USA > Pennsylvania > Delaware County > Biographical and historical cyclopedia of Delaware County, Pennsylvania, comprising a historical sketch of the county > Part 15
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2,798
3,287
Lower Chichester
914
991
Nether Providence
1,448
1,726
1,817
Darby .
1,310
717
Upper Darby
2,044
2,57I
Radnor
1.431
1,92+
3,799
Edgmont
621
647
Ridley
1,142
2,533
4,529
Haverford.
1,401
1,350
Media
285
900
Marcus Hook borough.
492
...
Marple.
876
916
Middletown
1,972
2,397
Tinicum.
147
224
188
Newtown
824
830
Upper Providence
778
88
Lower Providence
1,457
1,497
Radnor
1,335
1,230
Ridley
1,389
1,324
Springfield
1,033
1, 109
Thornbury
873
1,017
Tinicum
178
193
Totals
24,640
30,597
MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS, 1870, 1880 AND 1890.
Township or Borough.
1870.
1880.
1890.
Aston.
1,845
2,401
2,454
Upper Providence .
451
736
748
780
Birmingham
765
919
739
Chester city
9,485 14,997 20,226
1,620
Second ward
1,973
Third ward.
2,554
Fourth ward
2,047
Fifth ward
3,353
Sixth ward.
2,519
Seventh ward
3,457
Eighth ward.
1,452
582
578
Clifton Heights boro'
Concord .
1,293
1,3II
1,276
Darby borough
1,205
1,779
2,972
Darby .
995
1,245
2,031
Edgmont
678
648
567
Haverford.
1,338
1,488
1,733
Lower Chichester.
I,129
1,700
2,292
Marple
858
899
884
Media borough.
1,045
1,919
2,736
Darby borough
780
Newtown
748
734
648
North Chester borough.
1,381
. .
Rutlege borough.
..
....
269
South Chester borough.
3,664
7,076
Springfield
1,267
1,772
2,436
Thornbury
990
943
926
Upland borough
1.341
2,028
2,275
Upper Chichester
539
523
564
Upper Darby.
3,130
4,699
4,773
Upper Providence
758
855
1,013
Totals
39,403 56, 101 74,683
The population of the following places, some of which are now boroughs, by the cen- sus of 1880, were as follows : Marcus Hook,
2,703
Chester
1,820
First ward.
112
BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
816; Rockdale, 590 ; Eddystone, 582 ; Lin- wood, 543; Leiperville, 472; Ridley Park. 439; Llewellyn, +30: Glen Riddle, 416 : Lenni, 335: Village Green, 237 : Crozerville, 228 : Prospect Park, 197; West Branch, 121 ; Concord, 116: Lima, 114 ; Chadds' Ford, 108 ; Bridgewater, 91 : Chelsea, 80; Parkmount, 80 : Booth's Corner. 69 : and Elam, 23.
The figures can be considered as only ap- proximate to the unincorporated places named, as their limits were not sharply defined.
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURE
ESTABLISHMENTS AND EMPLOYEES.
U. S. Census.
Establishments.
Employees.
1860
227
4,368
1870
314
6,448
1880.
416
II.242
CAPITAL, MATERIAL, AND PRODUCTS.
Census.
Capital.
Material.
Products.
1860. $ 3,437,802
3,015,405 $ 5,264,033
1870 .. 5,927,187
6,845,504
11,041,654
1880. 14,256,720
II, 262,964
19,601,493
COTTON GOODS.
Census Estab'm'ts. Employees. Capital. Products.
1860 ... 25
2,458 $1,685,040
$2,341,800
1870. .. 19 2,257 2,233,000 3,582,995
1880. .. 21 2,998 3,849,000 3,848,965
The wages paid in the twenty-one cotton goods establishments in 1880, amounted to $863,641.
WOOLEN GOODS.
Census. Estab'm'ts. Employees.
Capital.
Products.
1860 ... 22
1,205
$1.047,000
$1,508,554
1870. .. 26 1,357
1,262,740 2,630,262
1880. .. 29 2,595 2,542,000 4,489,510
The wages paid in the twenty-nine woolen goods establishments in 1880, amounted to $768, 140.
Two worsted goods establishments were reported in 1880, with 282 employees, having a capital of $375,000, and products valued at $675, 191.
STATISTICS OF AGRICULTURE
FARM AREAS.
Census. No. Farms.
Acres Improved.
Acres Unimproved.
1860
1,428
92,089
13,505
1870
1,47I
89,438 11,316
1880
1,683
95,327 12,023
The cash value of all farms in 1880 was given as $19.288,727.
CEREALS.
Census. Bush. Wheat.
Bush. Corn.
Bush. Oats
1850.
121,096
294.209
169,754
1860.
169,273
381,296
192,320
1870.
129,328
379,417
I35,052
1880.
140,140 516,633 154,659
1890.
166,186
401,790
95,740
In 1890 there were seven thousand ten acres of land in wheat, eight thousand thirty-five acres in corn, and three thousand three hun- dred and eighty acres in oats.
Census. Bush. Rye.
Barley.
Buckwheat.
1850
1,909
170
593
1860
5,573
1,656
923
1870.
6,209
2,417
I4
1880
7,818
160
103
1890. 6,729
230
In 1890 there were three hundred and eighty- four acres of land in rye, seven acres in bar- ley, and one acre in buckwheat.
LIVE STOCK.
Census.
Horses.
Milch Cows.
Sheep.
Swine.
1850. . . 7,014
16,575
7.424
11,287
1860. . . 4,191
12,997
2,566
9,039
1870. . . 4,219
12,766
2,142
7,759
1880 . . . 5.317
16,088
1,629
9.519
HAY, WOOL AND POTATOES.
Census
Tons Hay.
Lbs. Wool.
Bush. Potatoes.
1850
. 27,932
3,406
108,508
1860
28.461 2,760
153.643
1870.
32,140 : 1,00I
197,382
1880.
33,565
281,290
In 1880 there were 22,866 acres of grass mown.
113
OF DELAWARE COUNTY.
The dairy products of Delaware county in 1880, were : 1,428,084 pounds of butter, 3,412,439 gallons of milk sold, and 79,045 pounds of cheese.
In 1879 there were 93, 940 fowls in the county, and the product of eggs for that year was 366,791 dozen.
VALUATION, TAXATION AND INDEBTEDNESS.
In 1880, the total assessed valuation of Del- aware county was $33,247,382 : taxation, $330,201 : and indebtedness, $1,049, 1 36.
CHAPTER XIX.
CHESTER CITY.
Chester on the Delaware is one of the most important manufacturing centers on the At- lantic seaboard, as well as being the oldest town in the State of Pennsylvania, and the fourth in size of the cities in the Delaware river valley.
The Indian name of the site of the present city of Chester was Mecoponacka ; the Swed- ish, Upland : the Dutch, Oplandt : and the English, first Upland, and shortly afterward Chester, in honor of the city of that name in England. The Indian name, Mecoponacka, is a corruption of the name of Chester creek, which, according to Heckewelder, was Mee- choppenackhan, meaning "the large potato stream."
Chester received three borough charters, the first one on November 31. 1701, from William Penn ; the second one, March 5, 1795. from the General Assembly ; and the third one from the same body, on April 6, 1850. Six- teen years later. on February 14, 1866. Chester was incorporated as a city, and in her growth and progress ever since has kept pace with the manufacturing cities of the land. In 1888 North Chester was annexed, and it is but a question of time until South Chester, Upland, and Eddystone boroughs will become integral 8
parts of the city. The first burgess was Jas- per Yeates, in 1703, and the first mayor was John Larkin, jr., in 1866. The present (1893) principal city officers of Chester are : John B. Hinkson, mayor : James R. Bagshaw, chief of police ; John L. Hawthorne, city controller ; Henry Hinkson, city treasurer ; Orlando Har- vey, city solicitor : A. A. Cochran, assistant city solicitor, and Mordecai Lewis, city clerk. The aldermen are: Philip Oglesby, Harry Deal, Thomas Berry, William Mercer, Alfred Rhodes, James Quinby, Norris Garvine, and H. C. Sprout.
The members of select and common coun- cils are as follows ; James Cook, Thomas B. Shaw, Edward Dickerson, J. E. Cochran, jr., Benjamin Cass, John Creighton, William J. Oglesby, Crosby M. Black, W. P. Ladomus, J. Craig, jr., Richard F. Flickwir, Thomas Hargreaves, George W. Howard, Jessie H. Blakeley, George W. Wood, R. P. Mercer, N.D., H. B. Davis, John Lilly, jr., George Wiegand, W. H. Sproul, Harry P. Haney, Joseph McDade, John P. Foreaker, and Eu- gene F. White.
The collector of port is William Ward, jr .; inspector of customs, H. V. Smith ; port warden, Amos Gartside : and harbor master, James D. Nelson.
Chester city is 39º 51' north latitude, and 75° 21' west longitude from Greenwich, and has an altitude from o to 75 feet. It is 12.4 miles from Philadelphia, and 110.7 miles from Washington city. The underlying rock of the place is gneiss, and the superstratum, chiefly clay of the drift or glacial period. The river liere is two miles wide, with a good harbor, and is navigable for vessels drawing 24 feet at low water. The highest recorded temper- ature of the city was 102°, and the lowest 20°; while the lowest winter temperature in average winters is oº.
EARLY SETTLEMENT.
The land between Chester and Ridley creeks back for one and one-half miles from the Del-
114
BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
aware was owned for a quarter of a century by Joran Keen, or Kyn, who, in 1644, made a tobacco plantation of his land. The land on the west side of Chester creek, extending along the river to Marcus Hook, was granted in 1756 to Capt. John Ammundson Besk, who never took possession of it, and it was later claimed and occupied by Armgart Pappegoya, daughter of Gov. John Printz. From Keen and Mrs. Pappegoya, or their legal represen- tatives, the early settlers of Upland purchased their land, on which the town was afterward built.
GROWTH.
The story of Chester's slow growth prior to the Revolution is told in the general history of the county. From the Revolutionary struggle to the removal of the county seat to Media, a period of seventy-five years, Chester grew very slowly, and in 1850 had only reached a population of one thousand six hundred. As far back as 1698 Jasper Yeates built exten- sive granaries and a large bakery, but his efforts to establish a flonr shipping and bread baking industry were not appreciated, and his enterprise became a failure. Between 1761 and 1770 Francis Richardson attempted to make Chester a rival of Philadelphia, as a shipping port of grain and produce, by build- ing extensive warehouses and two piers, but his efforts met with the same indifference that had been shown to Yeates, and the troubles with England finally wrought his utter ruin. When the county seat was removed to Media, the people of Chester looked upon their place as ruined, but in the hour of their apparent ruin was born a spirit of improvement that was not only its means of rescue, but became the source of its present wealth and prosperity.
This spirit of enterprise and improvement is largely due to John Larkin. jr., who pur- chased the land now embraced within the Second, Fourth and Fifth wards. He built houses and laid out streets at his own expense, and was ably assisted in giving life to Chester by James Campbell and John P. Crozer, the
pioneers in the manufacture of cotton and woolen goods. Later on John M. Broomall and Hon. William Ward aided in adding houses and streets to the growing borough, and John Roach gave to Chester her great ship-yard, and the immense iron and steel plant now known as the Wellman Iron and Steel Works. Since 1850 Chester has been progressive, and is now prosperous with cot- ton and woolen mills, ship-yards. and iron and steel plants, and foundries and machine shops.
In 1887 the borough of North Chester was annexed, and this act has added considerable to the territory, population, and wealth of the city.
TRANSPORTATION LINES.
Chester city is connected with all the lead- ing cities by three great railway lines-the Baltimore and Ohio, the Pennsylvania, and the Reading. The first two roads run forty- nine and seventy-four daily passenger trains respec- tively, while the last road is only a freight line. The Chester Creek railroad connects Chester with Media and the northern part of the county. The Chester Street railway was incorporated in 1882, and in 1892 became a part of the Chester and Media Electric rail- way.
Freight steamers run from Chester to Phila- delphia, and passenger boats between Phila- delphia and Wilmington stop daily at Market street wharf. Chester.
Chester is a port of entry, the deputy col- lector being William Ward, jr., and nearly three hundred vessels from foreign and home coast ports yearly discharge their car- goes there. Several hundred thousand dollars are paid annually in dnties. There are two piers or public wharfs, one east of the foot of Market street, and the other at the foot of Edgmont avenue. These piers were largely built by the State of Pennsylvania, who ceded them in 1825 to the government of the United States.
BOARD OF TRADE.
The Chester board of trade was organized in 1886, and has accomplished much for the
115
OF DELAWARE COUNTY.
improvement and progress of the city, one of its valuable services being rendered in pre- venting the removal of the Philadelphia hos- pital to the Lazzaretto, and in dangerous near- ness to Chester. It also aided in securing the annexation of North Chester to the city, and is now working to secure the annexation of South Chester, Upland and Eddystone bor- oughs.
WATER AND FIRE DEPARTMENTS.
Chester has a fine supply of pure drinking water. In 1864 the south ward water works were built, and in 1888 became a part of the Chester Water Company that was organized in 1884. The new company has a reservoir three miles northwest, on Harrison's hill, at an elevation of two hundred feet above low water mark. This reservoir has a capacity of twelve million gallons. The company supply Chester, South Chester and Upland with water, having many miles of mains and pipes.
The first measures of protection against fire in Chester date back prior to 1721, and con- sisted in a swab and bucket being kept in each house. The leather fire buckets were kept in the houses until after the commencement of the present century. The first fire engine was the Liberty, and the next bore the name of Friendship. The first fire company was the Franklin, instituted in 1867. The present fire department was organized about 1869, with John H. Kerlin as chief engineer. The de- partment consists of three volunteer compa- nies, who own their own houses and hose, two steam fire engines, three hose carriages, and one hook and ladder truck. The companies are : Franklin fire, Hanley hose, and Moya- mensing hook and ladder. The fire insurance patrol was organized in 1888.
GAS AND ELECTRIC LIGHT.
Gas was introduced in 1856 by the present Chester Gas Company. The Delaware County Gas Company was organized about 1889, and supply both light and fuel gas.
In 1885 the Chester Electric Light and
Power Company was organized. This com- pany uses the Edison incandescent and the Thompson-Houston arc light systems, and furnish the city with several hundred 32- candle power lights, beside providing for an extensive domestic service, and serving motor power to many business establishments.
MANUFACTURES.
The largest manufacturing concerns are : Roach's ship-yard, employing two thousand hands ; Wellman iron and steel works, over one thousand hands ; the Standard Steel Cast- ing Company, three hundred hands ; Tide- water steel works, two hundred hands; the Logwood works, four hundred hands ; the Tube and Pipe works, three hundred hands ; and the Aberfoyle Cotton mills, with four hun- dred hands. There are also the Arasapha, the Lincoln, tlie Patterson, the Powhattan, Chester Dock, the Edgmont, and the Keokuk or Gartside mills, with a large force of hands : the Robert Wetherill & Company, engine manufacturing plant, the Tidewater Steel works, the Chester foundry, Black's edge tool works, Crown smelting works, Lamokin car works, Eureka steel plant, and Adamant plas- ter works, are large establishments.
It is impossible within the limits of this sketch to notice in detail all of these and the many other manufacturing establishments in Chester.
In 1889 there were eleven cotton mills, six foundries and machine shops, five lumber establishments, four woolen mills, and four worsted mills. These manufacturing concerns employed an average force of four thousand three hundred and sixty-two hands, had an in- vested capital of nearly six million dollars, and paid nearly two million dollars yearly in wages, while their annual products reached nearly six million dollars in value. There were then eight other industrial establishments in the city that had a capital of nearly two and a half million dollars, and worked one thousand five hundred and thirty-two hands.
116
BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND BUILDING ASSO- CIATIONS.
Chester has three banks. The Delaware County National bank was founded in 1814, and its president and cashier are : J. Howard Roop and R. T. Hall. The Chester National bank was organized in 1883, and its officers are: J. Frank Black, president, and S. H. Seeds, cashier. The First National bank was founded in 1864, and its officers are : George M. Booth, president, and T. E. Clyde, cashier. In addition to these three banks there is the Delaware County Trust, Safe Deposit and Title Insurance Company, which was organ- ized in 1885, and has a banking department.
There are about twenty building and loan associations, which represent nearly four mil- lion dollars of capital, and have been the means of erecting a large number of houses in the city.
EARLY AND PRESENT HOTELS.
The Boar's Head inn, where Penn stopped in 1682-83, figured in the history of Chester until 1742, when it passed out of the public records under the name of the Spread Eagle. The City hotel was erected about 1700. The Black Bear inn was standing in 1737, and the Blue Ball inn was built between 1765 and 1770. The Washington house was erected in 1747, and bore the name of "Pennsylvania Arms" for over forty years. The Blue An- chor tavern was opened in 1732 ; the Columbia house in 1739 ; Schanlan's tavern in 1765 ; and the Steamboat hotel in 1827.
Among the present hotels of Chester city are : Aubrey, Avenue, American house. Brown's, Baldt, Beale house, Brooks, Burnes, Central, Colonnade, Columbia house, City. Cambridge, Delaware, Drove Yard, Edgmont, Franklin, Fulton, Goeltz, Goff, Halton, Jer- sey, Lafayette, Lamokin, Lincoln, McCaffrey, McClure, Morton house, National Park, Wil- liam Penn, Steamboat, Thurlow and Wash- ington. The Cambridge is a very fine build- ing, and the Beale house was purchased in
1885 by William H. Williams, who soon made it a first class hotel. £ The American house, the Colonnade and the Drove Yard rank as first class hotels.
POSTOFFICE.
The postoffice was established when the Fed- eral postal service was instituted. Aaron Co- bourn was the earliest postmaster of whom we have any account. Soon after him came Mrs. Mary Deshong, who has been followed in suc- cession by the following postmasters : Caleb Pierce, William Doyle, Mrs. Doyle, George W. Weaver (1857), Y. S. Walter (1861), J. R. T. Coates (1864), William G. Price, William H. Martin, John A. Wallace (1881), Henry Gra- ham Ashmead and Hon. Robert Chadwick (1889). The postoffice force consists of the postmaster, four assistants and seven letter carriers.
The government is now erecting a splendid postoffice and public building on the north- west corner of Fifth an Welsh streets.
THE PRESS.
The earliest publication in Chester was the Post Boy, a weekly folio, fifteen and a half by nine and a half inches, owned and edited by Stephen Butler and Eliphalet Worthington. The first number, bearing the motto " Intelli- gence is the life of Liberty," was issued Mon- day, November 8, 1817. The paper contained no local matter, and was distributed through the county by post riders. The name was afterward changed to that of Upland Union, and it finally went down in 1861. The Weekly Visitor, established by William Russell, ap- peared in 1828, but went down in 1832.
The Delaware County Republican was estab- lished by Young S. Walter, on August 31, 1833, at Darby. On October 25, 1841, Mr. Walter removed the paper to Chester, where he edited it till his death in 1882. On Sep- tember Ist of that year Hon. Ward R. Bliss purchased the Republican, and under his able management the paper has attained a wide circulation. The managing editor is C. K.
117
OF DELAWARE COUNTY.
Melville, a courteous and accommodating gen- tleman of several years' experience in general newspaper work.
The Delaware County Democrat was founded October 5, 1867, by D. B. Overholt, and was the successor of the Upland Union and Dela- ware County Democrat that lived for a short time in 1856, and also of the Delaware. County Democrat, whose career was run in the year 1835. Overholt soon sold the Democrat, and after various changes it became the property of its present owner, Edward J. Frysinger. It is the only Democratic paper in the county, and Mr. Frysinger has made it a faithful ex- ponent of democratic principles.
The Delaware County Advocate of to-day is the outgrowth of the Chester Advocate, estab- lished in 1868 by Richard Miller and John Spencer. In 1869 Mr. Spencer became sole owner of the paper, enlarged it, and in 1874 changed its title to that of The Delaware County Advocate. The paper owes its success and prosperity to Mr. Spencer's ability as an editor and business man.
The Chester Evening News made its first ap- pearance on June 1, 1872, being issued by F. Stanhope Hill, under the name of Evening News, which was soon changed to the present title. After various changes, and being en- larged three times, it came, in 1892, under the control of its present publishers, W. H. Bowen, W. T. Cooper, and H. F. Temple, who have brought it up to a high standard as a daily paper.
The Chester Times has been for some years one of the leading papers of southeastern Pennsylvania. The first issue of the paper was on September 7, 1876, under the name of the Chester Daily Times. On March 7, 1877, J. Craig, jr., succeeded Major John Hodgson as editor, and John Spencer was proprietor from 1877 to 1882, when he sold the paper to the Times Publishing Company, whose interests were afterward bought by John A. Wallace, who has been one of the proprietors and editor since 1889. The Times is a daily paper, fearlessly 8a
republican, and is printed on the largest and finest presses to be found outside of the cities. The new Times building, with its granite front, is pronounced to be the handsomest business building in Chester, and is one of the best equipped newspaper establishments in the State. The paper has a large circulation, employs a local staff of five men, and has a pay roll of nearly twenty-five thousand dol- lars per year.
The Weekly Reporter, which is a valuable law journal, was established by Hon. Ward R. Bliss in 188r.
The Sunday Republic was established in 1892, being an independent paper, issued on each Sunday of the year.
Among the other papers started in Chester and running for some time were : The Chariot (1842), The Owl (1848), Chester Herald (1850), The Evening Star (1857), the Chester Adver- tiser (1866), The Independent (1869), The Pub- lic Press (1876), The Temperance World (1877), and the Brotherhood, in 1883.
OPERA HOUSE.
The Grand opera house, with seating for one thousand five hundred people, was built in 1890. It opened on October 20, 1890, and Thomas Hargreaves is manager.
JOHN MORTON MONUMENT.
The monument to John Morton, in St. Paul's burying ground, is a plain, Egyptian obelisk, of marble. It was erected October 9, 1845. On the north side of the shaft is in- scribed, " John Morton being censured by his friends for his boldness in giving his casting vote for the Declaration of Independence, his prophetic spirit dictated from his death bed the following message to them : 'Tell them they shall live to see the hour when they shall acknowledge it to have been the most glorious service I ever rendered to my country.'" Dr. Smith and John Hill Martin accept this state- ment as correct, but Ashmead denies that Morton gave the casting vote for the adoption of the Declaration of Independence.
118
BIOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
C C
OLD CITY HALL.
OLD CITY HALL.
" The casual observer or transient visitor would seem disposed to question the antiquity of this place, as the principal portions of our thrifty city bear the impress of progress and modernizing influences. But there are still many evidences of its ancient origin in num- berless old houses that date back two hundred and more years ago, and in the old City hall, on Market street, which was erected in 1724, long before the foundations were laid for Inde- pendence hall, in Philadelphia."
LIBRARIES.
The Mechanics library and reading room, containing three thousand volumes, is near the postoffice, and the Young Men's Christian association has a library of several hundred volumes. The association was organized in J860.
SECRET AND BENEFICIAL SOCIETIES.
The Free Masons living in Chester in 1796 secured a charter for Chester Lodge, No. 69, which went down in 1836; Chester Lodge, No. 236, Free and Accepted Masons, was chartered in 1848; L. H. Scott Lodge, No. 352, charted in 1864: Chester Royal Arch Chapter, No. 258. chartered in 1823 ; Chester Commandery, No. 66, since 1884 : and Dela- ware County Lodge, No. 13. Knights of Bir- mingham, in 1879: Mount Lebanon Lodge. No. 17. Masonic Ladies, was instituted in 1866.
The first Odd Fellow lodge in the county was Chester Lodge, No. 92, which was char- tered in 1843. Delaware County Encamp- ment. No. 96, was chartered in 1846, and Ches- ter Encampment, No. 99, in 1850. Upland Lodge, No. 253. and Leiperville Lodge, No. 263, were both chartered in 1847.
119
OF DELAWARE COUNTY.
The Improved Order of Red Men was in- troduced by the establishment of Tuscarora Tribe, No. 29, in 1854. Mocoponaco Tribe, No. 149, was instituted in 1871, and Lamokin Tribe, No. 80, meets in Chester.
Post Wilde, Grand Army of the Republic, was chartered in 1867, and named in honor of Lient. Isaac H. Wilde. John Brown Post, No. 194, was instituted in 1880.
Chester Lodge, No. 76, Knights of Pythias, was instituted in 1868, and Larkin Lodge, No. 78, in the same year.
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