USA > Pennsylvania > Perry County > History of Perry County, Pennsylvania, including descriptions of Indians and pioneer life from the time of earliest settlement, sketches of its noted men and women and many professional men > Part 99
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Come roam with me Columbia's forests through,
Where scenes sublime shall meet your wondering view."
Spring, summer and fall in the mountains finds attraction from the earliest buds of the arbutus, through the laurel and rhododen- dron season until the last of the beautiful colored leaves have fallen from the trees. In the shady and cool recesses of the forest, winding trails, dating back even to the time of the red men, lead through mile after mile of oak, pine and hemlock, with the most beautiful ferns that are to be found anywhere, in many a ravine and glen.
And there is summertime, with the glamour, the romance, the indescribable charm of summer days! It is pleasant to recall from Harry Kemp's "Chatneys and Ballads":
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PERRY COUNTY FROM MANY VIEWPOINTS
"Tell all the world that summer's here again, With song and joy; tell them, that they may know How, on the hillside, in the shining fields
New clumps of violets and daisies grow.
"Tell all the world that summer's here again, That white clouds voyage through a sky so still, With blue tranquility, it seems to hang One windless tapestry, from hill to hill."
Summertime in Perry County, from the time when innumerable daisies grace the sides of the highways of the countryside, until long stretches of goldenrod make your pathway a veritable dream, is but the introduction to that later period of the year-Indian Summer-when the lazily drifting and fleecy clouds o'erhead, combined with the warm sun rays of the passing autumn, make this a veritable land of dreams. And there is beauty, even in the winter, with its myriad snowflakes, its forests garmented in white and its mountains, great white hills, glistening in the winter sun. Then, there is the feeling so minutely sensed by the great John Greenleaf Whittier, in "Snow-Bound," with which many persons native to Perry County are familiar.
There is ever, also, the attraction of solitude known only to the very fastnesses of the forests, where for a time one may feel the vastness of the great out-door world, where, from the loftiest tree of the forest to the tender verdure clinging to the crevices in the ' rock, one may behold the handiwork of the great Creator.
"When lights are low, and the day has died, I sit and dream of the countryside.
"Where sky meets earth at the meadow's end, I dream of a clean and wind-swept space Where each tall tree is a staunch old friend, And each frail bud turns a trusting face.
"A purling brook, with each purl a prayer, To the bending grass its secret tells ; While softly borne on the scented air, Comes the far-off chime of chapel bells.
"A tiny cottage I seem to see, In its quaint old garden set apart ; And a Sabbath calm steals over me, While peace dwells deep in my brooding heart."-Selected.
In many large castern cities and, in fact, at many widely scat- tered points, are Perry Countians whose names are writ high in the world of commerce and letters, and whose faces are familiar in the great marts of trade. When they left Perry County during their earlier years many registered a purpose to some day return and there spend the declining years of their lives. With the pass-
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HISTORY OF PERRY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
ing years their children have grown to manhood and womanhood in their adopted homes, and when the time came for them to ful- fill their cherished desires, they have found that it meant the leav- ing of their closest kin and the parting from friendships formed during a generation or two, to return to the home of their youth. only to find the scenes changed, with few, perhaps, remaining of those whom they knew in the old days. During the swiftly passing years many have fallen asleep and are resting in the cemetery upon the hill, while others, like themselves, have gone abroad and are scattered throughout many states.
The city, with its bright lights, its teeming humanity, and its many amusements, beckons to the country lad and lass, and illu- sioned ofttimes, they leave a good home, a comfortable wage, and God's bright sunlight and open air, the very foundation of their health, for the beckoning paradise-often a lonesome hall-room and a stuffy office, with its many cares and worries. There is something about the open life of the countryside, or even that of the small town, with their freedom, community spirit and neigh- borliness, which the city denizen never knows; and lucky is that boy or girl who is born where he or she can breathe pure air and revel in God's sunlight.
"I sometimes catch my breath, remembering A picture that I love : A shining river running by a town With high, white cliffs above, And from the farthest heights a cedar tree Reaching forever its wide arms to me.
"And I am often touched to brimming tears Recalling some old place : Exquisite purple twilight down a street, A maple's leafy grace, And like a far sweet star lit suddenly An open lighted window flames for me." -Grace Noll Crowell.
CHAPTER XXXVIII. PERRY COUNTY'S BOROUGHS, TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES.
W HEN the lands which now form Perry County were pur- chased by the Penns, from the Indians, in 1754, that part of the county lying west of the Juniata and generally termed Sherman's Valley, was formed into a single township, of Cumber- land County, called Tyrone. That part of the county lying between the Juniata and Susquehanna Rivers was a part of Fermanagh Township, Cumberland County, from the latter part of 1754 or early in 1755, when that township was erected. Fermanagh Town- ship then was of large extent, including all the lands of the new purchase lying between the Juniata and Susquehanna Rivers. It also included that part of Mifflin County lying south of the Juniata, to the Black Log Mountain, and parts of Snyder, Centre and Huntingdon Counties. That extensive and original township, Ty- rone, is to-day subdivided into six boroughs and fifteen townships. As settlement continued and the population demanded smaller units of self-government Fermanagh Township, lying northeast of Sher- man's Valley, also was subdivided, and all that part of Perry County, save the small section lying north and west of Cocolamus Creek, was made into a separate township, named Greenwood, in 1767. That section lying between Cocolamus Creek and the pres- ent Juniata boundary, from "the middle of the long narrows, to the head of Cocolamus Creek," remained a part of Fermanagh Township until the creation of Mifflin County ( which included present Juniata County), on September 19, 1787, when it was thrown into Perry County. This original township lying east of the Juniata, named Greenwood, is to-day divided into five town- ships and three boroughs. When the new county of Perry was erected, in 1820, there were already five townships west of the Juniata-Tyrone, Toboyne, Rye, Juniata and Saville, having been formed in the order named. The part east of the river at that time comprised but two townships. Greenwood and Buffalo.
The author is indebted to hundreds for information, but especially so to the fol- lowing for help on many occasions: J. Earl Sheaffer, New Bloomfield, for assistance in searching files; W. Walter Branyan, Local Editor of the Record. Duncannon, for the use of a number of privately owned cuts of scenery; H. B. Kell and Alton J. Shumaker, Blain; E. C. Dile, Landisburg; S. Maurice Shuler, Liverpool, and H. G. Martin, Millerstown.
911
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HISTORY OF PERRY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
By referring to the history of the various townships following it will be seen that certain farms and parcels of property have been an integral part of various different subdivisions. Take the Dun- cannon Iron Company property as an example. In 1755 it was located in Tyrone Township, Cumberland County. After 1766 it was in Rye Township, Cumberland County. After 1820 it was in Rye Township, Perry County; after 1826, in Wheatfield Town- ship, Perry County, and since 1840, in Penn Township, Perry County.
While the facts relative to the formation of the various town- ships will be found in the chapters relating to their history, yet the following tables, compiled by the author, may be of service. For the convenience of the reader a map showing the townships, as at present constituted, can be found on page 6. By reference to it the following table will be more easily understood.
FORMATION OF TOWNSHIPS.
TOWNSHIP
Y'R
FORMED FROM
LINE OF DESCENT, ETC.
Tyrone
1754
Toboyne
1763
Original township . Comprised all of Perry county lying west of Juniata. Tyrone Originally included Jackson and Madison.
Rye
1766 Tyrone
Originally included Penn, Wheat- field, Miller, Oliver, Juniata, Tuscarora, and parts of Centre and Carroll. Also sites of New- port and Bloomfield.
Greenwood
. .
1767
Fermanagh
Fermanagh was an original town- ship of the Purchase of 1754, in Cumberland county. Green- wood included that part of Perry east of Juniata river and south of Cocolamus creek. See Greenwood township chapter.
Juniata
1793 Rye
Originally contained all of Tusca- rora and Oliver, and parts of Miller and Centre. Also sites of Newport and Bloomfield.
Buffalo
1799
Greenwood
Originally included all of Howe and Watts, and site of New Buf- falo.
Saville
1817
Tyrone
Originally included a part of Cen- tre and a small strip of Madi- son.
The seven townships named above were townships of Cumberland County, before Perry was formed, and became the original townships of the new County of Perry.
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BOROUGHS, TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES
TOWNSHIP
Y'R
FORMED FROM
LINE OF DESCENT, ETC.
Liverpool T. Wheatfield
1823 1826
Greenwood Rye
Includes Liverpool borough.
Included all of Penn and parts of Miller, Centre and Carroll. Also site of Duncannon.
Centret
1831
Saville, Juniata, Wheatfield and Tyrone
Originally contained parts of Oli- ver, Miller, Carroll and Spring.
Carroll
1834
Tyrone, Rye and Wheatfield
Spring.
Midisou
1836
Toboyne and a small Includes strip from both Sa- ville and Tyrone
Oliver
1837
Juniata, Centre and |Originally included part of Miller Buffalo
Penn
1840
Wheatfield
Once part of Tyrone, then Rye, then Wheatfield.
Jackson
1844
Toboyne
First a part of Tyrone. Contains site of Blain.
Spring
18.48
Tyrone and a strip of Centre
Watts
1849
Buffalo
Once part of Greenwood. New Buffalo within its confines.
Miller
1852
Oliver and Wheat- field
Tuscarora
1859
Greenwood and Ju- niata
Howe
1861
Oliver
Originally in Greenwood, then Buffalo, then *Oliver.
*In only two instances were lands from opposite sides of the Juniata combined in the same township. The first was in 1837, when that part of Buffalo which later became Howe was attached to Oliver and so remained for twenty-four years, when it became Howe Township. The other was when a petition was presented to the Court January 4, 1854, asking that the lines of Greenwood Township be altered, to include a portion of Juniata Township lying west of and along the Juniata River, in the Raccoon Valley. The petition was granted and it was a part of Greenwood Town- ship until Tuscarora became a township, in 1859, when it became a part of Tuscarora.
LAYING OUT OF TOWNS.
TOWN.
Y'R
THEN LOCATED IN.
TOWNSHIP ADJOIN- ING Now.
Millerstown
1790
Greenwood
Greenwood.
Petersburg (now Duncannon)
1792
Rye
Penn.
Landisburg
1793
Tyrone
Tyrone.
Reider's Ferry (now New- port)
1 804
Juniata
Oliver.
Liverpool
1808
Greenwood
Liverpool.
New Germantown
1816
Toboyne
Toboyne.
Ickesburg
1816
Saville
Saville.
Baughmanstown (now New
Buffalo)
1820
Buffalo
Watts.
Bloomfield
823
Juniata
Centre.
Andesville (now Loysville)
1840
Tyrone
Tyrone.
Blain
1846
Jackson
Jackson.
Haley (Marysville)
1861
Rye
Rye and Penn.
58
Originally contained part of
Sandy Hill District, sometimes termed N. E. Madi- son.
and all of *Howe. Also site of Newport.
*
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HISTORY OF PERRY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
INCORPORATION OF BOROUGHS.
NAME.
LOCATION WHEN FORMED.
LOCATION NOW-OTHER DATA.
Bloomfield
¥1831
Juniata
Centre, which dates to Aug. 4, 1831.
Landisburg
11831
Tyrone
Tyrone. Temporary county
seat.
Liverpool
1832
Liverpool
Liverpool.
Newport
1 840
Oliver
Oliver.
Petersburg (Duncan- non)
1844
| Penn
Penn. Name changed to Dun- cannon and reincorporated in 1865.
New Buffalo
1848
Buffalo
Watts, which dates to 1849. Greenwood.
Millerstown
1849
Greenwood
Haley ( Marysville )
1866
Rye
Rye, borders Penn also.
Name changed to Marys- ville in 1867.
Blain
1877 . Jackson
Jackson.
1
It is impossible, in a volume of this size, to include all of the warrants and patents for the lands which comprise Perry County, as that would take several volumes alone, but some of the earlier or more prominent are included. In the case of the history of the churches it has been almost impossible to get facts. Manuscript sent out to authorities was never returned, with the result that mttch of the work along that line had to be done twice. The rec- ords are not as complete for those reasons, as were anticipated in the beginning, but will form a foundation upon which to build. Some of the history of the early mills and industries has been lost forever, much of it appears under a chapter devoted to that topic, and some is in the following chapters. In fact, much of the gen- eral matter in this volume could have been included in the town- ship chapters, but had a more general bearing as county history.
BLOOMFIELD BOROUGH-THE COUNTY SEAT.
The story of the long fight for the county seat and the manner of New Bloomfield's selection is dwelt upon at length in the chapter in this book devoted to "The Fight for the County Seat." There was no town there then; it was on a farm formerly belonging to Thomas Barnett, from whom the Barnett families hailing from New Bloomfield have descended. Thomas Barnett had purchased the warrant rights to it in 1784 from David Mitchell, who had made some improvements upon it. The tradition is that Mitchell had settled there in 1743, but that is wrong, as the lands were not purchased from the Indians until 1754, and Mitchell's name is never men- tioned in the provincial records among the squatters who were driven from the county, and according to these records all persons who had then pre- sumed to settle north of the Kittatinny or Blue Mountain were driven out. There is evidence, however, that Mitchell did come in during the latter
+ March 14.
₸December 23.
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BOROUGHS, TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES
part of 1753, although the lands were not thrown open until February 3, 1755, a full account appearing on page 191 of this book. While David Mitchell resided there his son Robert, who later became one of the first board of county commissioners, was born. The patent in possession of the Barnett family shows that four pounds, fourteen shillings and three pence was the price, and according to the old English custom of naming estates it is named on the patent "Bloom Field." When the borough was incor- porated it too was named Bloomfield, but the post office was named New Bloomfield, to distinguish it from an office named Bloomfield, already in existence. There is a pretty little story of the town's being laid out in the center of a clover field in full bloom, but the patent and other historical papers bear out the naming as stated above.
Thomas Barnett, at the time he warranted the tract, lived at "The Cove," that section of Penn Township lying within "the horseshoe." It contained four hundred and eighteen acres. The warrant is dated December 19, 1785, and the patent, August 17, 1796. The title to the lands passed to a son. George Barnett, on May 10, 1804. On Monday, June 2, 1823, the commis- sion appointed by Governor Heister, under the act of March 31, 1823. selected the site for the county seat upon the farm. The legislature con- firmed the report, and on April 12, 1823, George Barnett, for a considera- tion of one dollar, sold to the county commissioners a tract of land on both sides of the road leading from Carlisle to Sunbury, comprising eight acres and one hundred and thirty-six perches, the tract being 564x684 feet in size. He also granted to the county the use forever of a spring, near the southwest boundary of the tract, free of all obstructions. To this day that spring is known as "the big spring." The deeds for surrounding prop- erties contain the same clause granting the privilege of the use of this spring. Shortly thereafter the county commissioners employed Robert Kelly to plot the town. There were to be three streets running from east to west: Main Street, sixty-six feet wide; McClure Street, sixty feet wide, and High Street, fifty feet wide. There was to be one street north to south, known as Carlisle Street, sixty-six feet wide. It was plotted into sixty-four lots. At the intersection of Main and Carlisle Streets a public square was laid out, and four square lots abutting the public square were reserved for public use.
The courthouse was erected on the northeast corner plot in 1826, and the opposite corner was planned for a market house, which, however, has never been built, but instead there is a beautiful shaded lawn, well kept by the municipality, and frequently the scene of local gay festivities. The trees were donated by public spirited citizens, their cost being $1.00 each. Later the lots on the other two corners were sold by the commissioners. One is owned by the Sheibley Brothers, on part of which stands the pub- lication offices of the Peoples' Advocate and Press, and on part of the other the famous old hostelry once known as the Perry House, but now as Rhinesmith's Hotel. The first jail was erected in 1825, on McClure Street. On June 23, 1824, the county commissioners offered twenty-six lots for sale at auction, nearly all of which were purchased, and deeded on August 3, 1824.
There were no buildings on the plot when it was taken over by the county, but adjoining it on the north was a church building known as the Union Church. The first building was a two-and-a-half-story house, con- structed of sawed logs. It was at the southeast corner of Carlisle and McClure Streets, and was built by John Attick. The contract for building the jail was awarded to John Rice, who then went into business in the town and was so engaged until 1850. On May 13, 1824, George Barnett, for a consideration of sixty-eight cents, conveyed to the county commis-
CENTRE SQUARE, NEW BLOOMFIELD. Showing the Court House and Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument.
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BOROUGHS, TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES
sioners a tract of five acres of woodland, "situate on the north side of the road leading from the Dutch meetinghouse, in Juniata Township, to the Blue Ball tavern." Evidently the fuel proposition was being looked after.
In the sale of lots by the county commissioners, lot No. I, at the north- east corner of the public square, was sold to Andrew Shuman. The state- ment sometimes made that "he owned the greater part of Bloomfield," is a gross error. The change of the county seat from Landisburg to New Bloomfield was accompanied by a change of location for a number of business men, among them being James Atchley and John Hipple, who kept taverns there; Robert H. McClelland, a merchant; Alexander Magee, publisher of the Perry Forester, and Charles B. Davis and John D. Creigh, attorneys. In the new county seat's early days Dr. Jonas Ickes, in 1826, built a tavern house, as they were then known, where the Mansion Hotel (until recently ) stands. David Lupfer purchased the lot directly north of the courthouse, on Carlisle Street, and built a two-story brick tavern build- ing which still stands. In 1830 it was licensed as a public house and run by him until 1854, after which it passed to others by lease until 1866, when George Derick purchased the building and conducted it until his death. For a time thereafter Mrs. Derick conducted it as a temperance house. It passed through the hands of various men until recently, when it came into possession of Theodore K. Long, owner of the Carson Long Institute, who remodeled it into a hall for the use of students, it being known as the "Eaglerook" Hall. The next lot north was bought by John Hipple, who had kept hotel in Landisburg from 1819 until 1826, when he was elected sheriff. At the conclusion of his term as sheriff he bought the Warm Springs property and kept a tavern there for several years. Captain Wil- liam Power owned the next lot, corner of Carlisle and High Streets. Robert Kelly, for many years a school teacher and surveyor, bought the lot on which the First National Bank is now located.
Among the early business men and manufacturers were Dr. Jonas Ickes, who practiced medicine, kept the post office, a drug store, and a tavern- a sort of a small monopoly; Robert H. McClelland, a tavern and a store at different periods; David Deardorff, a tavern; William McCaskey, a tailor; Mrs. Jane Axe, millinery ; Jeremiah Drexler, a tailor ; John Dun- bar, cabinetmaker; Thomas A. Godfrey, merchant; John Dubbs, a mer- chant; Thomas Black, a merchant, and George Arnold, a shoe shop, em- ploying a dozen men, for there were no shoe factories then. John Gotwalt was a chairmaker; Adam M. Axe was a saddler and harness manufac- turer, and Robert R. Guthrie, a silversmith. Among the early settlers were John Crist, a weaver; Henry Fritz, a mason; Andrew Moyer, a printer ; Joseph Johnston, a wagonmaker; David Lupfer, a blacksmith, and James Marshall, a tanner.
Logically, the legal talent followed the courthouse. John D. Creigh, an attorney, bought lots on the northwest corner of the square and erected a brick house. Charles B. Davis, an attorney, was admitted in 1821 and died in 1829. Benjamin McIntire, an attorney admitted in 1825, located in the town soon after the transfer of the county seat and bought of Andrew Shuman lot No. I, adjoining the courthouse, where he lived until the time of his death. Conrad Roth began keeping a tavern in 1831 and continued until his death, after which it was a temperance house until 1885.
On September 21, 1824, William McClure, who was a son of William McClure I, who located the lands on which the Perry County Home now stands, purchased two lots from George Barnett, upon which he erected a tannery. Mr. McClure owned and operated the tannery from 1825 until 1842, when he sold to Henry S. Forry, who also purchased the Marshall tannery and opened a store. Among others who later owned this tannery
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HISTORY OF PERRY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
were James McNeal, Wilson McKee, Joseph Page, Bucher & Simpson, and Daniel Bucher, Sr., who in 1865 sold it to Samuel A. Peale. Mr. Peale operated it until 1873, at which time the business was discontinued.
In 1830 James Marshall purchased a lot of ground from George Barnett, on the south side of McClure Street, and erected a tannery. In 1851 it was owned by John Bowers, who sold it to William Peale. After his death in 1860, it was continned by his son, Samuel A. Peale, until 1866, when it was destroyed by fire. It was in this tannery that young Alexander K. McClure learned the tanning business, and later gave it up to become a newspaper man, which for him was the opening door to national fame.
The following from the Perry Forester of April 30, 1829, is a pen pic- ture of the new county seat :
"There are now 29 dwelling housess, 21 shops and offices, a courthouse and jail, besides other out-houses in this town. There are 4 stores, 5 taverns, I printing office, 2 shoemaker shops, 2 tailor shops, 1 saddler, 4 cabinet makers, I hatter, 1 tinner, 2 blacksmith shops, 2 tanneries, 2 or 3 carpenters, more than half a dozen lawyers and half as many doctors. The population of the town is about 220. Little more than four years ago, the site upon which the town stands was an inclosed cloverfield, without a solitary building upon it."
William Sponsler, a brewer by occupation, came over from Carlisle, and in 1833 purchased from George Barnett a plot of ground on the east side of Carlisle Street on which he erected a brew house, continuing in business until 1843. For many years thereafter this same building was occupied by a foundry. On the west side of Carlisle Street, in the southern section of the town, Jeremiah Madden, who had been an associate judge from the formation of the county until 1832, located a cooper shop, upon several acres of land purchased of Barnett, where he plied his trade. Later it was used as a foundry for a few years.
The old foundry building, recently turned into a garage, was opened in 1852, being described by the erector as "at the south end of Carlisle Street." An early chair factory at New Bloomfield, operated by Samuel Dunbar, continuously employed three or four men. This was unusual, as in those days there were few employees in business, most of it being done by individuals in shops of their own.
As early as November 25, 1830, a meeting was held to organize for bet- ter protection against fires, which later resulted in the organization of the "New Bloomfield Marine Fire Company," which purchased a hand engine and other necessary paraphernalia. There have been a number of suc- cessors to this early company, which was short-lived.
Bloomfield was the first town in the county to be incorporated as a bor- ough, that act being dated March 14, 1831, and preceding that of Landis- burg by nine months. The preliminary meeting was held on November 25, 1830, to consider the necessity and arrange for petitioning the legislature for a borough charter. This date is the same as the one which resulted in the organization of the fire company, which leads us to believe that these early citizens of the county seat were progressive. In fact, town meetings would be a mighty good thing to-day in many places, for frequently the one who holds office is not the logical man nor the one best fitted, but rather a result of our political system. Alexander Magee was the first burgess of the borough. The present town of Bloomfield also occupies a part of the 294-acre tract warranted by Jacob Lupfer, August 4, 1787. Mr. Lupfer was the ancestor of the numerous Lupfer families of succeeding generations, a sturdy strain of whom inhabit not only Pennsylvania, but many states of the Union. He was born in Germany, in 1721, emigrated to America in 1752, settling in Berks County. He removed to Perry County territory in 1776, settling on the claim which bordered his later possession
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