History of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Part 105

Author: Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885; Evans, Samuel, 1823-1908, joint author
Publication date: 1883
Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa. : Everts & Peck
Number of Pages: 1320

USA > Pennsylvania > Lancaster County > History of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 105

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Natural Features .-- The surface is gently undu- lating, sufficiently so for the proper drainage of the soil. Along the northern boundary the township is einetured by the South Mountain, covered with fine forests, and principally owned by R. W. Cole- man's estate. The surface slopes gently southward, with a few elevations near the central part, and a per- Railroad, which crosses the southern section of the

1 Contributed by Israel G. Erb.

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HISTORY OF LANCASTER COUNTY.

limestone, except along the foot of South Mountain, Manheim; all that portion of Penn township hereto- where sand predominates. The elevated portions of fore included in the Sixteenth Election District shall be, and the same is, hereby erected into a separate election district ; and the electors within the bounds thereof shalt hereafter hold their general elections at the public-house of Jacob Ziegler, in the village of Lititz; Provided, That the qualified voters of the township of Penn be, and they are hereby, author- ized to hold their spring elections for township offi- vers at the house now occupied by Christian Hershey, and that Abraham Kauffman act as judge, and John M. Summy and John H. Spickler as inspectors at the next election for said township of Penn." the township are generally gravel. Chiquesalunga (('hikis) Creek skirts the western boundary, and forms an important watercourse both for agricultural and industrial purposes. Through an intelligent system of farming by the pioneers and their successors the soil has been brought to a high state of cultivation, and is very productive. A very large number of cat- tle are fed annually, and large quantities of lime are put on the land, which produces very fine and large quantities of tobacco. The greater part of the soil is under cultivation, the timber having been reduced very much during the last decade, except a small tract here and there, and the heavy growth on South Moun- tain.

Early Settlers .- Penn township is exclusively set- tled by Pennsylvania Germans, who constitute an industrious and economical element, Among the old families, descendants of whom are still living in the district, were the Keaths, Kreiners, Beckers, Hagys, and Meyers, whose ancestors came here as early a- 1735. These carly settlers mostly located along the foot of South Mountain, and extended their dominions south- ward to what is now called Unionville and White Oak, the latter place having been started in 1794 on the Chikis Creek.

Among others were the Hostetters, Hersheys, Snavelys, Bambergers, Gibbles, Reists, Kanflmans, Gingrichs, and Erbs, most of whom immigrated to this country from Switzerland and other parts of Europe on account of religious persecutions front 1720 to 1735. A deed for five hundred and eighty- three and three-quarters acres of land near Chi- kis Creek, adjoining lands of John Gingrich, and vacant lands by John, Thomas, and Richard Penn, dated the 10th day of February, 1735, the ninth Britain, etc., and the eighteenth year of our govern- ment, to one Christian Bamberger, is evidence of the time of the settlement of some of the above-named early settlers. Most of the last-named settled along the central part of what is now called Penn town- ship, in the limestone region, and gave it the name Grube Land. Of all the families whose names are mentioned, descendants are still scattered over the territory, and chiefly remain where their forefathers first located. The history of most of them is so ob- seure that no traces of the exact time of settlement can be found anywhere.

Pennsylvania of 1816, page 93, section 62:

The first election was held at the public-house of Christ. Hershey, March 20, 1846, and the following- named persons elected township officers: John M. Summy, justice of the peace for five years; John F. Hummer, assessor; Christ. Stehman and John Stauffer, assistant assessors; Daniel Lied and Mathias Iloffer, supervisors; David Weidman, auditor for one year; Benjamin Stauffer, for two years; and George B. Sho- ber, Esq., for three years; Christ, Stehman and Isaac Stauffer, school directors for one year ; Jobin llostet- ter and Christ, Kreiter, for two years; George Dutt, Joseph Erb (resigned), for three years; Christ. Hershey, township elerk; John Spickler, constable; Christ. Stehman, judge; Isaac Hollinger and Jacob Neavling, inspectors for Lititz district, The second election was held at the same place, March 19, 1847, and the following-named persons elected township officers: John F. Hammer, assessor ; Jesse MeMullin, constable ; Jacob Cross and Abr. Minnich, supervisors; Peter Reist, auditor; John Kemper, Haac Stauffer, llenry Snavely, school directors; Christ. Hershey, township eterk; John H. Spickler, judge; Augustus Hall and Martin Hambright, inspectors for Lititz distriet.

year of the reign of George the Second over Great . Act of 1848, p. 61, sect. 8: "That hereafter the qualified eleetors of the township of Penn, in the county of Lancaster, shall hold their general elections at the public-house of Christ. Hershey, in said town- ship." Signed by William F. Packer, Speaker of the House of Representatives; William Williamson, Speaker of the Senate. Approved the 15th day of February, 15-18, Francis R. Shunk, Governor.

After the passage of this act all elections were held at the public-house of Christ. Hershey.

The following is a synopsis of the township record from 1848 to 1883. Names of all the justices of the peace: John Hummer, 1850; Eml. Bollinger, David Kauffinan, 1866; H. R. Hull, 1867; Israel G. Erb and S. J. Beard, Is68; Israel G. Erb, 1869; S. J. Beard, 1873; S. J. Beard and Nath. Baddorf, 1878; Jacob Mace and N. S. Baddorf, 1883.

We give the following extract from the laws of : 1852; John N. Eby, 1853; E. II. Gingrich, 1961;

" From and after the passage of this act that por- tion of Penn township, in the county of Lancaster, heretofore included in the Seventh Election District, shall be, and the same is, hereby erected into a sepa- School directors: John Hostetter and Matthias Esq., 1849; John Hershey and Martin Hershey, 1850; Matthias Hoffer and Isaac Stauffer, 1851 ; Peter Leib rate election distriet ; and the . electors within the ' Hoffer, 1848; Benjamin Stauffer, George B., Sholer, bonuds thereof shall hold their general elections at the public-house of Jacob Hoover, in the borough of

PENN TOWNSHIP.

1003

and Peter Gibble, 1852; John Hershey and Martin Hershey, 1853.

From 1853 to 1864 the township record is missing At the election held at the public-house now kept by Jacob Busser, April 11, 1864, for school directors, Abraham Minnich and Henry Snavely were chosen ; and those subsequently elected were David Beck and Andrew A. Zug, 1865; Jesse Gibble and Henry E. Stehman, 1866; Peter Sellers, David Eichholtz, and Henry Connelly, 1867; John M. Stelomman and E. S. Falun, 1868; H. S. Snavely and James Boyd, 1869. The same year an election was held in Octo- ber, and Jonas B. Erb and Jacob H. Strickler elec- ted school directors. John M. Stehman and E. S. Sahm, 1870. (No record of 1871.) John S. Weidman and James Boyd, 1872; Jonas B. Erb and John Greybill, 1873; John B. Reist and Jacob E. Behm, 1871; J. G. Cassel and Charles Dichm, 1875; John H. Cassel and Jonas B. Erb, 1876 ; Cyrus R. Dohner aod Samuel Shirk, 1877; S. S. Hauenstein and Sam- uel D. Hoffer, 1878; Henry E. Hershey and Samuel II. Erb, 1879; Samuel Shirk and Joseph Heruly, 1880; George Herman and D. E. Shimpf, [88]; Sam- uel II. Erb and John H. Kreider, 1882; Peter Z. Hershey and Joseph HI. Hernly, 1883. Supervisors : David Weidman and Jacob Hernly, 1848; JJacob Erb and John Bamberger, 1849: Isaac Baumnberger and Jacob Ritter, 1850; William Schreiner and Christ. Hershey, 1851; Benjamin Boddorf and Emil Keener, 1852; Emil Keener and Benjamin Boddort, 1853. (No record from 1853 to 1864 ) Benjamin McQuaid and Joseph Connelly, 1864; B. MeQuaid and Emil Keener, 1865; Elias E. Reist and Jarob L. Dommoy, 1866; same for 1867; P. M. Will and II. Helman, 1868; Elias E. Reist and P. M. Will, 1869 ; election · of October, 1869, Josiah HI. Gibble and Peter M. Will ; Benjamin J. MeQuaid and Emil Keener, 1870; Benja- min J. MeQuaid and George Herman, 1872. ( No record of 1871.) Abram R. Hershey and Jacob Kran, 1873; Henry I. Cassel and Jacob Krall, 1874; Henry IF. Cassel and Abram E. Behm, 1875; Henry H. Cassel and Emil Keener, 1876; Henry E. Hershey and William B. Miller, 1877-88; Samuel Diehm and Thomas Keath, 1879; A. A. Zook and Samuel Dichm, 1880; same in 1881 ; William B. Miller and Thomas Keath, 1882; F. R. Metzer and William B. Miller, 1883.

The town contains the famous White Oak Church, a store, two hotels, a coach-works, a blacksmith-shop, and cigar-factories. Penn is located on the same road, about a mile east, and it has a store, post-office, and several .private buildings. Molly Plasterer's hotel was the first known, and was famous in its time as the headquarters for the mountaineers. This old and well-known hotel was formerly located in the village of Penn, and the date of its'erection is lost. Junction is at the intersection of the Reading and Columbia and Lancaster Branch Railroads, and de- rived its name from the junction of the two roads. This is a new place by name. It had its origin in 1867, when the Lancaster Branch Railroad was built, and it is quite a flourishing place. II. S. Snavely, one of the descendants of the original Snavely family here, is running a large steam- and water-power flour- ing-mill at this place, with a grain elevator attached of a capacity of about eight thousand bushels. The mill was first built by Jacob Snavely in 1807. and run with water-power until very recently. Here, too, is the place where the first apple jack in the township is supposed to have been distilled, but only the spot where the life-preserving spirits were distilled re- mains. J. S. Hershey, a descendant of the pioneer Hershey, is carrying on the mercantile business at this place. Besides these there are a hotel, black- smith-shop, warehouse, and coal-yard, and a very beautiful railroad depot has been erected within the last few years by the Reading and Columbia Rail- road Company. Surrounding this place are some of the finest limestone farms anywhere to be found in the county of Lancaster, and the land on which this thriving little village is located is part of the old Hershey farm ; population, one hundred and twenty- five. Lime Rock, merely a station on the aforesaid railroad, about one mile west of Lititz, was first located by Dr. J. C. Brobst in the year 1880, who erected a commodious warehouse, ticket-office, post- office, blacksmith-shop, and other buildings, The place has a coal-yard, and large drawing and other limekilns. Over fifteen thousand bushels of lime are burned here annually. This place is famous for large quantities of limestone, which yield ninety-two per cent. of lime, large quantities of which are shipped annually. A vein of moukling sand, ten feet high and eight feet wide, is also found at this place. The land originally belonged to the Gable family, and the place was named because of the in- exhaustible quantity of limestone there. Mount Vernon, halt a mile south of Lime Rock (with a hotel, cigar-factory, and blacksmith-shop), Souders- town, and White Oak are small hamlets off the rail- road. The four post-offices are Penn, White Oak, Junction, and Lime Rock.

Villages and Hamlets .- There are three small towns of note, Penn, Unionville, and Junction. Unionville is by far the oldest town, computing from the time the church near by was built. Its time of beginning was about one hundred and fifty years back, and it has changed names several times, having been originally ealled White Oak, which name is ! still given to another little hamlet about one mile west of it. Unionville is built on the old Newport Schools .- The system of education in Penn town- ship in the early part of its existence was very defee- tive. Short terms of three and four months were road, leading to Mount Hope Furnace. This was one of the oldest and most important thorough fares known, and it is now called the Lititz and Mount Hope road. I taught by the day, at the rate of three cents per day

1004

HISTORY OF LANCASTER COUNTY.

per pupil. The buildings were small, dingy log cabins and old meeting-houses. The school apparatus con- sisted of several flat tables; a large wood-stove, with a capacity of holding very near one-fourth of a cord of wood; a few books, such as Byerly's Spelling- Book, Rose and Pike Arithmeties, some very old Ger- man arithmeties, calculating mostly pound, shillings, and pence, English and German Testaments, as in those days that sacred book was used as a class-book ; a slate-pencil, oftentimes made out of a gravel-stone; a goose-quill, a solution of indigo for ink, and about six sheets of paper (foolseap) sewed together for a copy-book; no blackboards. A teacher suitable to the times, often a worn-out day laborer, who was obliged to give from three to four lessons a day in reading, which was considered in old days absolutely necessary. Very little attention was paid to arith- metic. Grammar, geography, and mental arithmetic were not known, and when first introduced met with a powerful opposition, which retarded their progress in a great measure. It was the duty of the teacher oftentimes to give the pupils double recitations, Eng- lish and German, mostly in the Testament, No printed copy-books. The teacher had to set them, or, in other words, head them, some in mixed Eng- lish and others in Pennsylvania Dutch, just as parents desired. This mode of teaching went on with little improvement until about 1848, when a desire for better education manifested itself, and the "free school system" was accepted, and since the schools have been improving, and assume a standard equal to any in the county. The number of schools is eleven, and the term six months. No others but teachers with permanent certificates, or rank No. 1 in the practice of teaching, with a salary of from $+ to $50 per month, are employed. About 533 pupils of school age are in the district; the average per- centage of attendance i- 88; number mills levied for school purposes, 12; total amount of tax levied for school and building purposes in 1882. $3343.40; State appropriation, 8473.24. The school-houses are all well built, most of them of brick, mounted with a belfry ; have large and commodious play-grounds, and the school apparatus is of the very best, modern im- proved desks and the best series of school-books.

Churches .- There are eight churches in the town- ship,-two Mennonite, four Dunker, one Episcopal, a Lutheran and Reformed ( Union) at Unionville, which is by far the oldest church known. Its history dates back to 1735, the time the first church was built. The second was built in the year 1832 ( the old one hay- ing been torn away). This has since been remodeled and mounted with a large bell. This congregation has a small farm of about twenty-sis acres, with im- veproments, besides the church property, which is held jointly by the Lutheran and Reformed congregations. Schlatter gave them the sacrament in 1747, when seventy communed. He left them in 1752, at which time the following three persons were elders: Peter . Salins, and others. On the farm of Benjamin

Becker, Wendel Laber, and Adam Keener. Baptisms and confirmations are recorded in the old record, but not communicants. The first baptism was in the year 174l, and from that time an unbroken succession was kept up to 1766. The first class of catechumens re- corded was for the year 1749, and consisted of sixteen persons, -nine male- and seven females. This congre- gation was exclusively Reformed till 1766, when a deed was procured for a Union Church. Application for said deed was made March 26, 1752, the tract of land was surveyed Dec. 22, 1752, and the deed was granted Sept. 4, 1766, under King George III., and in the forty-ninth year of the proprietary government, signed by John Penn.

The following pastors officiated at this 'church up to 1883: Revs. John Waldschmid, 1752-86; Anthony Ilautz, 1786-90; John Christian Wilms, 1790-1802; Charles Helfen-tein, 1803-7; John Theobald Faber, 1807-19; Frederick A. Herman, 1819-23; Daniel Ilertz, 1823-31 ; Jacob Leymeister, 1831-33; Samuel Seibert, 1833-37; C. Weiler, 1837-49; Henry N. B. Habliston, 1849-50; Isaac Gerhart, 1850-59; W. T. Gerhart, 1859-70; and D. C. Tobias, 1870-83. Con- neeted with this church is one of the largest ceme- teries in the district. Over fifteen hundred persons lie buried there whose remains are marked with stones of some sort, and about half as many more without marks, as is frequently found in digging graves, when old coffins and remains are struck. On this vast burial-ground, among the hundreds buried there, rest the remains of the ancient Keath, Kreiner, Labar, Becker, Keener, Hagy, Myers, and many other fam- ilies of the early settlers, whose names on the stones are so much defaced by the lapse of time that they cannot be deciphered. This is the only church the history of which dates back to the last century. The Episcopal Church at Mount Hope was principally erected for the Grubb family at that place, not many | years ago. The Mennonite Churches are Erh's and Kauffman's, the latter built on lands of Abr. Kauff- man, Esq., in 1860. The Dunker Churches are Greybill's, Gibble's, Longnecker's, and Kreiter's, All these churches have suitable burial-ground-, most of them of recent date.

Many small family burial-places are found on farms, some in a very dilapidated condition, while others are inelosed with substantial walls and sandstone coping. Among these are the following : On the farm of Sam- uel Minnich, where the Erbs, Minnichs, and others Jie buried ; on the farm of Christian Bucher, where probably the oldest settlers of that part of the terri- tory lie buried. There are no stones with inscriptions, only upright limestones, and a little mound to mark the place: On the farms of Samuel G. Keller, John B. Reist, and John Sahm, deceased, are very neat and well-preserved family burial-places, nicely inclosed with good and substantial stone walls and coping and iron gates. In these lie buried the Kellers, Reists,

1005

PENN TOWNSHIP.

Hershey and David Hostetter is a fine specimen of these family resting-places, neatly inelosed with an · iron fenee, in which lie buried the Hersheys mostly. On the farm of David Hostetter (proper) is one in- closed with a stone wall substantial enough to last another hundred years, where the Hostetters and some of their descendants lie buried, all dating baek to the early history of the settlement of the families. Many more and smaller ones are found on many other farms. . Most of them are well preserved, and the places of the dead marked with sandstones having German inseriptions, the letterings of which are so mueh obliterated by time that they cannot very easily be made out.

The Manheim Fairview Cemetery figures very prominently among the fields of the dead of recent date. It is situated in Penn township, a short dis- tance southeast of Manheim borough, on an elevated traet of land on the south side of the Manheim and tered by the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County, May 25, 1874. "The corporation shall have · power to contraet for, purchase, and take conveyance in fee-simple of land in Penn township, in said county, not exceeding twenty acres in the whole." The cemetery is nicely laid out in blocks and walks, and otherwise ornamented. The slope of the ground is northward, and the cemetery can be seen for miles. The first managers were Abraham Kline, John M. Dunlap, Jacob H. Kline, Moses G. Miller, J. B. Bom- berger, D. F. Hamaker, and F. R. White; first officers : President, Abraham Kline; Secretary, John M. Dun- lap; Treasurer, lacob II. Kline; Superintendent, Jacob Weidman.

Israel G. Erb, secretary ; Israel Zartman, treasurer ; John L. Mohler, Martin Metzler, and Ephraim S. Hoover, Esys. The company has been in a very flourishing condition, and had a total value of prop- erty insured on the 31st of December, 1882, of fifteen million five hundred and eighty six thousand seven hundred and twenty-seven dollars. Its limits are the boundaries of Lancaster County.

The Farmers' Creamery Company of Manheim (Limited) .- The manufacture of butter and cheese was commenced in Penn township in March, 1883, by the above-named company, which erected a very fine building expressly for that purpose in the beginning of 1883, a short distance southeast of Manheim bor- ough, and fitted up the same with all the latest im- proved machinery best adapted for the production of pure and good butter and cheese, at a cost of ten thousand dollars. An eight horse-power engine toves the machinery. The main building is two Lancaster turnpike-road. This association was char. | stories, thirty-six by thirty-seven feet, with a wing

sixteen by thirty-six feet, one and a half stories high, and an engine-house fourteen by twenty-two feet. Whire's eircular cheese vat, Burrel & Whitman's milk vats, and Blanchard's churn are used. To these machines is added a Danish Centrifugal Cream Sep- arator, a powerful machine that takes the cream out of the milk immediately. This creamery employs four men. The names of the officers and directors of this creamery are John B. Reist, president ; Elias E. Reist, treasurer ; Amos H. Hershey, secretary ; Jacob P. Hostetter and David E. Shimp, members of the board.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

Corporations .- The " Penn Township Mutual Fire Insurance Association of Lancaster County" is a char- tered institution, organized on the 2d day of June, ABRAHAM KAUFFMAN, EsQ. 1860, charter granted by the Court of Common Pleas Abraham Kauffman, son of David Kauffman, was born in Rapho towy-hip, Lancaster Co., March 30, 1799. Flis father moved to a farm in what was then the southwestern part of Warwick, now Penn years ; Gabriel Gingrich and John B. Gibbto, for ' township, where Abraham has lived up to this time. Aug. 15, 1870. The first board of directors, elected June 2, 1860, was composed of the following-named persons : Daniel Leaman and Moses Light, for three two years; Samuel Leaman and Joseph Gibbto, for Ilis father died Jan. 15, 1846, aged seventy-five years, one month, and eight days. His mother died March 11, 1867, aged eighty-seven years, two months; and twenty-six days. He was brought up to agricultural pursuits. Ile lived chiefly in private life, save his being intrusted with several minor positions, until 1835, when he was elected to the House of Represen- tatives. one year. Gabriel Gingrich was appointed the first secretary of the company, and served until Nov. 6, 1863, when he resigned, and E. HI. Gingrich was appointed in his stend. He served until Feb. 3, 1866, at which time he resigned, and was succeede i by Moses Light, who served until June 16, 1866. John M. Stehman, Esq., was appointed in place of Light, resigned, and served in this capacity until Dec. 1, It was during this session that the first appropria- tion was made towards commencing the Gettysburg Railroad, and here he differed from all his colleagues from the county in taking a stand against it, while they supported it, and continued to do so during the second session he was in the House. After giving his last vote against it, in 1838, he put his reasons for so doing on the Journal, April 16, 1838. (Page 1156, 1866, at which time Israel G. Erb was appointed ser- retary pro tem. until June 2, 1868, when he was unanimously elected secretary and treasurer of the company. Mr. Erb served in this capacity until June 5, 1869, when he was elected a director, and was also appointed secretary, which position he still holds. The present board of directors consists of the following persons; Jacob Il. Hershey, president ; ' Honse Journal.) It may be stated that after the

1006

HISTORY OF LANCASTER COUNTY.

State lad expended nearly one million dollars on the township, on the 16th of February, 1819, and had doubtful project, it was abandoned. Ile was again children : Anna ML., born Jan. 9, 1820; David MI., . elected to the House of Representatives in 1836. It , whose birth occurred Sept. 30, 1821 (deceased); Eliza- was during this session that the surplus revenue of the United States, by resolution of Congress (session of 1835-36) distributing said surplus among the sev- eral States, fell into the hands of the Legislature. beth M2, born Nov. 21, 1823; Jacob M. ; Fanny MI., born Oct. 1, 1826: John M., whose birth occurred Feb. 21, 18550; Benjamin M., born July 31, 1832; Christian M., born Feb. 2, 1835 (deceased ) ; and Peter Pennsylvania's share being nearly four million dol- . M., who died in infancy. Jacob M. was born Oct. I, lars, and wishing to secure a portion of it to the peo- 1826, and spent his boyhood on the farm which was originally purchased from the government by Ulrich Burkhard, and has been for generations in possession of the family. His advantages of education were such as were afforded by the early schools of that period, after which he assisted his father at the blacksmith's eraft, and also gave substantial aid in the cultivation of the land. ple direct, offered a joint resolution, Feb. 20, 1837 (Ilouse Journal, vol. i. p. 563), authorizing the State treasurer to redeem two million dollars of the State indebtedness. February 23d, on motion, the said resolution was considered in committee of the whole, when, after considerable discussion, the opposition succeeded in having it postponed to March 13th, when it could not be reached again. At this time On the death of his parent, which occurred Oct. 14, 1867, he, with others of the family, inherited the paternal estate, which they still own and cultivate, with Jacob M. as business manager. there was a strong improvement feeling, and log-roll- ing became the order of the day. The said surplus was all scattered to various projects excepting five hundred thousand dollars, which was distributed among the several school districts of the State. He was again elected to the House of Representatives in 1837, and again under the new constitution in 1843, and served during the session of 1844. In 1850 he Much of his leisure is devoted to literary pursuits, his fine library of thirteen hundred volumes embracing all the standard works on history, seience, art, and religion, together with the best editions of modern and contemporary poets. The current periodicals of the day are also found. upon his table. Mr. Eberly was educated in the Mennonite faith, and is still one of its devout adherents, and a member of the Old Mennonite Church. was elected a director of the poor for Lancaster County. IIe was re-elected in 1853, and was pre-i- dent of the board during the last five years. Feb. 11, 1865, he assisted in organizing the Manheim National Bank, of which institution he has been president fourteen years. In 1869-70 he was travel- ing over the western portion of the United States as far as California, and the same year made a donation to the borough of Manheim of three acres of wood- land containing a spring of water, near said town, to be used as a public grove. This the town Couneil properly named after the donor.

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History of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Part 105

Author: Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885; Evans, Samuel, 1823-1908, joint author Publication date: 1883 Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa. : Everts & Peck Number of Pages: 1320

Author: Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885; Evans, Samuel, 1823-1908, joint author
Publication date: 1883
Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa. : Everts & Peck
Number of Pages: 1320