USA > Pennsylvania > Venango County > History of Venango County, Pennsylvania : its past and present, including > Part 44
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The Third Ward Chapel was originally built by the Church of God, which sustained an organization several years. In 1885 the property, a substantial brick building, was purchased and repaired by Charles Miller and J. C. Sibley, who have sustained the pecuniary obligations of the enter- prise throughout. Reverend E. F. Crane, a Baptist clergyman, is in charge, but no denominational organization exists. There is a flourishing Sunday school under the superintendency of Charles Miller.
The Venango County Bible Society was re-organized May 20, 1867, with Reverend S. J. M. Eaton, president; Reverend J. R. Lyon, vice-presi- dent; C. E. Lytle, secretary; James Bryden, treasurer; Joseph H. Smith, librarian; and a board of managers composed of the following persons: Samuel Plumer, C. H. Dale, J. S. McCalmont, James Black, James Miller, of Franklin; Reverends Bowman, of Scrubgrass, and Moore, Meech, Whitely, McNabb, and Nevins, of Oil City; David Henderson, of Irwin; and M. C. Beebe, of Pleasantville. Although the meetings have been discontinued for some time, this society is still regarded as an auxiliary by the state or- ganization.
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L.H. Aussitt
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CITY OF FRANKLIN.
The Young Men's Christian Association was first organized at Franklin about the year 1865, but, after a brief period of active existence, disbanded. A reorganization occurred March 10, 187I. George S. King was elected president; R. G. Lamberton, vice-president; J. M. Dewoody, recording secretary; J. H. Donly, corresponding secretary; and D. W. Morgan, treasurer. This shared the fate of its predecessor. Both of these were purely local, not associated with the state or national bodies.
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Properly speaking the existence of the Y. M. C. A. at Franklin has begun with the present year (1889). A preliminary organization was effected early in the year with A. Y. Findlay, chairman, and S. P. Haslet, secretary. The association was permanently organized July 30, 1889, with the following officers: President, Charles Miller; vice-presidents, A. Y. Findlay, C. J. Crawford, J. B. Myers; secretaries, S. P. Haslet, J. B. Moorhead; treasurer, J. R. Kuhns.
THE FRANKLIN CEMETERY.
The Franklin Cemetery Company was incorporated April 29, 1869, the incorporators being R. S. McCormick, S. F. Dale, C. Heydrick, Samuel .Plumer, P. McGough, L. D. Rogers, J. M. Bredin, J. L. Hanna, R. L. Cochran, S. C. T. Dodd, G. R. Snowden, and J. D. Hancock, who organ- ized May 6, 1869, with a board of directors composed of S. F. Dale, presi- dent; G. R. Snowden, secretary; J. L. Hanna, treasurer; L. D. Rogers, and Samuel Plumer. Twenty acres of ground were purchased in 1870, a location of great natural beauty convenient to the city, and some thousands of dollars have been expended upon its improvement and ornamentation, Joseph Bell, president; O. D. Bleakley, secretary; W. J. Dewoody, treas- urer, W. J. Welsh, and Hugh Carr constitute the present directory.
RESUME.
The modern city of Franklin inherits a rich legacy of historic associa- tions. From the time of Celoron's expedition a period of fifty years elapsed before the military occupation of this locality terminated; and hav- ing passed successively from French to English and from English to Ameri- can rule with an interregnum associated with the worst horrors of an Indian war, this region was at length ready for peaceful and unobstructed settlement. The kind attentions of the state government gave to the town its name, its broad and regular streets, its public parks, and the importance that naturally attaches to a county seat. Nevertheless the place so well designed by Ellicott and Irvine materialized with the slowness characteristic of inland towns of the period. Modern history in Franklin may be said to begin with the discovery of oil. This attracted population, railroads, and capital. Within the first decade after the Evans well became productive three railroads were in operation to the town; the business of refining oil 24
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HISTORY OF VENANGO COUNTY.
was fairly established; four banks had been organized; several of the com- modious church edifices of to-day were erected; the city government was instituted, and municipal improvement energetically agitated. Well paved streets lined with shade trees, and public parks of which few cities of the same size anywhere can boast, testify to the result of this agitation. Natural surroundings, convenience of access, religious, educational, and social privileges of a high order combine to render Franklin a most desira- ble place of residence. Then the surrounding territory produces an oil unsurpassed as a lubricant, which insures the permanency of its refining and general industrial interests. Properly and fully utilized the advantages of the city as a manufacturing point will render the future of Franklin as prosperous as the past has been eventful.
CHAPTER XXIII.
OIL CITY.
SITES AND SALES-EARLY BUSINESS, PHYSICIANS, AND LAWYERS-PLATS AND ORGANIZATION-PUBLIC BUILDINGS, GRADING, AND DRAINAGE-DEPART- MENTS OF FIRE AND POLICE-WATER WORKS, GAS, AND ELECTRICITY- FIRES AND FLOODS, ETC .- FACILITIES OF TRAVEL AND TRANS- PORTATION-INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE-POST, TELEGRAPH, AND TELEPHONE OFFICES-BANKS AND BUILDING ASSOCI- ATIONS - NEWSPAPERS - HOTELS AND HALLS-MANU- FACTURES-OIL OPERATIONS-SECRET, SOCIAL, AND PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES-SCHOOLS-RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS-CEMETERIES.
A T the mouth of Oil creek, Cornplanter, the celebrated Seneca chief, might have stood on the little island bearing his name and looked over to the wooded bottoms on the west side, or the east side, lying against the steep wooded bluffs, or glanced southward to the gentler and higher slopes, and hardly thought that a quarter-century later the west side bottoms would be a blooming farm, or the east side a broad meadow at the foot of whose bluffs a mill-race would flow to turn the machinery of a furnace and a mill near the Allegheny, or again that there would be thrifty farms spread over the beautiful south side dotted with an occassional log farmhouse. But much less might the old chief foresee these picturesque hills and banks covered with the busy blocks, residences, railways, bridges, wires, tanks, factories, churches, and schools of a city of over twelve thousand souls,
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with all the noise and bustle, wealth and power of the metropolis of a great and to him unknown industry!
Cornplanter owned the east side, which was part of the reservation granted him by the state March 16, 1796, as elsewhere mentioned; and he held it until May 29, 1818, when William Connely of Venango county, and William Kinnear of Centre county bought it for two thousand one hundred and twenty-one dollars. Connely, however, resold his half to Cornplanter, in October, and by a suit for a debt thus incurred it was sold at sheriff's sale November 22, 1819, to Alexander McCalmont, of Franklin. Almost five years later, in the spring of 1824, this half was sold to Matthias Stock- berger, and on June 25th, Stockberger, Kinnear, and Richard Noyes became partners in the erection of an iron furnace, foundry, and mill, with houses, steamboat landing, and warehouses at the east side of the mouth of Oil creek. The firm of William Kinnear & Company thus founded the first settlement here under the name of Oil Creek Furnace. January 11, 1825, William and Frederick G. Crary became partners and by September 19th, had absorbed the whole business, which for the next ten years they carried on with vigor. The quality of iron in the surrounding hills and the difficul- ties of working made these furnaces unprofitable in the competition with richer finds of ore elsewhere, and February 27, 1835, their property was sold by the sheriff, Andrew McCaslin, to William Bell. For fourteen years the Bells-William, W. Bell & Son, and finally Samuel Bell, operated the furnace, employing as many as forty men, but the rich finds of Lake Superior caused them to close the furnaces in 1849. Although the Bannons lived in the deserted village for the next few years, the land was not sold until June 19, 1856, when the Bell heirs sold to Graff, Hasson & Company, of whom William Hasson, with his father James and family, located on the flats. These were a part of one thousand acres purchased for seven thousand dollars, and were farmed by them up to about a year after the Drake oil well excitement. Some of this in 1864 was sold to the United Petroleum Farms Association.
On the west side an unknown squatter had secured a sort of title to four hundred acres, and made some improvements previous to 1803, at which date Francis and Sarah (Horth) Halyday purchased his claim, and made their home on the stream bearing their name. In a few years he built a house on the west bank of and slightly above the mouth of Oil creek. It was here, January 13, 1809, that his son James was born-the first white birth known on the site of Oil City. The boy was little more than two years old when his father died, and he grew up among the swarthy young- sters of Cornplanter's tribe who dwelt across the creek, so that when the Kinnears came he was a sturdy sixteen-year-old, and by the time the Crarys were well into their decade, was a young married man. His wife, to whom he was married October 16, 1828, was Almira, daughter of Ariel and Lydia
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HISTORY OF VENANGO COUNTY.
Coe, by whom he had seven children, one of whom, Mrs. Cassandra Snyder, now lives on Washington avenue, Oil City. His mother died in 1844, and he sold parts of their tract to a Doctor Nevins, Messrs. Arnold, Drum, and others, and in February, 1860, the Michigan Rock Oil Company secured most of that part of it now called the Third ward.
On the south side the primitive wilderness held sway almost until the Bells had finished their fourteen years at smelting, although almost all embracing the site of the city was secured by patent August 6, 1840, by Benjamin Thompson, who made the first conveyance-eighteen acres-of his four hundred acres to Columbia Carl, June 4, 1849. Above Thompson's tract, beginning near Short street, were two hundred acres entered March 17, 1841, by James Hollis, who, April 20, 1850, sold eighty acres adjoining Thompson to Thomas G. Downing, and January 3, 1853, bought out Thompson only to sell on the following April 25th to Henry Bastian. Mr. Bastian built a house near the site of the Evangelical church on First street, and remained an active farmer for ten years, although when he came the Bells had been closed for about four years. On March 26, 1863, when the decade was almost finished, he sold to William L. Lay, of Cincinnati, Ohio, and the following year James Bleakley bought out Downing, Hollis, and one hundred and twenty acres of Lay, paying forty-eight one thousand dol- lar bills. This was due to the fact that Phillips & Vanusdall struck a thirty-five barrel well here in April, 1861, and that Mr. Lay had laid out his farm in lots as Laytonia, so that when Colonel Bleakley, Arnold Plnmer, J. K. Kerr, and O. L. Elliott, partners, sold, in 1865, to Vandergrift, For- man & Company, they at once laid out lots under the name of Imperial City. A line near Short street would separate the two.
EARLY BUSINESS, PHYSICIANS, AND LAWYERS.
Two classes of business first determined a settlement at the mouth of Oil creek, the iron furnace and the harbor advantages of the eddy for raftsmen. The first of these closed in 1849, and the latter was largely replaced by the third class of business-the oil trade-in 1860-61.
The furnace business has been mentioned. In connection with this was one of the first stores, kept by James Young, who continued after the Bells closed their furnace, and deserted the "old Bell house" which stood on the river bank between the freight house of the Western New York and Pennsylvania railway, and the approach to the bridge. The Bannons and Halydays, who had small homes on the west side, the former near the site of the Moran house at the lower end and the latter near the mouth of the creek, were the only residents there when the Bells closed, and the large crowds of raftsmen who had occasion to stop at the eddy, made it the part of hospitality and business for both of them to turn their houses and barns into inns during the seasons of high water and hilarity which accompanied it.
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These started the business on the west side, for in a year or so Thomas Moran built an inn near the Bannon house, and with its later additions it can still be seen as a historic landmark. One day a stranger stopped with the Bannons (about 1850) and gave his name as Doctor John Nevins, and stated that he came to regain his own health by a life in the wilds. He was called upon to treat Mrs. Halyday the next day, and his success made them persuade him to stay as the first resident physician. Samuel Hopewell soon opened an inn, and in the fall of 1852 John P. Hopewell, of Pittsburgh, brought up a boat load of stock and opened a store and inn on the site of Culbertson's, corner of Main and Ferry streets, and near him was a man named Barrett Alger. About the same time Hiram Gordon opened "a house of entertainment," dubbed, according the English custom, the Red Lion, which Solomon Thomas managed at a later date. The most of these places became permanent and the descendants of their owners are now among the city's first citizens. . During this decade a few others came in: Hugh McClintoch, and "Squire" J. S. Hooton, while David D. Dickey opened a tavern on the site of the Petroleum house. Samuel Thomas, a blacksmith and toolmaker, was the first of his guild to locate independently of the furnace.
This was what the stampede of oil men found in 1860, and the rapid uprising of houses, stores, wharves, boarding houses, etc., would be impos- sible to trace. They were of the most temporary kind and chiefly on the west side, while large numbers, not only then but long afterward, lived on flat-bottomed barges, moored to the river bank, and not a few children-now men and women-were reared thus afloat. The most of these barges had been filled with supplies at places above and floated down for sale at the awakened town.
J. B. Reynolds of Callensburg, Pennsylvania, and Mr. McComb of Pitts- burgh opened the first store of the new regime in the spring of 1860. His brothers Calvin and William J. were afterward associated with Mr. Rey- nolds, and soon after T. H. and W. M. Williams. The latter gentleman withdrew and built the first brick block in the place, on the east side about the site of the Derrick office. McFarland Brothers built a store opposite about the same time but they moved to the west side when Fid Bishop had charge. Hasson & Company opened a hardware on the east side.
Among other active residents were C. C. Waldo, Doctor M. L. Bogg, D. F. Clark, Mr. Kelsey, and Mr. Andrews, of. the Michigan Rock Oil company, who sold and rapidly built up the west side; Peter Graff, the Hassons, Robert Sproul, and S. M. Kier, the owners of the east side; and W. L. Lay, Charles Lee, Mr. Downing and numerous others who owned the south side, which did not build up until later.
Among the first physicians were Doctors L. Porterfield; S. S. Christy, and M. M. Hulings, of whom Doctor Christy was the first druggist. Messrs.
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HISTORY OF VENANGO COUNTY.
Hill and Drewatt were among the first carpenters and tank builders. L. D. Kellogg was the first printer, and in 1886 made the first city directory. The first resident lawyer was Charles F. Hasson, son of James Hasson; he was admitted to the bar of Venango county August 31, 1861, and probably located at Oil City immediately thereafter. His early successors, with dates of admission to the bar of this county, were E. Ferero, April 25, 1864; William J. Galbraith, November, 1864; Isaac Ash, November 28, 1864; H. C. Graham, December 1, 1864; J. B. McAllister, April 25, 1865; T. S. Zuver, August, 1865; and M. D. Christie, March, 1869, some of whom are still engaged in professional work.
PLATS AND ORGANIZATION.
The preliminary excitement of 1859-60 led the Michigan Rock Oil Com- pany to lay out lots for the new comers along a street which they called Main. The growth from that on was so phenomenal that in the spring of 1863 Charles Haines and Joseph H. Marston purchased of Graff, Hasson & Company, what is now known as Grove avenue, laid it out in lots, erected cottages with little idea of the permanency of the place, and gave it the name Cottage Hill, which still clings to it. About the same time Mr. Lay's . ferry across the Allegheny made it advisible for him to lay out eighty acres in lots about the south approach to his ferry, now the foot of Central Avenue, and this took the name Laytonia.
During the year occasional lots were bought on the east flats, and busi- ness room was in so great demand that in the spring of 1864 the United Petroleum Farms Association bought three hundred acres of Graff, Hasson & Company, including the flats and parts of Cottage Hill and laid it out in lots, and before the year closed the population on both sides of the river was six thousand. During 1865 the upper ferry landing at the site of the Alle- gheny Valley depot, led Vandergrift, Forman & Company to lay out a town about this site and bearing the name Imperial City, the two settlements composing it having already taken the names Albion and Downingtown. A settlement below (Laytonia) Reed street on Charles Lee's land had been dubbed Leetown, so that such a clash and rivalry of private interests arose that the people petitioned the court in 1866 to unite them and give them a name. This was done by Judge Trunkey and he chose Venango City. These private enterprises account for the irregularities in some of the south side streets. This part of the city became largely a residence place, and has since been a favorite location for those seeking pleasant homes.
The present platting of the city was begun in 1869 by W. R. Stevenson and lasted two or three years, the chief addition being the upper and lower ends of the south side, Palace Hill, and parts of upper Cottage Hill. In 1872 Messrs. Clark and Porteous laid off Clark's Summit and an incline railway was built, the bed of which is still visible. This was about four
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OIL CITY.
hundred and sixty feet high by one thousand six hundred feet long with a double track upon which ran two passenger and two team cars, operated by cables and steam. The cost was about thirty-five thousand dollars. The plan was intended to have made the summit a place of residence, but defect- ive land title and the panic of 1873 caused the scheme to be gradually aban- doned, so that the plane machinery was removed about 1879.
The first borough organization was begun in a meeting January 10, 1862, at the Halyday Run school house. R. Criswell was made chairman and P. C. Heydrick secretary. C. C. Waldo stated the object of the meeting, and resolutions were adopted, among which was one choosing as a committee on corporation C. C. Waldo, T. H. Williams, T. M. Parker, William Hasson, P. C. Heydrick, and C. Hasson. They succeeded in securing a charter in the spring of 1862.
The Borough Officers began with those elected in 1862: Burgess, Will- iam Hasson; council: T. H. Williams, Charles Robson, Fid Bishop, Charles Haines, T. B. Hoover; constable, E. C. Hueston; clerk, W. R. Johns; street commissioner, Hugh McClintock.
1863 .- Burgess, Charles Robson; council: Jacob Shirk, G. W. Steffee, J. B. Gibson, and M. J. Morrison.
1864. - Burgess, M. L. Bagg; council: P Smith, D. W. McLane, J. J. Vandergrift, and Jacob Shirk.
1865 .- Burgess, S. S. Christy; council: D. W. McLane, Jacob Shirk, G. W. Cochran, and Doctor R. Colbert.
1866 .- Burgess, J. G. Arbuthnot; council: I. Blakely, Doctor J. D. Baldwin, S. F. Daugherty, L. Gordon, and L. D. Kellogg.
The records from this date have been lost, but from other sources it has been learned that George V. Forman was burgess in 1867; Frederick Giegel, in 1868; W. F. Groves, in 1869, and W. W. White, in 1870.
Meanwhile in 1866 the growth of the south side settlements had reached a total population of about one thousand five hundred, and their union into the borough of Venango City has been mentioned. The first burgess was James Shoemaker whose first two terms were succeeded by those of Joseph Beggs, W. L. Lay, and Joshua Gilger in 1870. By this time the desire was general for a union of the north and south sides or boroughs.
The City Incorporation was accomplished by a union of the two boroughs by an act of the legislature, approved March 3, 1871, and an election was held on the second Tuesday in April; the incorporation was completed April 11th. Those especially active in this were C. S. Colbert, W. F. Groves, B. D. McCreary, and William Thompson for Oil City and D. W. McLane for Venango City. Like many other Pennsylvania cities Oil City replaced her old charter in January, 1881, by organization under the Wal- lace act.
The City Officers have been as given in this list:
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HISTORY OF VENANGO COUNTY.
1871 .- Mayor, William M. Williams; council: John Mawhinney, John H. Evans, William H. Duncan, Charles H. Shepard, William Dwyer, T. B. Porteous, George W. Parker, T. H. Williams, Samuel M. Irwin, Joseph Bates, R. D. McCreary, Joseph M. McElroy.
1872 .- Mayor, I. M. Sowers; council: John Mawhinney, John H. Evans, John Finley, J. D. Stilwell, Jacob Shirk, George W. Parker, Joseph Bates, T. B. Porteous, T. H. Williams, S. M. Irwin, R. D. McCreary, J. M. Mc- Elroy.
1873. - Mayor, I. M. Sowers; council: W. M. Williams, William Hasson, O. B. Goodwin, J. H. Kump, F. M. Green, Jacob Shirk, W. F. Fox, R. R. Frampton, D. L. Trax, J. E. McLain, J. M. Harding, Joseph Bates.
1874 .- Mayor, William B. Foster; council: W. M. Williams, W. J. Young, J. H. Oberly, J. H. Kump, F. M. Green, R. Chisholm, James S. Wilson, Joseph Bates, D. Yothers, J. A. H. Carson, J. E. McLain, W. F. Fox.
1875 .- Mayor, William B. Foster; council: John H. Oberly, S. H. Lam- berton, W. J. Young, W. J. Innis, William Dwyer, R. Chisholm, P. I. Cribbs, C. H. Duncan, W. L. Lay, Joseph Bates, J. W. Latshaw, J. A. H. Carson.
1876 .- Mayor, Joseph M. McElroy; council: S. H. Lamberton, W. J. Innis, John H. Oberly, R. Chisholm, William Dwyer, P. I. Cribbs, David Johnson, J. W. Spencer, R. D. McCreary, C. H. Duncan, J. W. Latshaw, W. L. Lay.
1877 .- Mayor, Joseph M. McElroy; council: B. H. Carnahan, W. J. Young, Thomas R. Cowell, J. H. Oberly, John B. Reinbold, R. Chisholm, H. C. Graham, P. I. Cribbs, Joseph Elder, David Johnson, J. W. Spencer, R. D. McCreary.
1878 .- Mayor, H. D. Hancock; council: Thomas R. Cowell, John B. Reinbold, H. C. Graham, J. W. Spencer, R. D. McCreary, W. J. Young, J. W. Downer, E. M. Wolfe, John A. Lewis, R. Chisholm, B. H. Carnahan, Joseph Elder.
1879. - Mayor, H. D. Hancock; council: W. J. Young, B. H. Carnahan, J. H. Oberly, T. J. Moran, K. Kugler, E. M. Wolfe, Thomas Arnold, J. A. Lewis, George T. Nichols, Thomas Downer, W. Davis, and R. Chisholm.
1880 .- Mayor, John H. Oberly; council: Young, Carnahan, W. J. Kramer, Joseph Reid, Thomas Moran, Matthew Derrick, C. H. Lay, Jr., Lewis, Davis, J. Mccollum, Kugler, and Nichols.
1881 .- Mayor, John H. Oberly; council (common and select): Carna- han, L. Cohn, Cowell, Derrick, C. H. Duncan, William Dwyer, Hugh Duffy, Kramer, Lewis, Lay, Moran, McCollum, S. A. McAlevy, Nichols, R. H. Renwick, Young, T. A. Mclaughlin, and K. Chickering.
1882. - Mayor, A. J. Greenfield; council: Carnahan, Cohn, Cowell, Der- rick, A. B. Davitt, John Graham, Moran, McCollum, McAlevy, I. I.
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Wagner, Renwick, Young, Mclaughlin, Chickering, Dwyer, Duncan, and W. J. Innis.
1883 .- Mayor, A. J. Greenfield; council: Davitt, Dwyer, Mclaughlin, R. G. Collins, W. R. Spear, D. J. Kahan, Derrick, I. S. Gibson, McCollum, D. W. Lindersmith, D. S. Davis, D. Fisher, Chickering, Cowell, Renwick, John Fornof, Graham, Innis, S. L. Maxwell, and W. Davis.
1884. - Mayor, Daniel Fisher; council: H. L. McCance, Fornof, E. L. Reynolds, W. G. Hunt, Charles A. Cooper, John R. Monks, Graham, G. E. Johnson, G. W. Parker, Fisher, Gibson, Charles Adams, McCollum, Max- well, Davis, W. H. Aungst, Derrick, Lindersmith, Kahan, and C. L. Car- rington.
1885 .- Mayor, Daniel Fisher; council: McCance, Fornof, Reynolds, Hunt, Derrick, Lindersmith, John Crimmin, W. J. Tinthoff, Fisher, E. J. Ross, Parker, Maxwell, J. A. Lewis, James Lewis, Aungst, W. D. Rider, Cooper, Adams, Johnson, and Graham.
1886. - Mayor, Thomas R. Cowell; council: Fornof, Hunt, Fulmer, Cooper, Parker, W. J. Taylor, Tinthoff, Aungst, Lindersmith, Ross, S. S. Culbertson, Roess, Rider, Derrick, McCance, Crimmin, Adams, J. A. Lewis, C. F. Hartwell, and James Lewis.
1887. - Mayor, Thomas R. Cowell; council: Thomas Nolan, Dwyer, Lewis, W. R. Barr, J. T. Fulmer, J. H. Payne, W. W. Knowles, Taylor, John Gilmore, Stubler, Lindersmith, Culbertson, J. B. Berry, Hartwell, H. Naylor, Lewis, Rider, Aungst, Graham, Steele, L. Roess, and F. Eichner.
1888 .- Mayor, J. H. Payne; council: Nolan, Thomas, Graham, Gil- more, Steele, Stubler, Savage, Culbertson, Lindersmith, Breckenridge, A. Bair, W. L. Fair, W. H. Berry, F. H. Taylor, J. B. Berry, W. R. Barr, Davis, Dwyer, and Lewis.
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