L. Miller
Chillicothe, Ohio.
1900
H. M. W. Moore, M. D.
Columbus, Ohio.
-
PRESENT MEMBERS OF THE BOARD.
Name.
Office.
Residence.
Thos. P. Shields, M. D.
President
Watkins, Ohio. Chillicothe, Ohio.
· Hon. Wm. L. Miller
H. M. W. Moore, M. D.
Secretary
Columbus, Ohio.
THE BOARD OF LIBRARY COMMISSIONERS.
T HE Ohio State Library was established by Governor Thomas Worthington in the year 1817. The general assembly which met December 2, 1816, appropriated $3,500.00 as a contingent fund for the Governor in 1817. In the summer of that year Governor Worthington visited eastern cities to investigate the management of state institutions. While in Philadelphia he determined to purchase a collection of books for the establishment of a state library. On his return he authorized the fitting up of a room above the auditor's office, in the south end of the old state office building, then on High Street, immediately south of the avenue to the west entrance of the State House. He deposited therein the books he had selected-509 volumes- the beginning of the State Li- brary. Most of these books are still in the library.
John L. Harper was the first librarian. Changes in this office were frequent till 1824, when Zachariah Mills was appointed. He served eighteen years.
In 1844, the library was placed under a commission consisting of the Governor, the Secretary of State and the State Librarian. The latter was appointed by the Governor. In April, 1896, the law was again changed and the entire management of the library was vested in a board of commissioners appointed by the Governor for a term of six years. They elect the librarian and all the assistants.
The State Library' was open originally only to state officers and mem- bers of the general assembly. The regulations provided that "the librarian shall open accounts with the Governor, Secretary, Treasurer and Auditor of State, the Judges of the Supreme Court, and the members of the general assembly and their clerks." The privilege of drawing books did not extend beyond the period the legislature was actually in session. As late as 1895 books were loaned only to "members and officers, and ex- members and ex-officers of the general assembly ; state officers, and clerks in the several departments of the state government at Columbus, and ex-officers of the same; the Judges of the Supreme Court, of the Supreme Court Commission, of the Circuit Court and the Common Pleas Court; officers and teachers of the benevolent institutions of the State, and of the State University ; officers of the Penitentiary ; widows of ex-members and ex-officers of the general assembly and of ex-state officers ; and clergymen resident of Columbus."
Under such regulations the circulation of the library was, of course, quite limited. In the long period since it was founded many valuable works have been placed on the shelves that were accessible to the general public only for purposes of reference in the reading room of the library. These were sought by those who were engaged in the preparation of some
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literary work or in the study of some "special science or subject of art." The newspaper files were frequently consulted by editors and reporters. The books had a limited circulation among state officers and their families. Members of the legislature, as a rule, found themselves too busy to read. They made frequent use of the state documents kept in the library.
The first board of library commissioners under the Garfield Act of 1896 was appointed by the Governor in April of that year. The members were Rutherford B. Hayes, J. F. McGrew and Charles A. Reynolds. One of the first acts of this board was to open the library to citizens of the state. The old distinctions in favor of state officials were in large measure removed. Citizens of the state who desire to draw books now do so by furnishing the library board a satisfactory guarantee, or by making appli- cation through their local library. Those living in distant parts of the state may borrow books by paying transportation both ways. The books are not sent out indiscriminately. Rare and valuable works are not issued for use outside of the library. Those in the circulating department, how- ever, are issued freely on the same conditions to all citizens.
While it contains works in almost every department of literature, the library is strongest in state publications, government documents, his- tory and its related branches, bound periodicals, and newspaper files. In recent years a systematic effort has been made to add to the early liter- ature relating to the state. The work of collecting has necessarily been slow, but the very substantial progress already made warrants the hope that this may soon become the best reference library in the country in all things pertaining to Ohio.
There are at present (November 15, 1902) 81,876 bound volumes in the State Library. Of these 20,076 are in the
TRAVELING LIBRARY DEPARTMENT.
This department was organized in the summer of 1896. A travel- ing library is a collection of from twenty-five to thirty-five books sent out by the State Library to a reading club, an association of citizens, a board of education or a public library, to be kept three months, with privilege of renewal.
The objects of the department are: 1. To furnish good literature to patrons. 2. To strengthen small libraries. 3. To create an interest in the establishment of new libraries.
On receipt of a request on the forms furnished by the State Library, properly filled and signed by the members of the club, the officers of a free public library, board of education, or other association, the books will be shipped. The parties receiving the books must pay transportation both wałys.
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The conditions under which these libraries are issued are very simple. The organizations to which they are sent obligate themselves for their proper use and safe return. The system has proven very popular. Travel- ing libraries have been sent out as follows :
Libraries.
Vols.
Prior to November 15, 1896
2
50
November 15, 1896 to November 15, 1897
62
1,331
November 15, 1897, to November 15, 1898
379
9,887
November 15, 1898, to November 15, 1899
.445
12,812
November 15, 1899, to November 15, 1900
711
19,505
November 15, 1900, to November 15, 1901
762
20,689
November 15, 1901, to November 15, 1902
.803
22,031
Note-Detailed history of the State Library has been written by William T. Coggeshall, John C. Tuthill and C. B. Galbreath.
RULES AND REGULATIONS.
The State Library will be open, except Sunday and holidays, from 8 a. m. to 5 p. m. During the months of July and August the Library will close at 4 p. m. During sessions of the legislature the Library will be open, except Saturday, till 9 p. m.
All citizens of the state over twenty-one years of age will be per- mitted to draw books in accordance with the following rules :
All State officers elected by the people or appointed by the Governor may draw books by giving receipt.
Citizens who desire to draw books may do so on furnishing the Library Board a satisfactory guarantee or through the public library in their city.
No one shall keep from the Library more than two volumes at one time, nor any volume more than two weeks without renewal.
One renewal will be allowed and the book may be kept for two weeks from the date of renewal.
No borrower shall keep a book more than three days after notice has been mailed to his address that it is wanted at the Library or that the book is due.
Any book not returned after one week's notice may be sent for at the expense of the borrower.
Any book not returned after one month's notice may be considered lost, in which case the borrower shall pay its full value or the value of the set to which it belongs.
All expenses connected with the issue of the books or their return shall be paid by the borrower.
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Any person failing to return a book within one week after notice has been mailed forfeits the privilege of the Library until reinstated by the Board.
The Board will determine what books may not be taken from the Library.
Traveling libraries, of from 25 to 35 volumes each, will be loaned for from three to five months. For particulars, address State Librarian, Co- lumbus, Ohio.
LIST OF OHIO STATE LIBRARIANS FROM 1817 to 1902.
Name.
Term of Service.
John L. Harper
1817-1818
John McElvain
1818-1820
David S. Broderick
1820-1824
Zechariah Mills
1824-1842
Thomas Kennedy
1842-1845
John Greiner
1845-1851
Elijah Hayward
1851-1854
James W. Taylor
1854-1856
W. T. Coggeshall
1856-1862
S. G. Harbaugh
1862-1874
W. C. Hood
1874-1875
H. H. Robinson
1875-1877
R. M. Stimson
1877-1879
H. V. Kerr
1879-1881
Joseph H. Geiger
1881-1883
H. L. Conard
1883-1885
H. W. Pierson
1885-1886
F. B. Loomis
1886-1887
John M. Doane
1887-1889
W. G. Sibley
Dec 1, 1899, · to Feb. 20, 1890
John C Tuthill
1890-1892
Joseph P. Smith
1892-1896
C. B. Galbreath
1896- -
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STATE LIBRARY COMMISSION FROM 1845 TO 1891.
Board.
Years.
Names.
First
1845-1847
Mordecai Bartley, Samuel Galloway, John Greiner.
Second
1847-1849 William Webb, Samuel Galloway, John Greiner.
Third
1849-1851
Seabury Ford, Samuel Galloway, John Greiner.
Fourth
1851-1852.
Reuben Wood, Henry W. King, Elijah Hayward.
Fifith
1852-1854
Reuben Wood, William Trevitt, Elijah Hayward.
Sixth
1854-1856
William Medill, William Trevitt, James W. Taylor.
Seventh
1856-1858
Salmon P. Chase, James H. Baker, William T. Coggeshall.
Eighth
1859
Salmon P. Chase, Addison P. Russell, William T. Coggeshall.
Ninth
1860.
William Dennison, A. P. Russell, W. T. Coggeshall.
Tenth
1862 David Tod, W. S. Kennon, S. G. Harbaugh.
Eleventh
1863
-David Tod, W. W. Armstrong, S. G. Harbaugh.
Twelfth
1865.
Charles Anderson, William H. Smith, S. G. Har- baugh.
Thirteenth
1866.
J. D. Cox, W. H. Smith, S. G. Harbaugh.
Fourteenth
1867
R. B. Hayes, John Russell, S. G. Harbaugh.
Sixteenth
1869-1871
R. B. Hayes, Isaac R. Sherwood, S. G. Harbaugh.
Seventeenth
1872
Edward F. Noyes, Isaac R. Sherwood, S. G. Har- baugh.
Eighteenth
1873
Edward F. Noyes, A. T. Wikoff, S. G. Harbaugh.
Nineteenth
1874.
William Allen, A. T. Wikoff, W. C. Hood.
Twentieth
1876. R. B. Hayes, William Bell, Jr., H. H. Robinson.
Twenty-first
1877 Thomas L. Young, Milton Barnes, R. M. Stimson.
Twenty-second
1878.
R. M. Bishop, Milton Barnes, R. M. Stimson.
Twenty-third
1880
Charles Foster, Milton Barnes, H. V. Kerr.
Twenty-fourth
1882
Charles Foster, Charles Townsend, J. H. Geiger.
Twenty-fifth
1883
Charles Foster, J. W. Newman, H. L. Conard.
Twenty-sixth
1884
Twenty-seventh
1885
Twenty-eighth
1886.
Geo. Hoadly, J. W. Newman, H. L. Conard. Geo. Hoadly, J. S. Robinson, H. W. Pierson. J. B. Foraker, J. S. Robinson, F. B. Loomis. T. B. Foraker, J. S. Robinson, John M. Doane.
Twenty-ninth
1887 .
Thirtieth
1888-1889
J. B. Foraker, Daniel J. Ryan, John M. Doane.
Thirty-first
1892-1894
Thirty-second
1890-1892
James E. Campbell, Daniel J. Ryan, John C. Tuthill. William McKinley, Jr., C. L. Poorman, Joseph P. Smith.
Thirty-third
1894-1896
William Mckinley, Jr., Samuel M. Taylor, Joseph P. Smith.
LIBRARY COMMISSIONERS UNDER GARFIELD ACT OF 1896.
1896-1897-Charles A. Reynolds, President; Rutherford B. Hayes, J. F. McGrew. 1898-J. F. McGrew, President; O. E. Niles, Chas. A. Reynolds. 1899-1901-J. F. McGrew, President; O. E. Niles, Chas. Orr. 1902 -- J. F. McGrew, President; Chas. Orr. John McSweeney.
Fifteenth
1868. R. B. Hayes, Isaac R. Sherwood, S. G. Harbaugh.
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OHN FRANKLIN MCGREW was born in Steubenville, Ohio, April 3, 1854. He moved to Steubenville in February, 1856; graduated from Wittenberg College, Springfield, in 1873; was admitted to the bar in 1877, and has been in practice since that time, with the exception of two years, during which time he was manager of the Republic Printing Company, of Springfield, publishers of The Republic. He was elected to the sixty-ninth General Assembly in 1889, as a Republican, and was re-elected to the Seventieth General Assembly. He was appointed Library Commis- sioner by Governor Bushnell April 22, 1896, for the term of four years and was reappointed by Governor Nash, in April, 1900, for the full term of six years.
Mr. McGrew has taken a very active interest in everything pertaining to the State Library and for a number of years has been President of the Board of Commissioners.
HARLES ORR was born at Cedarville, Ohio, January 8, 1858. His parents, John and Henrietta Orr, later moved to Xenia, where he attended the city schools and graduated from the high school in 1875. Later he engaged in the book and stationery business, in connection with which he operated a book bindery and built up an extensive trade. From Xenia he went to New York City, where he was for a time employed in the famous Brentano book store. He then went to Ann Arbor, Michigan, from which city he was soon called to the Case Library, of Cleveland, Ohio, of which he has had charge for the past twelve years. In the spring of 1899 he was appointed on the Board of Library Commissioners to succeed Cap- tain Charles A. Reynolds, who resigned to assume command of his com- pany in the Philippines.
Mr. Orr has spent the greater part of his life in contact with books. He has been active in the Ohio Library Association, which he has served as Secretary and President,
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OHN McSWEENEY was born in Wooster, Ohio, August 1, 1854.
He is the son of the late John McSweeney, the eloquent advocate, whose fame extended beyond the borders of Ohio. He was grad- uated from the Wooster High School, and at the age of twenty-two from the University of Wooster. Later he studied law in the Boston Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1879. Soon afterward he was elected City Solicitor of Wooster and served in this position from 1879 to 1883. In the latter year he was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Wayne county, a position which he held until 1889. Since then he has applied himself to the practice of law and has built up a large practice. He was appointed by Governor Mckinley a trustee of the Ohio Hospital for Epileptics, served through the two terms of Governor Bushnell's adminis- tration and was reappointed by Governor Nash. He was appointed Library Commissioner by Governor Nash in April, 1902, for the full term of six years.
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