USA > Pennsylvania > Cambria County > History of Cambria County, Pennsylvania, Volume I > Part 2
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A conference between the provincial officials and the In- dians at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in 1753, was the beginning of the Indian troubles. At that time the latter were friendly but discontented, principally on account of the sale of August 25th,
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Chinglearn
Kramer's of Brave"
Kinaning
Crooked C.F
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Black Lag
100
Brasteh
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7H Branch
giver.
Desil
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itt.
FLigon
Cours
Chart
Shamanart bedford
F.Br
A. Run
Great Glade
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W. Scull's Map, about 1773.
Kittanning and Venango Indian Trail Through Canoe Place.
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
10
harnut Rid
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Ohio fürer
Kishhonandas River
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Morrison
11
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
1737, known as the "Walking Purchase" deed, wherein the land conveyed was described to be "as far as a man can go in one day and an half." This purchase did not relate to the Susquehanna river or lands upon its shores, but applied to the Delaware river in its vicinity.
In July, 1742, two hundred and thirty Indians of the Six Nations made a visit to Philadelphia and held a conference with Governor Thomas, complaining that the white men were not honestly dealing with them, but were settling on their hunt- ing grounds which had been reserved. Canassatego implored the governor to make the white men remove therefrom, par- ticularly those "who have settled on the Juniata, a branch of the Susquehanna." The chief said: "We have given the river Juniata for a hunting place to our cousins, the Delaware In- dians, and our brethren the Shawnese. We therefore desire you will immediately by force remove all those that live on the river Juniata."
The governor interrupted the chief by saying "that some magistrates were sent expressly to remove them, and he thought no person would presume to stay after that." The chief replied: "These persons who were sent do not do their duty; so far from removing the people they made surveys for them- selves, and they are in league with the trespassers."
About August 14th, 1749, two hundred and eighty Indians, including Senecas, Mohicans, Tutelas, Delawares and Nanti- cokes again went to Philadelphia, against the advice of Con- rad Weiser, whom they regarded and who really was their friend. They renewed their complaints and insisted on the white man being removed from their hunting grounds. They did not complain of any trespassing east of the Susquehanna river, but as to the grounds of their cousins the Nanticokes and other Indians living on the waters of the Juniata, the white man must use more vigorous measures and formally remove them. At the Carlisle conference of 1753 the Indians did not make any threats, but continued to press their complaints that the white man should forbear settling on the Indian lands over the "Allegheny hills," and on the Juniata river.
The friendly relations heretofore existing between the provincial people and the Indians were being strained and the former deemed it wise to have another conference with the Six Nations, which comprised the Mohawks, Oneidas, Senecas, Tuscaroras, Onondagas and Cayugas, and have a new treaty
12
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
to cover all the lands then in dispute. In this view the parties met at Albany, in July, 1754, and after a conference the Six Nations gave a deed to Thomas and Richard Penn for the con- sideration of four hundred pounds, lawful money of New York, for "all the lands lying within the said province of Pennsylvania, bounded and limited as follows: namely, Begin- ning at the Kittochtinny or Blue hills on the west branch of the Susquehanna river, and thence by the same, a mile above the mouth of a certain creek called Kayarondinhagh (Penn's creek), thence northwest and by west as far as the said prov- ince of Pennsylvania extends to its western lines or boundaries; thence along the said western line or boundary of the province; thence by the said south line to the south side of the Kittoch- tinny hills; thence by the south side of said hills to the place of . beginning."
When the Indians returned to their homes and meditated upon the fact that they had sold all their lands west of the Al- legheny hills, dissatisfaction and discontent were suprenie. They became exasperated, and sought an alliance with the French, who were endeavoring to hold all the lands west of the Allegheny mountains, and were then in and around Fort Duquesne, now Pittsburg. The French promised to redeem the lands which were claimed by the English under these sev- eral deeds. The intense feeling broke out the following year when the Indians and French attacked and defeated General Braddock, who was mortally wounded and died within a few days.
This was the beginning of the Indian wars in western Penn- sylvania. The Indians told Conrad Weiser that they did not understand the points of the compass, and if the line was so run as to include the West Branch of the Susquehanna, they would never agree to it.
In 1744 contention began between Louis XV of France and George II of England as to the territory west of the Al- legheny mountains. France claimed it on the explorations made by La Salle in the lower Mississippi valley as early as 1679, wherein he had included a part of Ohio and of the Ohio river, and by that fact, sought to take possession of all the land to the headwaters of the Ohio river, which would have included the territory in Cambria county. George II denied the claim, so in 1753 the French came to Pittsburg and, constructing Fort Duquesne, prepared to take possession. During this period
13
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
(1755-63) the French took advantage of the discontent among the Indians, and most of them joined issue against the provin- cial authorities. The territory west of the Allegheny mount- ains was now defenseless and made desolate by the Indian war.
On July 9, 1755, the army sent out by George II, under General Braddock, was defeated at Braddock's field, and the commander, mortally wounded, died four days later. This regiment had been considered of sufficient strength to over- come the French, but it remained for General Forbes in 1758 to capture Fort Duquesne and name it Fort Pitt.
Notwithstanding the treaty and the delivery of the deed of 1754 for the land west of the Susquehanna river, the In- dians of the Six Nations continued to complain that they had not been treated properly, and barbaric acts of cruelty were being committed by them throughout Western Pennsylvania and elsewhere. The Penns desired to have peace, and there- fore invited the Indians to Easton to consider the contentions. As a result of that conference (October 23, 1758) Thomas and Richard Penn appointed Richard Peters and Conrad Weiser their attorneys-in-fact, and directed them to release all their claim to the land "lying to the northward and westward of the Allegheny hill," providing that the Six Nations or their deputies would affirm the sale of all the other land mentioned in the deed of 1754, which included territory east of the Alle- gheny mountains.
But the situation in Western Pennsylvania remained in- tolerable, notwithstanding the effort of the Penns to conciliate the several tribes of Indians. It was in 1771 that Samuel Adams was killed by them at Sandy Run, a few miles from Johnstown, and other depredations being committed on the pioneers and their families, many of them took their depart- ure for the eastern part of the province.
A general conference with the Indians of the Six Nations was called to meet at Fort Stanwix, New York, and there an- other treaty was made, of which the deed bears the date of November 5, 1768. The Indians who represented the Six Na- tions were: Tyanbasare, alias Abraham, sachem or chief of the Mohawks; Senughsis, for the Oneidas; Chenungbiata, for the Onondagas; Gaustarax, for the Senecas; Sequarisera, for the Tuscaroras; and Tagaaia, for the Cayugas. In considera- tion of ten thousand dollars they sold all their interest in the
14
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
land "beginning at Owegy, in New York, and running south- west along the easterly side of the Susquehanna river till it comes opposite the mouth of a creek called by the Indians Awandac (Towanda) thence to the head of a creek which runs into the west branch of the Susquehanna, which creek is called by the Indians Tiadaghton, and down the said creek on the south side thereof to the said west branch of the Susquehanna ; then crossing the said river and running up the same on the south side thereof, to the fork of the same river which lies nearest to a place on the river Ohio, called the Kittanning, " * *
This deed includes all the land south of the Kittanning trail in Western Pennsylvania, and was one of the largest purchases made by the Penns. "Canoe Place," or Cherry Tree, is the northerly boundary line of this sale in this county. This is the purchase known in our county as the "Canoe," or the Cherry Tree sale. Tradition tells us that the land was meas- ured by the Indians agreeing that Penn should have all on the west branch of the Susquehanna river and west of it from a point where there was not sufficient water to float a canoe. There is no good authority for this as it will appear in the Fort Stanwix deed that the Indians sold everything south of the Kittanning trail.
Prior to this purchase the provincial authorities endeav- ored to keep the white man from making a settlement on the land west of the Allegheny mountains, but now, having full title to it, the council of the province directed that on and after April 3, 1769, the territory mentioned should be open to per- sons desiring to settle upon it, or to purchase it. On that day, the very first day it could lawfully be acquired, Charles Campbell took out a warrant for two hundred and forty-nine acres on the Little Conemaugh and the Stoneycreek rivers, which includes the First, Second, Third, Fourth and parts of the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth and Thirteenth wards of the city of Johnstown.
LAKE ERIE
MAP Showing the various purchases IN PENNSYLVANIA.
ERIE 3
WARREN
MIKEAN
POTTER
TIOGA
BRADFORD
SUSQUEHANNA
CRAWFORD
7
FOREST
WAYNE
VENANGO
ELK
CAMERON
SULLIVAN
WYOMING
LACKAWANNA
77PIKE
MERCER
LUZERNE
CLARION
JEFFERSON
COLUMBIA
MONROE
LAWRENCE
RIVER
CLEARFIELD
UNION
BUTLER
ARMS A
BEAVER
SNYDER
SCHUYLKILL
LEHIGH
ALLECHENY
CAMBRIA
BLAIR
JUNIATA
JUNIMTA
LEBANON
-
WASHINGTON
6
USQUE
USQUEHANNA
LANCASTER
CHESTER
FAYETTE
FRANKLIN
3
'YORK
ADAMS
RIVER
15
No. 1. Purchased in 1682: Nos. 2 and 3 Purchased and Confirmed Oct. 11 to
25, 1736; No. 4, Purchased Oct. 22, 1749; No. 5, Oct. 23, 1758; No. 6, Including Cambria County, Nov. 5, 1768; No. 7, Oct. 23. 1784, and No. 8, on March 3, 1792.
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
RONG
INDIANA
HUNTINGDON
DAUPHIN
MONTGOMERY
BUCKS
RIVER
SOMERSET
BEDFORD
FULTON
R
DELAWA
PHILADELPHIA
MONONGHAHELA
GREENE
CENTRE
NORTHUMBERLAND
MONTOUR
CARBON
NORTHAMPTON
RIVER
MIFFLIN
BERKS
WESTMORELAND
PERRY
CUMBERLAND
LYCOMING
CLINTON
DELAWARE
CHAPTER II.
. THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR PERIOD-MEETINGS IN CARPENTER'S HALL IN PHILADELPHIA-COMPANIES OF CAPTAIN ROBERT CLUGGAGE, CAPTAIN RICHARD BROWN, CAPTAIN ANDREW MANN AND CAP- TAIN JACOB HENDERSHOT-THE COMPANIES OF RANGERS; CAP- TAIN JOHN BOYD AND CAPTAIN SOLOMON ADAMS-MASON AND DIXON'S LINE-THE WHISKEY REBELLION OF 1794-THE FORBES ROAD.
When the shot was fired at Lexington, on April 19, 1775, it has been stated that its moral effect for religious liberty and political freedom encircled the globe.
When that took place the territory now within the limits of Cambria county was parts of Quemahoning and Franks- town townships of Bedford county. Fort Bedford was the county capital; there the courts administered justice to the people of the county; there the pioneers sought safety from the attacks of Indians on their homes and families throughout the county. The next fort west was Fort Ligonier, in West- moreland county. Bedford, was the common meeting place for the patriot and the pioneer of this locality.
The inhabitants of the county were principally Scotch- Irish Presbyterians, but Germans of the Brethren denomination, Swiss and Irish, had also settled here. It was very natural that both patriots and tories should be represented, although there were few of the latter. Numbered with the patriots were Colonel George Woods, Judge Barnard Dougherty, Colonel David Espy, Samuel Davidson, Esq., Hon. John Cessna, Colonel Charles Cessna, Major Edward Coombs, Colonel Hugh Bar- clay, Captain Andrew Mann, Colonel Robert Galbreath, Cap- tain Robert Cluggage, James Martin, William Proctor, Colonel Thomas Smith, James Wells, John Malott, Robert Scott, and Captain James Francis Moore.
When Samuel Adams and his party of "Indians" threw the cargo of tea into the Boston harbor, it aroused the colon- ists, and a meeting was held in Philadelphia on July 15, 1774, for the purpose of expressing their discontent with the law of George III. George Woods, Esq., Barnard Dougherty and Sam- uel Davidson of Bedford county were present as delegates. The
17
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
Carpenter's Hall convention of 1775 resolved that the colonies should raise an army to defend their principles and to Pennsyl- vania was allotted the quota of 4,300 men. To more effectu- ally carry it into effect a committee of public safety was ap- pointed on June 30, 1775, which consisted of prominent patriots in the colony. Benjamin Franklin was president thereof; Will- iam Garrett, secretary, and Michael Hillegas, treasurer. Bar- mard Dougherty, of Bedford county, was a member of that committee.
Within ten days after the battle of Bunker Hill was fought (June 17, 1775) Captain Cluggage, of Bedford, had a company on the march to Boston to assist Prescott, Pepperell and War- ren, the heroes of that defeat. On its arrival at Carlisle it was assigned to the First Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion, commanded by Colonel William Thompson. The battalion started from Reading, passed through Easton and northern New Jersey, crossed the Hudson river a few miles north of West Point, and joined the Continental army in the trenches at Boston, August 8, 1775.
They were the first troops to arrive from the west side of the Hudson, and served in all the skirmishes in front of Bos- ton; but before the British evacuated that city Colonel Thomp- son's battalion was ordered to New York to aid in repelling the landing of the enemy. Colonel Thompson was promoted to brigadier-general, and Lieutenant Colonel Hand of Lancaster was advanced to the colonelcy. When the term of enlistment expired, June 30, 1776, most of the men re-enlisted for three years or during the war. It then became the First Regiment of the Continental Line, and was actively engaged in the bat- tles of Long Island, White Plains, Trenton, and Princeton, under Colonel Hand, who on April 1, 1777, was made a briga- dier-general to be succeeded by Lieutenant Colonel James Chambers of Chambersburg. Under his command the regi- ment fought at Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth, and every other battle and skirmishes until it retired, January 1, 1781. Thatcher's Military Journal says of this command :
"Several companies of riflemen amounting, it is said, to more than fourteen hundred men, have arrived here from Penn- sylvania and Maryland, a distance of from five to seven hun- dred miles. They are remarkably stout and hardy men, many of them exceeding six feet in hight. They are dressed in white frocks or rifle shirts and round hats. These men are remark- Vol. I-2
18
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
able for the accuracy of their aim, striking a mark with great certainty at two hundred yards. At a review of a company of them, presumed to be Col. Cresap's company of Maryland frontiersmen, one-half of whom were recruited in that part of -
Pennsylvania lying west of the Allegheny mountains, while on a quick advance, fired their balls into objects of seven inches in diameter, at a distance of two hundred yards. They are now stationed on our lines (Boston) and their shots have frequently proved fatal to British officers and soldiers who exposed them- selves, even at more than double of a common musket shot."
CAPTAIN ROBERT CLUGGAGE'S COMPANY, FALL OF 1776.
Captain, Robert Cluggage. First Lieutenant, John Hol- liday, commissioned June 25, 1775. Second Lieutenant, Robert McKenzie, died Feb. 12. 1776; Benjamin Baird, from third lien- tenant. Third Lieutenant, Benjamin Baird, Oct., 1775, pro- moted second lieutenant.
Sergeants: James Holliday; Daniel Stoy, dis. at Long Island, July 1, 1776; resided in Somerset county, Pennsyl- vania, in 1818; Querinus Meriner, David Wright.
Corporals: Acquilla White, William Lee, Joseph MeKen- zie, Angus McDonald.
Drummer : Timothy Sullivan.
Privates : Adam Anderson, resided in Westmoreland county in 1818; Phillip Beechy, John Bowman; Thaddeus Broughdon, dis. Feb. 10, 1776; Thomas Brown, George Bruner, John Campbell, Thomas Casey, Stephen Cessna, Patrick Clark, Phillip Conner, James Corrowan; Joshua Craig, resided in Cumberland county in 1820; JJohn Crips, Alexander Crugren, Thomas Cunningham. James Curran; John Davis, afterward , adjutant Flying Camp; Cornelius Dilling; William Donelin, re-enlisted 1st Pa .; Matthew Dougherty, Laurence Dowling, Daniel Francks, George Freeman, Amariah Garrett, Daniel Gemberland, Reuben Gillespy, Richard Hardister, Conrad Han- ning: Francis Jamison. re-enlisted 1st Pa .; Andrew Johnston, enlisted June 25. 1775. promoted lieutenant 1st Pa .; Matthias Judy; John Kelly,-"Sept. 14, 1775, John Kelly, one of Capt. ('Inggage's men, shot one of Capt. Chambers' men through the head for stabbing him."-Wright's Journal. Peter King, James Knight, William Laird, Charles Lenning, Robert Leon- ard; John Lesly, re-enlisted in 11th Pa .; Henry McCartney, dis. at Long Island, July, 1776, weaver, resided in Lycoming county in 1820: Daniel McClain. re-enlisted 1st Pa .; John Mc- Cune, John McDonald, Patrick McDonald, Thomas McFarlane, Thomas Magee, Daniel Mangaw, Michael Miller, Robert Platt, John Pitts. Samuel Plumb, Martin Reynolds, Daniel Rhoads; Philip Ritchie, re-enlisted 1st Pa .; Thomas Shehan. Francis Shires; Alexander Simonton. re-enlisted 1st Pa .; Emanuel Smith, Henry Smith; Daniel Stoy, promoted sergeant; John Stuart, Jonathen Taylor, James Turmoil, Andrew Tweed,
19
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
James Vanzandt, Daniel Vanderslice. re-enlisted 1st Pa. ; Thomas Vaughn, re-enlisted 1st Pa .; Solomon Walker, James Warford. Thomas Ward, Alexander Wilson; George Whitman, enlisted June, 1775; re-enlisted in 1st Pa .; Samuel Woodward.
Captain Richard Brown's company was organized in Bed- ford during February and March, 1776, and was assigned to the First Battalion of the Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment, under Colone! Samuel Miles, that being a part of Brigadier General Lord Sterling's command. It fought in the disastrous battle of Long Island, New York, on August 27, 1776, where many of them were killed, wounded or captured, among the latter of whom were Colonel Miles, Colone! Atlee and James Piper, of Bedford, lieutenant colonel, who died in captivity.
In a letter from Colonel Daniel Brodhead, in reference to the defeat and retreat at Long Island, dated " Camp near King's Bridge, 5th Sep'r. 1776," he says :
"I understand that General Sullivan has taken the liberty to charge our brave and good Col. Miles, with the ill success of the Day, but give me leave to say, that if General Sullivan & the rest of the Gen'ls on Long Island had been as vigilant & prudent as him, we might, & in all probability would have ent off Clinton's brigade; our officers & men in general, consider- ing the confusion, behaved as well as men could do-a very few behaved ill. of which, when I am informed will write you." *
"P. S. The Great Gen'l Putnam could not, tho' requested, send out one Reg't to cover onr retreat."
The command was engaged in the capture of the Hessians at Trenton, December 26, 1776; at Princeton, January 3, 1777; and, remaining part of the ensning winter in Philadelphia, moved down to Billingsport in March, 1777.
CAPTAIN RICHARD BROWN'S COMPANY.
Captains : Richard Brown, appointed from Bedford county, March 19, 1776; taken prisoner Ang. 27, 1776; James Francis Moore, from first lieutenant, Oct. 25, 1776.
First Lieutenant: James F. Moore, appointed from Bed- ford county, March 19, 1776; joined the company Aug. 9, 1776; promoted captain Oct. 25, 1776.
Second Lieutenants: James Barnet, resigned July 23, 1776; Thomas Boyd, from third lieutenant of Capt. Shade's company, Aug. 9, 1776; taken at Fort Washington; resided in Indiana county, Pa., in 1817.
Third Lieutenant : James Holmes, commissioned April 15, 1776; resigned Dec. 31, 1776.
Sergeants: Henry Steits; James Anderson, missing since
20
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
Aug. 27, 1776, paroled December, 1776, resided in Bedford county in 1813; Patrick Fitzgerald, Samuel Evans, Thomas Johnston, Jacob Hirsh.
Drummer: William Lever, missing since Aug. 27, 1776. Fifer: Conrad Ludwick.
Privates: Ephraim Allen, Richard Allen, Henry Arm- strong, Hugh Barkley, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; Hezekiah Biddle, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; George Biddleson, Thomas Bradley; William Bradley, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; Sol- omon Brown; Peter Carmichael, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; James Clark, George Clements, Jolm Conrey, Michael Corwin; Samuel Crossan, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; James Dailey, Jeremiah Dawson; Peter Devlin, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; John Dougherty; Timothy Dreiskel, missing since Aug. 27, 1776: Alexander Duke, James Evans; Samuel Fox, promoted sergeant; William Fitzgerald, dis. Oct. 18, 1776; Adam Growss, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; John Hagerty, John Harris; Jacob Hirsh, promoted sergeant; Alexander Henderson, Hugh Henry; Alexander Holmes, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; Robert Huston, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; Thomas Johnston, promoted ser- geant ; Joshua Jones, James Kelly; James Lever, killed at Staten Island, July 26, 1776; Conrad Ludwick, Daniel Maguire; John Mallon, wounded by accident Aug. 12, 1776; Solomon Marshall, Daniel McIntire; John McGregor, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; Michael McKittrick: Christy McMichael, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; John Mier, Aug. 4, 1776; William Moore, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; George Morris; Jonathan Nesbit, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; Tobias Penrod, Job Riley; Richard Rob- erts, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; Jacob Rush, Miles Ryan; Nathaniel Scott, missing since Aug. 27, 1776; Samuel Skinner, Philip Shaver; John Smith, Jr., dis. Sept. 1, 1776; John Smith, Sr .; Degory Sparks, missing since the battle, Aug. 27, 1776; Isaac Sparsell, Thomas Stanton; James Steed, dis. July 11, 1776, returned Aug. 23, 1776, re-enlisted at Hancock, Md., in the 13th Pa .; Thomas Stockton; Robert Stokes, missing since the battle, Aug. 27, 1776; Richard Tull, Isaac Vanasdale, Albert Vorris, Mark Welsh.
The situation in the east was critical, and of this the Indians were taking advantage by committing all kinds of depredations among the pioneers and their families in the frontier counties. The pioneers became discouraged; they were not strong enough to repel their enemies and, the government seeming unable to give them the protection to which they were entitled, many of them left and took up their homes in more settled communities.
Under these conditions on July 15, 1776, congress author- ized the organization of the Eighth Regiment of the Pennsyl-
21
HISTORY OF CAMBRIA COUNTY.
vania Line for the defense of the frontier, especially at Presque Isle, Le Boeuf and Kittanning. The regiment consisted of seven companies from Westmoreland county and Captain Mann's company from Bedford.
The muster roll of this company cannot be found. How- ever, the men did good service at Kittanning and then marched in midwinter to New Jersey, where they joined Washington's army, many of them having died on the way from exposure and lack of medical supplies. The company participated in the bat- tles of Germantown and Brandywine, and was then ordered to march to Pittsburg, where it became a part of General Mc- Intosh's command, and took an active part in the Indian war- fare. In 1779 it was a part of General Brodhead's expedition up the Allegheny river, helping to defeat the Indians and de- stroy their villages, but at the expiration of its term of service, the company was discharged at Pittsburg. Robert Aiken and Abraham Faith, who were living in Somerset county as late as 1825, were members of Captain Mann's company, as were also Joseph Hancock, who resided in Wayne county, Indiana, in 1834; Jacob Justice in Bedford county, in 1820; Allen McComb in Indiana county, in 1810; James Mitchell in Somerset county, in 1810, and Philip Wolf in Bedford county, in 1790.
CAPTAIN JACOB HENDERSHOT'S COMPANY, 1777.
A Role of the officers and privates out of the 1st Battalion of Bedford County, who Marched to Camp under the command of Capt. Jacob Hendershot & Enroled 9th January & Discharged 10th March & Allowed pay untill the 25th March, 1777.
Captain : Jacob Hendershot. Lieutenant : Frederick Storts. Sergeant : Francis Shives. Corporal: William Steed. Privates : William Andrews, Abraham Clavinger, Jolm Coombs, George Enslow, Adam Hersler, Jacob Hart, Evan Jen- kins, Nelson Jolly, Thomas Mitchell, John Peck, Richard Pitt- man, William Pittman, John Rush, John Slaughter, John Will- . iams.
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