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CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
FOUNDED BY EZRA
BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE
Cornell University Library F 157B76 C88 + History of Bradford County, Pennsylvania
3 1924 028 852 287 olin Overs
DATE DUE
JUL 21 1972 M. P.
NOV - 1977.E
:
AUG 25
4-20 220 24
MAR 26 2000
GAYLORD
PRINTED INU S A.
Y
1865
N
D
ED
A.
Cornell University Library
The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library.
There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text.
http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028852287
tim
LAKE
FOUR MILES FROM TOWANDA, PA.
-
106067
.L
1770 .- -
Craft, David
NEWS
STATE
HISTORY : OF-
T
BRADFORD COUNTY,
PENNSYLVANIA.
WITH
Illustrations and Biographical ketche?
OF
SOME OF ITS PROMINENT MEN AND PIONEERS.
D. Graft
1
PUBLISHED BY L. H. EVERTS & CO., 714-16 Filbert Street, Philadelphia.
1.
-- 1878 .---
E.M.
B. LIPPINCOTT & CO .. PHILADELPHIA.
1
:
VOYOU
MINDER
F 157 L 16 C8º+
A. 906768 Vi B. S
CONTENTS.
HISTORICAL.
HISTORY OF BRADFORD COUNTY.
CHAPTER
PAOE
Le Roy
313
Litchfield
315
II .- Land Controversies
.
29
III .- Settlements in Bradford County Previous to the Battle of Wyoming, July 3, 1778 49
IV .- Bradford County during the Revolutionary War
67
V .- Renewal of Settlements 85
336
Ridgeberry
345
Rome
349
Sheshequin
356
Smithfield .
368
South Creek
374
XI .- Education 120
XII .- Churches 126
XIII .- Societies
169
XIV .- The Learned Professions-Law-the Bar-Medical . 181
XV .- The Press, Authors, and Books .
.
XVI .- Political History of Bradford County 192
Tuscarora
418
Ulster
422
Warren
428
432
West Burlington
433
Wilmot
435
Windham
438
Wyalusing .
441
Wysox
453
ROSTEN OF SOLDIERS IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION, FROM BRADFORD . COUNTY 460
Columbia
302
Franklin
307
Granville
309
Herriek
311
LIST OF PATRONS OF THE HISTORY OF BRADFORD COUNTY . i .- ix
ILLUSTRATIONS.
ΡΑΟΕ
Lake, Pond Hill (frontispiece) .
facing title -
facing 9-
Indian Map of Bradford County
17-
Plan of Friedenshutten in 1771 .
. 23
Map of Certified Townships in Bradford County
38
.
ATHENS.
Residenee of David Paine, " Old Homestead"
facing 260
R. A. Paeker, Sayre
270
Col. Franklin's Grave
107
Portrait of S. W. Alvord
189-
Judson Holcomb
189
Wm. H. H. Gore
207 -
ALBANY.
Portraits of Moses A. and Mrs. Jane Ladd .
260
Cold Spring Tront Fishery, S. B. Eilenberger . between 432, 433
ASYLUM.
Portraits of Jonathan and Mrs. Sallie Stevens . faeiog 260 .-
Residence of Robert Bull (with portraits)
J. A. Homet
" 267
Chester Stevens
283
"
280
E. P. Allen, M. D. (steel)
facing 281
" David Paine
282
Residence of M. Coleman .
between 282, 283
Portraits of M. Coleman and Wife 282, 283
262 .
Portrait of John Spalding .
facing 283
facing 274
Bridge Works of Kellogg and Maurice
276
J. L. Corhin's Block .
278
Portrait of John Shepard (steel)
279
Hon. Edw. Herrick (steel)
PAOE
Residence of F. X. Homet (with portraits)
·
facing
268
"Valley Farm," Res. of F. H. Hagerman (with portraits, double
page) .
between 268, 269 -
Residence of P. W. Morey
facing
269 ---
Susquehanna Company's Townships
facing 41
Bradford County in 1812
113-
Portrait of Col. John Franklin (steel)
101-
Z. F. Walker
between 272,
273
Portraits of Zephon Flower and Z. F. Walker and wife, bet. 272, 273
Residence of Joseph McKinney (with portraits)
13 fell are
HISTORY OF THE TOWNSHIPS.
Albany
260
Armenia
264
Asylum
267
Athens
270
Barclay
286
Burlington . 287
Canton 294
186
Troy .
408
XVII .- Military History of Bradford County 200
XVIII .- Miscellaneous Items 249
PAOE
Monroe
320
North Towanda .
324
Orwell
326
Overton
334
Pike .
VI .- Indian Treaty at Atheos 91
VII .- French Settlement at Asylum 95
VIII .- Colonel Jobn Franklin
101
IX .- Organization of the County, and the Erection of Town- ships
107
X .- Geography, Topography, and Geology 117
Springfield
375
Standing Stone 379
382
Towanda
3816
Terry
Towanda Borough
389
Wells
489
APPENDIX
.
6444
3
I .- The Aborigines . 9
Map of Bradford County .
4
CONTENTS.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Portrait of Chas. McDuffee .
facing 283 . Gothic Hotel, with portraits of H. Van Duzer and Wife " 284 --
BURLINGTON.
Residence and Mill of Roswell Lutber (with portraits) facing .287 Residence of Mrs. J. F. Long, with portrait of Hon. J. F. Long, facing 288. . 44 290
Residence of. Barker Brown (with portraits)
·
S. M. Dickerman .
between 292, 293
C. E. Camphell
292, 293
Late Residence of Josephus Camphell (with portraits) "
292, 293 .
CANTON.
Residence of Wm. H. Bates (with portraits) facing 294
Portraits of Wm. S. Jayne and Wife
296
Irad Wilson and Wife . between 296, 297
Residence of S. A. Taylor (with portraits). 296, 297
Wm. Lawrence
facing
298
= Mrs. Ichahed Sellard (with portraits) double page between 298, 299
Coal Yard and Mill Property uf S. S. Strait and Son facing 300
Residence and Farm of Capt. C. S. Sellard (with portraits) double page between 300, 301
Residence ef Gee. W. Griffin (with pertraits)
facing 301 .
Portrait of Thomas Williams
. 30]
COLUMBIA.
Portraits of Joel Stevens and Wife . facing 302
Portrait of Peleg Peck
.
.
306
Portraits of Hezekiah and Peleg Peck, Jr.
facing 306
FRANKLIN.
Portrait of J. E. Spalding facing 307 -
Portraits of Joseph L. Johnson and Wife .
307
Hern Brook Church .
between 362, 363
facing
364
Portrait of Ebenezer Shaw
Portraits of Jesse Brown and Wife
365
Portrait of Col. Franklin Blackman
366
SMITHFIELD.
Portrait of J. E. Bullock .
between 370, 371
Dr. Darius Bullock . .
"
370, 371
Rev. C. C. Cerss
"
370, 371
SPRINGFIELD.
Residence of Capt. John Salisbury (with pertraits) . facing 375 -
R. B. Young 6
i
378
Hosea Kennedy (with portrait) . 377
STANDING STONE.
Res. of N. Stevens (with ports., Asa Stevens and Wife) facing 379
J. J. Stevens (with portraits) between 380, 381
Achitius Stevens " 380, 381
TERRY.
· facing 382 Residence of Dr. Gce. E. Ilorten (with portraits) 385
TOWANDA.
Portrait of Mrs. Elizabeth Means
386
View of Court-House .
facing 389 -
Portrait of J. C. Adams
390
James Elliett
391
Residence of the late Gen. Wm. Patton
392
"Ward Heusc," J. O. Ward Portrait of Hon. C. L. Ward (stecl) 396
392
David F. Barstow
399
William H. Foster
399
E. H. Mason, M.D. .
399
" 330, 331
PAGE
Residence of Cyrus Cook (with portraits) .
John W. Payson
Portraits of Nathaniel Chubbuck and Wife
A. G. Mathews and Wife .
333
Residence of Horace W. Barnes ( with portraits)
George Lyon (with portraits)
335
PIKE.
Residence of Hon. P. H. Buck, Le Raysville facing 336 --
W. S. Davis (with portraits)
337
H. B. Chaffee
Mra. A. E. Smith
339
Chandler Canfield
"
340
Portrait of Joshua Burrows
.
.
" 341
Residence of Joseph Haigh (with ports.) double page, bet. 342, 343
Portrait of Le Ray de Chaumont
facing
343
Residence ef. John Black ( with portraits)
344
Dr. C. S. Dusenbery (with portraits) facing 345
ROME.
Portraits of Sylvester and Allen W. Barns .
between 348, 349
Property of R. S. Barns (with portraits) .
"
348, 349
Portrait of P. P. Bliss 351 .
Residence of. S. W. Elliott (with portraits) facing 352
Portrait of Peter Vought
" 354
Residence of Joseph Seely (with portraits)
355
SHESHEQUIN.
The Gore Homestead, with portrait of Geo. C. Gore .
facing
356
Residence of Wm. Snyder (with portraits)
S
.
358 -
Jes. Towner, with portraits of Enoch Towner and Th -. Gerould . facing 360
Property of Charles Chaffe (with pors.) double page, bet. 362, 363
Residence of the late M. M. Marshall ( with portraits)
308
GRANVILLE.
Property of Adam Innes (with portraits), double page bet. 310, 311
LITCHFIELD.
Residence of Wm. Campbell 278
facing
John Fitler (with portraits) .
Stephen Evans .
316
Portraits of Alsup Baldwin and Wife 316
Residence of A. D. Munn (with portraits) . 317
Portraits of David Mckinney and Wife 318
Residence of Heury Mckinney (with portraits) Portrait of Samuel P. Wolcott .
facing 318
319
MONROE.
Residence of Wm. W. Fowler facing 319
J. F. Woodruff
= 320
66 D. Cook
" 320
Charles Marcy (with portraits)
between 322, 323
= Freeman Swect
322, 323
NORTH TOWANDA.
Residence of Silas Mills (with portraits) .
Horace Granger (with portrait)
Roderick Granger
324, 325
16 Ezra Rutty (with portraits) . facing 326
ORWELL.
Residence of Geo. C. Frisbie (with pertraits) .
between 328, 329
Portraits of Chauncey and Z. Frisbie 328, 329
Portrait of James Cleveland facing 329
Residence of Henry Gibbs (with portraits) between 330, 331
Gce. W. Brown
" 330, 331
Samuel Houston, M.D.
399
between 330, 331 -
facing 332
333 -
Portrait of John Horten (steel) . .
facing 323 --
between 324, 325
66 Isaac Lyens
PAGE
334
338
315
5
CONTENTS.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAOE
Residenoc of Stephen A. Mills (with portraits) . facing 400
Portrait of Edw. Overton, Sr. (steel) .
402
W. Watkins
between 402, 403
Hon. J. G. Patton
facing
403
Andrew Dewing
430
John Beardslee (doublo page) between 430, 43I
Portraits of Dr. F. G. Morrow and Wife
facing 432
WEST BURLINGTON.
Residence of Shep. Il. Ballard .
between 432, 433
J. B. Mckean (with pertraits)
.
facing 434
Thes. Blackwell
between 434, 435
M. J. Hilton
434, 435
WILMOT.
Portrait of Mrs. Sally Morrow (stecl) ·
facing 437
Residence and Drug-stere of Dr. P. A. Quick
458
Residence of J. W. Ingham, Sugar Run .
440
WINDHAM.
Residence of J. O. Dawes
facing 438
WYALUSING.
Portrait of Rev. David Craft (steel) . facing 441
Portraits of John Ingham and wife .
442
Portrait of John Elliott
Justus Lewis
447
"
I. N. Pomeroy
416, 417
Eli B. Parsons
.
.
417
Residence of J. V. Ballard (with portraits) between 432, 433
TUSCARORA.
Portrait of Bela Cogswell . . 421
ULSTER.
Residence of G. H. Van Dyke ( with portraits) facing 422
Jas. Van Dyke
" 424
Portraits of Simmons C. Hovey and Wife
. 427
Portrait of Mary Ann Lockwood
427
WARREN.
PAO E.
Residenco of the late Benjamin Lyon (with portraits) facing 428 -
Nathan Young, Esq. =
429
Gen. Wm. Patton
403
Portrait of Hon. P. D. Morrow
facing
404
Res. of Mrs. O. M. Smith, and portrait of E. HI. Smith, 405
Portrait of John A. Codding
406
Hon. David Wilmot .
407
TROY.
View of First Presbyterian Church . facing 408
Residence of Horace Pomeroy
between 410, 411
S. W. Pomeroy
John McKean
412, 413
412, 413
412, 413
Portrait of Alfred Parsons
= 412, 413
Dummer Lilley
facing 413
Orin P. Ballard
between 414, 415
Portraits of Renben Wilbur and Wife
414, 415
Uel Porter and Wife facing 415 -
The Old Kingsley House
.
443 -
Second Presbyterian Church
.
449
Residence of L. P. Stalferd (with portraits) facing 444
" Mrs. Bascem Taylor (with portraits) between 448, 449 Old Homestead of C. Homet (with portrait) facing 452
Residence of E. R. Vaughan (with portraits)
"
450
J. R. Taylor
440
WYSOX.
" Hillside Farm," Residence of S. and E. G. Gowen . facing 458 facing 457 " Valley Farm," Residence of Stephen Strickland, Jr. (with portraits) .
BIOGRAPHICAL.
PAGE
PAGE
Col. John Franklin
101-
Henry Mckinney
318 --
Stephen W. Alverd
Ezra Rutty .
326 ...
Judson Holcomb
189
Chauncey Frisbie
between 328, 329
Zephon F. Walker
between 272, 273
James Cleveland
facing 329
John Shepard
279
Nathan Payson
332
Hon. Edward Herrick
280
Joel Cook .
333
E. P. Allen, M.D.
281
George W. Brown
333
David and Clement Paine .
282
Joshua Burrows
facing 34]
Michael Coleman
between 282, 283
Joseph Haigh
343
Charles McDuffee
285
Lehbens Smith
344
Joseph Mckinney
285
John Black
344
Chester Stevens
286
Wilson Canfield
344
William S. Jayne
facing 296
William S. Davis
344
Col. Irad Wilson
between 296, 297
Horace B. Chaffee
344
Capt. C. S. Sellard
299
C. S. Dusenhury, M.D.
345
Deacon Sylvester Barns
between 348, 349
Samuel Strait
300
Peter Vought
facing 354
S. A. Taylor
300
Deacon Stephen Cranmer
. 354
William Lawrence
300
Joseph Scely
. 355
Wm. H. Bates
. . 300
Ebenezer Shaw
facing 364
Thomas Williams
30I
Jesse Brown
365
George W. Griffin
301
Col. Franklin Blackman
366
Joel Stevens
facing 302
J. E. Bullock
between 370, 37I
373
Adam Innis
Hesea Kennedy
377
-Samuel P. Wolcott
316
John Salisbury
378
A. D. Munn
. 317
Russell B. Young
378
"
306
Rev. Charles C. Corss
Peleg Peck
311 -
Ichabod Sellard
299
188
. Portraits of John McKean and Wife
Allen Taylor and Wife .
410, 411 --
Portrait of D. F. Pomeroy (stecl)
between 416, 417 -
446
6
CONTENTS.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
PAGE
PAGE
George F. Horton, M.D.
385
Uel Porter .
facing
415 .
J. C. Adams
facing
390
Major Ezra Long
James Elliott
391
Silas E. Shepard, D.D.
415
David F. Barstow
399
Daniel F. Pomeroy
416
Stephen A. Mills
400-
Col. I. N. Pomeroy
417
William H. Foster
401
Eli B. Parsons .
417
Eliphalet H. Mason, M.D.
401
Rev. Bela Cogswell
421
Samuel C. Houston, M.D.
402/
George H. Van Dyke.
426
Edward Overton, Sr.
402
Simmons C. Hovey .
427
William Watkins
between 402, 403
Mrs. Mary Ann Lock wood
427
Hon. J. G. Patton
facing
403 -
John Beardslee .
431
Gen. William Patton .
403
Nathan Young .
431
Hon. Paul D. Morrow
. 404
Andrew Dewing .
. 431
Horace Granger
405
F. G. Morrow, M.D. .
faoing
432
Erastus H. Smith
405
.
434
John A. Codding
406 .
John Ingham
facing
442
Hon. David Wilmot
Justus Lewis
446
John McKean .
between 412, 413
John Elliott
447
Allen Taylor
412, 413 -
Bascom Taylor .
450
Alfred Parsons .
66 412, 413
Henry Gaylord .
. 450
Dummer Lilley .
facing 413
E. R. Vaughan .
451
Orin P. Ballard .
between 414, 415
Charles Homet
452
Hon. Reuben Wilbur .
414, 415
Hon. L. P. Stalford
452
.
.
406
Gen. Samuel Mckean
415 -
PREFACE.
THIS work, which has for some time attracted considerable attention from the people of Bradford County, is now ready to be placed in their hands to receive their approval or disapprobation, according, as in the · judgment of the reader, it is meritorious or otherwise. The author will not deny that it is with some degree of trepidation that he presents the fruits of his labor for the criticism of the public, but he indulges the hope that a community which has been so deeply interested in its production, will be equally generous to forgive any imperfections they may discover. The writing of a history is like building a house, it is never done, but done or undone, must be used some time. No one can be more certain of the extent in which the work is undone than the author. Some things, however, he feels that justice to himself and to others require to be said.
The plan of the work is somewhat different from that usually followed in similar histories. Instead of making as little of the general history as possible, and throwing the bulk of the material into township annals, he has pursued exactly an opposite course ; just as little has been put into the account of the town- ships as could be well done; those things only are found there which were strictly local. Great pains have been taken to insure accuracy. It has been the author's purpose if mistakes were made at all, that they should be in omitting what might be said, and not in saying what was not true; but with all the pains taken to secure accuracy, mistakes will doubtless be found. There will also be things in the book which will not be of interest to some, and others will be disappointed that other things were not mentioned. In the make- up of a book no two persons of equal intelligence will exactly agree. It must be a matter of taste and judgment with the author.
One of the things in which special interest has been taken, was to obtain a complete military record of every man who went from Bradford County into the army of the Union. A couple of years since, circulars were published in the newspapers of the county asking for information, and in many cases letters were written, making personal solicitations of friends to furnish this information from their respective neighbor- hoods. While in a few cases responses have been prompt, and the lists complete, or nearly so, others were sadly defective and imperfect, while in a great majority of cases no answer whatever was made to the call. In two instances,-and one of these where it was supposed most pains would be taken, and the list would be most complete,-though retained to the last moment, they were sent with only the simple names, without rank, name of regiment or company, date of muster or discharge, or any remarks of any sort whatever. To print such lists as a complete roster of the soldiers of Bradford would be an insult to the living and a reproach to the dead. The plan which the author had cherished, and which he still believes would have been far preferable to any other, was to have given the rosters at the end of each township. This, how- ever, was simply impossible. The only thing which could be done was to take Bates' Reports as the basis, making such corrections and additions as the material in hand should suggest.
7
8
PREFACE.
Effort has been made to reach bottom facts, and the author has but little fear that any future worker will get below him. In the other things which give value to a local history,-the early settlers, the associations into which they entered, whether religious, social, or political, and statistics,-it is hoped nothing more will be wished.
The author is under personal obligations to numerous citizens of the county, who have freely and cheer- fully made contributions to our history. For such contributions Messrs. O. D. Fields, of Armenia, Edward Herrick, Esq., of Athens, A. T. Lilley, of Le Roy, Dr. G. F. Horton, of Terry, C. C. Payne, of Troy, Rev. C. E. Taylor, of Whitney's Point, O. N. Worden, of New Milford, Pa., James D. Ridgway, of Franklin, Rev. J. Jewell, of Troy, and numerous others, as well as the press generally, thanks are due. He is under especial obligations to H. B. Peirce, Esq., on the staff of the publishers' historical corps, for most valuable assistance, who freely gave his time and the results of his large experience to various parts of the work, and whose suggestions and services are entitled to the thanks of its patrons.
To the publishers great credit is due for the energy, liberality, and skill they have exhibited in bringing out the work. They have, without stint or complaint, cheerfully furnished the author all the assistance in their power, and, at a personal sacrifice, have complied with his suggestions in the matter of illustrations, furnishing a considerable number of valuable portraits of old or important citizens at his request. Whatever may be thought of the matter contained in the work, the dress, illustrations, typography, and press-work are in the best style.
The History of Bradford County has passed through the fire, not of adverse criticism, but of consuming flames. In the great fire of March 26 the bindery was destroyed, and with it much of the printed history. Immediately an extra force was obtained, and the presses have been run night and day, so what would, in many instances, have seriously delayed or indefinitely postponed so large a work as this, has not deferred its publication for a single day.
To the author, the preparation of this work has been a labor of love, and with a feeling somewhat akin to that with which a father parts with a child going from the paternal roof-tree to seek fame and fortune in this busy world of competition and strife, so he parts with this, commending it to the sons and daughters of the heroic pioneers of " Old Bradford," whose names and virtues he has endeavored to embalm, and to whose memory this feeble production is most respectfully dedicated by
THE AUTHOR.
.
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HISTORY
OF
BRADFORD COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
BY REV. DAVID CRAFT.
CHAPTER I.
THE ABORIGINES.
WHEN this continent first became known to the Eu- ropean nations, it was well-nigh a solitary and unbroken wilderness. No axe had felled a tree, no plowshare had broken its soil, no commerce had traversed its great natural highways of inland seas and far-reaching rivers. Here and there, in some favored locality, might be found clustered, with the utmost irregularity, a few wigwams of the red men, the original tenants of the soil, with patches of maize, beans, and squashes, cultivated by the women ; now and then might be met a party of begrimed and frightfully painted warriors, either going to or returning from some maraud; and in the autumn time might be seen companies of men, women, and children encamped at the favorite re- sorts of game, seeking stores of food for winter use; but the general appearance of the country was that of a vast, uninhabited, uncultivated domain of unbounded luxuriance and fertility. Bancroft remarks,* that a man might travel for weeks without meeting a single human being ; that the diminution of the native population is far less than has usually been supposed; they have been exiled, not exter- minated. The tribes may have been lost, but the people who composed them have been received into others. This author estimates the whole number of the aborigines within the bounds of the United States east of the Mississippi, two hundred years ago, at not far from one hundred and eighty thousand souls, which is about three times the present population of Bradford County.
The traveler who now passes up and down this beautiful Susquehanna valley, observes its well-cultivated farms, its thriving villages, its numerous schools and churches, its beautiful residences and delightful landscapes, the every- where present tokens of thrift, refinement, and culture, can hardly imagine that less than a century and a half ago this whole valley had never been visited by a white man, unless it were sonie adventurous trader, who has left us no record
of his daring journey into a wild and unbroken wilderness. It was, however, familiar ground to the red man. Here had been the dwellings of his people for untold generations. Here were the paths his feet had trod, whose marks a cen- tury has not been able wholly to obliterate ; here his bones still lie in the soil; here the earth was stained with his blood shed in the fierce encounter ; and here, in after-times, many of them bowed in humble, reverent faith upon the Son of God, endured hardness as good soldiers of Jesus Christ, and bear record that they were found faithful unto death. To briefly sketch a portion of the history of these aboriginal inhabitants of our county, a few pages must be devoted.
Although possessing many common characteristics from which a unity of origin may be inferred, yet owing to dif- ferences of language, law, and locality, the Indians were divided into families, nations, clans, and villages.
As the design of this work will confine our account to the people who from time to time were actual occupants of our soil, no detailed statements of general Indian history can here be given.t
It is utterly impossible to follow up the stream of abo- riginal history farther than the period when the country first became known to the Europeans. The reason for this is twofold. First, the Indian had no written language. All he knew of the past was what he had received in the uncertain and fanciful traditions of his ancestors, whose vague and contradictory accounts at the best only suggest the merest conjectures. And then, for a long time previous to its discovery, the whole continent had been " the scene of widespread revolution. North and south, tribe was giving place to tribe, language to language ; for the Indian, hopelessly unchanging in respect to individual and social development, was, as regarded tribal relations and local haunts, mutable as the wind." To note these local haunts, mutations, and the social character of the tribes who once
t For further information the reader is referred to De Schweinitz's " Life and Times of Zeisborger;" Parkman's "Jesnits in North America;" " Pontiac Conspiracy ;" Bancroft's " History of the United States," vol. iii .; Morgan's " Iroquois League ;" Schoolcraft, Hecke- welder, and others.
# History of the United States, iii., p. 253.
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HISTORY OF BRADFORD COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
made their home in these valleys, is all that can be at- tempted.
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