USA > Pennsylvania > Venango County > History of Venango County, Pennsylvania : its past and present, including > Part 20
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Death found him in the full vigor of his intellectual growth, and while still a comparatively young man, cut short a career that had already won him an enviable reputation as a physician and an honorable standing among men. Perhaps no one in this community was ever more generally or sin- cerely mourned. Fond of research and fortunate in possessing a retentive memory, he was fully abreast of the times in the progress of medical science and in all the current matters and literature of the day, was conversant with that branch of law known as medical jurisprudence, and in the midst of a large practice he yet found time to master the German language so as to translate it with ease, and in the days of waning health found recreation in reading the works of Goethe, Schiller, Heine, Auerbach, Spielhagen, and other German authors, and toward the last read Luther's version of the New Testament and Book of Psalms. He was often called to give testimony in the courts as an expert, and his statements were always so concise, techni- cal and clear, that the court, the bar, and the jury listened to him as one speaking with authority.
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His reputation as a skillful surgeon, and especially as a physician pos- sessing in an unusual degree the faculty of unerring diagnosis (that rare gift which more than any other indicates true professional genius), was wide-spread, and he was often called beyond the limits of his own county and state in consultation. He regarded his profession a high and sacred calling, and always practiced in strict accordance with the "code of ethics," which he called the " code of honor among physicians." He was a mem- ber of the county and state medical societies, also of the American Medi- cal Association, and in 1876 was a delegate to the international convention of physicians at Philadelphia. He enjoyed to an exceptional degree the confidence and esteem of his professional contemporaries. The soul of honor, frank, outspoken, and independent, a stanch friend and loyal to old friends, he had a rare faculty of winning new ones. Beneath a somewhat brusque manner he carried a very sensitive nature and a sympathetic heart. Although not devoted to society he was very fond of informal social inter- course, and was a fluent, racy, and entertaining conversationalist. In poli- tics he was a life-long Democrat.
Upon religious subjects Doctor Snowden was a liberal thinker. Though never a church member he admired the observances of the Episcopal church, and requested that when his time should come its solemn burial service should be used and its clergyman officiate. Upon being asked a few days before his death if he wished the counsel or intercession of any of the clergymen of the town, he answered in the negative, saying: "God under- stands me. My faith is fixed and I need no mediator. This" (producing a little piece that he had clipped from some paper), "expresses the substance of my faith." It contained the last words and prayer of Judge Jeremiah S. Black. "How can I fear to cross the dark river when my father waits for me on the other shore ? Would I were as comfortable about all I leave behind unfinished in this world! Oh, Thou most beloved and merciful heavenly Father, from whom I have had my being and in whom I have ever trusted, if it is Thy will, grant that my suffering may end, and that I may be called home to Thee, and Oh, bless and comfort Thee my Mary."
On the 12th of September, 1867, Doctor Snowden was united in mar- riage by the Reverend J. F. Spaulding (now Episcopal bishop of Colorado), to Mary Judson, daughter of Doctor William Judson of Waterford, Erie county, Pennsylvania, who still survives him.
Walter Lowrie Whann, son of Robert S. and Elizabeth (Lowrie) Whann, was born and reared to adult age in Mineral township, Venango county. In the summer of 1841 he entered New Hagertown Academy, Carroll county, Ohio, and in the following year became a student at the Franklin College, New Athens, Ohio, completing a literary course in June, 1847, after which he immediately began the study of medicine. In 1849-50 he attended a course of lectures at Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, and in 1850
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HISTORY OF VENANGO COUNTY.
began the practice of medicine at Clintonville. He attended a second course of lectures at Starling Medical College in 1855-56. During the civil war he was appointed surgical director for the district in which this county is situated. In 1867-68 he took a special course at Jefferson Medical Col- lege, Philadelphia, from which he graduated in 1868. He located at Franklin the same year, and has been engaged in the active duties of his profession in this county longer than any other of the physicians of that city. He is a member of the county, state, and national medical associa- tions, and has an abiding confidence in the regular system of medicine, be- lieving that all outside of that school tends to retard the progress of medi- cal science. In 1865 he married Miss Frances Emerett Jones, of Randolph, New York, and they are the parents of one child, Elizabeth E. The doctor is a Republican in politics, and represented this county in the legislature in 1866-67.
The present practicing physicians of Franklin are Doctors W. L. Whann, J. R. Borland, Isaac St. Clair, E. W. Moore, D. C. Galbraith, W. A. Nicholson, E. P. Wilmot, Stephen Bredin, J. W. Leadenham, G. B. Still- man, J. B. Glenn, T. A. Irwin, and John M. Douds.
Doctor Borland commenced practice at Harlansburg, Pennsylvania, in 1851, and located at Franklin in 1865, graduating at the Philadelphia University of Medicine and Surgery in 1865 and at the Georgia Eclectic Medical College in 1880. Doctor St. Clair is also an Eclectic practitioner and came to Franklin in 1868. Doctor Moore graduated at the University of Wooster, Cleveland, in 1869, and came to Franklin in 1871. Doctor Galbraith began his practice in this county at Polk in 1862, whence he came to Franklin in 1871. He graduated at the Ohio Medical College in 1865. Doctor Nicholson graduated from Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- lege, New York, in 1876. Doctor Wilmot graduated from the Homoeopathic Hospital College of Cleveland in 1882, and soon after located in Franklin. Doctor Bredin graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1856, his professional work since that date having been principally done at Butler, whence he removed to Franklin in 1883. Doctor Leadenham came to Franklin from Edenburg, Clarion county, in 1883; he is a graduate of Bellevue Hospital Medical College. Dr. Stillman, after graduating from the Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons at Baltimore in 1880, commenced practice at North East, Erie county, subsequently removing to Amite City, Louisiana, Atlanta, Georgia, and to Franklin in 1885. Doctor Glenn came to Franklin in 1887, but had practiced at Polk and Freedom in this county for some years previously. He graduated at Jefferson Medical College in 1872. Doctor Irwin graduated at the College of Homoeopathy, Chicago, in 1888, and has been practicing at Franklin since that date. Doctor Douds came to Franklin from Mercer in 1889.
The first physician at Emlenton was Dr. Snowden, and after his depart-
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ure in 1830, he was succeeded after an interim of several years by James Gow, whose daughter was the first child born at that borough. After a residence of about six years he removed to Callensburg and shortly after- ward, having sustained severe injuries by being thrown from a horse, he relinquished the profession, removing to Clarion, where he was prothon- otary. Subsequently he went to Meadville and became a minister in the Methodist church. The next practitioner was William E. Bishop, who, though not regularly educated for the profession, met with fair success. The succession of medical gentlemen at this borough includes the names of Doctors John Fowler, John Beatty, - Adair, Josiah McMichael, Robert Colbert, T. W. Sampson, B. F. Hamilton, J. E. Moore, J. E. Hall, C. S. Kerr, E. A. Kuhns, and others.
Samuel Bates, the pioneer physician of Cooperstown, located at that borough in 1830. He was from western New York, and removed in 1836 to Titusville, where he was associated with Doctor Shugert, and remained for some time. J. M. Dille, who was born in Lake county, Ohio, in 1822, graduated at Starling Medical college in 1845, and located at Cooperstown in 1836, where he practiced his profession until his death.
Robert Crawford, of Cooperstown, has been a resident of the county longer than any other of its physicians. Born in County Tyrone, Ireland, May 14, 1817, he came to America with his parents in 1821. He was reared in the vicinity of Pittsburgh and acquired an academic education at the schools of that city. His medical preceptor was Doctor Wilson, of Allegheny county. After pursuing a course of study at the Cleveland Med- ical College he graduated from that institution in 1845, and in 1860 also obtained the degree of M. D. from the University of Pennsylvania. He entered upon the practice of medicine at Cooperstown in 1837, and from that date has been prominently identified with the profession in this county. He has been one of the censors of Cleveland Medical College many years, and is a member of the county, state, and national associations.
The earliest physicians of the Scrubgrass region were Doctors John Coulter and John D. Wood. The former lived on a farm in Clinton town- ship, and his rides extended over all the south western part of the county and into the adjoining portions of Butler and Mercer. He never kept any accounts, and consequently the full remuneration for his services depended very much upon the memory and honesty of the patient. Doctor Wood lived at the summit of an elevated declivity overlooking the river and within hearing from a similar bluff on the opposite bank, which enabled persons in Rockland or Richland to secure his services without crossing. His practice was largely in that direction. He is known to have resided there as late as 1826, and probably removed to Franklin soon after that date. Doctor Coulter lived in that locality until his death.
Andrew J. McMillan was the first physician of Clintonville. He was a
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HISTORY OF VENANGO COUNTY.
native of Mercer county, and read medicine with James Magoffin, of Mer- cer, after having completed a classical course at Allegheny college, Mead- ville. He began his practice at Sandy Lake in partnership with John Pethbath, but removed to Clintonville in 1840. His labors extended over the territory included within a radius of ten miles. After his departure from this county he removed to Williamsburg, Franklin county, Kansas, where he died in 1886.
Among others who have represented the profession at Clintonville are J. B. McMillan, brother to Andrew J., who located there in 1842; W. L. Whann, now of Franklin, who began his practice here in 1850; James Foster, afterward a minister of the Methodist church; A. G. Egbert, of Franklin; K. M. Hoffman; J. E. Gillespie, who came to the borough in April, 1866, and left in June, 1868, to enter the navy; Doctors Oliver Ormsby, Homer Jackson, George Carr, C. P. Godfrey, and W. A. Nicholson.
The first practitioner at Utica was M. M. Byles, a native of Allegheny township. He read medicine with Doctor Gillett and began practice in 1837, continuing until his death in 1847. His earliest successor was J. A. Donaldson.
Doctors John Wilson and Thomas B. Shugert were the earliest physi- cians in the northeastern part of the county. Doctor Wilson was born in Jackson township in 1820, studied medicine with Samuel Axtell, of Mercer county, and graduated from Cleveland Medical College in 1843, locating at Neillsburg, whence he removed to Pleasantville some years ago. Doctor Shugert was born in Centre county in 1820. He received an academic edu- cation at Lewistown and acquired his professional training at Cleveland Med- ical College. His practice was begun at Enterprise, Warren county, but in 1849 he removed to Pleasantville, thenceforth his residence until death, September 7, 1886.
James Petit was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, October 8, 1818. He read medicine with Doctor Tracy Bronson, of Newton Falls, Trumbull county, Ohio. He was married in Meigs county, Ohio, and resided there for a time, but in 1848 located in Victory township on the Pittsburgh road, where he practiced medicine until his death, April 17, 1882. He was well known throughout that part of the county. He served as justice of the peace four terms, and was active in promoting local educational and religious interests.
G. W. Cary, of East Sandy, was born at Franklin, April 17, 1824, son of Nathaniel Cary, a pioneer of the county. His professional training was obtained at Cleveland Medical College, from which he graduated in 1847. He located at East Sandy in 1849, and has enjoyed an extensive practice. Mrs. Cary is a daughter of John W. Shugert.
The first resident physician at the site of Oil City was John Nevins, who came to that locality in 1850 for the purpose of regaining his health, but was
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THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.
constrained to remain. After the place began to assume the proportions of a town the first physicians were Doctors M. L. Porterfield, S. S. Christy, J. R. Arter, - Seys, and M. M. Hulings. The present practicing physicians are Jonathan Whitely, Homoeopathist, who came to Oil City in 1861; C. D. Thompson, one of the first Eclectic physicians in the county, who located here in 1862; F. F. Davis, a graduate of the University of Michigan in 1861, a surgeon and medical officer through the war, and since its close a resident of Oil City; J. M. Harding, who came here in 1867; J. A. Ritchey, a grad- uate of Jefferson Medical College in 1871, who at once began practice here; W. H. H. Jackson, whose professional work at Oil City began in 1872; A. F. Coope, who has been identified with the profession in this county since 1877; T. C. McCulloch, who graduated at Jefferson Medical College in 1847, and located at Oil City in 1877; William Forster, who practiced at Pioneer from 1865. to 1882, when he removed to Oil City; S. W. Sellew, who came here in 1882; Doctors J. D. Arters, J. M. McFarland, C. W. Coulter, and W. F. Connors. T. W. Egbert, deceased, who graduated at the Ohio Medical College in 1863, began his professional career at Oil City within a short time thereafter, and was recognized as an able physician. He was officially connected with the county medical society at various times.
MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
The Venango County Medical Society, auxiliary to the American Medi- cal Association and the Medical Society of the State of Pennsylvania, was organized on the 8th of May, 1867, at Franklin, with the following constit- uent members: Doctors Buckland Gillett, S. G. Snowden, W. S. Welsh, S. S. Porter, J. R. Arter, D. C. Galbraith, and Robert Crawford. The pur- poses of this organization are thus set forth in its constitution: " The objeet of this society shall be the advancement of knowledge upon all sub- jects connected with the healing art; the organization of the profession in connection with the State Medical Society and the American Medical Asso- ciation; the elevation of the character and the protection of the proper rights and interests of those engaged in the practice of medicine, and the means calculated to render the medical profession most useful to the public and subservient to the great interests of humanity." The qualifications for membership were thus set forth: "To entitle a person to membership in this society he must be a citizen of the county of Venango, also a practi- tioner in the county one year, a graduate of a respectable medical school, a licentiate of some approved medical institution, or a regular practitioner of at least fifteen years' standing and of good moral and professional reputa- tion." In the present constitution these provisions have been so changed as to harmonize with recent statutory enactments. The latter instrument, prepared by a committee consisting of Robert Crawford, S. G. Snowden, and J. A. Ritchey, was adopted October 21, 1884.
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HISTORY OF VENANGO COUNTY.
The officers of the society are a president, vice-president, recording secre- tary, assistant secretary, corresponding secretary, treasurer, and a board of censors composed of three members, one of whom is elected annually for the term of three years. The president is ineligible for two consecutive terms. The first election resulted in the choice of Buckland Gillett as pres- ident; S. G. Snowden, vice-president; W. S. Welsh, secretary; S. S. Porter, treasurer, and S. G. Snowden, J. R. Arter, and D. C. Galbraith, censors, who probably served in their respective capacities until 1869. The succes- sion from that date is as follows:
1869 .- President, J. R. Arter; vice-president, W. W. Powell; secre- tary, W. S. Welsh; treasurer, Buckland Gillett.
1870 .- President, Robert Crawford; vice-president, T. W. Egbert, sec- retary, W. S. Welsh; treasurer, Buckland Gillett; censor, William Forster.
1871. - President, T. W. Egbert; vice-president, D. C. Galbraith, sec- retary, F. F. Davis; treasurer, W. S. Welsh; censor, L. H. Christie:
1872 .- President, S. G. Snowden; vice-president, W. S. Welsh; secre- tary, F. F. Davis; treasurer, W. L. Whann; censor, K. M. Hoffman.
1873. - President, F. F. Davis; vice-president, B. F. Hamilton; secre- tary, J. A. Ritchey; treasurer, E. W. Moore; censor, J. R. Arter.
1874 .- President, W. S. Welsh; vice-president, J. A. Ritchey; secre- tary and treasurer, E. W. Moore; censor, J. A. Ritchey.
1875 .- President, W. L. Whann; vice-president and secretary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, L. H. Christie; censor, W. S. Welsh.
1876 .- President, L. H. Christie; vice-president, S. H. Benton; secre- tary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, L. H. Christie; censor, S. H. Benton.
1877 .- President, J. A. Ritchey; vice-president, B. F. Hamilton; secre- tary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, L. H. Christie; censor, B. F. Hamilton.
1878 .- President, B. F. Hamilton; vice-president, G. W. Dille; secre- tary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, L. H. Christie; censor, T. W. Egbert.
1879 .- President, S. H. Benton; vice-president, J. E. Blaine; secre- tary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, L. H. Christie; censor, W. L. Whann.
1880 .- President, J. K. Crawford; vice-president, A. F. Coope; secre- tary, E. W. Moore; treasurer and censor, T. W. Egbert.
1881 .- President, G. W. Dille; vice-president, E. W. Moore; secretary, A. F. Coope; treasurer, T. W. Egbert; censor, F. F. Davis.
1882 .- President, E. W. Moore; vice-president, J. E. Blaine; secretary, A. F. Coope; treasurer, T. W. Egbert; censor, G. W. Dille.
1883 .- President, A. F. Coope; vice-president, S. G. Snowden; secre- tary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, T. W. Egbert; censor, S. G. Snowden.
1884. - President, T. C. Mccullough; vice-president, J. W. Morrow; secretary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, A. F. Coope; censor, J. K. Crawford. . 1885 .-- President, William Forster; vice-president, J. W. Morrow; sec- retary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, J. A. Ritchey; censor, Robert Crawford.
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THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.
1886. - President, J. W. Morrow; vice-president, W. A. Nicholson; sec- retary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, J. A. Ritchey; censor, T. C. Mccullough. 1887. - President, W. A. Nicholson; vice-president, J. D. Arters; secre- tary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, J. A. Ritchey; censor. W. S. Welsh.
1888. - President, J. D. Arters; vice-president, S. Bredin; secretary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, J. A. Ritchey; censor, C. S. Kerr.
1889. - President, S. Bredin; vice-president, G. B. Stillman; secretary, E. W. Moore; treasurer, J. A. Ritchey; censor, F. F. Davis.
The following is a list of the members at present, with residence and date of election to membership: Robert Crawford, Cooperstown, May 8, 1867; F. F. Davis, Oil City, July 24, 1867; W. L. Whann, Franklin, July 24, 1867; J. K. Crawford, Cooperstown, July, 1870; J. A. Ritchey, Oil City, .October 17, 1871; E. W. Moore, Franklin, October 17, 1871; B. F. Hamilton, Emlenton, 1871; G. W. Dille, Cooperstown, January 21, 1873; W. A. Nicholson, Franklin, October 19, 1875; A. F. Coope, Oil City, April 16, 1878; T. C. Mccullough, Oil City, July 15, 1879; J. W. Morrow, Tio- nesta, Forest county, October 17, 1882; W. F. Conners, Oil City, July 17, 1883; William Forster, Oil City, July 17, 1883; J. D. Arters, Oil City, April 15, 1884; Stephen Bredin, Franklin, October 21, 1884; C. S. Kerr, Emlenton, July 19, 1886; C. N. Van Sickle, Wallaceville, October 19, 1886; G. B. Stillman, Franklin, January 18, 1887; W. L. Mckinley, Polk, Jan- uary 17, 1888; J. B. Glenn, Franklin, April 15, 1889; A. H. Bowser, Pitts- ville, January 15, 1889; G. W. Barr, Titusville, Crawford county, April 15, 1889; F. M. McClelland, Utica, July 16, 1889; C. W. Coulter, Oil City, July 16, 1889.
Eclectic Medical Association of Pennsylvania .- Preliminary measures for the organization of this body were taken at a meeting of the Eclectic physicians of north western Pennsylvania at Oil City, on the 21st of January, 1873, in which Doctors J. R. Borland, C. D. Thompson, and J. M. Hard- ing, of this county, were active participants. The formal organization oc- curred at Titusville, April 15, 1873, with the following officers: President, Alexander Thompson, of Meadville; vice-president, H. B. White, of Har- lansburg; recording secretary, J. M. Harding, of Oil City; corresponding secretary, C. D. Thompson, of Oil City; treasurer, J. R. Borland, of Frank- lin. A charter of incorporation was granted by the court of Venango county, September 20, 1875. The members from this county at that date were J. M. Harding, C. D. Thompson, J. R. Borland, L. W. Ranney, and I. St. Clair.
The Eclectic Medical Society of Western Pennsylvania was organized at Corry, August 10, 1875, with fourteen members, of whom J. A. Salisbury, of Corry, was elected president; C. J. Philips, of Sugar Grove, Warren county, vice-president; J. R. Borland, of Franklin, secretary; and Alexan- der Thompson, of Meadville, treasurer. Its territorial limits originally em-
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HISTORY OF VENANGO COUNTY.
braced only the counties of Venango, Erie, Crawford, and Mercer, and "Northwestern" appeared in the title instead of " Western," which was substituted in 1888, when the limits were so extended as to include all the western counties of the state. The meetings of this society have frequently been held at Franklin. It is auxiliary to the state association and compre- hended under the charter of the latter. Although these societies are not local organizations, strictly speaking, their inception and incorporation oc- curred here and are properly a part of the medical record of the county.
The Liberal Association of Northwestern Pennsylvania, organized at Oil City, January 21, 1873, was also composed principally of medical prac- titioners in Venango couuty. The first officers were J. M. Harding, of Oil City, president; Mrs. C. T. Canfield, of Titusville, vice-president; J. R. Borland, of Franklin, recording secretary; C. D. Thompson, of Oil City, corresponding secretary; J. S. Hill, of Franklin, treasurer; Alexander Thompson, of Meadville, W. H. H. Jackson, of Oil City, and I. St. Clair, of Franklin, censors. The membership included representatives of various schools, the object having been to promote "mutual professional recogni- tion and intercourse," as indicated by the title. While this design may have been rather impracticable under the present status of professional ethics, the association enjoyed a harmonious existence of three years, when it dis- banded in consequence of the withdrawal of a large part of its membership to unite with the organizations of their distinctive schools.
ROSTER OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. .
The law of Pennsylvania requires that every person engaged in the reg- ular practice of medicine or surgery shall be a graduate of a legally char- tered medical college, and have his diploma registered in the prothonotary's office in the county where he resides. Exception is made in the case of phy- sicians who have been in continuous practice in the state since 1871. The following is an alphabetical list of physicians who registered in compliance with the requirements of the law from June 1881, to October, 1889, showing the institution from which each graduated, and the year of gradu- ation or length of time engaged in regular practice in the state, as the case may be, and residence at the time of registration :
J. D. Arters, Oil City; University of Buffalo, 1882.
W. A. Baker, Rockland township; continuous practice in the state since 1870.
S. H. Benton, Oil City; University of Buffalo, 1870; Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York, 1879.
J. M. Blaine, Emlenton; Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, 1881.
J. E. Blaine, Pleasantville; Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York, 1872.
J. J. Boal, Wallaceville; Detroit Medical College, 1877.
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THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.
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