USA > Pennsylvania > Allegheny County > Braddock > The unwritten history of Braddock's Field (Pennsylvania) > Part 8
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In 1886 Col. Thomas Fitch and William Edenborn purchased 12 acres of land from the Sheekey Tannery and built the first Rankin Wire Mill, (2) known as the "Braddock Wire Company." The development of the plant has been as follows :-
1886-Rod Mill.
1888-Galvanizing Department.
(1) Data on the glass works secured from W. R. McCloy of Union Street, La- fayette, Indiana.
(2) Data on the Rankin Wire Mills secured from Mr. E. H. Broden, Manager.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
1890-Nail Mill.
1891-Fence and barbed wire departments.
1891-Cooper shop.
1892-Warehouse.
1895-Rod mill rebuilt.
1898-Galvanizing department rebuilt.
1905-Nail mill rebuilt.
1907-Boiler house rebuilt and enlarged.
1907-Warehouse rebuilt.
1912-Galvanizing department rebuilt.
1913-Nail Mill rebuilt.
The following list shows the resident managers of the plant, and the dates on which they took office :- Col. Thos. Fitch 1886
August Mann 1902
Mr. Porter 1889
Chas. W. Lutz 1906
J. W. Govier 1889
F. H. Nullmeyer 1907
Peter McIlvrie 1890
F. D. Haynes 1909
Geo. Nash
1898
J. G. Mustin 1910
Walter C. Stone 1901
H. S. White
1913
E. H. Broden 1916
The plant today produces rods, wire, wire nails, staples, galvanized wire, annealed wire, woven fence, barbed wire, and nail kegs, and employs about 1,250 men. In addition to Mr. G. W. Jewett, who is Manager of Wire Mills in the Pittsburgh District of the American Steel & Wire Com- pany, the following men are now on the operating staff of the Rankin Works of the American Steel & Wire Company :- (1)
E. H. Broden, E. D. Thompson, J. T. Saunders, William Murphy, J. W. Kilburn, H. B. Trott, Thos. Chambers, John Tompos, M. E. Reyneke, John McAfee, Fred Hultgren, G. W. Jewett, Jr., P. Crane, R. E. Hurrell, C. S. Young, A. Faloona, P. Olson, W. M. Riedl, J. C. Jamison, A. J. Ry- lander, A. J. Day, Chas. Eddstrom, John Nelson, J. P. Caulfield, C. Hult- gren, and P. McDonough.
The plant from 1896 to 1898 was run under the name of the "Con- solidated Wire Company," and was one of the holdings which John W. Gates, a heavy stockholder in the Consolidated, was later able to sell to the Steel Corporation.
(1) A subsidiary of the U. S. Steel Corporation.
J. A. FARRELL.
President, United States Steel Corporation, Formerly a Braddock Steel Man.
D. G. KERR Vice President U. S. Steel Corporation. ( Formerly Supt. Blast Fur., E. T. Works.)
*89
THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
A Braddock lumber firm which has withstood the test of years is the Braddock Lumber Company,(1) originally the Braddock Planing Mill Co., established in 1887 by Henry Miller and W. A. Davis at the B. & O. Railroad and Eighth Street. The plant later changed hands and became known as the Braddock Lumber Company, the present management tak- ing charge in 1908. In 1916 all interests of the firm passed into the hands of the present manager, William McCollum, and his brother, Mark McCollum, who are now full owners of the establishment. The plant is one of the largest and best equipped planing mills in Western Pennsyl- vania, and has the largest retail lumber yard and most varied assortment of stock in this district, employing at full capacity about 35 men. Offi- cers: William McCollum, President; Lillian McCollum, Vice President ; Mark McCollum, Secretary and Treasurer.
The Braddock Wire Plant(2) was constructed by Col. Thos. W. Fitch in 1891 on 51/2 acres purchased from Redman & Haney. While the original plant produced but 90 tons of rods in 24 hours, the works today put out 400 tons of rods in 24 hours and 340 tons of wire, and the plant has shown steady progress.
Col. Fitch was manager of the plant from 1891 until 1899, when it was taken over by the American Steel & Wire Company and Geo. W. Nash appointed superintendent May 1, 1899. The successive superin- tendents of the plant have been : -
William Farrell
Jan., 1900 to July, 1901
August Mann
July, 1901 to 1903
J. G. Mustin
1903 to 1906
F. H. Nullmeyer
1906 to 1907
H. S. White
1907 to 1912
E. H. Broden 1913 to 1916
F. B. Hill 1916 to date
The plant at present consists of one Garrett Rod Mill, one 216 block wire mill, 16 annealing furnaces, one cold drawing department, one power house, machine shop, carpenter, and other repair shops. Mr. A. Eyman is Assistant Superintendent of the Braddock plant.
Another Braddock firm that commenced operations about the same time is the Rankin plant of the Consolidated Expanded Metal Company, now operated by H. B. Chess, Jr., P. F. Chess, and others. The company
(1) Data on the Braddock Lumber Company obtained from Mr. William Mc- Collum.
(2) Data on Braddock Works of the American Steel & Wire Company, U. S. Steel Corporation, secured from Mr. F. B. Hill, Manager.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
has offices in New York, Chicago, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, and pro- duces metal lath and concrete reinforcement at the rate of about 14,000 yards of lath and 100,000 feet of reinforcement daily at Rankin.
The original plant was erected about 1890 by Harvey B. Chess and Walter Chess, who removed a steel plant they had on the South Side to Rankin. Originally a puddling furnace was installed and a few plates rolled, but this business was soon abandoned. The original plant was erected on part of the A. Hayes estate, and has steadily grown since its inception, until now it employs from 100 to 150 men in the Rankin plant alone.(1)
The original Price & Alman Lumber Company began business a little before the above firm began operations, Joseph Price starting a lumber business on Corey Avenue, Braddock, about 1887. In 1897 Samuel R. Alman entered the firm and the business was moved to its present loca- tion. The firm now employs about thirty men, runs a first class planing mill, and does an extensive general lumber business. (2)
Another Braddock lumber firm that has reached a ripe age is McBride Brothers, which started in 1892 on an acre of ground purchased from Chess Bros., and has continued to the present day putting out high grade planing mill products. From 1892 to 1913 the firm consisted of M. J. McBride and E. F. McBride, and from 1913 to date has consisted of H. E. McBride, W. J. McBride, and C. J. McBride. The equipment of the plant at this writing consists of individual motor drive for the usual planing mill machinery, such as moulder, rip saw, cut-off saw, shaper, drum sander, scroll saw, surfacer, joiner, etc.(3)
A brick company that is one of the landmarks of Braddock, its plant lying high up on the bluff overlooking the Edgar Thomson Works, is the Keller & Milliken firm. They began operations in April, 1894, at the foot of Eighth Street, Braddock, moving in 1899 to the present location in North Braddock. The firm at present consists of John J. Keller and Homer A. Milliken, carries about 25 men, and produces from three to four million high grade brick per year. (4)
Another firm which does business on quite a large scale is the Crown Wall Plaster Company,(5) built in 1897 on ground purchased from
(1) Data obtained froom P. F. Chess, Pittsburgh office, and from E. T. Red- ding, Manager of the Braddock plant.
(2) Data obtained from Joseph Price.
(3) Data secured from office of the company.
(4) Data obtained from Mr. John J. Keller.
(5) Data from Mr. Wesley B. Holmes, President of the firm.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
E. R. Dowler. W. M. Holmes, original president of the company, died January 18, 1916, when Wesley B. Holmes was elected to that office. The present plant has a capacity of 100 tons of hard wall plaster per day, and runs a factory 25 x 200 feet. They do business on both a retail and car- load basis.
A Braddock enterprise that is now almost twenty years old is the Braddock Manufacturing Company, originally known as the Braddock Machine and Manufacturing Company. The plant was constructed in 1898 and 1899. The first stockholders' meeting was held November 2, 1899, in the office of Attorney Joseph F. Mayhugh, at which the following members were present :-
Henry Stanyon,
Jno. B. Miller,
Henry Gauermann.
James Sloss, R. V. Miller, Jos. F. Mayhugh.
The meeting voted the incorporation of the Braddock Machine & Manufacturing Company with a capital of $3,000. John D. Miller was elected the first President and Henry Stanyon, Secretary and Treasurer, at the same meeting.
On December 21, 1899, the capital stock was increased to $200,000 and we are informed that John Hutzen, James A. Russell, S. D. Hamil- ton, W. A. Kulp, Dr. G. E. Bair, Dr. Meals, William Howatt, John Rinard and Benj. Braznell, were prominent stockholders of the enlarged company.
In January, 1902, W. E. Corey, A. R. Peacock, D. M. Clemson, Thomas Morrison, and Chas. E. Dinkey purchased practically all of the outstanding stock of this company, and again there was a reorganization. While the concern had previously been merely an iron foundry, the new directors took steps at once to enlarge its capacity, and changed it to a steel foundry with a 20-ton Open Hearth Furnace, and many additional improvements throughout the machine shop.
Succeeding presidents of the firm were :-
John D. Miller,
A. R. Peacock,
R. G. Morrison,
On August 22, 1916, the old management was in turn bought out by a new company of which W. E. Troutman is President, R. W. Tener, Secretary and Treasurer, and F. B. McConnell, Manager. The new man- agement has added a 20-ton O. H. Furnace to the equipment, making two 20-ton furnaces in all, and has installed many other improvements throughout the plant. The plant consists of a machine shop, foundry,
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
and office building, and employs from 250 to 300 men. The firm is now capitalized at $300,000, and is capable of doing a business of a million and a half dollars annually. It is is known as the Braddock Manufacturing Company, producing high grade machinery and steel castings.(1)
One of the minor industries of the preceding era of development was the Baker Chain Wagon Manufacturing Company, whose original plant was built at Rankin in 1899 on a 2-acre plot of ground, the first chief resident manager being David T. Robling, who held office until 1910. Another early plant, the Standard Chain Company, whose land adjoined the Baker Chain Company's, has since been bought out by the American Chain Company, Incorporated, the present manager being Mr. Noah L. McArthur. While the original plant produced only about 400 tons of wrought iron and steel chain per month, the American Chain Co., Inc., now puts out about 850 tons of chain, ship cables, shackles, and automo- bile forgings monthly. The plant is fully equipped with chain welding hammers, drop hammers, forging hammers, bull dozers, steam hammers, and testing machines of the most modern pattern. (2)
One of the largest plants of the district is the Rankin plant of the McClintic Marshall Construction Company,(3) employing in the neighbor- hood of a thousand men. No. 1 Shop was built in 1901, followed by Shop No. 2 in 1906. The Rankin plant occupies 20 acres of ground directly across the Monongahela river from the Homestead Steel Works.
The two shops are duplicates of each other. The stock yard is about 150 feet wide and 1,000 feet long, traversed by four electric travel- ing cranes of 10 and 20 tons capacity. A large stock of material is kept constantly on hand to facilitate deliveries, and the company, being the largest independent manufacturer and erector of bridges and buildings in the United States, is known all over the country.
Each main shop building is 280 feet wide by 600 feet long, equipped with 20 electric traveling cranes, ranging from 5 to 30 tons capacity, which handle the work from the time it enters the shop until it leaves by the rail- road. The punching, milling, reaming, and shearing machinery, all elec- trically driven, is the best obtainable, and the equipment throughout is thoroughly modern in every respect. In the main shop girders up to 90 tons in weight can be loaded on cars.
(1) Data secured from J. E. Mitchell, secretary to Mr. Thomas Morrison, and from the office of the present firm.
(2) Data from Mr. Noah L. Arthur, Local Manager of the American Chain Co., Inc.
(3) Data obtained from G. L. Taylor, Assistant Chief Engineer, Oliver Building, Pittsburgh.
93
ยท THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
The Company's general offices are on the first floor of a three-story office building, while on the second and third stories are 110 draughtsmen. . The Rankin officials of the plant are as follows :- E. W. Pittman, Mana- ger; R. A. Pendergrass, Engineer ; K. M. McHose, Assistant Manager; H. B. Charles, Purchasing Agent; E. J. Patterson, Assistant Treasurer; C. 0. Miller, Auditor; E. A. Gibbs, Manager of Erection.
The Sterling Steel Foundry(1) is one of the newest of Braddock's enterprises, being constructed in 1901 by the Sterling Steel Foundry(2) on 21/2 acres purchased from Samuel Dempster. While the original plant produced but 1,000 tons per month, it now puts out 1,500 tons monthly of high grade steel castings. The plant employs about 300 men, and has a present size of 400 x 250 feet. Mr. Geo. W. Smith is President, other executives being :-
Wm. Nease, Vice President,
H. G. Smith, Treasurer,
M. A. Quinn, Secretary.
G. J. Chandler, Sales Manager,
D. B. Webb, Superintendent,
R. T. Mullett, Assistant Manager.
The equipment of the present plant is as follows :-
Two 20-ton Open Hearth furnaces.
One 30-ton crane.
One 20-ton crane.
Three 10-ton cranes.
Three 5-ton cranes.
In a fuller history of the town, attention would have to be given to the work of the many contractors who have built the town, and such a review would give in detail the accomplishments of such men as George Hogg, F. F. Schellenberg, W. S. Husband, T. A. Gillespie, and of the Hodder Construction Company and the Melcher Bros. While space is en- tirely lacking to recite the histories of these firms, their accomplishments are always before our eyes; their work is itself a silent but impressive monument.
One of the latest industries of this thriving little city is The Pitts- burgh Machine Tool Company, which erected its present plant in 1910
(1) Information obtained from M. A. Quinn, Secretary, and Geo. W. Smith, President.
(2) Uriah Tinker and Harry E. Wainwright.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
on a plot of ground 100 x 200 feet purchased from the Dawes Manufac- turing .Company. The Company was capitalized at $250,000, having originally been located on the Pittsburgh North Side, and moved to the . present location in May, 1911.
The plant contains a thoroughly modern and up to date equipment of machine tools, such as lathes, planers, shapers, milling machines, gear cutters, etc., and turns out engine lathes, 26 inch, to 48 inch swing, and Curtis Rotary Pumps to the value of about $300,000 annually. The com- pany employs about 100 men. F. J. Curtis is President and Manager of the present organization, Frank Moore, Vice President, and E. L. Taggart, Secretary-Treasurer.
All in all, the industries of Braddock are such as would be the boast of many a prouder and more populous city. For every man, woman, and child within her gates she produces daily more than a thousand pounds of commercial metal. Her products encircle the globe, and lie in every land under every flag. On ships, on boats, on automobiles, aero- planes, or trains-however you go and wherever you go, there will you find the workmanship of this busy little city.
Far indeed is the Braddock of today from the Braddock of 1850. Silent is the kingfisher and the bobolink, and gone are the green fields, the shady groves, and running brooks. For the spirit of Braddock is a virile spirit. Impatient and afire with energy, she shook off the soft Arcadian mantle that nature had thrown about her and descended into the dust and blood of the commercial arena, only to arise, nobler than before, with the standard of steel supremacy in her grimy hand.
Not without pain and privation, travail and unceasing effort has she scattered her trademark all over the earth. She knows no rest; her mills and furnaces never sleep, the city's natural life is a spasm of human effort, and the thunder of her forges marks her heart beats. All day the clang of steel assails the ear, and at night a hundred lurid flames set up the pillar of fire that is the core of Pittsburgh's steel district, itself the steel center of the world.
Not steel or iron has made industrial Braddock, but brains and energy. With these qualities she has endowed her sons,-these and sub- lime courage. For, like a Spartan mother, she is a stern teacher. Those that chain the fiery monster, liquid steel, work in the Valley of the Shadow, and learn to look unflinching into the mouth of hell. But such a school makes men-Jones, Schwab, Gayley, Morrison, Kennedy, Kerr, the Dinkey boys, Unger, Farrell, Knox,-of such caliber are her graduates.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
To the stranger within her gates, her diadem appears at night in the crescent of a thousand blazing arcs that light her famous industries. But those near the heart of Mother Braddock know that she forgets her glory that is of electricity, steel or gold, and pointing to her sons, says, like Cornelia,(1) "These are my jewels."
(1) Daughter of Scipio Africanus the elder, and mother of the Gracchi.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
EDGAR THOMSON STEEL WORKS.
In the decade following the Civil War came the greatest period of business development this country has ever had, and a variety of causes combined to focalize this prosperity on Western Pennsylvania, the coal and iron center of the country.
During that disastrous conflict the price of iron had leaped from $18 to $73.60 a ton, and within six years of the surrender at Appomatox, the railroad mileage of the country had doubled in a gigantic business re- action. At the same period came the development of the Connellsville coke region under H. C. Frick, the first stirring of the natural gas industry in this section, and the introduction in America of the cheap and efficient Bessemer process for making steel.(1) Iron rails in this period sold for as high as $100 a ton, and a ton of steel rails brought $175 in gold. (2)
These favoring conditions gave a great impetus to the iron and steel business of the Pittsburgh district, and it is not surprising to find that brilliant and successful Pittsburgh ironmaster, William Coleman, (3) greatly interested in the new Bessemer process. As early as 1867, in fact, we find him endeavoring to interest his associates in the manufacture of steel rails.
When Andrew Carnegie himself, in the summer of 1872, saw how easily and cheaply the new Bessemer rails were made in Europe, he rushed back to Pittsburgh filled with enthusiasm for a Bessemer rail plant of his own. An option was immediately secured on 107 acres of land at Brad- dock along the Monongahela river, (+) and late in 1872 work was com- menced on a wharf to handle the river freight. On January 1, 1873, the deal was completed when William Coleman purchased, for himself and as-
(1) William Kelly, born August 11, 1812, Pittsburgh, Pa., died February 11, 1888, Louisville, Ky., father of John G. Kelly, President, Braddock National Bank, made Bessemer steel at Eddyville, Ky., as early as 1847. One of his early converters is still extant with the date "1857" painted thereon. Sir Henry Bessemer made Bessemer steel in 1855. Kelly used the process at a factory at Wyandotte, Michigan, in 1863. A. L. Holley, a world famous engineer and steel plant promoter, introduced Sir Henry Bessemer's process at Troy, N. Y., in 1865, and at this period came the greatest pub- licity and expansion of the process. The Bessemer process was further developed by Mushet, Holley, Captain Jones, Reese, Gilchrist, and Thomas.
(2) Iron Age-August 16, 1883.
(3) A successful iron rail manufacturer and real estate speculator. A pioneer in the Pittsburgh iron industry. Later became the father-in-law of Thomas Carnegie.
(4) Which land was right on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, quite near the Pennsylvania Railroad, and also on the Monongahela, thus having the best transporta- tion facilities obtainable.
ANDREW CARNEGIE.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
sociates, 61.7 acres of ground from Robert McKinney(1) and 45 acres from John McKinney,(2) at a total cost of $219,003.30. On this ground was built the world-famous Edgar Thomson Steel Works.
The firm for the operation of the proposed plant was regularly or- ganized on January 13, 1873, the partners and various stock holdings be- ing as follows :
Andrew Carnegie $250,000
William Coleman
100,000
Andrew Kloman
50,000
Henry Phipps
50,000
David McCandless
50,000
Wm. P. Shinn
50,000
John Scott
50,000
David A. Stewart
50,000
Thomas Carnegie
50,000
CAPITAL STOCK $700,000
This firm was known as Carnegie, McCandless & Company, and from motives of diplomacy they named the new plant after J. Edgar Thomson, President of the Pennsylvania Railroad at the time. A. L. Holley, one of the most prominent steel mill engineers in the world, was secured to design the new plant. Some of his original prints are still in existence in the Edgar Thomson drawing room. Phineas Barnes, who had just built the Joliet plant, was commissioned to superintend the erection, and accordingly may be called the first General Superintendent of the Edgar Thomson Works.
Early in 1873 the work on the wharf had been conipleted, under Chief Carpenter Ben Tuttle, and ground for the works proper was broken April 13, 1873, most of the grading and excavating being done under the supervision of Contractor Hughes and Messrs. Collins, Shoemaker, Syd Perry, and Thomas Cosgrove. The brickwork was originally let to a Mr.
(1) The present site of Furnaces "A", "B", "C", and "D", and the old Con- verting and Rail Mills.
(2) Site of the present blast furnaces "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", and "K", and extending in a narrow strip along the west side of the Robert Mckinney purchase to the Pennsylvania Railroad.
J. EDGAR THOMSON.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
Miller from Bellevue, but at an early date this contract was cancelled and an employee, Thomas Addenbrook, (1) given full supervision.
The business boom of the country, however, suddenly collapsed in 1873,(2) and the new steel mill project seriously threatened to follow suit. In this emergency, however, they succeeded in floating a $200,000 issue of bonds, which tided them over the crisis, and construction operations, which had ceased altogether for about ten days, gradually resumed, al- though not with much impetus until 1874.
In this same year (1873) Morrell, President of the Cambria Iron Works, promoted Daniel N. Jones over the head of Captain William R. Jones, (who was really next in line for that honor) to the superintendency of that plant. "A prophet is not without honor save in his own country." Morrell had known Jones for years, and in his eyes he was still an irre- sponsible youth. Bitterly resenting this slight, Captain Jones resigned, and in August, 1873, came to Edgar Thomson as master mechanic, inci- dentally breaking up the entire Cambria organization, and bringing with him a nucleus of devoted fellow workers(3) who were experienced steel men, and made the new plant the success that it was.
Two early Braddock firms aided materially in the construction of the early plant : the McVay Walker Foundry (built 1862) made many of the smaller castings, and James McCrady did a great deal of the hauling.
On the completion of the plant, the contract of Phineas Barnes ex- pired, and Captain William R. Jones was appointed General Superin- tendent.
The first blow was made at the Converting Works August 26, 1875,
(1) This genial, charitable, Christian gentleman was one of the true pioneers of the Edgar Thomson plant. He recently resigned after 40 years of service. He has, during all his life, been a devoted supporter of religious work, and is one of the most broad minded and tolerant men in that field today. In this work he kindly gave me every aid.
(2) A great outlay of capital had been used in re-building Chicago, burned down in 1871, also a great Boston fire occurred in 1872. Again, a quarrel between the farmers and the western railroads stopped the sale of railroad bonds and hurt the banks concerned in railroad building. Jay Cooke & Co., New York bankers, failed in September, 1873, and in that year there were 5,000 failures, and in 1874, 5,800.
(3) Among others: Thos. James, D. L. Miller, Noah Hutzen, Hiram Hutzen, Capt. Lapsly, Wm. Lapsly, John Noey, John Rinard, Jno. Little, F. L. Bridges, C. C. Teeter, Robt. Morris, John Frederick.
--
-
.
THOMAS ADDENBROOK.
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THE UNWRITTEN HISTORY OF BRADDOCK'S FIELD.
and the first rail rolled, with impressive ceremonies, September 1, 1875.(1)
The plant of which Captain Jones was now to take charge is de- scribed by the old Allegheny Chronicle as follows :-
"A two-5-ton-converter plant and rail mill with nominal capacity of 225 tons daily. Cupola house 107 x 44 x 46 ft. high. Converter house 129 x 84 x 30 feet high. House for blowing engines 54 x 48 x 36 ft. high. Boiler house 178 x 40 x 18 ft. high. Producer house 90 x 46 x 26 feet high, artificial gas being used to heat the furnaces. The rail mill itself is 380 x 100 x 25 ft. high, with a wing (Blooming Mill) 100 x 35 x 17 ft. high. Office and shop building 200 x 60 x 18 ft. high, with a coal and iron building 40 x 20 x 10 ft. high. The producer house and rail mill have iron side columns with timber side framing, all others being entirely of brick."
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