History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania : its past and present, Part 23

Author:
Publication date: 1888
Publisher: Chicago, Ill. : Brown, Runk
Number of Pages: 1288


USA > Pennsylvania > Mercer County > History of Mercer County, Pennsylvania : its past and present > Part 23


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Treasurers .- Joseph Smith, 1804-06; Jonathan Smith, 1807-08; James Miller, 1809-10; Aaron Hackney, 1811-14; John W. Wright, 1815-17; Joseph Junkin, 1818-20; Aaron Hackney, 1821-23; Robert Stewart, 1824-26; Aaron Hackney, 1827 (died in office); Jonathan Smith, appointed to fill vacancy December 15, 1827, and served until 1830; David T. Porter, 1830-34; Joseph Shannon, 1834-36; William F. Clark, 1836-38; James Sheriff, 1838-40; David T. Porter, 1840-42; Joseph M. Stevenson, 1842-43; Ezra T. Pearson, 1843-45; James McKean, 1845-47; James D. Moore, 1847-49; Jacob Maurer, 1849-51; Peter Shipler, 1851-53; Arcus McDermitt, 1853-55; Thomas M. Reznor, 1855-57; David T. Beggs, 1857-59; William G. Brown, 1859-61; S. L. Hawthorn, 1861-63; Franklin H. Couse, 1863-65; John J. Grace, 1865-67; Reuben V. Hilands, 1867-69; Robert C. Hill, 1869-71; Allison M. Clawson, 1871-73; F. M. Powell, 1873-75; Samuel B. Alexander, 1875-78; Jared K. Rayen, 1878-81; Robert Orr, 1881-84; W. J. McKay,. 1884-87; H. A. Broadbent, 1887-90.


Auditors .- John Leech, William McMillan and John Montieth, 1804; John Leech, Jonathan Smith and Joseph Shannon, 1805; Jonathan Smith, Joseph Shannon and Joseph Walker, 1806; Joseph Junkin, Ebenezer Magoffin and Cunningham S. Semple, 1807-08; Crawford White, John Wright and James Walker, 1809-10; James Walker, Andrew Denniston and John Wright, 1811; Ebenezer Magoffin, James McCune and Allen Dunn, 1812; Andrew Christy, Allen Dunn and James Gilkey, 1813-14 (the office now became rotatory, one .


* During the time of Mr. Bard's service, the offices of register and recorder were divided, the former being added to the clerk of court's duties. Since then the incumbents have been simply recorders.


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auditor being elected each year for a term of three years); James Davitt, 1815; Benj. Alexander, 1816; James Gilkey, 1817; Robert Bean, 1818; James Davitt, 1819; David Courtney, 1820; Thomas Hosack, 1821; Thomas Rogers, 1822; Robert Mann, 1823; Malcolm McComb and James Davitt, 1824; James K. Caldwell, 1825; David T. Porter, 1826; Francis Beatty, 1827; John McEwen, 1828; Matthew Small, 1829; Joseph McClain, 1830; Jacob Zahniser, 1831; Alex. Riddle, 1832; James G. Cunningham, 1833; James Walker, 1834; Thomas Pomroy, 1835; William Miller, 1836; Samuel Webster, 1837; William Stevenson, 1838; Francis Dunn, 1839; Adam Black, 1840; Joseph Moore, 1841; R. A. DeFrance, 1842; David Atkinson, 1844; John L. Zahniser, 1845; John W. Boyd, 1846; Albert Price, 1847; Samuel McMillan, 1848; Joseph Gilmer, 1849; Fleming Smith, 1850; James Burgess, 1851; A. K. Price, 1852; Walker Gelvin, 1853; Samuel Madge, 1854; Thomas T. Irwin, 1855; George R. Allen, 1856; John D. Hill, 1857; Peter Frits, 1858; John A. Gill, 1859; William M. Burns, 1860; David Dickson, 1861; William Miller and J. H. Ross, 1862; John B. Mccullough and John M. Dickey, 1863; Henry Gurins, 1864; Joseph C. Carey, 1865; B. F. Carrington, 1866; J. H. Henderson, 1867; John Snyder, 1868; George McDowell, 1869; A. B. Filson, 1870; Addison Muse and Hugh A. Gamble, 1871; J. C. Black and John H. Baker, 1872; J. G. Perry, 1873; John H. Baker and Joseph B. Campbell, 1874; Thomas A. Courtney, Thomas Powell and John Vorous, 1875; Thomas A. Courtney, J. C. Barnett and John W. Vosler, 1878; John W. Vosler, James Mahan and William L. Mercer, 1881; James S. Wallace, P. F. Roof and Will- iam L. Mercer, 1884; James S. Wallace, A. D. Price and D. B. McEwen, 1887.


Coroners. - James Braden, appointed October 26, 1803; John Parker, ap- pointed November 24, 1806; James Greely, appointed November 8, 1809; Jacob Herrington, appointed November 2, 1812; Thomas Templeton, appoint- ed December 6, 1815; James Gault, appointed December 21, 1818; James Braden, appointed November 8, 1821; Samuel Clark, appointed November 4, 1824; William Stevenson, appointed August 1, 1836; John Bowman, elected October 11, 1845; James Forker, elected October 14, 1848; Dr. George W. Baskin, elected October 13, 1851; Dr. H. D. LaCossitt, elected October 12, 1854; Dr. John McElrath, elected October 14, 1857; George Bagnall, elected October 12, 1860; William H. Axtell, elected October 13, 1863; B. F. Gordon, elected October 9, 1866; J. S. Proper, elected October 14, 1869; J. A. Brush, elected October 8, 1872; J. J. Morrow, elected November 2, 1875; Dr. G. T. Monroe, elected November 5, 1878; Hugh A. Davenny, elected November 4, 1879; F. M. Temple, elected November 9, 1882, re-elected November 5, 1885; R. D. Morford, elected November 4, 1886.


Poor Directors. - William F. Groves, Enoch Perrine and Samuel Woods, elected in 1851; Daniel Baird and William Miller, elected in 1852; Berry McCoy, elected in 1853; Archibald Henderson, elected in 1854; William W. Pearson, elected in 1855; Robert Fruit, elected in 1856; John Kelley elected in 1857; John W. McCullough, elected in 1858; Lewis Egbert, elected October 14, 1859; Mark Graham, elected October 12, 1860; Thomas Palmer, elected Oc- tober 11, 1861; John K. Roberts, elected October 14, 1862; Richard J. Reznor, elected October 13, 1863; Amos Taylor, elected October 11, 1864; J. R. Rob- erts, elected October 10, 1865; Alex. McMillan, elected October 9, 1866; Amos Taylor, elected October 11, 1867; Archey Henderson, elected October 13, 1868; James M. Conner, elected October 14, 1869; A. C. Amberson, elected October 11, 1870; Archey Henderson, elected October 10, 1871; James M. Conner, elected October 8, 1872; John Gamble, elected October 14, 1873; John Harsha, elected November 6, 1874; James M. Conner, elected November


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HISTORY OF MERCER COUNTY.


2, 1875; Oliver P. Caldwell, elected November 7, 1876; M. Dawson Moore, elect- ed November 6, 1877; William Hazen, elected November 5, 1878; E. C. Kemp, elected November 4, 1879; R. R. King, elected November 2, 1880; Abraham Blatt, elected November 8, 1881; James Satterfield, elected November 9, 1882; J. C. Campbell, elected November 6, 1883; Imbrie Zuver, elected November 4, 1884; Hugh Lachey, elected November 5, 1885; Sylvester Reznor, elected November 4, 1886; George Allen, elected November 10, 1887.


Canal Commissioners. - James M. Power, elected in 1846; Morris Long- streth, elected in 1847; N. Middlsworth, elected in 1848; John A. Gamble, elected in 1849; Joshua Dungan, elected in 1850; Seth Clover, elected in 1851; William Hopkins, elected in 1852; Thomas W. Forsyth, elected in 1853; Henry M. Mott, elected in 1854; Thomas Nicholson, elected in 1855; Thomas E. Coch- ran, elected in 1856; William Millward, elected in 1857; John M. Read, elected in 1858.


Jury Commissioners. - William P. Leech, elected Oct. 11, 1867; James W. Christy, elected Oct. 11, 1870; Jerome A. Leech, elected Oct. 14, 1873; Thomas M. Baker, elected Nov. 7, 1876; Alfred Canon, elected Nov. 4, 1879; H. T. Vanhorn, elected Nov. 9, 1882; T. J. Nickum, elected Nov. 5, 1885.


Surveyors. - William W. Pearson, elected in 1850; O. H. Gould, elected in 1853; Jacob Zahniser, elected in 1856; Joseph McCleary, elected Oct. 14, 1859; O. H. Gould, elected Oct. 14, 1862, re-elected Oct. 10, 1865, and Oct. 13, 1868; Robert A. McKim, elected Oct. 10, 1871, re-elected Nov. 6, 1874; Richard Lewis, elected Nov. 5, 1878; Robert A. McKim, elected Nov. 8, 1881, re-elected Nov. 4, 1886.


CHAPTER V.


INTERNAL AFFAIRS-FIRST ROADS LAID OUT, AND BY WHOM LOCATED-MERCER AND MEADVILLE TURNPIKE-BEAVER AND ERIE CANAL-EFFORTS MADE TO HAVE IT BUILT-ITS CONSTRUCTION, PROSPERITY AND FINAL ABANDON- MENT-RAILROADS-EARLY RAILROAD AGITATION-ERIE & PITTSBURGH- ERIE LINES-LAKE SHORE BRANCHES-SHARPSVILLE ROAD-WESTERN, NEW YORK & PENNSYLVANIA-PITTSBURGH, SHENANGO & LAKE ERIE-PROPOSED RAILROAD FROM MERCER TO BIG BEND IN 1847-EARLY INNS AND INNKEEPERS -TAVERN KEEPERS IN MERCER COUNTY FROM 1804 TO 1834-POST-OFFICES AND POSTMASTERS-PIONEER MAIL ROUTES AND RATES OF POSTAGE-GROWTH OF THE SYSTEM-LIST OF POST-OFFICES AND POSTMASTERS SINCE THE ORGANIZA- TION OF THE COUNTY-PRESENT OFFICES.


O NE of the first things to demand the attention of the new settlers was the subject of roads. At first these were crude affairs, the order be- ing the blazed path, the winding way with simply the underbrush cut out, the corduroy road with small timbers and brush thrown into the low places to fill up and permit wagons to pass over with reasonable safety, the dirt roads with ditches on either side and sluices at proper intervals to allow the surplus water to pass from one side to another, and lastly the pike or macadamized road, that permits easy and expeditious travel at all seasons of the year. A large part of the business of the early courts was the hear- ing of petitions for the locating of roads from one point to another. If the petition was favorably received, viewers were appointed to pass upon the mat- ter and report at a subsequent session.


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HISTORY OF MERCER COUNTY.


One of the first roads laid out, as shown by the records, was viewed by John Williamson, John Christy, Robert Bole, William McCullough, David Watson and John Findley. They reported favorably, and their report was confirmed at the August session of court, 1804. It was thirteen miles and forty-five perches in length by thirty-three feet wide, and connected Mercer with Williamson's Mill, near Greenville, whence it joined a highway previ- ously laid out to the lake.


. At the May session, 1804, the court appointed John Alexander, Thomas McMillan, Sr., John Rice, James Jeffers, Adam Forker and John Pew, to report as to the advisability of constructing a road from Mercer to John D. Littleford's Mill in Coolspring Township. Their report being favorable, was confirmed by the court at the November session, and the supervisors of roads and highways were ordered "to open, cut, clear, and bridge the same accord- ing to law." It was a thirty-three foot road, four and a half miles long.


The road from Mercer to the farm of James Foster in Wolf Creek Town- ship, at the Butler County line, fifty feet in width, was authorized upon the report of John Findley, Samuel Hawthorn, John Garvin, William Nicholson, Robert Cochran and William McMillan, appointed at the February session, 1804.


The road from Mercer to the outlet of Sandy Lake, authorized by the com- missioners appointed at the February session, 1804, was confirmed by the November court, same year. The viewers were John Alexander. James Jeffers, Thomas McMillan, John Rice, James McDevitt and James Armstrong.


The road from Mercer to Valentine Cunningham's mill, on Wolf Creek, was authorized by the November session, 1804. The viewers were Thomas McCoy, John Powell, James Braden, David McDowell, John Alexander and Thomas McMillan. It was laid out thirty-three feet wide.


At the May session, 1804, Ebenezer Magoffin, Samuel Hawthorn, David Watson, Jr., William Nicholson, John Dickey and Nicholas Vanemon were appointed to view and lay out a road between New Castle and Mercer. They reported at November term and their report was adopted. The length was found to be fourteen miles and 185 perches, and the width was fixed at fifty feet.


The road between Butler and Mercer was laid out in accordance with an act of the Assembly passed 10th of April, 1807, as was also the road between Beaver and Mercer.


The road from Mercer to Sharon was authorized at the September session, 1806, agreeably to a petition " for a road from where the Youngstown road intersects the State line, near Rev. William Wick's, to the town of Mercer. " James Mc Williams, William Porter, Alexander Mckinley, William McMillan James Gilkey and George Book were the viewers. It was laid out forty feet wide.


What is known as the "Snodgrass road" was authorized at the December session, 1808. The viewers were Cunningham S. Semple, John Creaton, Joseph Junkin, Ebenezer Magoffin, Robert Newell and Benjamin Stokely.


The road from Mercer to Junkin's mill, now Hope Mills, was authorized at the June session, 1809. The viewers were Benjamin Stokely, Robert Newell, Jonathan Smith, Marcus Higlin, Thomas Hosack and Samuel McCune.


The road from New Castle to the Big Bend of the Shenango was established by the February court of 1811, upon the recommendation of Bevan Pearson, Thomas McMillan, James Gilkey, James Watson, Nathan Patterson and Ezekiel Sankey; width, fifty feet. The road from Mercer to the Big Bend was confirmed at the same session, Bevan Pearson, William McMillan, C. S. Sem- ple, Jonathan Smith, Thomas McMillan and Nathan Patterson having recom- mended the same. The width was fixed at fifty feet.


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HISTORY OF MERCER COUNTY.


The main road leading from Pittsburgh to Erie through Mercer, Shealey- ville, Meadville, etc., seems to have been laid out when the territory was yet under the practical control of Crawford County. In 1807 the State appro- priated $400 to improve the road between Mercer and Meadville. In 1817 the Mercer & Meadville Turnpike Company was chartered by the Legislature to improve and operate the road between Mercer and Meadville, connecting at Mercer with the road to Pittsburgh. In 1821 the company opened the line for general traffic. It continued to be the principal thoroughfare through Mercer County for many years, and though not macadamized, was subject to the restrictions of toll-gates until quite a late day.


The numerous streams of the county at first had to be forded, which fre- quently required considerable courage when the current was deep and swift and cold. Eventually temporary wooden bridges spanned the streams, and seemed to answer the necessities of the public until the development of iron industries rendered the construction of iron bridges 'cheap and more durable. Most of the bridges now constructed are made of this durable material.


BEAVER AND ERIE CANAL.


In the session of 1822-23 the Legislature authorized a survey to ascertain the practicability of connecting Lake Erie with the Ohio River by a canal. In 1824 the United States Government ordered an examination to be made with the same object in view, and the engineers reported in favor of the scheme. After considerable contention the route via the Beaver and Shenango Rivers was adopted. In 1827 the Legislature passed the act for the construction of the canal, and also for the "French Creek Feeder," which previously had been surveyed. Ground was broken on the latter at Meadville, August 24, 1827, and it was completed to Conneaut Lake in December, 1834, but nothing had yet been accomplished toward building the main line, though the subject continued to be agitated by the people along the proposed route.


At a meeting held in the court-house in Mercer on the 28th of December, 1830, of which Hugh Bingham was chairman and William W. Pearson, secretary, a resolution was passed requesting the citizens of Erie, Crawford, Mercer and Beaver Counties to hold a convention at Mercer on the 18th of the ensuing January, to consult relative to petitioning the Legislature to extend the Pennsylvania Canal from Pittsburgh, to Lake Erie. Jacob Herrington, William S. Rankin, James Braden, John Banks and Joel B. Curtis were appointed a committee to superintend the matter. Of its proceedings we have no record.


But on the 21st of May, 1832, a meeting of delegates from Beaver, Butler, Erie, Mercer and Venango Counties, called to take measures upon the indif- ference of the last General Assembly toward the proposed extension, was held in the Mercer court-house. Hon. John Bredin was chairman, Benjamin Adams, of Beaver, and Col. Thomas Foster, of Erie, were vice-presidents, and Edwin J. Kelso, of Erie, and William S. Rankin, of Mercer, were secretaries. Resolutions were passed condemning the indifference of the previous Legisla- ture, and urging upon the next the speedy completion "of that portion of the line which will connect the city of Pittsburgh with the harbor of Erie, it being necessary to enable the east to share in the advantages of the west, and to complete the original design of connecting the waters of the Delaware with the Western lakes, and to secure to our great Eastern emporium the trade of the Northwestern country."


The project was agitated by others than those mentioned in 1833, '34 and '35. The Reeds, of Erie; the citizens of Meadville; William Fruit, of Clarks- ville; William Budd, T. J. Porter and M. C. Trout, of Sharon, and other


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spirits along the Shenango Valley were deeply interested in the project. The State ultimately made a preliminary re-survey. This was followed, under the administration of Gov. Ritner, by a limited appropriation, which resulted in pushing the work toward completion. In 1842 the Legislature adopted the watchword of "retrenchment;" the enterprise was throttled by annulling all the contracts and stopping the work. This short-sighted policy resulted in sufficient costs of litigation to have completed the enterprise and made it efficient. Gov. Porter, in his annual message in 1843, said that ninety-seven . and three-fourths miles of the main line had been finished, extending from Rochester on the Ohio to the mouth of the French Creek Feeder in Craw- ford County, and that $4,000,000 had been expended on the improvement between 1827 and 1842.


The work was now turned over, without cost, to the "Erie Canal Com- pany," chartered by the Legislature at the session of 1842-43, on condition that that corporation would finish and operate the canal. James M. Power, of Mercer County, was a member of this company and one of its board of man- agers. In September, 1843, contracts were let for the unfinished portion of the work, and December 5, 1844, the two first boats, the "Queen of the West," a passenger packet, and the "R. S. Reed," loaded with Mercer County coal, passed through to Erie. Business was brisk, and a new life sprang into the Shenango Valley. It spoiled many old mill-dams along the Big Shenango, but gave a recompense in increased facilities for transportation.


Sharon, Clarksville, Big Bend and Greenville were all given a commercial importance by this new means of travel and transportation. Big Bend was specially important and active, because it was the point from which supplies were hauled to the eastern, central and southeastern parts of the county.


Shenango, which was laid out in June, 1808, promised to become one of the important places of the county. This paper town is now known only as the place that might have been great if the boom at Big Bend had continued.


The canal flourished until the Erie & Pittsburgh Railroad was completed along the same route, when a downward movement began, which finally resulted in its purchase by that company in 1870. The railroad company con- tinued to operate it until 1871, when the fall of the Elk Creek aqueduct in Erie County gave them an excuse for abandoning the enterprise, which no doubt was the intention at the time of purchase. Its bed has since been a source of annoyance to the people of the towns through which it passed, as a breeder of disease, though most of it is now filled up. The whoop of the boy on the tow-path is no longer heard, but instead the shrill whistle of the iron horse.


RAILROADS.


It is sometimes said that great projects are often carried about in the heads of progressive thinkers for a long time before they are realized. Equally true is it that agitation is the keynote of ultimate triumph. In harmony with this principle we find that a meeting was held at New Wilmington, Mercer County, as early as September 2, 1835, at which Joseph Emery was chairman, and Joseph Cowden and A. C. Semple secretaries, to consider railroad mat- ters. In fact, it was resolved "that this meeting believes it proper for the people of Northwestern Pennsylvania to make an effort to connect the harbor at Erie with the Beaver division of the Pennsylvania Canal at New Castle by a railroad."


On the 1st of November, 1849, a spirited railroad meeting was held at Greenville to consider steps to secure the construction of the Pittsburgh & Erie road, which had been chartered in 1845. Dr. H. D. La Cossitt was


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HISTORY OF MERCER COUNTY.


chairman, and Dr. J. T. Ray and G. A. Bittenbanner were secretaries. A similar meeting was held at Clarksville on the 3d of November, at which Isaac Hazen was president, and James Trimble secretary. Both meetings advocated the enterprise, and regarded it as highly important in developing the permanent interests of the Shenango Valley.


This project was agitated from time to time, but many years elapsed before it was realized. On the 2d of January, 1851, Thomas J. Power, now a resident of Rochester, Beaver County, then chief engineer of the Pittsburgh & Erie Railroad, submitted a report in which he carefully estimated the expense of building such a connecting road a distance of 1033 miles. His estimate for grading and bridging a double track was $644, 700; for securing the super- structure at the rate of $10,000 per mile, $1,085,000, making a total of $1,729,700.


In 1856 a new charter was obtained under the name of the Erie & Pitts- burgh Railroad. In 1859 the track was completed through Crawford County to Jamestown, which remained the terminus from the north until 1864. Work was also progressing from the direction of New Castle. The first freight train arrived at Sharon from the south October 11, 1863, and the first passenger train the 4th of the following January. The line was finished through Mercer County during 1864, and the company advertised to run regular trains from Erie to New Castle after October 31, 1864. This road enters the county at Jamestown and passes down the Shenango Valley, tapping the towns of Green- ville, Shenango, Transfer, Clarksville, Sharpsville, Sharon, Wheatland and West Middlesex in its route.


The Erie Railroad is another important line that passes through Mercer County. In the fall of 1852 a survey was made through this section of the State, and August 19, 1853, ground was broken at Meadville. Soon afterward the contract was let for the construction of that portion of the road lying be- tween the New York and Ohio boundaries, but the work was abandoned in December, 1854. The enterprise continued to be agitated for several years, and in 1857 the Meadville Railroad Company was chartered for the purpose of taking up the project, but financial difficulties balked its promoters. The name of this company was changed by act of Legislature passed March 10, 1859, to the Atlantic & Great Western Railroad Company of Pennsylvania, and active work was soon after resumed. The road was completed from the New York State line, the terminus of the A. & G. W. R. R. of New York, to Meadville in October, 1862, and by January, 1863, the track was finished thorough Mercer County to the Ohio line, where it connected with the A. & G. W. R. R. of Ohio. In August, 1865, the New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio divisions were consolidated as the Atlantic & Great Western Railroad Company. The main line runs southwest from Meadville to Greenville, thence passes down the val- ley through Shenango to below Transfer, where it turns sharply northwest- ward to Orangeville. In January, 1880, the road was sold, and became the New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio, familiarly known as the "Nypano." In March, 1883, the line was leased to the New York, Lake Erie & Western Rail- road Company, and in 1887 it came under the control of the Erie management. Originally it was a broad gauge, but was changed after the first sale to the general standard of the country.


An important branch of this road runs to Youngstown via Sharon, it being a coal road that was formly operated by Coleman, Westerman & Co. The first locomotive crossed north of State Street in Sharon on the 20th of May, 1864, and the first passenger train came along the same line from Cleveland on the 1st of April, 1869. Another branch extends from Sharon to West Middlesex, which is largely used for traffic purposes.


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HISTORY OF MERCER COUNTY.


The Lake Shore system has two lines in the county, one extending from Jamestown through Hadley, Stoneboro and Sandy Lake to Oil City. It was chartered in 1862 as the Jamestown & Franklin Railroad. It was completed for freight purposes in 1865 as far as Stoneboro, and for passenger traffic the following year. The line was at once leased to the Lake Shore (then called the Cleveland, Painsville & Ashtabula) road. Stoneboro continued to be a terminal point until June, 1867, when the road was extended to Franklin, and in August, 1870, to Oil City. In August, 1872, the road was built as far west as Ashtabula to connect with the main line of the L. S. & M. S. Prior to this last date the E. & P. road was used as a northern outlet from James- town.


This road has also a branch from Youngstown to Sharon, with the inten- tion of reaching further up the Shenango Valley. The first construction train crossed north of State Street in Sharon on the 29th of August, 1887. The first passenger train passed in the same direction December 13, 1887.


Another feeder of this line is the Jackson Coal Railroad, which has a terminus at Stoneboro, and extends in a southern direction to the coal fields in Jackson and Worth Townships, a distance of six miles. It was organized in 1883 by S. B. Griffith, A. F. Thompson, Enoch Filer, James Westerman, S. H. Baird and others. It is operated by the Lake Shore in securing coal from the fields mentioned. It is to be extended, it is hoped, from its present quiet terminus to Grove City. .




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