History of Fayette County, Pennsylvania : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Part 106

Author: Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885
Publication date: 1882
Publisher: Philadelphia : L.H. Everts & Co.
Number of Pages: 1314

USA > Pennsylvania > Fayette County > History of Fayette County, Pennsylvania : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 106

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EARLY SETTLEMENTS AND INDUSTRIES.

Within the territory now embraced in the limits of the borough and township of Bridgeport the carliest landholder of whom any account is found was Capt. Lemuel Barrett, a native of Maryland, who, in 1763, obtained "a military permit from the commandant at Fort Pitt, for the purpose of cultivating lands within the eustom limits of the garrison then called Fort Burd," the military work which had been built four years earlier on the other side of Dunlap's Creek. The land embraced in this "military per- mit" was the site of the town of Bridgeport, but no patent covering it was ever issned to Barrett, nor did he ever hold any title to it under Pennsylvania war- rant or Virginia certificate, his being merely a

" claim" which the later owner of the land thought it expedient to purchase in order to secure an unques- tioned title. In fact, there were other claims, result- ing from the same class of military permits, which adjoined and to some extent overlapped and con- flieted with that of Barrett. These were chiefly above and south of the present territory of Bridge- port borough,1 yet there was one, Angus McDonald,

2 " The land just above Bridgeport, on the river, embracing some three or four hundred acres, was in early times," says Judge Veech, "the subject of long and angry controversies-from 1769 to 1785-between adverse claimants under military permits. It was well named in the official survey which one of the parties procured of it under a Pennsyl- vania location 'Bone of Contention.' Ono Angus McDonald claimed it, or part of it, under a military permit from Col. Bouquet, dated April 26, 1763, and a settlement on it. In March, 1770, he sold his claim to Capt. Luke Collins, describing the land as 'at a place called Fort Burd, to in- cindle the field cleared by me whero the saw-pit [doubtless a suw-p't constructed by Col. Burd's men when building the fort] was, above the mouth of Delap's [Dunlap's] Creek.' Collins conveyed it to Capt. Michael Cresap, on the 13th of April, 1772, 'at half-past nino in the morning,' describing it as situate ' between Point Lookout and Jobn Martin's land,' recently owned, we believe, by the late Mrs. John S. Kreppe. Cresap's executors in June, 1781, conveyed to one Williamt Schooley, an old Brownsville merchant, who conveyed to Rees Cadwal- lader. The adverse claimants were llenry Shyrock [of Frederick County, Md.] and William Shearer, assignee of George Andrew. Their claim reached farther southward towards the creek, and farther up the river, covering the John Martin land. They sold ont to Robert Adams and Thomas Shain, Although they had the oldest permit (in 1762) their title seems to have been overcome by the settlement and othcial location and survey of their adversary.

"One Robert Thorn seems also lo have been a claimant of part of the land, but Collins bought him ont. This protracted controversy involved many curious questions, and called up many ancient recollections. No doubt the visit to this locality of Mr. Deputy Sheriff Woods, of Bedford, in 1771, was parcel of this controversy. Many of these early claims were lost or forfeited by neglect to settle the land according to law, and thus were supplanted by others. They were valued by their owners at a very low mark, and often sold for trifling sume.

" These settlements by virtue of military permits began about this period-from 1760 to 1765-to be somewhat numerous in the vicinity of Forts Pitt aud Bord, and along the army roads leading thereto. They were subsequently recognized as valid by the Peuns even before they had bought out the Indian title. This was a departure from their gen- eral policy, required to maintain those forts and keep up access to them. They were indeed regarded as mere appendages to the foris, and as ac- cessories to the trade and intercourse with the Indians, and not as per-

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HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

who asserted his ownership, under such claim, of lands embracing a considerable part of the land now embraced in Bridgeport.

In 1783, Rees Cadwallader acquired by purchase the claims of both Angus McDonald (which in the mean time had passed through several intermediate hands) and of Capt. Lemuel Barrett to the lands now embraced in the borough of Bridgeport. He had already taken steps to obtain a title under the State of Pennsylvania, and received a warrant of survey which secured it, but the patent did not issue to him until Oct. 1, 1787. The name of the tract, as mentioned in the warrant and patent, was "Peace," a very appropriate designation to give it in token of the final settlement of the conflict of claims to it and contiguous territory.

Rees Cadwallader was then the first permanent settler in what is now the borough of Bridgeport. His residence was on the bank of Dunlap's Creek, and farther up that stream he built a mill, where the "Prospect Mills" of William H. Miller now stand. The race started from the creek, at a log dam (lo- cated where the present dam is), and ran round the foot of the hill to the mill. Another mill was built soon afterwards by Jonah Cadwallader at the point where Harvey Leonard's saw-mill now stands, on the creek at the borough line.

Isaac Rogers came from Chester County, Pa., to Bridgeport about 1795, and erected a dwelling where John Springer's warehouse now stands. He was a merchant, and opened a store in a frame building that stood on the lot now occupied by Joseph Rogers. About 1804 he went into business with Rees Cadwal- lader, in a store that stood on a lot now vacant, oppo- site Dr. Hubbs' drug store. He was also a justice of the peace for years. He had five children. His only son, Thomas, studied law in Uniontown with John Lyon, was admitted to the bar in 1822, and practiced in that town for several years. He was captain of the " Jackson Artillerists," and was accidentally killed while on the way to take part in an encampment of troops at Pittsburgh. His sister, Affinity Rogers (sec- ond daughter of Isaac), became the wife of Samuel B. Page (a son of Jonathan Page, of Connellsville), who came to Bridgeport in 1826. Some years after the death of his wife he married Mary, another daughter of Isaac Rogers. IIe (Page) was by trade a shoe- maker, and started a shoemaker's shop in Bridgeport in 1827. For a few years after his coming to Bridge- port he worked at his trade and also kept a shoe- store. In 1832 he went as a clerk on one of the river steamboats. He afterwards became a builder and owner of steamboats, which ran on the Monongahela and Ohio, and by his activity and enterprise accumu- lated considerable property. In 1843 he purchased

manent settlements for home and subsistence. The Monongahela River below Fort Burd, being in fact an army highway, came in for a share of these favors. Their aggregate was few, and they were often far be- tween."

David Binns' place on the hill, and lived there until 1861, when he sold to Levi Colvin. In 1856 he was elected member of Assembly. He died in July, 1878. His widow now resides in Brownsville.

The town of Bridgeport was laid out by Rees Cad- wallader in 1794. The first sales of lots in the town were made by him, late in the year 1795, and after that they were sold with considerable rapidity. On the 3d of November, in the year mentioned, he con- veyed "to the Citizens of Bridgeport a plat of land for a public ground, commencing at the North West extremity of Bank Street, and running along said street one hundred and sixty-five feet to Water Street, and up Water Street to - Street, along said street one hundred and forty-eight feet to the Monongahela River."

In June, 1796, Rees Cadwallader, Jonas Cattle [Cattell ?], and Obed Garwood, of Fayette County, and Amos Hongh, of Washington County, sold to Samuel Jackson, John Dixon, and William Dixon, of Fayette County, and Ebenezer Walker, of West- moreland County, "Trustees in behalf of the People called Quakers," eight acres of land, which had been patented to Andrew Gudgel, June 10, 1788, and by him sold on the 18th of October following to Rees Cadwallader and the other grantors above named.

Feb. 29, 1799, Rees Cadwallader sold to the Friends' society three acres of land in Bridgeport, comprising the Quaker grounds on the hill, on a part of which the present union school-house stands. On this plat was set apart the earliest burial-ground of Bridgeport.

Rees Cadwallader died a few years after the com- mencement of the present century, and a large num- ber of town lots then remaining unsold passed to the possession of his heirs. His sons emigrated to Zanes- ville, Ohio, some years afterwards, and none of his descendants are now living in Bridgeport or vicinity.

Robert Rogers, who was for a period of almost sixty years a well-known and enterprising citizen of Bridge- port and Brownsville, was a nephew of Isaac Rogers, whose settlement in Bridgeport about 1795 is noticed above. Robert was born in Queen Anne County, Md., Jan. 15, 1794, and after the death of his father, in 1806, lived with an uncle until the fall of 1807. At that time another unele (Lambert Boyer), who had settled in Washington County, Pa., visited Mary- land, and it was decided that Robert Rogers should return with him to the West. They accordingly set out on their long journey across the mountains, hav- ing only one horse for the two travelers. This " ride- and-tie" method of journeying (in which doubtless the boy Robert performed most of the pedestrian part) was a slow process, but they finally reached that im- portant point in the western bound travel of that day, -the month of Dunlap's Creek. This for Robert was the end of the journey, for here he found his uncle, Isaac Rogers, with whom it was decided he should

467

BRIDGEPORT BOROUGH AND TOWNSIIIP.

remain,-his uncle Boyer proceeding on to his home west of the Monongahela.

On his arrival at Bridgeport young Robert Rogers was placed in the store of his unele Isaac, and also attended school during the small portion of the time in which schools were then taught at this place. In the fall of 1809 he was apprenticed in Bridgeport to Cephas Gregg1 (who had himself just completed his apprenticeship with Jacob Webb) to learn the trade of potter. "I continued work" [says Mr. Rogers2] "at my trade as apprentice till the middle of January, 1815, when I was twenty-one. Then I left Bridgeport on a flat-boat, and went to Pittsburgh for work." The night before he started on this trip from Bridgeport there was a deep fall of snow. The river was so low that on arriving, in the middle of the night, at Bald- win's mill-dam, near Cookstown (Fayette City), and attempting to run the chute, the boat struck on the rocks, "and, being iron-loaded, sunk immediately and we had to climb on the roof, which was still out of water." Some of Baldwin's people came with a boat and took them off, and they stayed at the house until morning, but nearly perished of cold. This was on the Fayette County side of the river. In the morn- ing Rogers and others started on down the river on foot, and after a most fatiguing day's travel reached Elizabethtown in the evening. The next day he walked to Pittsburgh, and there " obtained employ- ment in a queensware factory at the head of 'Hog Pond' [between Grant and Smithfield Streets], lately established by a Scotchman from Edinboro' named Trotter [a man ' who ' was seven feet tall in his boots, and being rather slim looked even taller']. Queens- ware was scarce, and ours sold readily and high, com- mon yellow cups and saucers at one dollar per set, and heavy, clumsy ones they were." The diary continues : " This spring [1815], while working in Pittsburgh, news came of the treaty of Ghent and the battle of New Orleans, in consequence the town was illuminated. Soon after peace foreign ware began to come in, and we could not compete. . . . I returned to Bridgeport and Trotter to Scotland. . . . On my arrival at Bridgeport I went to work with John Riley (who was carrying on another shop from the one I learned my trade in), and continued with him till late in the fall of 1815. . . . " Then he was employed on a steamboat on the river; visited New Orleans in the spring of 1816; in the following fall returned to Bridgeport, where he was married in October of that year, and " undertook to carry on the shop for Cephas Gregg on shares." In the spring of 1818 he again went on the river, but soon returned to Bridgeport,

and during the almost half-century of his subsequent life was prominent in matters of business enterprise, both in Bridgeport and Brownsville, to which last- named place he removed his residence in April, 1834. He died of paralysis on the 27th of January, 1866, aged seventy-two years.

The journal of Robert Rogers, from which extracts have been given above, contains the following re- marks, having reference to the business of Bridge- port from the time of his arrival there in 1807, viz. :

"It was some time after this that the National road was built from Cumberland west, and there was great emigratiom from the Eastern States and from Europe. They crossed the mountains and came to Redstone Old Fort, and the road was so long and rough that the emigrants would be so tired when they got here that they seldom went beyond this by land, but mostly in flat-boats called arks, floating only with the current. These were mostly twenty to fifty feet long, and twelve to sixteen feet wide, put together with wooden pins (no spikes in use), generally poplar gunwales, roof of thin boards, doubled and bent, and fastened with wooden pins. . . . It was big business here to supply emigrants with these boats, provisions, farming implements, and housekeeping articles to take with them. When the National road was com- pleted to the Monongahela River, the arrivals of emi- grants [meaning those who stopped here to construct or purchase boats] was very great for several years; but after the road was extended then emigration was divided, some taking that route. In the early days there were considerable quantities of flour and apples shipped hence to New Orleans in large flats. It took a long time to make this trip, as the river was not then well known, and they could not run at night. Country produce was then very low here, and merchants and mechanics had a good time, as living was very cheap. " About 1811, Daniel French arrived here from Philadelphia with big schemes of manufacturing, steamboat building, and navigating Western waters. He told people great advantages would accrue, and in- duced many prominent citizens to subscribe to stock for a cotton manufactory and two steamboats, all new to people here ; but they were wise enough to se- cure charters for each company, viz., one for the fac- tory and one for steamboats, and, as they felt a deep interest and believed French, the people subscribed liberally to both. Work commenced, but the enter- prise was new to all, and it was a long time before it was completed. And when they were ready there was no one experienced in running factories or steamboats, and neither enterprise made money, but run in debt, and the factory was sold by the sheriff, and the boats were sold by the company after they bad run them as long as there seemed any hope of profit." The building and operation of the old factory and the company's two steamboats will be more fully men- tioned in another place in this history.

1 Cephas Gregg's pottery-works were located where the new brick house of Seaburn Crawford now stands. They were afterwards carried on by Robert Rogers, with his other business, for about thirty years.

From about 1814 John Riley had a pottery where Herbertson's ma- chine-shops now are. Riley's pottery was in operation as late as the year 1820, and probably after that time.

2 In a diary of his which is still in existence, and from which these extracts in reference to him are made.

468

IIISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

INCORPORATION OF THE BOROUGH AND ERECTION OF THE TOWNSHIP OF BRIDGEPORT.

The incorporation of Bridgeport as a borough was effected by an act of Assembly approved March 9, 1814, by which it was provided and declared " That the town of Bridgeport, in the county of Fayette, shall be ! and the same is hereby erected into a borough, which shall be called the borough of Bridgeport, which borough shall be comprised within the following boundaries, to wit : Beginning at the mouth of Dun- lap's Creek ; thence up the Monongahela River with the several meanders thereof one hundred and forty- eight perches; thence leaving the river . . . [and proceeding by a number of described courses and dis- tances] . . . to the north abutment of Jonah Cad- wallader's mill-dam ; thence down the meanders of Dunlap's Creek to the place of beginning."

The second Tuesday in May next following was designated in the act as the day for holding the first borough election. The meeting was held accordingly, and resulted in the election of the following-named persons as the first officers of the borough of Bridge- port : Burgess, Samuel Jones ; Councilmen, John Cock, Joseph Truman, Enos Grave, Morris Truman, John Bentley, William Cock. The reason why the full number of (nine) councilmen was not elected does not appear.

At the April sessions of the Fayette County court in 1815 a petition of citizens of Bridgeport borough was presented, praying that the said borough be erected into a township. Upon this petition the court ap- pointed Charles Porter, Israel Gregg, and William Ewing commissioners to inquire into and report on the propriety of granting the prayer of the peti- tioners. At the August sessions next following the committee submitted a favorable report, which was approved, and at the November term in the same year the court confirmed the proceedings and issued ! an order erecting the "township of the borough of Bridgeport ;" its boundaries being the same as those of Bridgeport borough.

LIST OF TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH OFFICERS.

Following is a list of the officers of the borough and township of Bridgeport from their organization to the present time. It is not, however, claimed that it is entirely accurate or complete, but this is wholly due to the loose and careless manner in which the clerks have kept the records, from which source alone such information can properly be obtained.

BOROUGH OFFICERS.

IS14 .- Burgess, Samuel Jones; Conneil, John Cock, Joseph Truman, Enos Grave. Morris Trumau, Jobo Bentley, Wil- liam Cock ; Clerk, Enos Grave.

1815 .- Burgess, Morris Truman : Council, James Meek, Enos Grave, William Troth, Joseph Truman, John Bouvier, Elisha Gregg ; Clerk, Enos Grave.

1816 .- Burgess, Henry Troth ; Conneil, Morris Truman, Joseph Truman, John Morgan, John Bonvier, William Troth,1 Enos Grave, Asa Richards, Robert Patterson, George Car- ruthers ; Clerk, John Bouvier.

1817 .- Burgess, George Carruthers; Couneil, James Meek, William Coek, Evan Chalfant, James JJulehinson, John Nelan, Jesse Ong, Cephas Gregg, Andrew Porter, Israel Gregg ; Clerk, James Meek.

ISIS .- Burgess, Cephas Gregg; Couneil, IJenry Troth, John Morgan, Joseph Truman, Andrew Porter, Amos Townsend, William Cock, Evan Chalfant, Levi Burden, Abraham Kimber ; Clerk, Jubn Morgan.

IS19 .- Burgess, William Cock; Council, James Meek, Levi Burden, Amos Townsend, Abraham Kimber, Evan Chal- fant, IJenry Willis, John Morgan, Joseph Truman, Henry Troth ; Clerk, John Morgan.

1820 .- Burgess, Solomon G. Krepps; Council, Amos Townsend, Henry Willis, Joseph Truman, John Morgan, Robert Rogers, Robert Bathe, Morris Truman, Washington Iluugh, and Levi Burden ; Clerk, John Morgan.

182I .- Burgess, Solomon G. Krepps; Couneil, Robert Rogers, John Lanning, Robert Patterson, James Tumlinson, James Meek, Moses Dennall, John Nelan, Adolph Miuehart, Robert Baldwin ; Clerk, Robert Rogers.

I822 .- Burgess, Solomon G. Kropps ; Council, James Reynolds, Adolph Minehart, Nicholas Swearer, Jr., Amos Townsend. Thomas Bang, Moses Duroal, John Smedley,2 John Nelan, Daniel Worley ; Clerk, Daniel Worley.

1823 .- Burgess, James Meek ; Council, James Reynolds, Nich- olas Swearer, Jr., Moses Durnal, John Lanning, Amos Townsend, John Nelan, John Arnold, Sulomon G. Krepps, John Gatenby ; Clerk, James Truman.

1823, September .- Burgess, Joseph Truman ; Council, Joel Oxley, James Truman.

1824 .- Burgess, Joseph Truman ; Council, James Townsend, John Nelan, Amos Townsend, Thomas L. Rogers, John Gatenby, Robert Rogers, Washington JJough, Muses Dur- nal, John Lanning; Clerk, James Truman.

1825 .- Burgess, Joseph Truman ; Couneil, Benedict Kimber, John Troth, Thomas Burke, Thomas Berry, John Lan- ning. Caleb Ilunt, Solomon G. Krepps, James Truman, Washington Hough ; Clerk, James Truman.

1826 .- Burgess, Thomas G. Lamb; Council, John Troth, Bene- dict Kimber, Robert Booth, James Reynolds, Amos Town- send, Joel Painter, Solomon G. Krepps, Caleb Hunt, Jubn Nelan ; Clerk, James Truman.

1827 .- Burgess, Joshua Wood: Council, Benediet Kimber, James Truman, Robert Kimber, Rees C. Jones, Robert Booth, David II. Chalfint, Peter Swearer, John Troth, John Vanhook ; Clerk, James Truman.

1828 .- Burgess, Benedict Kimber; Couneil, Robert Booth, Samuel B. Page, Thomas Acklin, Joshua Vernon, Joseph Reynolds, Joseph Manner, Peter Swearer, James Reynolds, Jr., Robert Kimber ; Clerk, Jaines Reynolds, Jr.

1829 .- Burgess, James Reynolds, Sr. ; Couneil, David II Chal- fant, Amos Townsend, Robert Kimber, James Reynolds, Jr., Samnel B. Page, Joshua Vernon, Joshua Wood, Robert Booth, James Moffat ; Clerk, James Reynolds.

1830 .- Burgess, Joseph Truman ;3 Council, Adolph Minehart, Joel Oxley, David Binns, Amos Townsend, Ebenezer Shiun,

1 William Truth died in July, 1816; Amos Townsend was elected to fill the vacancy.

2 George Smedley elected, rice John Smedley, resigned.

3 Francis Worcester elected burgess 13th of May, 1829, rice Joseph Trumau.

469

BRIDGEPORT BOROUGH AND TOWNSHIP.

Samuel Jones, Tilson Fuller, James Reynolds, Benedict Kimber; Clerk, Jeel Oxley.

1831 .- Burgess, John Lanning; Council, Jeel Oxley, James Reynolds, Adolph Minehart, Meses Durnell, Samuel B. Johnson, Peter Swearer, Tilson Fuller, Isaac Banks ; Clerk, Joel Oxley.

1832 .- Burgess, John Gatenhy; Council, Washington Hough, David Binns, Michael Miller, Andrew Hopkins, Joseph Reynolds, Isaac Bennett, James Moffitt, Abel Coffin, Charles MeFall ; Clerk, Washington Hough.

1833 .- Burgess, Andrew Hopkins ; Couccil, Tilson Fuller, James Reynolds, Jr., Joshua Armstrong, John Buffington, John Riley, Thomas Acklin, Joseph Manner, David H. Chalfant, Andrew Porter ; Clerk, James Reynolds, Jr.

1834 .- Burgess, Themas Duncan ; Council, David II. Chalfant, Joshun Armstrong, John Buffington, Joseph Manoer, James W. Moffitt, James Reynolds, Joel Oxley, Andrew Porter; Clerk, Joel Oxley.

1835 .- Burgess, Benedict Kimber; Council, Thomas Duncan, D. II. Chalfant, Moses Darnall, Joel Oxley, Joseph Man- ner, Nicholas Swearer, Jebn Buffington, Andrew Porter ; Clerk, Joel Oxley.

1836 .- Burgess, James Truman ; Council, Joshua Wood, John Pringle, Joel Oxley, Joseph Reynolds, Charles MeFall, Caleb Woodward, Benedict Kimber, Joseph T. Rogers, Iden V. Ball ; Clerk, John Morgan.

1837 .- Burgess, James Truman ; Council, Joel Oxley, Iden V. Ball, Charles McFall, Joshua Armstrong, Joseph Reynolds, John Pringle, Benedict Kimber, Jonathan Binns, Johe Gateohy ; Clerk, Johe Morgan.

1838 .- Burgess, James Truman ; Council. John S. Pringle, Al- bert G. Bathe, Robert Kimber, William Iloover, Thomas Duncan, Joshua Armstrong, Jonathan Binns, Thomas Craven, Daniel Councilman ; Clerk, John Morgan.

1839 .- Burgess, John Herbertson; Council, Peter Swearer, John Riley, Adolph Minehart, Charles McFall, Albert G. Bathe, Benedict Kimber, Henry Bulger, James Berry ; Clerk, John Morgan.

1840 .- Burgess, James Truman ; Council, Noah Worcester, John Troth, Aaron Bronson, James Berry, John W. Porter, Meses Durnal, Joseph T. Rogers, William Hoover, Thomas Craven ; Clerk, John Morgan.

1841 .- Burgess, James Truman; Council, Jonathan Binns, Thomas Gregg, Thomas Faull, Milton Woodward, Thomas Craven, Noah Worcester, William Heever, William C. Fishburn, Joseph T. Rogers; Clerk, HI. Cusson.

1842 .- Burgess, Thomas Faull; Council, William C. Fishbarn, Thomas Duncan, James Berry, James McDonwold, Leon- ard Lainhart, Robert Mitchell, Joseph Reynolds, Adolph Minehart, James Goe; Clerk, H. Casson.

1843 .- Burgess, John Herbertson; Council, C. C. Sherwood, Aaron Branson, Noah Wereester, James C. Auld, N. G. Mason, William Hoover, Calvin Richey, James Berry, Thomas Gregg; Clerk, II. Casson.

1844 .- Burgess, James C. Auld ; Council, John Herbertson, lienry Bulger, Benedict Kimber, James Truman, Milton Woodward, James Goc, Samuel Worcester, Henry Troth, Robert Mitchell; Clerk, Henry Casson.

1845 .- Burgess, Moses Darnell; Council, James Goe, John Herbertsen, Zeph. Carter, James C. Auld, Thomas Craven, Anren Branson, John W. Porter, William Wharf, Thomas Gregg ; Clerk, fleury Casson.

1846 .- Burgess, Moses Durnell ; Council, Themas Duncan, John Springer, Thomas Faull, James Truman, George Stein- metz, Robert Wilson, William Wharf, Benedict Kimber, Henry Truth; Clerk, lfenry Casson.

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History of Fayette County, Pennsylvania : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Part 106

Author: Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885 Publication date: 1882 Publisher: Philadelphia : L.H. Everts & Co. Number of Pages: 1314

Author: Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885
Publication date: 1882
Publisher: Philadelphia : L.H. Everts & Co.
Number of Pages: 1314