USA > Pennsylvania > Delaware County > Biographical and historical cyclopedia of Delaware County, Pennsylvania, comprising a historical sketch of the county > Part 13
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Jonathan Miller : 1846, John Sellers, jr .; 1847, Frederick Fairlamb : 1848, Jacob Parry ; 1849, Randall Bishop : 1850, William Eyre ; 1851, Lewis Miller; 1852, Randall Bishop, William Eyre, Lewis Miller : 1853, William Ogden ; 1854, Abraham P. Morgan: 1855, Walter Y. Hoopes: 1856, J. Lewis Garrett : 1857, William D. Pennell ; 1859-60, Robert E. Hannum, John D. White. Jacob Smedley : 1861, James H. Ogden : 1862, J. H. Omen- stetter : 1863, James Clowd : 1864, Walter Y. Hoopes : 1865, Samuel Dalton : 1866-67, Joseph Walter ; 1868, I. Hunter Moore : 1869, Curtis Cheyney : 1870, George Broomall : 1871, Eber Lewis, jr .; 1872, Daniel James ; 1873, Charles P. Walter ; 1874, Pearson Pike; 1875, Charles H. Cheyney ; 1876, William J. Smith, Jared Darlington, Jacob Boon ; 1879, Jared Darlington, Thomas Coulter, Joseph Pratt ; 1882, Jared Darlington, William S. Sykes and J. Lewis Garrett ; 1884, James L. Williamson, William S. Sykes : 1887, J. W. Williamson, Z. T. Bartleson ; 1890-93, Z. T. Bartleson, Elias H. West, William McFadden.
JUDICIAL LISI.
In this list are given the president and associate judges and the district attorneys, which were known as deputy attorney generals until 1850.
PRESIDENT JUDGES, 1789-1893.
1789, Henry Hale Graham.
1790, John Pearson, ad interim.
1791, James Biddle. 1797, John D. Cox.
1805, William Tilghman.
1806, Bird Wilson.
1812, John Ross.
1821, Isaac Darlington.
1828-39, ad interim, in which the courts were held by Justice Gibson of the supreme court of Pennsylvania.
1839, Thomas S. Bell.
1846, John M. Forster.
1847, James Nill.
1848, Henry Chapman.
1851, Townsend Haines (elected).
1861, William Butler (elected ).
1874, John M. Broomall. .
1875 93, Thomas J. Clayton (elected ).
ASSOCIATE JUDGES, 1790 1873.
1790, Thomas Lewis, George Pearce ; 1791, Elisha Price, Joseph Hibberd ; 1792, Hugh Lloyd, Mark Wilcox, Richard Riley and John Pearce ; 1792, John Crosby, Hugh Lloyd ; 1821, Hugh Lloyd, Mark Wilcox ; 1824, Hugh Lloyd, John Pearce ; 1826, John Pearce, Wil- liam Anderson : 1827, John Pearce, Joseph Engle ; 1834, Joseph Engle, Henry Myers ; 1837, Joseph Engle, Dr. George Smith ; 1842, Joseph Engle, George C. Leiper ; 1852, Sketch- ley Morton, James Andrews : 1857, James An- drews, Fred. J. Hinkson ; 1861, James An- drews, Charles Williamson ; 1862, James An- drews, Dr. George Smith ; 1867-73, Bartine Smith, Thomas Reece.
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98
BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
DEPUTY ATTORNEY GENERALS, 1790-1850.
1790, Thomas Ross; 1790-91, Joseph Thomas; 1795, William Sergeant : 1799, Thomas Ross ; 1809, Richard Bache, jr .; 1811, John Edwards ; 1812, Edward Ingersoll : 1813, Benjamin Tilgh- man : 1814, John Edwards; 1814, Edward Ingersoll : 1815, Robert H. Smith ; 1815, Wil- liam H. Dillingham ; 1817, Henry G. Free- man : 1818, Samuel Rush : 1821, Archibald, T. Dick ; 1824, Edward Darlington : 1830, John Zeilin ; 1833, Robert Hannum ; 1836, John P. Griffith ; 1839, P. Frazer Smith : 1845, Robert Frazer ; 1845, Joseph J. Lewis ; 1848, John M. Broomall ; 1850, Charles D. Man- ley : 1850, Thomas H. Speakman.
DISTRICT ATTORNEYS, 1851-1893.
1851, Robert McCay, jr., (appointed); 1851, Edward Darlington; 1854, Jesse Bishop ; 1857, Edward A. Price ; 1860, John Hibbard ; 1863, Francis M. Brooke: 1866, Charles D. M. Broomhall ; 1869, George E. Darlington ; 1872, David M. Johnson : 1876, Vincent G. Robinson ; 1882, Jesse M. Baker; 1887-93, John B. Hannum.
CHAPTER XIV.
SCHOOLS -CHURCHES AND TEMPERANCE ORGANIZATIONS.
SCHOOLS.
Several references in the early Swedish an- nals are made to the clergyman of the parish acting as a teacher as well as a minister, on Tinicum island, but no authentic evidence has ever been produced to show that the Swedes established a school there. The Quakers at an early day after their settlement established schools, and the Darby Monthly Meeting min- utes of September 7, 1692, make record that on the 12th of that month Benjamin Clift was to commence a school to last one year, which
was probably kept in the Friends' meeting house at Darby. The Friends' meetings estab- lished schools in all of their respective settle- ments, and some time after 1702 a school was established in connection with St. Paul's par- ish, as the instruction of youths in reading and writing was of the duties enjoined on the clergymen of the Church of England parishes. These schools were all private and probably held in the churches. The first school house seems to have been built by citizens of Ches- ter in 1770, on land donated there by Joseph Hoskins. After the Revolution subscription schools were taught in houses built for that purpose in the different sections of the county.
The common school system was voted on in the county in 1834, with the result that fourteen townships accepted and seven re- jected it according to some authorities, while the secretary of the Commonwealth stated all of them had accepted the law. James W. Baker, county superintendent, in his report of of 1877, says : "On the 4th of November, 1834, of the twenty-one districts of the county eleven accepted the law : Birmingham, Ches- ter, Haverford, Lower Chichester, Marple, Nether Providence, Radnor, Ridley, Upper Darby and Upper Chichester." He also stated that six more districts accepted it the next year, and that the last district joined the others in 1838.
From 1838 the progress of the public schools have been rapid, and to meet the requirements of public wants graded, central grammar and high schools have been established, at Media, Chester, Lansdowne, Darby, Clifton Heights, South Chester, Upland, Wayne, Pros- pect and Ridley Park.
An idea of the progess of the public schools of the county may be gained by a comparison of the following facts concerning them, taken from the census of 1850 and the State super- intendent's report for 1893 :
Year.
Number.
Teachers.
Pupils.
1850
73
73
2,995
1893
266
283
11,857
99
OF DELAWARE COUNTY.
In the census of 1850, Delaware county was credited with one college, having six teachers and sixty-two pupils; and nine academies, hav- ing eighteen teachers and two hundred and forty-one pupils. To-day the county has three colleges, three great industrial schools, and quite a number of academies, seminaries and high grade training schools. A notable school of the latter class is the Swarthmore Gram- mar school, founded in 1892 by its present prin- cipal, Arthur H. Tomliuson.
CHURCHES.
While the churches will be noticed in the borough and township histories, yet it may be of interest to glance at their number and the numerical strength of each religious denomination in the county, for 1889, as given in the following table compiled from the cen- sus reports of 1890 :
CHURCH STATISTICS IN 1889.
Denomination.
Number Organizations.
Church Members or Edifices. Communicants
Catholic
10
IO
9,088
Presbyterian.
18
18
6,385
Methodist Episcopal
26
26
4.565
Baptist.
15
18
2,225
Protestant Episcop'l 16
19
1,571
African M. E.
5
7
632
Hicksite Friends ...
6
6
573
Orthodox Friends. .
6
6
365
African M. E.Zion ..
3
I
169
Lutheran.
I
I
82
Free Methodist
I
I
18
In historical mention of the churches of the county since its European settlement, the Swed- ish Lutheran church comes first. A small log church was built in 1643, at New Gottenberg, on Tinicum island, where the Rev. John Cam- panius officiated until 1648, when he was re- lieved by Rev. Lears Carlsson Lock, who, after 1656, had charge for twenty-two years of religious affairs in the colony. The Swedes, it seems, never built a church at Upland, but used the "House of Defense" there for re- ligious purposes. By the year 1700 the Tini-
cum church edifice had fallen into ruins, and Swedish religious services in the county had ended some years prior to that year under Reverend Lock's administration.
Services of the Protestant Episcopal church, according to a traditional account, were held in the House of Defense, but the first Episco- pal church of which we have found any record was that of St. Paul's, organized about 1702 with Rev. Evan Evans as rector. St. Mar- tin's church at Marcus Hook was established in 1702, and St. John's at Concord prior to 1707. Delaware county is in the diocese of Pennsyl- vania which contains four counties, and has one hundred and thirty-nine organizations, one hundred and sixty-five churches, and thirty- three thousand four hundred and fifty-nine communicants.
Among its sixteen churches in the conuty the oldest are St. Paul's, St. Martin's, and St. John's.
The third church established in the county was that of the Friends or Quakers. " When William Penn, the Friend, landed, in 1682, at Chester, he brought with him such a strength of personal influence and such a number of adherents to this society, that not only Dela- ware county, but a still larger region adjacent, grew up largely under the Friend's influence. The Friends largely predominated. It is es- timated by careful historians that in the early history of Delaware county nine-tenths of the people were under the influence and discipline of the Friends." The first recorded meeting of the Society of Friends in Delaware county and in Pennsylvania, was in 1675, at the house of Robert Wade, at Upland. Between 1682 and 1687 meetings were established by the names of Darby, Middletown, Concord, Edgmont, Springfield, Marple, and Haverford. In 1827 the society could not agree on the opinions of Elias Hicks, and since then has been divided into two branches, the Orthodox and Hicksite. The Orthodox Friends are in Philadelphia vearly meeting, and the Hicksite Friends are in the Philadelphia meeting of their church.
837868A
100
BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
The Baptist churches in the county are in the Philadelphia association, that contains eighty-one organizations, one hundred and ten church edifices, and twenty-four thousand and seventy-four members. From the historical sketch of the Baptists in Delaware county, by Rev. W. R. Patton, we condense the following information : The Brandywine church was or- ganized June 14, 1715, by Rev. Abel Morgan, the members being principally Keithian Bap- tists, and a part of the Keithian society, formed October 12, 1697, by Thomas Martin. They held to the first day as the Sabbath, while the remainder of the Keithian society held to the seventh day. Seventy-four years later, in 1789, the Marcus Hook church was formed, and in 1830, after another period of forty-one years, the Ridley, now Ridley Park. church was organized. From that time on the Bap- tist churches have increased rapidly. The Newtown Square church was organized in 1832; Upland in 1852; Chester, 1863; Media, 1871; North Chester, 1872; South Chester, 1872; Village Green, 1880; Lansdowne, 1887; Pros- pect Hill, 1887; and Collingdale, 1888. There are three churches of colored Baptists in the county : South Chester, organized in 1879; Morton, 1888; and Fernwood in August, 1889. Fernwood, the sixteenth church, is not in- cluded in the census enumeration of 1890.
Of the early Baptist churches in the county, Rev. W. R. Patton says :
"The record of the first baptisms in the streams of Delaware county constitutes an in- teresting chapter in the Baptist history of America. Let us examine with some care the very beginning.
" Dr. George Smith gives the following : ' There were a few Baptists located within our limits at a very early date. It is said that one Able Noble, who arrived in 1684, formed a society of Baptists in Upper Providence, Chester county, where he baptized Thomas Martin, a " public Friend." Noble appears to have been a seventh-day Baptist, and belonged to a community that was afterwards known
as Keithian Baptists. Besides Thomas Mar- tin, a number of baptisms are recorded as having taken place at a very early period, and at various places in the county, but a highly interesting manuscript in the possession of Robert Frame, Esq., of Birmingham, satisfies me that no regular church of the Baptist per- suasion had been organized until 1715. Meet- ings, it is true, were held in private houses in Chester, Ridley, Providence, Radnor, and Springfield, and baptism was performed ac- cording to ancient order in the adjacent creeks, and even the Lord's Supper was administered, but these were the doings of variable congre- gations, rather than the acts of an organized church.'
" From the ancient records in the possession of the Brandywine church and from Morgan Edward's ' Materials for Baptist History' we get still further information as follows : Thomas Martin baptized a number of other Friends and a Keithian society was organized October 12, 1697, with nineteen members, having Thomas Martin as their minister. This little band of disciples continued to prosper until 1700, when the Sabbath question broke up the Keithian society. Those who observed the seventh day as the Sabbath kept together at Newtown, where they had a small house of worship not far from the present Newtown Baptist church. The others worshipped wher- ever they found the most comfort, without any church connection, until 1714, when Abel Morgan, pastor of the united churches of Pen- nepek and Philadelphia visited the neighbor- hood and preached the glad tidings of truth. Meeting with these Keithian Baptists, Mr. Morgan found them to be sincere Christians, and after conference with them he concluded to organize them into a church. A meeting for this purpose was held at the house of John Powell, in Providence township, at which Abel Morgan, of Philadelphia ; James Jones and Joseph Eaton, of Welsh Tract church in Delaware, were present. They then organ- ized the Brandywine church, the first Baptist
101
OF DELAWARE COUNTY.
church in Delaware county, in the following manner : + It being the 14th day of the month vulgarly called June, 1715, the first part of the day was spent in fasting and prayer, to im- plore the blessing of God upon the proceed- ings. They then solemnly lifted up their hands in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, and pledging themselves to be governed by the Word of God, were recognized as a baptized church of JesusChrist, holding and maintaining the same principles and practices as other baptized churches in the province of Pennsyl- vania and New Jersey in America. Thus they were recognized as a sister church by the afore- said delegates from Philadelphia and Welsh Tract churches, and the church has had a clear line of blessed history until the pres- ent day. The church as constituted consis- ted of fifteen members, all of whom more than a century ago passed over the river to unite with the glorified church above.' Long may Brandywine prosper under the blessing of the Great Head of the church, and may her history be unbroken in the centuries to come.
"We are impressed at this day with the so- lemnity and simplicity which characterized the organization of this pioneer church. Equally so are we as we follow its history. At first, the church met for worship in private houses, but in 1718 the first Baptist meeting house was built for its home in Birmingham town- ship, as many of the members lived there ; also another house was built in 1742 in Newlin township, to accommodate still another branch of the church who lived about twelve miles distant. For nearly five years the church had no pastor and depended upon the hardy pio- neer preachers of that day who nobly stood by the little band.
" From the organization of this first church until the organization of the second we must pass over the long period of seventy-four years, two generations. We now see a Baptist interest arising in another neighbor- hood which developed into the second church Τα
of the county and the eighth Baptist church in Pennsylvania, viz: the Marcus Hook church. May 3, 1789, the church was organ- ized with Rev. Eliphaz Dazey as pastor, with sixteen members. The church was received into the Philadelphia Association in the fol- lowing October.
" We now pass on forty-one years, another long period, that we may come to the organi- zation of the third church in the county. It seems like barren history to record the organ- ization of but three churches in something over a century. But let us remember that at that time Delaware county was not as at pres- ent, a suburb to a great city and netted with numerous railroads. The old times were slow times compared with the present. The third church was constituted in Ridley, now the Ridley Park church, in 1830, mainly through the instrumentality of Rev. Joseph S. Ken- nard, assisted by Rev. William S. Hall.
"We now come to a period in which the churches multiply more rapidly than in the early history of the county. Just two years afterward, on November 10, 1832, the New- town Square church was organized, with seven members. The first meeting of Baptists, prior to the organization, was held in the house of Deacon Samuel Davis, in Haverford.
" The Upland church is the fifth in order. It was organized in 1852, mainly through the instrumentality of the late John P. Crozer, father of the present Crozer family, who brought his letter from the Marcus Hook church. Inseparably connected with the his- tory of this church is the record of our beloved Crozer seminary, which has just passed its twenty-fifth anniversary. No brief sketch here can adequately present the work for Christ which it has accomplished in Delaware county and throughout the world. Many churches have been established through the influence of professors and students, who for all these years have faithfully toiled. What a power it will be in the future."
One of the earliest missions of the Catholic
102
BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
church in Pennsylvania was established about 1718 or 1719, in the mansion of the Willcox family, at the old lvy mills. This mission terininated in the establishment of the church of St. Thomas the Apostle, whose present pastor, Rev. William F. Cook, has done much to build up Catholicism in the northern part of the county.
Delaware county is in Philadelphia arch diocese, embracing ten Pennsylvania counties, with one hundred and fifty-three organiza- tions, one hundred and fifty-seven church edifices, and 251, 162 communicants.
We are indebted to the Rev. H. L. Wright for the following list of the present Catholic churches and institutions in the county : St. Michaels, Chester, Rev. James Timmins, rec- tor ; Immaculate Heart of Mary, Chester, Rev. T. J. McGlynn ; Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Media, Rev. Henry L. Wright : St. Charles Borromeo, Kelleyville, Rev. M. P. O'Brien ; St. Thomas thie Apostle, Ivy Mills, St. Francis de Sales, and Kaolin chapel, Rev. William F. Cook ; St. Dennis, Haver- ford, Rev. P. H. O'Donnell, O. S. A .; St. Rose of Lima, Eddystone, and Norwood chapel, Rev. M. J. Rafferty ; Church of the Holy Spirit, Sharon Hill, Rev. Thomas O'Neil ; Convent of Our Lady of Angels, Glen Riddle, Sister Mary Christina, superior, and Rev. Matthew Mner, chaplain ; Convent of the Holy Child Jesus, Sharon Hill, Mother Mary Walburger, superior, and Rev. Thomas O'Neil, chaplain ; Augustinian monastery and Augustinian college of St. Thomas of Villanova, Very Rev. Christopher A. Mc- Evoy, prior of the first, and president of the latter.
As early as 1774 there was an appointment of the Methodist Episcopal church at Chester, bnt no church was organized there before 1818 or 1820. In the meantime, however, Mt. Hope church was organized (1807) near Village Green. Delaware county has twenty-five churches in Philadelphia conference, and one in Dela-
ware conference. The twenty-six Methodist churches in 1890 were : Madison Street, Prov- idence Avenue, Trinity, South Chester, Clif- ton, Darby, Crozerville, Eddystone, Elam, Fernwood, Kedron ( Morton), Gradyville, Stony Bank, Lansdowne, Lima, Marcus Hook, Media, Mount Hope, Norwood, Bethesda, Prospect, Sharon Hill, Siloam, Trainer and Union.
The Presbyterian church in Delaware county was originated in Birmingham township about 1720. There were two churches, Upper Bran- dywine and Lower Brandywine, but they went down. About 1818 Ridley or Leiper's clinrclı was organized. Some ten years ago the church appointed an extension committee, of which Dr. Tully, of Media, was an active member until lately, which held services and organized churches wherever eight or ten Presbyterians could be gathered together in the county. To their work is largely due the rapid increase of churches and membership in the county. Del- aware county is in Chester Presbytery and contains three counties. Chester Presbytery, in 1890, contained twenty-seven organizations in Chester, Delaware and Montgomery coun- ties, with a membership of 7,207. The Pres- byterian churches in the county in 1892 were : Concord, Darby, Chester City, Media, First Chester, Third Chester, Middletown, Ridley, Marple, Glen Riddle, Upper Chichester (1886), First Darby, Lansdowne (1887), Ridley Park, Preston Chapel, Clifton Heights (1887). In 1893 Wallingford Chapel, Calvary (Rutledge), Wayne and Olivet (Moores) churches were organized.
There is one Evangelical Lutheran church in the county. It is St. Panl's church, organ- ized at Chester in 1878, and is in the East Pennsylvania synod.
The Free Methodist church at Chester has been organized in late years, and is in the New York conference. The Free Methodist church was organized at Pekin, New York, in 1860.
103
OF DELAWARE COUNTY.
NUMBER OF CHURCHES IN DELAWARE COUNTY IN 1850, 1860, 1870 AND 1890.
De nomination. Census of 1850. 1860. 1870. 1890.
Friends or Quakers. I7
16 . . I 2
Methodist.
14
16
14 26
Baptist
5
7
5 I 5
Catholic
3
5
7 10
Protestant Episcopal 5
7
7 19
Presbyterian
6
7
9
18
Swedenborgian
I
2
Lutheran
Christian.
2
2
Free Methodist
. .
I
African M. E.
4
. .
5
African M. E. Zion.
. .
3
Other Churches.
7
27
. .
Totals
57
69 63 IIO
TEMPERANCE ORGANIZATIONS.
The first temperance movement in Delaware county dates back to February, 1725, when the Friends at Chester meeting gave testi- mony against the inordinate use of liquor at funerals. The next step forward in the tem- perance cause was also taken by the Friends in forming "The Darby Association for Dis- couraging the Unnecessary Use of Spiritnous Liquors," a body that, on June 17, 1819, sent forth an address protesting against treating, and calling on the farmers to discard liquor from the harvest fields and meadows.
The Delaware County Temperance Society was formed in 1835, and two years later held an enthusiastic meeting in Chester. Temper- ance was so agitated throughout the county until there were temperance hotels and tem- perance grocery stores. The agitation con- tinued to increase, and on March 19, 1847, when the first local option law was voted on in the county there were fourteen hundred and seventy-one votes against license, to one thousand and ninety-four votes in favor of it. Aston, Birmingham, Chester borough, Ches- ter township, Upper Chichester, Lower Chi- chester, Upper Darby, Haverford, Marple, Newtown, Upper and Nether Providence, Rad-
nor, Springfield and Tinicum voted against license, and the other townships in favor of it except Ridley, in which the vote was a tie. This act was afterwards decided to be uncon- stitutional, and the decision had a paralyzing effect on the Sons of Temperance.
After the late war the Good Templars or- ganized lodges in the county and became so strong in numbers that they demanded and secured temperance legislation in the shape of the Holliday special act for Delaware county. A general act for the State was then secured by the temperance people in all the counties, which is known as the Local Option Law of 1873. This law provided for every borough and county to take a vote on the license ques- tion. When this vote was taken in Delaware county it was as follows : for license, fourteen hundred and sixty-two against eighteen hun- dred and eighty. In Chester city the vote stood eight hundred and sixteen for and six hundred and thirteen against it. Subsequently both acts were repealed.
In 1889 when the vote was taken in Penn- sylvania on the prohibitory amendment, Dela- ware county cast four thousand five hundred and thirty-nine votes for and five thousand five hundred and ninety-five votes against it.
At the present time no temperance organi- zation exists in either the capital or metropo- lis of the county, although Media is a temper- ance town, being incorporated in 1850, with a clause in her charter prohibiting the granting of license in the borough.
CHAPTER XV.
EARLY PRACTITIONERS OF MEDICINE MEDICAL SOCIETIES-REGISTERED PHY- SICIANS.
EARLY PRACTITIONERS OF MEDICINE.
Unnamed in the early records of the Swedish settlement on the Delaware is the surgeon (then called a barber) who accompanied Gov-
1
·
104
BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
ernor Printz, in 1643, to Tinicum island. The second surgeon to become a resident on the Delaware was Dr. Timon Stiddem, who came in 1654, with Governor Rysingh. Stiddem was succeeded, in 1657, by " Mr. Jans Oosting, the surgeon," who died in 1658. Four years later Dr. Van Rosenburg was contenting him- self to reside in the land of the Swedes, and in 1678 Dr. Thomas Spry was mentioned as a witness in a suit tried at Upland. As com- petitor or as successor of Van Rosenburg, Spry seems to have been no very important person in the Upland district.
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