USA > Pennsylvania > Lehigh County > History of Lehigh county, Pennsylvania and a genealogical and biographical record of its families, Vol. I > Part 72
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Work on the canal was commenced in 1827 with thirteen hands, under the direction of Mr. White, at the mouth of the Nesquehoning creek; which number soon increased to seventy, and afterwards to many more. Two scows (14 by 35 feet) were rigged for lodging and feed- ing the men; one was built for the manager's counting-house, store-house, and dwelling; and another for a kitchen and bakery. As the work was finished on the way down the stream, these four scows were floated down from point to point. The improvement was made while the country north of Lehigh Gap was still a wil- derness and the working people came from many nations. Payments were made by check so as not to encourage violence. The work was com-
375
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
pleted in 1838, a total distance from the head- waters of the river to the Delaware at Easton, of 46 miles, and the company now operates the Delaware division canal, extending from Easton to Bristol, a distance of 60 miles. There are 50 locks in the Lehigh division and 25 in the Delaware division.
During 1822, 2,240 tons of coal were shipped to Philadelphia and in 1823, 5,800 tons. In 1824, 9,541 tons were shipped, and the predic- tion that not one-half of it would be sold was proved untrue. The price was $8.40 a ton. In 1825, the company transported 28,393 tons. The increase of the business within the next thirty years is shown in the remarkable develop- ment of the traffic: 131,250 tons in 1835 ; 429,- 453 tons in 1845; and 1,275,000 tons in 1855. Then the traffic reached its highest point, because a movement had been made in 1851 to intro- duce a railroad on the opposite side of the river and this was completed in September, 1855.
As a means of conserving the coal supply, the company has recently been engaged in making boulets, consisting of culm, and coal tar pitch, to be used as fuel. At Hauto, a large steam plant for the generation of electrical energy, for commercial distribution throughout the Lehigh valley, is now being constructed, where the vast accumulations of waste of the mines for nearly a century will be utilized.
In the year 1801, Peter Rhoads was president and Daniel Kliest, secretary, of the old Lehigh Navigation Company. Among the former's papers were found the following relating to the lottery carried on by the company.
Statement of Account between Edward Stone and the Lehigh Navigation Company :
Dr.
1803-Mar. I, To 501 Tickets per Messrs.
L. & H., ..
$2505 00
1804-April 3, To 880 with Messrs. Alli-
bone & Son, 4400 00
$6905 00
Deduct 21/2 per cent.,
172 62
$6732 38
Cr.
For use of his wheels,
$ 20 00
Numbering and Rolling,
II2 00
Check-Book, 7 00
37 Days Attendance as Clerk-4, 148 00
M. Fortune the same,
148 00
Making Prize Lists, 20 00
Printer Jackson,
14 36
$469 36
Prize Tickets,
1300 00
Balance Due,
4963 02
$6732 38
LEHIGH NAVIGATION LOTTERY-2D CLASS.
Dr.
1804-Apr. 5, Cash from Thos. Al-
libone & Son for 100 T, $487 50
1804-Apr. II, Cash from Thos. Al-
libone & Son for 100 T, .. 487 50
1804-April 19, Cash from Thos. Allibone & Son for 102 T, H. & P. Rice's Note, $350 00
Jesse Keasly's Note, 150 00
Cash, 2 73 502 7
Cash overpaid on these, 4 48
May I-Note at 60 days for 257, . . I250 00
Cash, 2 87 1252 87
May 9-Prizes paid for 120,
I of 600; 4 of 20; I of 6 (15 per ct. off), and cash, 585 00
July 28-Printer's Bill, Prizes,
$435 77
2861 IO
Cash, 115 63 3412 50
$6732 58
Cr.
1802-Apr. 20 .- 200 tickets rec'd of D. Kliest, Esq., for sale on commission of 21/2 per cent., $ 975 00
1804-Mar. I .- 300, com. of 21/2 per cent., 1462 50
1804-Apr. 4 .- 201, com. of 21/2 per cent., 979 88
1804-Apr. 5 .- 100, com. of Messrs. Alli- bone & Son, 487 50
1804-Apr. II .- 100, com. of Messrs. Alli- bone & Son, 487 50
1804-April 19 .- 102, com. of Messrs. Al- libone & Son,
502 73
1804-May I .- 257, com of Messrs. Al- libone & Son, 1252 87
1804-May 9 .- 120, com. of Messrs. Alli- bone & Son, 585 00
$6732 98
Errors Excepted-July 30, 1804. GEO. TAYLOR, JR.
There were thirteen prize tickets found among the papers, numbered respectively :
857 3132 5509 5540
2928
3152 5530
5544
2948
3193
5535
5861
3130
Of these, No. 2948 drew a prize of $425; No. 3130, $42.50; 3132, $17; and Nos. 5509, 5530, and 5535, each $5.10. The last three were drawn by persons from Allentown: Peter Keiper, Jr., Peter Ealer and Elizabeth Ealer.
It is not known how many tickets were sold, but in the account given they would appear to have numbered 1,380. They were sold at $5 per ticket.
The tickets were printed on small, oblong pieces of paper, 2 by 4 inches; and ticket No. 2,948 was as follows:
376
HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
LEHIGH NAVIGATION LOTTERY.
SECOND CLASS.
No. 2948-Authorised by Law of the State of Pennsylvania.
THIS TICKET will entitle the Bearer to such Prize as may be drawn to its Number, if demanded with- in Twelve Months after Drawing, subject to a De- duction of Fifteen per cent. Bethlehem, February 12, 1802.
Dan'l Kliest, Secretary.
The following interesting letter, relating to the "Canal Lottery," not heretofore published, is given in this connection :
BETHLEHEM, June 10, 1804. MY DEAR HON'D FRIEND:
I received your kind favor of the 8th inst and must confess that I have more than once been wondering at your intrepidity in not deserting your post; for that kind of Business wherein you are at present engaged is not every Body's Business, at least it would make me more tired than any other work.
But like a good old Veteran you stand to your Post, and seem to be determined to hold out till the Word of Retreat is given, which a good general will not easily give till either the Battle is won or he is absolutely overpowered by his Antagonist in Skill or Superiority of Numbers.
I, for my part, must confess that I should not regret if Madam Fortuna should overpower me with Numbers, that is to say, if she would throw I or 2 thousand dollars on the Ticket No. 855 whereof I am the Bearer, or if it even should fall to the Lot of the Company of 18 whereof II are drawn already, or to the Navigation Comp'y. Tick- ets, or to the old Judge Rhoads himself. Fortune, as you observed, seems not quite averse to Boat- ing and Rafting; at least in my opinion she has hitherto been rather more smiling and favorable to that Branch of Business, as I expected in the Be- ginning of the Drawing.
Among the Tickets which I have sold there are Nos. 3160 and 3054. The holders thereof wish to know if Fortune has bestowed anything upon them or not. If you should write once more to me, please to inform me thereof, as also No. 855.
It seems the Drawing is coming nearly to a Conclusion, and who will rejoice more to be re- leased than yourself and to be at Liberty to retulli home to your family. I and my family are, thanks to God, tolerably well at present, and so is Mr. George Huber and his Spouse, who, as well as Mrs. Levering, join with me in saluting you; and be- lieve me to be your sincere friend and
Very humble and obedient Serv't, ABRM. LEVERING.
Peter Rhoads, Esq.
P. S .- The Letter which you enclosed to me for Dan'1. Kliest, Esq., I shall have a good opportunity to send tomorrow or next day.
A. L.
The above letter was folded in the customary form of that period and sealed at the back with red sealing-wax. It was addressed to-
Peter Rhoads, Esq., At Mr. George Lesher's Tavern Philadelphia.
It was post-marked at Bethlehem June 10th ; and at the upper right-hand corner it was marked "Free," signed by Huber, the postmaster.
TURNPIKE ROADS.
There were two prominent turnpike roads in Lehigh county leading from Allentown, one to the southeast to Coopersburg, and the other to the east to Bethlehem.
Coopersburg Pike .- A charter of incorpora- tion was granted by the Governor of Pennsyl- vania, July 16, 1874, to the Allentown and Coopersburg Turnpike Co., for the construction and operation of a turnpike road from Allen- town to a point in the road leading from Coop- ersburg to Philadelphia where it intersects the line dividing Lehigh and Bucks counties, with an authorized capital of $25,000, in shares of $10. There were 218 subscribers in taking up the whole capital, the largest being :
F. A. Ruhe, Allentown, 50. Jos. Ruhe, Allentown, 50.
Charles H. Ruhe, Allentown, 50.
F. S. Kemerer, Allentown, 50.
M. J. Kramer, Allentown, 25.
Fred I. Iobst, Allentown, 25.
John Gross, Allentown, 20.
Abr. Ulmer, Centre Valley, 150.
Enos Erdman, Centre Valley, 25.
Henry Yeager, Centre Valley, 20.
Jos. Wittman, Limeport, 20.
H. B. Pearson, Friedensville, 25. Geo. Blank, Coopersburg, 25.
The first Board of Directors was constituted as follows:
Robt. Dubbs, Allentown. H. B. Pearson, Friedens-
H. H. Fisher, Allentown. ville.
Enos Edrman, Centre
John Gross, Allentown. Valley.
Jos. Wittman, Limeport. Abrm. Ulmer, Centre
Abrm. Wittman, Lanark. Valley.
Five gates were established along the turnpike, covering a distance of nine miles:
I. 100 yards beyond the Little Lehigh on the road to Emaus.
2. Mountainville, at the cross-roads.
3. Centre Valley.
4. Between Centre Valley and Coopersburg at the road to Passer.
5. Coopersburg.
The construction was under the direction of Adolph Aschbach and L. S. Jacoby, civil en- gineers of Allentown, during 1874-75; the cost was $25,000.
It was operated until 1910, when it was con- demned by proceedings in Court on the applica- tion of the county, and the damages were as- sessed at $35,140.
Bethlehem Pike .- A charter was granted by the governor of Pennsylvania, April 18, 1876, to the Allentown and Bethlehem Turnpike Co., for the construction and operation of a turnpike
377
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
road leading from Allentown to Bethlehem by way of Rittersville, with an authorized capital of $15,000, in shares of $10. There were 135 subscribers in taking up the whole capital, the largest being Chas. A. Ruhe 50, F. A. Ruhe 50, Joseph Ruhe 50, James Moser 50, J. Franklin Reichert 50. They were distributed as follows: Allentown, 86. Coplay, I. Hanover Tp., 16. Bethlehem, 30.
Catasauqua, 2.
The first Board of Directors was constituted as follows :
Chas. H. Ruhe, Allen- M. H. Horn, Catasauqua. town. Weston Dodson, Bethle- hem.
J. S. Dillinger, Allen- town. Geo. H. Myers, Bethle-
Hiram Belford, Allen- hem.
town.
J. K. Moser, Hanover. Francis Weiss, Bethle-
J. F. Reichert, Hanover. hem.
Treasurer, MORGAN F. MEDLAR.
The turnpike started at the east side of the Lehigh river, and followed the public road east by way of Rittersville to the west side of the Monocacy creek at Bethlehem, a distance of four miles. It was constructed during the summer and fall of 1876, and the civil engineer was Samuel D. Lehr, of Allentown.
The cost of construction was $26,000, the cost showing the care in putting down the road- bed.
There were three gates: One in East Allen- town; one at Rittersville; and the third near the Monocacy creek, afterward removed to a point midway between Rittersville and the creek.
It was operated until 1907 when it was con- demned by proceedings in Court on the applica- tion of the county and the damages were as- sessed at $20,854.
Shimersville Pike .- A third turnpike was es- tablished in the southern section of the county, in Upper Milford township, in 1852. It is only 51/2 miles long, extending from Shimersville, by way of Zionsville, to Herefordville (Treichlers- ville) in Berks county, where it connected with the Green Lane and Goshenhoppen Turnpike Road. The length in Berks county is only half a mile. It was constructed by virtue of an Act of Assembly, passed March 3, 1852, and though named in the Act as the "Berks and Lehigh Turnpike Road," it was commonly called the "Shimersville Pike."
Breinigsville Pike .- An Act was passed April 18, 1853, authorizing a turnpike-road to be con- structed and operated "from the west end of Hamilton street in Allentown, along the Read- ing Road to Breinigsville," and the Allentown Iron Co. was authorized to subscribe for stock of the proposed company. Many prominent
names of persons in that southwestern section of the county were mentioned in the Act but it was not established.
RAILROADS.
First Railroad .- The first charter granted in this country, or probably any other, for the building of a railroad, was granted in 1819 to Henry Drinker, by the Pennsylvania Legisla- ture, for a railroad from the Delaware valley to the headwaters of the Lehigh river, over the route now occupied by the Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western Railroad from the Water Gap to Scranton. That was before the days of steam and the "wagons" to be run on the road were to be moved by horse power. That char- ter and the rights it conveyed were purchased by the original Delaware & Lackawanna Company for $1,000.
Lehigh Valley .- The Lehigh Valley Railroad Co. was originally incorporated under the name of the Delaware, Lehigh, Schuylkill, and Sus- quehanna R. R. Co., by an Act passed by the legislature of Pennsylvania on April 21, 1846, at the request of James M. Porter, Peter S. Michler, and Abraham Miller, and others of Northampton county, and Henry King, Chris- tian Pretz, of Lehigh county; which was se- cured by the strenuous exertions of Dr. Jesse Samuel, who then represented Lehigh county in the House, against a strong and determined op- position.
The commissioners named in the Act were:
William Edelman. Benj. Ludwig.
Casper Kleckner. Christian Pretz.
George Probst. Peter Huber.
Stephen Balliet. James M. Porter.
John D. Bauman. Peter S. Michler.
Thomas Craig.
Abraham Miller.
Henry King.
These commissioners advertised for subscrip- tions of stock on June 2, 1846, but they were obliged to adjourn the opening of the books from day to day at least twenty times, and it was not until Aug. 2, 1847, that a sufficient amount of stock could be secured, when the total shares subscribed numbered 5,002, and with $5 paid on each share, the money paid in amounted to only $25,010.
The letters patent were issued Sept. 20, 1847, and the election of officers on Oct. 21, 1847, at Easton, in the law office of James M. Porter, Esq., resulted as follows:
President, James M. Porter. Managers.
Dudley S. Gregory. Daniel McIntyre.
John S. Dorsey. Edward R. Biddle.
John P. Jackson.
John N. Hutchison, Sec.
378
HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
These officers were continued in 1848, 1849, and 1850; and in the year 1850, during the last three months, the first survey was made by Roswell B. Mason along the Lehigh river from Easton to Mahoning creek. When the con- struction was about to be begun, the canal com- missioners in behalf of the canal inquired care- fully as to whether or not it might or would be injured. They reported on Mar. 10, 1851, that it would not, and on that day the work was started on the first 16 miles from the Delaware river to a point near Allentown, under the di- rection of Dr. Jesse Samuels, civil engineer, of Allentown.
The following land-owners in Lehigh county, near Allentown, released their claims for dam- ages for a nominal consideration on March I, 1851 :
Stephen Rhoads. John Moore. Abraham Newhard.
Peter Newhard.
Adam Hecker. George R. Boyd.
John Yost. Henry King.
The last-named, Henry King, was a promi- nent lawyer at Allentown and he secured the release.
On April 4, 1851, Asa Packer became identified with the enterprise, and in October following secured a large amount of the original stock and inaugurated earnest movements towards the con- struction of the road. A year afterward Packer submitted a proposition to build that portion from Mauch Chunk to Easton for a certain price to be paid in bonds and stocks of the company which was accepted; and about that time Rob- ert H. Sayre was appointed the chief engineer.
On Jan. 7, 1853, the name of the company was changed to the Lehigh Valley R. R. Co.
The construction of the railroad was com- pleted by Sept. 24, 1855, and then it was ac- cepted by the company from the contractor, Asa Packer.
In 1856, the office was removed from Easton to Philadelphia. James M. Porter had been the president till then, but this action obliged him to decline a re-election on account of his large legal practice.
The railroad at once became an avenue of great importance to the public by establishing connections with Philadelphia through the North Pennsylvania R. R. and Belvidere Del- aware R. R., and with New York through the Central R. R. of New Jersey, and with the West through the Catawissa R. R., and the Wil- liamsport and Elmira R. R. Although a great many passengers are carried annually, the trans- portation of coal is the chief source of profitable renumeration.
The length in the county is 23 miles, passing
through the following districts: Washington, Slatington, North Whitehall, Whitehall, Cop- lay, Allentown and Salisbury; and the follow- ing stations were established :
Allentown. Laury's.
Fullerton. Treichler.
Catasauqua. Rockdale.
Hokendauqua. Slatington.
Coplay. Lehigh Gap.
Cementon.
A superior, attractive, and commodious brick: station was built in 1890 at Hamilton, Walnut, and Jordan streets, to take the place of the old station about 1,000 feet south of it, still stand- ing and used for railroad purposes.
Catasauqua and Fogelsville R. R .- The sec- ond railroad constructed in the county was that extending from the Lehigh Valley R. R. on the west bank of the river opposite Catasauqua by way of Walbert's, Trexlertown, and Alburtis, to Red Lion in Longswamp township, Berks county, not reaching Fogelsville within two miles.
An Act was first passed April 5, 1853 for the construction of a plank road from Catasauqua to Fogelsville; but this was so amended by an Act passed April 20, 1854 as to allow a rail- road to be constructed instead of a plank road, if thought best; and in 1856 the Act was amended, allowing the road to be extended into Berks county. During 1856 and 1857 the rail- road was built for a distance of nine miles from the Catasauqua Station on the L. V. R. R. at a cost of $260,000, which was paid by the Crane Iron Co., and the Thomas Iron Co., interested in iron furnaces and iron-ore mines reached by the railroad. In 1860 it was extended to Trex- lertown and afterward to Alburtis on the East Penn. R. R. and to Rittenhouse Gap in Berks county, a total length of 17 miles, in Lehigh county, 16 miles.
A remarkable iron bridge was erected along the railroad across the Jordan creek, 1, 165 feet long, an extended description appearing in the narrative of South Whitehall township, in this publication, under the head of "Iron Bridge."
The stations in the county, southwardly, are Mickley's, Seiple, Guth, Walbert, Chapman, Trexlertown, Spring creek, and Alburtis. It has become a part of the P. & R. R. Co. sys- tem.
East Penn. Railroad .- In 1856 an Act was passed incorporating the Reading and Lehigh Railroad Co., for the purpose of constructing a railroad from a point near the junction of the Lebanon Valley R. R. with the P. & R. R. to any point on the Lehigh Valley R. R., either in Lehigh county or Northampton. The name was
379
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
changed to East Penn. Railroad Co. by Act of April 21, 1857.
The railroad was constructed to a point on the L. V. R. R. called East Penn Junction, half a mile south of Allentown, 36 miles from Reading, during the years 1857, 1858, and 1859, and completed May 11, 1859, when the regular trains began to run daily.
The length of the railroad in Lehigh county is 13 miles; and the stations are, southwardly, Allentown, Emaus, Macungie, and Alburtis.
A "Union station," handsome and convenient, was built at Hamilton and Race streets and is maintained by the Central R. R. Co. of N. J., and the P. & R. R. Co.
Ironton Railroad .- A company was formed in 1859 for constructing a short railroad from Cop- lay on the L. V. R. R. through Whitehall township to Ironton in North Whitehall so as to reach valuable iron-ore beds in that vicinity. A charter was obtained on March 4th, the work of construction was begun shortly afterward, and the road was completed in 1860, at a cost of $70,000. In 1882, the Thomas Iron Co. became the sole owner, and it has continued to be until now. From the beginning until 1882, Eli J. Saeger was president of the company.
The Siegersville Branch was constructed to Siegersville and Orefield, over three miles long, in 1861, and was operated with the railroad un- til the mining operations were discontinued there twenty years ago.
The first cement works was established along this railroad in 1884; and within twenty years, the industry came to be so extensively developed that ten large plants were put up along the line, with an aggregate annual capacity of 5,000,000 barrels. In 1903, the total tonnage, including cement, iron-ore, limestone, and coal, amounted to 585,667 tons. For many years, this railroad was the most profitable of any in the world in proportion to length and investment.
In 1898, a passenger service was established.
Slatington Branch of L. V. R. R .- During the year 1860 a short branch railroad was con- structed from the L. V. R. R. at Slatington to Slatedale for the accommodation of the slate operations along the line. The Berks County R. R. was connected with this branch at Emerald in 1874, and the passenger and freight traffic is carried over it to Slatington, the company main- taining a separate station there.
Central R. R. of N. J .- The destructive flood of 1862 along the Lehigh river and the great damage to the Canal of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Co. led to the construction of the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad on ac-
count of the injury to the property-holders through the obstructions placed there for pur- poses of navigation, and therefore the opposition to the re-building of the dams became so great it was believed that the restoration of the canal would not be undertaken. This opposition cul- minated in the passage of an Act on March 4, 1863, which prohibited the rebuilding of the dams on the Upper Lehigh, but in lieu there- of the Legislature granted the company a char- ter for a railroad from White Haven to Mauch Chunk ; and in 1864 an Act was passed authoriz- ing the railroad to be extended to Easton, there to connect with the New Jersey Central R. R.
Accordingly, this railroad was built along the east bank of the river in 1867, passing through Catasauqua and Hanover township, a distance of eight miles to Bethlehem, and operated by the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Co., until 1871, when it was leased to the New Jersey Central R. R. Co., which has carried it on until the present time. The stations in the county are Catasauqua, Allentown, and Bethlehem Junc- tion.
Berks County Railroad .- In 1871, a company was authorized to construct a railroad from a . point on the Wilmington and Northern Rail- road, several miles north of Birdsboro, through Reading and along the Maiden creek to a point (Emerald), near Slatington on the Branch of the L. V. R. R. It was constructed until 1874, and in 1876 it passed under the control of the P. & R. R. R. Co. The name has been changed to Schuylkill and Lehigh Branch.
It passes through the central portions of Lynn, Heidelberg, and Washington townships, from west to east, a length of seventeen miles in the county. The stations along the line eastward are Wanamaker, Jacksonville, Lynnport, Tripoli, Lochland, Germansville, Best, Emerald, and Slatington.
Perkiomen Railroad .- This line of railroad was first projected in 1850. In 1852 a charter was secured to construct a railroad from Nor- ristown to Freemansburg, and in 1853, to ex- tend it to Allentown. In 1854, the name was changed to the Norristown and Allentown R. R. Co., and in 1865 to the Perkiomen R. R. Co. Up to this time no work of importance was done; but soon after 1865 operations were com- menced at Perkiomen Station on the P. & R. R. R., and the line was built to Pennsburg. In 1874, work was started at the northern end, and in the spring of 1876 the daily trains began to run to Allentown regularly.
The length of this railroad in the county is 9 miles to Emaus Jc., where it joins the East Pena
380
HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
R. R., and on the way passes through Lower Milford and Upper Milford townships and the borough of Emaus. The stations are Hosensack, Zionsville, Dillinger, Vera Cruz and Emaus.
Projected Railroads .- A number of railroads were projected from an early time in the his- tory of the county, which were never built.
.
In 1838, the Hamburg, Allentown, Bethle- hem, and Easton R. R. Co., was chartered by the legislature. The road was to have been ex- tended by way of Kutztown. No attempt was made in its construction. In 1854, the Allen- town R. R. Co. was incorporated to construct a railroad from Allentown to the P. & R. R. R. at any point between Reading and Port Clinton, and if not constructed by way of Kutztown, a branch should be built to that place. A large portion of the roadway was built but never com- pleted, several hundred thousand dollars having been expended. The route of this proposed rail- road (as appears by the county atlas of 1876) extended from Allentown westwardly through Salisbury, S. Whitehall, Lower Macungie, and Upper Macungie, by way of Dorneysville, Wes- cosville, Trexlertown, and Breinigsville. The abutments of two proposed bridges at Allentown can still be seen though erected nearly 60 years ago, one of them to have crossed the Little Lehigh near the outlet of Cedar creek, and the other Lehigh street at the northern terminus of the Coopersburg Pike; and the railroad was to have connected with the L. V. R. R. at the river.
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