USA > Pennsylvania > Bradford County > History of Bradford County, Pennsylvania, with Illustrations and biographical sketches > Part 54
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Martin D. llardin, col. ; promoted .to lieut .- col., April 1, 1862 ; to col., Aag. 1, 1862 ; to brig .- gen., July 2, 1864; mustered out, Jan. 15, 1866; appointed maj., 43d U. S. Inf., July 28, 1866.
Samuel N. Bailey, lieut .- col., July 25, 1861; discharged, March 4, 1862.
Peter Baldy, lieut .- col., July 25, 1861; promoted from maj. to licut .- col., Aug. 1, 1862; discharged, Feb. 15. 1863.
Richard Gustin, lieut .- col., June 11, 1861 ; promoted from capt. C'o. C, to lieut .- col., April 6, 1863; mustered out with regiment.
Andrew J. Bolar, maj., July 14, 1861 ; promoted from capt., Co. H, to maj., Jaly 8, 1862; discharged for wounds received in action, June 30, 1864.
Charles W. Diven, maj., June 25, 1861 ; promoted from capt., Co. G, to maj., April 19, 1864; mustered out with regiment.
Theo. MeMurtrie, adjt., Dec. 5, IS61; transforred to Vet. Res. Corps, Oct. 18, 1863.
Etinee D. Reed, quar .- mast., July 25, 1861; discharged and pro- moted to capt. and A. C. S. Vols.
James T. Woodall, quar .- mast., Sept. 22, 1862 ; promoted from priv. to quar .- mast. sergt., to capt. ; absent on duty with provisional in field.
Wm. Il. Thorne, surg., July 25, 1861; promoted to brig. surg., April 28, 1862 ; discharged, May 3, 1862.
Isaac J. Clark, surg., April 28, 1862; promoted from asst. surg., May 1, 1862 ; mustered out with regimeot.
Jno. B. Crawford, asst. surg., Feb. 18, 1862; discharged on surg. certificate, Sept. 18, 1862.
Wm. Taylor, asst. surg., July 26, 1862; resigned, Dec. 20, 1862.
James M. Shearer, asst. surg., April 11, 1863; discharged on surg. certificate, Aug. 18, 1863.
Henry A. Grim, asst. surg., Oct. 6, 1862 ; promoted to surg., 34th Regt., P. V., April 13, 1864.
David R. Beaver, asst. surg., April 13, 1864; mustered out with regiment.
Obadiah H. Miller, chap., June 18, 1862; resigned, June 19, 1863. Wm. Myers, sergt .- maj., July 24, 1861 ; promoted to 1st lieut., Co. 1, April 21, 1863.
Joseph W. Eekley, sergt .- maj., June 25, 1861; transferred to Co. F, as sergt., Feb. 16, 1864.
James Loan, quar .- mast. sergt., June 13, 1861 ; mustered out with regiment.
C. W. Croasdale, quar .- mast. sergt., May 30, 1861; promoted to Ist lieut., Co. A, May 1, 1863.
Henry Kraft, com .- sergt., May 15, 1861 ; promoted from priv., Co. D, to com .- sergt. ; mustered out with regiment.
John Evans, hos. stwd., July 24, 1861 ; mustered out with regiment. Jno. C. Eckert, prin. mus., June 15, 1861; mustered out with regiment.
Company C.
Richard Gustin, capt., June 11, 1861 ; promoted to lieut .- col., April 6, 1863.
Henry S. Lucas, capt., June 11, 1861 ; promoted to capt., April 6, 1863 ; mustered out with regiment.
Daniel R. Jewell, Ist lieut., June 11, 1861 ; promoted to 1st lieut., May 14, 1863 ; mustered out with regiment.
Oscar Templeton, 2d lieut., June 11, 1861 ; resigned Aug. 10, 1861. Jacob B. Grantier, 2d lieut., Jone 11, 1861; promoted to 2d lieat., Sept. 8, 1861 ; resigned Aug. 11, 1862.
John G. Rahm, 2d lieut., June 15, 1861; promoted to 2d lieut., May 1, 1863; mustered out with regiment.
TIIE FIFTIETH REGIMENT, P. V.
The 50th Regt. was recruited in the counties of Berks, Schuylkill, Bradford, Susquehanna, Lancaster, and Luzerne, and rendezvoused at Camp Curtin. Two companies from Bradford were in this regiment, Capt. William H. Telford's (G) and Capt. James B. Ingham's (K) ; the first recruited at Towanda and the other at Monroe. The regiment was organized Sept. 25, 1861, by the choice of Benjamin C. Christ, of Schuylkill Co., colonel; Thomas S. Brenholtz, of Berks Co., lieut .- colonel; Edward Overton, Jr., of Towanda, major.
The State colors were presented by Governor Curtin, Oct. 1.
From Harrisburg the regiment proceeded, Oct. 2, to Washington, where it encamped on Kalorama Heights un- til the 9th, and thence moved to Annapolis, where it was assigned to Stevens' Brigade of T. W. Sherman's Corps, about fitting out for an expedition to South Carolina. The brigade consisted of the 79th Regt., New York Vols., Col. Isaac I. Stevens; 100th Pennsylvania Vols., Col. Daniel Leasure ; 8th Michigan Vols., Col. Wm. M. Fenton; and the 50th Pennsylvania Vols., Col. Christ.
The regiment embarked Oct. 19, upon the transports, the right wing companies, A to E inclusive, under command of
* The date iu each case given after the rank is that of muster into service.
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IIISTORY OF BRADFORD COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
Col. Christ, on the " Winfield Scott," and the left wing on the "Ocean Queen." On the night of Nov. 1 a heavy gale was encountered off Cape Hatteras, and the "Scott," prov- ing unseaworthy, was only saved by the superhuman efforts of the soldiers, after being deserted by a portion of hier offi- cers and crew.
After the capture of the forts at Hilton Head by Ad- miral Dupont, the regiment went into camp upon the island, and was employed in building fortifications. Dec. 6 it proceeded to Beanfort, and was the first regiment to occupy that place. The same night of its arrival it had its first experience in combat, in a skirmish in which the enemy were driven off the island to return no more. A few per- sons were wounded on both sides.
On January 1, 1862, the brigade crossed the Coosaw and captured a fort in process of construction at Port Royal Ferry, and two heavy guns, driving the enemy off and destroying the fort. This was the first engagement in force of the brigade, and was known as the battle of the Coosaw.
On May 29, Gen. Stevens was ordered to join Gen. Hunter in his demonstrations against Charleston, and Col. Christ, with his own regiment, two companies of the 1st Massachusetts cavalry, and a section of artillery, was ordered to move upon the mainland and burn the railroad bridge near Pocotaligo. "Leaving Beaufort in the evening, the command erossed the ferry at daylight, and soon found the enemy well posted on the opposite side of the stream, near Old Pocotaligo. The approach to this place was by a nar- row causeway, a fourth of a mile long, flanked on either side by a marsh through which a sluggish stream winds. The enemy had removed the planks from the bridge span- ning it, and a crossing could only be effected by running the gauntlet of the causeway, and walking the stringers which still remained. For some time firing was kept up from the opposite side of the stream. but it soon became evident that the enemy could only be dislodged by crossing. At this juncture Capt. Charles Parker, of Co. H, volun- teered to brave the danger of the causeway, risk the in- secure footing upon the stringers of the bridge, and lead his men over. The feat was accomplished, and six com- panies passed successfully. Under command of Lieut .- Col. Brenholtz they drove the enemy, and the bridge was quickly re-planked. The cavalry under Maj. Higginson was imme- diately ordered in pursuit, but the enemy had taken refuge in a wood where cavalry could not operate, and the infantry was too much fatigued to follow. The delay had given time for the enemy to be reinforced, and the ammunition was nearly expended, and it was accordingly determined to return." The loss was four killed and nine wounded, among the former being Capt. Parker, who was pierced by three rifle-balls while cheering his men on the perilous pas- sage of the bridge. A large force of the enemy followed the command on its return. . The weather was intensely hot, and for one day and two nights the men marched with scarcely a halt, except while engaging the enemy.
The 50th remained at Beaufort until July 12, when it was ordered to Fortress Monroe, where it was incorporated with the 9th Corps, under Gen. Burnside, who had just then returned from his highly-successful operations in North Carolina. In Pope's campaign, the regiment was under
command of Lieut-Col. Brenholtz; Col. Christ being in command of the brigade. The brigade skirmished with the head of Lee's column at the fords of the Rapidan and Rappahannock. On the first day at Bull Run, Col. Christ's Brigade was attached to Schurz's Division of Sigel's Corps, and was engaged during the greater part of the day, occu- pying a position on the right wing of the army, and driving the enemy at several points, sustaining heavy loss. At night the brigade returned to Stevens' Division. Capt. Dimock says, " In the second day's fight we lost less but fought harder. Stevens' Brigade drove the whole line in front of it, and we supposed we had gained a victory. I heard Capt. Lusk, aid to Gen. Stevens, order Col. Christ to bring his men out of the woods. He did so, faced his men towards the enemy, and ordered rest, after giving three cheers for victory. We had scarcely laid down before Capt. Lusk returned in great excitement, exclaiming, 'For God's sake, Col. Christ, get your men away from here!' We now observed as it grew dark that the fighting to the right and left of us was terrifie, that the two wings were driven far back of us, and that we were nearly inclosed as in a horseshoe. We made a hasty retreat, and were soon after joined by Gen. Stevens, who said that the 8th Michigan was still missing. In less than five minutes after his arrival a volley from the enemy forced us again to fall back."
The regiment did not leave the field until nine o'clock at night, and in every enconnter with the enemy during the two days drove him back. The loss was 5 killed, 6 severely wounded, and a number taken prisoners. Lieut. Charles H. Kellogg, of Co. K, was killed, and Lieut .- Col. Brenholtz was wounded.
At the battle of Chantilly, Aug. 1, the regiment was led by Maj. Overton, and its conduct was not execlled for gal- lantry. Its loss was 7 killed, and those, with its wounded and missing, were one-fourth of the entire number that entered the fight. The brigade was early in the fight, and drove the enemy, holding every advantage gained until re- lieved. Gen. Stevens was killed while carrying the colors of the 79th (Highlanders) Regt., after several color-bearers had been shot down.
At South Mountain the 50th, under command of Maj. Overton, with Ohio troops, charged the enemy and drove him from the field. On Aug. 16 the regiment arrived at Antietam, and Maj. Overton, with his own and the 28th Massachusetts, proceeded at night to the support of the " Ira Harris Cavalry," which was to connect Gen. Burn- side's left with the troops of Gen. Franklin, and remained on duty during the night, rejoining the brigade on the 17th. On the advance of Burnside's Corps, it crossed the stone bridge and drove the enemy back. The brigade charged with great spirit and gallantry, and attained a position in advance of the Union lines, and though exposed to a terrible cross-fire of artillery, it maintained the position until the enemy was foreed to retreat. In the midst of the fight Maj. Overton fell, severely wounded, and the command devolved on Capt. Diehl. The loss was 7 killed and as many severely wounded ; Capt. James B. Ingham, of Co. K, being killed.
The regiment was present at the battle of Fredericksburg, but not actively engaged.
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HISTORY OF BRADFORD COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
The 9th Corps was, after Burnside was relieved of the command of the Army of the Potomac, transferred to the Army of the Ohio, and participated in the Vicksburg cam- paign of Gen. Grant. During the progress of the siege the 50th was posted at Haine's Bluff, and after the fall of Vicksburg participated in Gen. Sherman's campaign to Jackson. In the battle ending in the occupancy of that place the regiment was deployed as skirmishers in a very exposed situation, and here its commanding officer, Lieut .- Col. Brenholtz, while gallantly leading his men before the enemy's works, was mortally wounded.
On Aug. 10 the regiment left Mississippi for Kentucky, and in September moved across the mountains via Cumber- land Gap to Knoxville, having but 80 men present for duty. The rest were in hospitals, suffering from wounds received in battle or from malarious diseases contracted in Missis- sippi. Of the 80, nearly all had chills and fever.
While at Knoxville the sick men recovered, and those left in hospitals continually increased the numbers of the regiment by their return to duty. While at Knoxville, also, a force of the enemy entered East Tennessee from Virginia, which drove back to Blue Springs the 23d Corps, which had been sent to repel it. At this point the corps made an obstinate stand, and Christ's and Morrison's brigades were promptly sent to reinforce the Union columns. The regiment arrived on the field Oct. 10, and was imme- diately brought into position on the left of the front line. The enemy were charged, driven back in confusion, and pursued to a point near the Virginia line. It was estimated that the enemy's force was double that of the Union force. The loss of the regiment was inconsiderable.
When Longstreet advanced from Chattanooga with heavy force along the Tennessee railroad, the 50th was in winter quarters at Lenoir Station, and was heavily engaged with the enemy nearly all one day. The retreat was made as effective as possible in checking the advance of Longstreet until the Union forces were all drawn into Knoxville safely. The regiment made its last stand at Campbell's Station, but so close did the enemy follow in pursuit that all the baggage of the officers and the papers of the regiment were de- stroyed to lessen impediments to progress.
" The 50th reached Knoxville at daylight, Nov. 17, and immediately commenced fortifying. The labor was very severe; the men being constantly on duty, and obliged to subsist on quarter rations, consisting of fresh pork and corn-cob bread. The regiment occupied a central position on the left wing, in rifle-pits, a part of the time so near to the enemy that conversation with his men was not an uncommon occurrence. On Nov. 29, at early dawn, the enemy charged Fort Sanders. The 50th held a position just to the right of the fort, and two companies were sent to assist the garrison in repelling the charge. The attack was made with great impetuosity, and sustained with un- flinching valor, but was repelled with terrible slaughter, and on Dec. 5 the siege was raised. Longstreet retreated in the direction of Virginia, and the regiment moved in pur- suit, skirmishing with his rear-guard until it reached Blaine's Cross-Roads, where it went into camp."
On January 1, 1864, nearly the entire regiment re-en- listed, to the number of about 300 men, and was ordered
to Nicholasville, Ky. "The men had drawn no clothing or shoes from September to January, and very few were sup- plied with blankets. Their suffering during December and January was intense, but they endured it heroically. On Christmas-day they had nothing to eat until evening, and then only a part of a ration. The march to Nicholasville, a distance of two hundred miles, was performed in ten days. Many of the men were barefoot, and the carth covered with snow. Before leaving camp they had drawn thirty raw hides, from which they made moccasins; but during the middle of the day, when the roads were soft, the green hide became pliable, and so stretched that they could not be kept on the feet. As they passed over the rough roads of the mountain regions, the chilling blasts of winter swept their shivering ranks, and to add to their distresses, they were nearly perishing with hunger." They drew clothing and rations at Nicholasville, and soon after departed for Pennsylvania, arriving at Harrisburg, Feb. 6, where they were given a veteran furlough, and departed for their homes.
March 29, the regiment rendezvoused at Annapolis, where it was recruited to the minimum standard, was fully reorganized and drilled, and assigned to the 2d Brigade of the 1st Division of the 9th Corps. President Lincoln reviewed the regiment on its passage through Washington, on its way to the Rapidan and the campaign on Richmond, where it arrived May 5. On the following morning it was heavily engaged in the battle of the Wilderness, which continued all day, losing 17 killed and 53 wounded and missing. The 50th constituted the rear-guard to the corps in moving from the field, and was closely followed by the enemy's cavalry. On the 9th it was engaged at Ny River, near Spottsylvania Conrt-House, Christ's Brigade carrying the heights in front. The 50th, led by Lieut .- Col. Overton, with fixed bayonets, charged up the steep ascent, and routed a greatly superior force of the enemy, but gained the success at a most fearful cost, losing in killed, wounded, and missing, 120 men, among the killed being Capt. H. E. Cleveland, of Co. H. The regiment was much commended for its gallant conduct, and its credit of success justly awarded.
On the 12th, the regiment had a desperate encounter, hand to hand with the foe, its loss being. considerable ; Adjutant Henry T. Kendall, 3 sergeants, and 25 privates being taken prisoners.
From the Ny river to the North Anna, and thence to Cold Harbor, it was almost daily engaged, losing a few men killed and wounded. At the latter place, on June 2, the 50th was in front, and suffered severely, having 8 men killed. It crossed the Chickahominy on the 12th, and was soon in line before Petersburg. On the 18th Col. Christ was wounded, and Capt. Henry A. Lantz, of Co. E, and several men were killed. It performed picket duty before Petersburg from June 21 to July 25, when, being relieved by colored troops, it moved to the extreme left of the Union lines for the same duty. On the morning of June 30, it supported the troops led to the charge on the explo- sion of the mine at Petersburg, reaching the crater, but with the other troops was forced back, losing 3 killed and a number wounded. Remaining in works in front of the ruined fort until Aug. 19, it moved to the Weldon rail-
215
HISTORY OF BRADFORD COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
road, where at four P.M. it was attacked, Sergt. Charles Brown, of Co. C, capturing one of the enemy's colors in the engagement that ensued. On the following day it re- pulsed another attack, and from that time forward to the end of the month marching, fortifying, and fighting had little interruption. On August 30, Col. Christ, Lieut .- Col. Overton, and about 30 men were honorably discharged, their term of service having expired. Until -October 12, the regiment remained on the front, actively engaged, at which date 147 new recruits were received, and the next two weeks were spent in eamp, for drill and discipline. It moved to the front again on the 27th, and remained on duty till Nov. 29, and then went into winter-quarters at Fort McGilvry, in the immediate front of Petersburg.
Capt. Samuel K. Schwenk, severely wounded at Cold Harbor, returned to the regiment February, 1865, and as- sumed eommand, having been promoted to be major. On the surprise and capture of Fort Steadman, March 25, Maj. Schwenk leaving a thin skirmish-line upon his front, hastened with his regiment to the seene of confliet, for which prompt aetion he was complimented by his superior offiecrs.
On April 1, when the Union lines began to close in upon the rebel works, and during the 2d and 3d, the 50th was engaged, and among the first regiments to reach Petersburg upon its fall. It moved to City Point on the 15th, and thence by boat to Washington, where it remained till June 30. Upon the recommendation of Lieut .- Gen. Grant, the 50th Regt. was ordered to represent the infantry of the army in the ceremonies attending the laying of the corner- stone of the national monument at Gettysburg on the 4th of July. From Gettysburg it went into eamp near Georgc- town, where, on July 31, it was mustered out of service. Capt. W. H. Telford, of Co. G, was taken prisoner at Spottsylvania with 16 men of his company, and marched to Gordonsville, and from thence he was taken to Macon, Ga. When near the latter place, he effceted his escape from the car in which he was confined, while it was in motion, by sawing through the floor of the same, but was pursued with bloodhounds and retaken. He was moved from Macon to Charleston, S. C., and, with several hun- dred other Union officers, placed under fire from the Union batteries, as hostages for the exemption of the city from bombardment. An order eoming for his removal to Colum- bia, S. C., he procured a rebel uniform, and while being marched through the streets to the railroad depot left the ranks and took refuge in the rooms of a daguerrean artist. From there he went to the room of a Union man in Charleston, by whom he was secreted eight weeks. Having procured a pass for Pocotaligo, he attempted to leave the city, but was recognized at the bridge and taken back to prison, and removed to Columbia, where he stayed but four days, and then made his escapc. Dressed in citizen's clothes, he made the acquaintance of a drover, and travelcd with him three days, stopping nights at the planters' houses, and finally reaching Charleston, where he was again secreted six weeks. He made several unsuccessful attempts to leave the city, and, finally, on the morning of Jan. 11, 1865, having previously procured a pass, he suc- ceeded in reaching the rebel lines near Cooshatchie, where
a Union man in the rebel army directed him where to find the Uuion pickets. Having passed the rebel pickets with four others, he reached the Union lines in Foster's com- mand on the morning of the 12th.
FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS.#
Benjamin C. Christ, col., July 27, 1861 ; promoted to brev. hrig .- gen., Aug. 1, 1864 ; mustered out, Sept. 30, 1864.
Wm. H. Telford, col., Aug. 8, 1861; promoted from capt., Co. G., to licut .- col., Fob. 8, 1865 ; to col., May 15, 1865 ; mustered uut with regiment.
Thos. S. Brenholtz, lient .- eul., Sept. 16, 1861 ; promoted from capt., Co. H, Sept. 30, 186] ; died Aug. 19, 1863, of wounds received at Jackson, Miss., July 16, 1863.
Edward Overton, Jr., lieut .- col., Sept. 30, 1861; promoted from maj. to lieut .- col., Dee. 15, 1863 ; mustered out, Sept. 30, 1864, at ex- piration of term of service.
Sam'l K. Schwenk, lient .- col., Aug. 19, 1861 ; promoted from maj. to liout .- col., May 15, 1865; to brev. col. and brig .- gen., July 24, 1865 ; mustered out with regiment.
Geo. W. Brumm, maj., Sept. 9, 1861; promoted from capt., Co. F, May 19, 1865; mustered out with regiment.
Henry T. Kendall, adj., Sept. 10, 1861 ; promoted from 1st lieut., Co. H, May 3, 1864 ; captured May 12, 1864; commissioned capt., Co. H, Jan. 19, 1865; not mustered ; discharged by special order, Feb. 11, 1865.
Lewis Crater, adj., Sept. 10, 1861 ; promoted from Ist lieut., Ce. F, April 16, 1865; mustered out with regiment. Vet.
Alfred Jones, quar .- mast., Sept. 10, 1861 ; captured, July, 1864; dis- charged hy special order, Mar. 22, 1865.
John S. Eckel, quar .- mast., April 1, 1862 ; promoted from 1st lieut., Co. C, Jan. 15, 1865 ; mustored out with regiment. Vet.
David J. McKibhen, surg., Sept. 14, 1861 ; promoted to brig .- surg., U. S. vols., Oct. 21, 1861.
C. J. Siemans, surg., March 7, 1862 ; resigned, March 16, 1864.
John M. Kollock, surg., July 25, 1862; promoted from asst. surg., 118th Reg. P. V., Sept. 3, 1864; resigned, June 20, 1865.
Joseph P. Viekers, asst. surg., Aug. 30, 1861 ; resigned, July 16, 1861.
Wm. P. Book, asst. surg., Aug. 1, 1862; mustered out, Sept. 30, 1864, expiration of service.
Frank P. Wilson, asst. surg., March 31, 1865 ; mustered out with regiment.
John F. Meredith, chap., April 22, 1862; discharged, Jan. 13, 1863. Halleek Ariustrong, chap., Feh. 24, 1865; mustered out with regi- ment.
Alexander P. Garrett, sergt .- maj., Sept. 9, 1861; promoted from sergt., Co. C, March 20, 1864 ; mustered out with regiment. Vet.
Thomas F. Foster, sergt .- maj., Sept. 6, 1861 ; promoted from corp., Co. D, to sergt .- maj. ; to 2d lient., Co. D, April 8, 1864. Vet.
Frank II. Barnhart, sergt .- maj., Sept. 19, 1861 ; promoted to 1st lient., Co. B, Nov. 26, 1864. Vet.
Alfred J. Stephens, sergt .- maj., Sept. 6, 1861 ; promoted from sergt., Co. D, Nov. 21, 1864; to Ist lieut., Co. B, March 21, 1865. Vet.
Henry A. Lantz, sergt .- maj., Sept. 36, 1861 ; promoted to 1st lieut., Co. E, Jan. 18, 1862.
Simon Clouser, quar .- mast .- sergt., Feh. 25, 1864; promuted from sergt., Co. K, May 9, 1865; mustered out with regiment. Vet.
Frank H. Forbes, quar .- mast .- sergt., Jan. 1, 1864; promoted to 2d lieut., Co. E, May 10, 1865. Vet.
John S. Eckel, quar .- mast .- sergt., April 1, 1862; promoted to 2d lient., Co. C, March 17, 1864.
Alfred W. Gift, com .- sergt., Sept. 13, 1861 ; promoted from priv., Co. E, March 21, 1865 ; mustered out with regiment. Vet.
Jonas Fanst, com .- sergt., Sept. 9, 1861 ; promoted from priv., Co.
A, Dec. 4, 1864; discharged on surgeon's certificate, May, 1865. Vet.
Lewis Crater, com .- sergt., Sept. 10, 1861 ; promoted from priv., Co. H, May 1, 1862; to Ist lieut., Co. F, Dec. 5, 1864. Vet.
# The date immediately following the rank is that of muster into service.
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HISTORY OF BRADFORD COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
Alex. Shaffer, hosp. stew., Sept. 10, 1861 ; promoted from priv., Co. G, Sept., 1861 ; mustered out with regimeat. Vet.
Wm. K. Schuckert, pria. mus., Sept. 10, 1861; promoted from mas., Co. A, Oct. 25, 1864; mustered out with regiment. Vet.
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