USA > Pennsylvania > Lehigh County > History of the counties of Lehigh and Carbon, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Pt. 1 > Part 28
USA > Pennsylvania > Carbon County > History of the counties of Lehigh and Carbon, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Pt. 1 > Part 28
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Charles Andrews.
Jacob Donecker, David Davis.
Reuben A. Bayer.
David P. Bowen.
Morgan Emanuel, Jr.
Jolin Barr.
Owen W. Eastman.
Joseph Broatlseller.
James W. Fuller.
John Black.
Charles D. Fuller.
William Boyle.
Orange M. Fuller.
David W. Bowen.
Jacob Funk.
James Blair.
Adam Frennd.
William 11. Bates.
Berthold Fritchey.
John Cane.
Sammel Fries.
Jolin Case.
Adam F'nllon.
Joseph Cane.
Josepchi Forrest.
Maj. John II. Oliver. Q.M. Abraham B. Longaker.
COMPANY D.
Lucas, second lieutenant ; William 11. Schlosser, first sergeant; Henry Stanton, Harrison Butz, James Honey, George T. Young, sergeants ; John Nagle, Daniel Miller, James Lutz, John W. Lackey, Henry E. Burger, Charles Landenslager, Henry Wiand, Axion Fredericks, corporals; Andrew Gangwere, Dallas Xanders, musi- cians.
Privates.
John D. Albright. George Nunnemacker. James Nagle. Adam Beers,
Augustus C. Bechtel. Jesse F. Ochs.
Ileury D. Custer.
Edward Ochs.
Madison Cole. Charles Prestati.
Edward T. Eagleman.
Lewis P'. Queen.
Charles Lantz,
John D. Snyder.
Solomon Falzinger.
Reuben Haub.
Tilghman II. Moyer.
Franklin Smith.
Nathan Gamer.
George W. Reese.
Jolm Grotz.
William Reinhard,
Frederick Gangwere.
Charles Richher.
Jacob 1. Goelle,
John Il. Hoss.
Otto Geler.
William Roth.
Heury A. Horn.
William A. Honey.
Henry A. Heck man.
C. lewis Hutar.
Tilglnuan $. I'. Reiss.
Uriah Hartzell.
Augustus E. Sherer.
William 11. Ibach.
Benjamin F. Schwartz.
Henry Ibach.
Tilghman 11. Snyder.
Benjamin F. Ibach.
Israel Schneck.
Moses Kehna.
Jeremiah sherer.
Henry 1. Kemer.
Peter Schulz.
Peler Kromer.
Walter P. Scholl.
Benjamin Kleckner.
l'eter Sereiber.
Christian Knutz.
Jeremiah & Shuman.
Emanuel Knauss.
John L. schreiber.
Edward II. Lucas.
derso Smith.
Israel Lehr.
Clinton P. Trexler,
Daniel Lehr.
James II. U'nger.
Jesse Lehman.
Depen Uberoth.
Incob Leibensberger.
Frederick Will.
Lewis P. Lovan.
l'eler Weruer.
Milton T. Landenslager.
Henry Weinsheimer.
Gotleib Luteh.
Peter Weller,
Wellington Martin.
Henry E. Willemyer.
William P. Mohr.
to Reading, and were there mustered into service July 1, 1863. They remained there until the 5th for equip- ment, and towards evening of that day took the train for Carlisle. They proceeded ten or twelve miles beyond that place and found the track torn up. They then marched to Chambersburg, where they received orders to march to Mercersburg. Near South Mountain the corps under Gen. Warren, of which this regiment was a part, had a skirmish with the rebels, who were on the retreat from Gettysburg, but the Forty-first being in the rear, did not partici- pate. The corps was drawn up in line of battle the next morning, but the rebels had fled. The regiment then returned to a ponft near Greencastle and camped for two days, when Company I, a company from Lancaster, and another from Wilkesbarre were sta- tioned as provost guard at Gen. Warren's headquar- ters. The men were discharged on August 3d and 4th.
Following are rosters of the Lehigh County men in this regiment :
FORTY-FIRST REGIMENT (THREE MONTHS), EMERGENCY MILITIA OF 1863. Mustered in July 1, 1863; discharged Aug. 3-4, 1863.
FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS.
Jacob Case.
John Gross.
William J. Craig.
Lewis Gutenday.
John Conway.
Thomas Ilunt,
John Church.
John Hille.
George Hopkins,
Samuel MeKeagne.
John Hunter,
David Mekelridge.
William B. Hock,
John McClenaghan.
Peter Hant.
Dennis MeFadden.
Joseph Humphries.
Godfrey Osenheimer.
Thomas James,
Knoch Philips.
Samnel Kieffer.
Jonathan Price.
William Krone.
Thompson Porter.
Uriah Kurtz.
David P. Porter.
l'eter Keeling.
Henry Raup.
1 Jolin Kieffer.
William Kankin.
Allen Kurt%.
J. 11. Stoflet.
James Moran.
John Stewarl.
George Matchett.
Charles D. C. Troxell.
Tilghman Michael.
John J. Thomas.
Daniel Milson.
William R. Thomas.
William Miller.
Ronediet Vanteam
Joseph Me Multon
Evan Williams,
James Mette.y.
David Williams.
Joseph MeFetridge,
William Young.
James Me Nab.
Daniel Yoder, pro, to hospital steward July 3, 1863.
COMPANY C.
Mustered in Anly 3, 1863 ; mastered ont Ang. 7, 1863.
The following-mmed persons were mitstered inta Company C. William Biery. William II. Horn.
Franklin Bower.
John Keitel.
Tilghman Breisch,
Simon II. Kester.
John W. Campbell. All'red byn.
William Hopkins. George Il. Minnich.
William Wheeler, to Co. E (Capt, Edwin Kelley) of the same regiment.
Samuel C. Wolle, to Co, 1, 37th Regt. (Capt. John R. Porter), of which he was made Ist sergt.
F. P. Laubach, lo Co, 11, 27th Regl. (Cap. Isaac N. Gregory).
Forty-first Regiment, Militia of 1863 .- Com- panies D, I, and K of this regiment were from Lehigh County, and were recruited at Allentown. They went
Walter II. Seip, captain; Benjamin C. Koth, first lieutenant ; James A.
A
William Young.
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LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.
COMPANY I.
Charles Kech, captain ; David II. Kline, first lieutenant; Stephen Smith, secoud lieutenant; Levi Krauss, first sergeant; Abner A. Campbell, Goorge Dieffenderfer, James A. Beiber, Alfred G. Peter, sergeants; Daniel Reinsmith, Gideon H. Smith, Benjamin J. Schlosser, Joseph Hough, David Deity, Charles Leinberger, David Pfaff, Daniel II. Snyder, corporals; John Roth, musician.
Edwin Shaffer. Charles Schotl. Achilles Smith.
George Smith.
John H. Seislove.
Frederick Weikle, George Yanss. John 11. Yonug.
Privates,
Benjamin Allender.
Jacob 11. Berger. William S. Berger.
Stephen Hallman. Milton Kachline. Ephraim Keeser.
James Buchman.
Jonas Ludwig.
William P. Berkenmoyer.
John D. Long.
Jacob Oswald.
Peter Benner. Eugene Breifogle. Sylvester Beiber.
Ellis J. Peter.
Alfred Peler.
Lewis Buer.
Asher T. Queer.
Samuel Belliet.
James Reinsmith.
Francis Belliel.
Leon F. Roeder.
Alfred Baige.
Samuel Ritter.
Solomon Bachman.
Irwin Raber.
David Clauss.
Joseph Ray.
Peter Coop.
John Ratley.
Wilson Drukenmiller.
Solomon Keinsmith.
James Delong.
Eli Rinert.
Aaron Dinkenmiller.
Sebastian Silliman.
John Evans,
Paul Smith.
Josiah Fatzinger.
Joseph Snyder.
William F. F'rey.
Jacob Seiss.
Jonas F'rey.
Levi Smith,
Lewis Frack.
Daniel Snyder.
Phaon W. George.
Willoughby T. Shoemaker.
Jonas Gehry.
David Steffan.
John Grot.
Harash Troxel.
John Greber.
Aaron West.
Levi Haaf.
Philip Werley.
Elias Hartman.
Jolin Willwert.
Phaon Hausman.
Robert Young.
COMPANY K.
John II. Oliver (pro. to major July 5, 1863), Charles Blertz, captains ; Abiel Heilman, first lieutenant ; Henry Fried, second lieutenant ; Thomas Snyder, first sergeant ; William J. Reichart, John A. Young, William G. Moyer, Henry C. Huber, sergeants; Henry Trexler, Daniel Smith, Milton Bieber, Jereminh Transne, David Harduer, William Haas, Jolin Lenz, Sylvester Weller, corporal : Stephen .1. Henry, Charles C. Moore, musicians.
Privates.
Sumnel S. Apple.
Harrison hern.
Black ford Barnes. Charles Bennelt.
William 31. Landis.
Adolph Clanss. Hugh Cassily.
Josiah Lefevre.
I'dwin Beach.
George Mining.
John H. Klsenhait,
Owen Netz.
Tilglunan & Frederick.
Henry Moore.
Robert Fatvinger.
William C. Moore.
Benjamin F'ulzinger.
John Manhart.
Daniel C. Frilz.
Jolin Moyer.
Benjamin Fink.
Aaron Moyer.
Charles W. Gorr.
Josiah D. Mall.
Andrew M. Gangwere.
John Musenheimer,
John J. Gorr.
Wilson B. Moyer. Audrew Nagle.
Jumues Gallagher. Charles Harl. Moses Hoffman.
Tilghman Ofl.
George C. Hand.
William Kinhe.
Werner liuhe,
Solomon Heberly. David Howard. Henry Harduer. Philip Hill. John Hill.
Edward Reichard. Amandus Sieger. Christian Staldly.
Philip Helwert.
Edwin Jacoby. Charles Kramer.
Tilghman Steinberger. Hirum T. Shaffer. Ludwig Shultz. Joseph Stemptle,
Action of the County Authorities during the War .- Scarcely had the first soldiers from Lehigh County entered the field, when publie action was taken toward relieving such families as were peeu- niarily distressed by the absence of the men who sup- ported them. At a special meeting of the county commissioners a petition, indorsed by " many citizens of Lehigh County," was handed in, " praying for an appropriation out of the common funds to support the families of those who might be in need during the absence of their men or soldiers who proposed to de- fend the country's flag." It was resolved by the eom- missioners to appropriate five thousand dollars in installments of five hundred dollars each to be dis- tributed at such periods as might be deemed proper.
On Jan. 1, 1862, the commissioners gave evidenee of their recognition of new necessities by resolving to raise the county tax to forty cents upon the one hundred dollars and the State tax to twenty-five cents on the one hundred dollars, and to levy a spe- eial tax of fifty cents per head for militia purposes.
During the same year it became necessary or expe- dient to offer a county bounty. At a meeting of the I commissioners on July 28th, a committee of citizens, appointed at a public meeting, presented themselves, and requested an appropriation for the recruits re- quired from the county to fill the quota required by the Governor. The commissioners made an appro- priation for this purpose of ten thousand dollars, of which fifty dollars was to be paid to each and every reernit (the quota being two hundred men).
But more men were demanded than it was at first thought would be needed, and upon Sept. 5, 1862, the commissioners, upon the recommendation of a mass- : meeting of the citizens of the county, held at Allen- town, resolved to appropriate out of the funds of said county the sum of one hundred dollars as a bounty to each soldier recruited in said county and regularly mustered into the service of the United States as a volunteer (not exceeding the quota allotted to said county under the call for three hundred thousand men to be raised by a draft), and the sum of fifty dol- lars to all those persons who have enlisted in said county and been mustered into the old regiments now in the said service since the date of the last county appropriation, or who may hereafter enlist in said regiments. On September 15th it was resolved that the bounty thuuis offered should be allowed until the 25th of the month, and that none should be paid either to those enlisting in the old or new regiments after that date.
The county tax was raised two mills on the one hundred dollars, or to fifty cents, on April 13, 1863,
Henry Kemerer.
Theodore Nagle,
Lewis Roth.
Benjamin Wonderly. Charles Wolf.
Willinm II. Trunthower. Russel A. Thayer.
Christian Vallz.
Willoughby Kern.
John La Roche,
£
110
HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
and at the same time the State tax was increased to three mills, or thirty cents, on the one hundred dollars.
On June 30th, when the necessity for State defense had beeome urgent, the commissioners resolved to pay twenty dollars per month to each and every reeruit for that service for a period not to exceed three months.
It was on the afternoon of the same day that this action was taken that Capt. Walter H. Seips' com- pany of eighty-five men left Allentown. Each of them received twenty dollars, being a month's pay in advanec, the total reaching seventeen hundred dollars. Other companies which left the county for the de- fense of the border soon afterward received similar compensation.
Though there were not wanting in Lehigh County, as elsewhere, those who were enemies of the Union cause, the great majority stood firmly loyal, and either bore armis or supported generously with influenee and money the great movement which resulted in the overthrow of a gigantic rebellion.
CHAPTER XIII.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
THE principal works of internal improvement in Lehigh County have been confined to the immediate valley of the Lchigh River. First came the laborious operations for making the river navigable, undertaken and accomplished by the Lehigh Coal and Naviga- tion Company. Subsequently the system of trans- portation thus established was superseded by the canal, which proved more effective, and, like numerous others in the country, was frequently referred to as an "artery of commerce." But the time came when the flow of traffic iu this channel was regarded as of the slow venous rather than the rapid arterial charac- ter, and the demand for a swifter and stronger servant led to the construction of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, which had its origin in the enterprise of a few lead- ing citizens of this county. The completion of this road in 1855, its successful operation, and the disaster by which were destroyed the river improvements of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company in 1862, led that great corporation to abandon the idea of re- constructing their dams and docks above Mauch Chunk, to substitute therefor a railroad, and ulti- matcly to extend it down the river to Easton. Thus the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad replaecd the navigation system of the Upper Lehigh, and supple- mented the company's carrying business by canal on the Lower Lehigh.
All of these improvements had as their chief ob- ject the placing of Carbon County coal in the Phila- delphia and other important markets, and followed naturally and logically the mining operations of the
Lehigh and other companies. For this and for other reasons which are obvious we shall give a connected and detailed account of them in a voluminous chap- ter of the history of Carbon County, and here attempt only to state the facts concerning certain Lehigh County connections and other improvements entirely independent of the coal-earrying canal, and the two railroads that vie with each other for the traffic of the valley, which, at least in Lehigh County, they have in a large measure been the means of creating.
It must be borne in mind that while the discovery and mining of coal in Carbon County and the upper Lehigh and Schuylkill region led to the establish- ment of these great means of transportation, the canal and the railroads were the eauses which in turn operated to bring into existence the heavy iron indus- trics of Lehigh County, as well as to give outlets for its surplus agricultural wealth. Thus the counties were wedded and placed, as it were, in reciprocal re- lations, in which cach was vastly benefited by the other.
The Earliest Railroad Enterprise in Lehigh County was one which had for its object the attain- ment of a result similar to that aimed at by the pro- jectors of the canal, the Lehigh Valley Railroad, and the Lchigh and Susquehanna Railroad, -that is, the penetration of the coal-fields. We find that on March 17, 1838, the Hamburg, Allentown, Bethlehem and Easton Railroad Company was incorporated by act of the General Assembly. This corporation was com- posed of a number of men who sought to build a railroad from a point on the Schuylkill River, near Hamburg, passing through Kutztown, in Berks County, to Allentown, and thence through Beth- lehem to Easton. By the provisions of the act the work was to be commenced within five, and com- pleted within ten, years. The country was, however, not ready for such a railroad enterprise, and the pro- jeet was abandoned, never to be re-entertained, the building of other lines obviating the necessity of this one in later years.
The Perkiomen Railroad .- The next railroad project in which the people of lehigh County be- came interested was that which led finally to the construction of the Perkiomen Railroad. As early as 1849 or 1850 this project was talked of, and on April 23, 1852, a charter was procured for the Norristown and Freemansburg Railroad Company, with power to build a road between the points named. A supple- ment to the charter, procured April 18, 1853, granted the right to make Allentown the terminns. The name was changed, April 6, 1854, to the Norristown and Allentown Railroad Company, and on Nov. 23, 1865, to the Perkiomen Railroad Company. Up to this time no work of importance had been done upon the line; but soon after the final change in title operations were commenced at the junction of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad below Phoenix- ville. Track was laid to Collegeville, and for a year
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INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. .
or two that place was the terminus of the road. Then it was extended to Pennsburg. In 1874 work was commenced at the north end of the line, at Emaus. In the winter of 1875 the tunnel at Vera Cruz was finished, and in the spring of 1876 trains began run- ning regularly to Allentown. This line is now under control of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company.
The Catasauqua and Fogelsville Railroad .- The first company obtaining a charter to make operations on this line contemplated only the construction of a plank road, and was incorporated April 5, 1853, as the "Catasauqua and Fogelsville Plank Road Com- pany." An amendment of the charter, made April 5, 1853, allowed the Crane Iron Company to become subscribers to the stock, and by a supplement to the charter passed April 20, 1854, the company was au- thorized to build a railroad instead of a plank road (if they thought it best) to connect with the Lehigh Valley Railroad. The name of the corporation was changed to keep it in conformance with the purpose of its existence. In February, 1856, the company was authorized to extend the railroad to Long Swamp town- ship, in Berks County, to connect with the iron mines there, and by a supplement to the charter, made in April, 1861, authority was given to construct a branch to the iron-ore beds in Lehigh and Berks Counties, not to exceed six miles in length. The road was built in 1856-57, a distance of nine miles, at a cost of about two hundred and sixty thousand dollars, which was furnished by the Crane Iron-Works and the Thomas Iron-Works. In 1859-60 the road was extended two and a half miles to Trexlertown, and in a few years afterward was extended to Alburtis, where a junction was made with the East Penn Railroad. Still later it was built to the Lehigh Mountain and beyond the ore-beds to Rittenhouse Gap, about a mile and a half from Berks County. Quite a remarkable iron bridge on this line, said to have been the largest of the kind in the United States at the time it was constructed, spans Jordan Creek in South Whitehall township. From a description of it contributed to the Journal of the Franklin Institute, by Elwood Morris, civil engineer, we extract the following: " The extreme length of the bridge is eleven hundred and sixty-five feet, and the iron superstruction consists of eleven spans of one hundred feet cach. These spans are of a sus- pension truss, each truss being sixteen feet high, and the two trusses necessary to carry a single-track rail- road being spaced ten feet clear apart. The trusses are supported upon a group of east-iron pillars of cruciform section, connected and braced together in stages, and firmly stayed laterally by heavy wronght iron bracing-rods bolted to the masonry. These skele- ton piers of cast and wrought iron stand upon low piers of solid masonry raised above the line of flood, and pointed at both ends. The single-track railway erosses the deck of the iron bridge in a straight con- tinuous line. Early in July this bridge . . was
tested to the entire satisfaction of the company with a loaded train drawn by a locomotive, the whole train weighing upon each span of one hundred feet, one hundred and thirteen tons, or more than one ton to the foot lineal, which was the test-load contracted for. The first stone, was laid Aug. 27, 1856, and the first locomotive crossed July 14, 1857, the whole hav- ing been completed in less than a year, at a cost of about seventy-seven thousand dollars for the entire structure."
The present offieers of the Catasauqua and Fogels- ville Railroad are George T. Barnes, president ; John Williams, secretary and treasurer ; Charles W. Chap- man, general superintendent.
Slatington Branch of the Lehigh Valley Rail- road .- A short branch railroad was built from the Lehigh Valley Railroad, at Slatington, to Slatedale in 1860, work upon it being completed in December of that year. The contractors were John and Wil- liam Craig, of Lehigh Gap. This road was constructed for the accommodation of the slate trade, and has but little miscellaneous traffic.
East Penn Railroad .- By legislative act of March 9, 1856, the Reading and Lehigh Railroad was incor- porated, and invested with power to construct a rail- road from a point at or near the junction of the Lebanon Valley and Philadelphia and Reading Rail- roads, in the city of Reading, to any point on the Lehigh Valley Railroad, either in the county of Lehigh or Northampton. The name of this company was changed to the East Penn Railroad Company on April 21, 1857, by an amendment of the charter. Ou April 15, 1863, power was given the company to ex- tend the road to the Delaware River, and to construet a bridge over that stream. The road was built to Allentown, where it connects with the Lehigh Valley Railroad. It is now under the control of the Phila- delphia and Reading Railroad Company.
The Ironton Railroad .- A stock company was formed in 1859 for the purpose of building a railroad from a point on the Lehigh Valley Railroad near Coplay to Ironton, where there are valuable ore-beds. A charter was obtained March 4th, and the work of construction was commenced soon afterwards. It was finished in 1860, at a cost of abont seventy thousand dollars. The principal stockholders were Tinsley Jeter, Jay Gould & Co., of New York, and E. W. Clarke & Co., of Philadelphia. About 1870 the greater portion of the stock owned by these individuals was sold to Robert Lenox Kennedy, president of the Commercial National Bank of New York, by whom it was retained until the sale of the road, in 1882, to the Thomas Iron Company of Hokendanqua, by which corporation it is still owned. From the organization of the company until the sale of the road Eli J. Saeger was its president. This road, with its branch from Ironton to Saegersville and into the ore region beyond, opened one of the richest hematite ore beds in the county, and has proved a valuable enterprise.
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HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.
The Berks County Railroad .- On March 29, 1871, a company was incorporated by act of Assembly to construct a railroad " from a point on the Wilmington and Reading Railroad, at or near Birdsboro', in Berks County, by the most available route to and through the eity of Reading, and thence connecting with any railroad or railroads now built in the county of Lehigh." The company was also authorized to eon- struct branch roads not to exceed twelve miles in length, and to establish a telegraph line. It was one of the provisions of the charter that the road should be completed by the Ist of July, 1874. It was duly built to Slatedale, where it was connected with a branch of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. In 1876 the : company experienced financial troubles, and the road was finally leased to the Philadelphia and Reading Company for ninety-nine years. Afterwards the first mortgage bonds of the Berks County Railroad Com- pany were exchanged for Philadelphia and Reading bonds, and the road came under the entire control of the company named. This railroad passed through the valley of Maiden Creek, in Berks County, and those of Jordan and Trout Creeks, in Lehigh County, and furnishes an outlet for slate-quarries in the last- named valley.
CHAPTER XIV.
THE LEHIGH COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
LEHIGH COUNTY has attained an enviable reputa- tion throughout the State as a rich agricultural dis- triet, wisely and well developed by an enterprising class of farmers. One of the largest factors in the recent advancement of the agricultural interest has been the county society's annual fairs. These ex- hibitions have been the means of stimulating the farmer to put forth his best efforts, and their excel- lence drawing great throngs of people from adjoining counties, as well as from all parts of Lehigh, they have served a valuable educational purpose, and afforded countless suggestions in regard to improved implements and methods of work. Could the results of these fairs be definitely ascertained, it would un- doubtedly be found that they have caused a great increase in the agricultural wealth of the county, and, indeed, of a still wider field.
The society is now over thirty years old. In 1850 and 1851 a number of the leading farmers and some other citizens became interested in the project of forming an agricultural society and holding annual exhibitions. They procured copies of the constitution and by-laws of several county societies in Massachu- setts and other States, and held several meetings at the Eagle Hotel at Allentown, at Ruchville, Breinigs- ville, and Millerstown. The first meeting, however, at which any definite action was taken was one held
at the house of William Leisenring, in Egypt, White- hall township, on Jan. 24, 1852, of which Daniel Beisel was president, and Dr. D. A. Moser secretary. At this meeting it was resolved to organize an agricul- tural society for Lehigh County, and a committee was appointed to prepare a constitution, and report at an adjourned meeting at the room of the commissioners in the court-house at Allentown, Feb. 3, 1852. This committee was composed of Jesse M. Line, of Allen- town; John Yost, of Salisbury ; Charles Witman, of Sancon ; Charles Foster, of Upper Milford; James Weiler, of Lower Maeungie; William Mink, of Upper Macungie; Jaeob Grim, of Weissenberg; Joseph Moser, of Lynn ; David Knerr, of Lowhill; Andrew Peters, of Heidelberg; John Fenstermacher, of Wash- ington ; Edward Kohler, of North Whitehall; Peter Mickley, of South Whitehall; Charles Ritter, of Hanover; and George Beisel, of Northampton.
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