USA > South Dakota > History of southeastern Dakota, its settlement and growth, geological and physical features--countries, cities, towns and villages--incidents of pioneer life--biographical sketches of the pioneers and business men, with a brief outline history of the territory in general > Part 3
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Governor Faulk's annual message to the Legislature that winter revealed a very satisfactory condition of the growth, prospects and finances of the territory. The great Sioux Indian Treaty had been made, and the Black Hills country set apart as a reservation for the various tribes of Sioux. The white population of Da- kota had increased forty-two per cent. Over one thousand farms had been located by immigrants under the homestead and pre-emp- tion laws. The harvests were bountiful, and found ready sale by reason of the constant demand to supply the new Indian agencies and military posts on the upper river. Immigration pressed into the territory as never before, selecting homes in the southern counties, on the streams, and at the close of the year the popula- tion of the territory was estimated at twelve thousand.
With the opening of 1869, the stream of immigration to the southern counties continued to pour in: navigation on the Missouri River far exceeded that of any former season; many large and substantial blocks of buildings were built in the various towns, and handsome church edifices and commodious school houses began to take the places of the rude structures of earlier days. Mer- chants and mechanics prospered, and the farmers were favored with abundant harvests, although in some localities the great prai- rie fires of autumn laid waste much valuable property.
27
HISTORY OF DAKOT A.
During 1869 and 1870 several unsuccessful attempts were made to secure the building of a railroad along the Missouri Valley, through the counties of Clay, Union and Yankton, a line of road having been surveyed and a mile or two graded to Elk Point; but no aid being given by congress, the project was temporarily aban- doned. The first telegraph line in the Territory was built in the fall of 1870, leading from Sioux City, Iowa, to Yankton. Seven newspapers were published in the Territory, each Republican in polities.
The fifth congressional election took place in October, 1870, W. A. Burleigh, S. L. Spink and M. K. Armstrong being the candi- dates. Three thousand, three hundred and two votes were polled, of which Armstrong received one thousand, one hundred and nine- ty-eight, Burleigh one thousand, one hundred and two, and Spink one thousand and two. Armstrong was declared duly elected. At the assembling of the legislature in December, the message of Governor Burbank pronounced the Territory on the high road to prosperity. The national census of 1870 showed the population of Dakota to be fourteen thousand, one hundred and eighty.
The succeeding two years were marked by continued prosperity and renewed activity in the matter of railroad building. Over two hundred miles of railroad were built in Dakota in 1872. In October of the same year occurred the sixth congressional election. G. C. Moody, W. W. Brookings and M. K. Armstrong were the candidates. The total vote of the Territory was forty-five hun- dred and ninety-nine. indicating a population of about twenty- three thousand people. Armstrong received two thousand and three, Moody fifteen hundred and ninety four, and Brookings one thousand and two. Mr. Armstrong was declared elected.
The year 1873 opened with most encouraging prospects. The railroad to the capital had been completed, and with spring nava- gation the government freights for the upper military posts and Indian agencies were shipped by rail to Yankton, and there trans- ferred to steamboats to be transported up the river. The season propitious to the husbandman and the yield of wheat and other grains was so large that for the first time in the history of the Territory, considerable shipments were made to eastern markets. During 1873 and 1874 grain raising was established as the princi- ple feature of farming in Dakota, and additional flouring mills were erected in different parts of the Territory. The new forest
28
HISTORY OF DAKOTA.
culture law of Congress had done much toward settling up the prairie countries, while the recent discovery of gold in the Black Hills by General Custer's army had attracted large numbers of miners to Western Dakota. With the gathering of the harvests of 1874, it was demonstrated that the soil and climate of Dakota. rendered it oue of the finest wheat-growing regions of the whole West. and the grain was eagerly sought by eastern buyers.
In October came the seventh congressional election in the Ter- ritory. Judge J. P. Kidder and M. K. Armstrong were the candi- dates. Nine thousand, five hundred and eighteen votes were re- turned, indicating a total population of nearly fifty thousand .-- The certificate of election was awarded to Kidder.
The following is the list of
DELEGATES IN CONGRESS
from Dakota, from the first election to the present time, together with their terms of service:
J. B. S. Todd, Fort Randall, 1861-65; W. A. Burleigh, Bon Homme, 1865-69; S. L. Spink, Yankton, 1869-71; W. K. Armstrong, Yankton, 1871-75; Jeff P. Kidder, Vermillion, 1875-79; G. G. Bennett, Deadwood, 1879-81; R. F. Petti- grew, Sioux Falls, present incumbent.
FEDERAL OFFICERS.
The persons who have held offices in Dakota Territory under appointment of the President of the United States and other terms of service, are named below:
Governors .- W. Jayne, 1861 to 1863; Newton Edmunds, 1863 to 1866; A. J. Faulk, 1866 to 1869; John A. Burbank, 1869 to. 1874; John L. Pennington, 1874 to 1878. Wmn. A. Howard assumed the office of governor on the 14th of April, 1878, and died on the 10th of April, 1880. N. G. Ordway.
All of Dakota's ex-Governors, excepting the last named, are liv- ing, and three of them-Edmunds, Faulk and Pennington reside in the territory. Jayne resides in Springfield, Ills., and Burbank holds a position in the postoffice department at Washington.
SECRETARIES.
John Hutchinson, 1861 to 1865; S. L. Spink, 1865 to 1869; Turney M. Wil- kins 1869 to 1870; Geo A. Batchelder, 1870 to 1872; Edwin S. MeCook, ap- pointed in 1872 and was assassinated in Sept., 1873, by Peter P. Wintermute. Oscar Whitney, 1873 to 1874; Geo. H. Han 1, present incumbent.
CHIEF JUSTICES.
Philemon Bliss, 1861 to 1861, now in Missouri; Ara Bartlett, 1865 to 1869, nowin Kansas; Geo. W. French, 1869 to 1873, now in Maine; Peter C. Shan- non, 1873, present incumbent.
ASSOCIATE JUSTICES.
Lorenzo P. Williston, 1861 to 1865; Joseph L. Williams, 1861 to 1864; Ara
29
HISTORY OF DAKOTA.
Bartlett, 1864 to 1869; Wm. E. Gleason, 1864 to 1865; J. P. Kidder, 1865 to 1875; J. W. Boyle, 1866 to 1869; W. W. Brookings, 1869 to 1873; A. H. Barnes, 1873 to 1881; G. G. Bennett, 1875 to 1878; G. C. Moody, 1878, present incum- bent; J. P. Kidder, 1879, present incumbent; Sanford A. Hudson, 1881, pres- ent incumbent.
DISTRICT ATTORNEYS. .
Win. E. Gleason, 1861 to 1865; Geo. H. Hand, 1866 to 1873: Win. Pound, 1873 to 1878; Hugh J. Campbell, 1978, present incumbent; Wm Pound died in office.
SURVEYORS GENERAL.
Geo. D. Hill, 1861 to 1865; Wm. Tripp, 1865 to 1869; W. H. H. Beadle, 1869 to 1873; W. P. Dewey, 1873 to 1877; Henry Espersen, 1877 to 1881; C. S. Fessenden, 1881, present incumbent.
The following are the names of United States Marshals and In- ternal Revenue officers, given in the order in which they served:
U. S. MARSHALS.
Wm F. Shaffer, Geo. M. Pinney, L. H. Litchfield, J. H. Burdick, John B. Raymond.
INTERNAL REVENUE OFFICERS.
Wm. Shriner, collector; A. L. Edwards, assessor; G. P. Bennett, collector; John Pope Hodnett, assessor; Geo. W. Kingsbury, assessor; W. K. Hollen- beck, collector; John L. Pennington, collector.
MEMBERS OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY.
The following is a complete list of the members of the Legisla- tive Assembly, beginning with the first session, in 1861-2, and in- cluding the session of 1881:
FIRST SESSION-1861-2.
Council .- W. W. Brookings, Austin Cole, H. D. Betts, John W. Boyle, Ja- cob Denel, Enos Stutsman, D. T. Bramble, John H. Shober, J. Shaw Gregory.
House-John McBride, Christopher Maloney, G. P. Waldron, Hugh Donald- son, A. W. Puett, Lyman Burgess, J. A. Jacobson, John Stanage, M. K. Arm- strong, Geo. M. Pinney, Reuben Wallace, John L. Tiernon.
.
SECOND SESSION-1862-3.
Council .- W. W. Brookings, Austin Cole, John W. Boyle, Jacob Deuel, Enos Stutsman, D. T. Bramble, J. H. Shober, J. Shaw Gregory, H. D. Betts, James McFetridge.
House .- M. K. Armstrong, L. Bothun, J. Y. Buckman, H. S. Donaldson, M. H. Somers, E. Gifford, A. J. Harlan, J. A. Jacobson, R. M. Johnson, Knud Larson, F. D. Pease, A. W. Puett, N. J. Wallace, G. P. Waldron.
THIRD SESSION-1863-4.
Council .- Enos Stutsman, J. M. Stone, G. W. Kingsbury, J. O. Taylor, M. M. Rich, John Mathers, Lasse Bothun, Hugh Compton, Franklin Taylor, D. P. Bradford, J. Shaw Gregory, John J. Thompson.
House-Washington Reid, P. H. Risling, E. W. Wall, Jesse Wherry, Peter Keegan, M. G. Curtis, Asa Mattison, B. A. Hill, Duncan Ross, Albert Gore, L. Burgess, Ole Bottolfson, A. W. Puett, E. M. Bond, Wm. Shriner, O. L.
.
30
HISTORY OF DAKOTA.
Pratt, John Lawrence, Henry Brooks, L. H. Litchfield, W. Brookings, Knud Larson.
FOURTH SESSION-1864-5.
Council .- Enos Stutsman, J. M Stone, G. W. Kingsbury, J. O. Taylor, M. M. Rich, John Mathers, Lasse Bothun, Hugh Compton, Franklin, Taylor, D. P. Bradford, J. Shaw Gregory, John J. Thompson.
House .- W. W. Brookings. H. Burgess, J. P. Burgman, A. Christy, B. W. Collar, Felicia Fallas, J. R. Hanson, Peter Keegan, G. W. Kellogg, Peter Le- monges, John Lawrence, M. M. Matthiesen, Helge Matthews, Francis McCarty, J. W. Owens, G. W. Pratt, Washington Reid, John Rouse, Wm. Shriner, Geo. Stickney, John W. Turner, E. W. Wall.
FIFTHI SESSION-1865-6.
Council .- M. K. Armstrong, Austin Cole. G. W. Kingsbury, Chas. La Breeche, Nathamel Ross, O. F. Stevens, John J. Thompson, J. W. Turner, A. Van Osdel. Knud Weeks, Enos Stutsman.
House .- Thomas C. Watson, E. C. Collins, Wmn. Walter, Michael Curry, Michael Ryan, Jas. Whitehorn, H. J. Austin, G. B. Bigelow, Amos Hampton, Franklin Taylor, Jas. MeHenry, Jas. Ellis, A. M. English, Jacob Brauch, H. C. Ash, S. C. Fargo, W. W. Brookings, Jonathan Brown, J. A. Lewis, C. H. Mc- Carthy, Win. Stebens, Edward Lent, G. W. Kellogg, Chas. Cooper.
SIXTH SESSION-1866-7.
Council .- M. K. Armstrong, Austin Cole, A. G. Fuller, G. W. Kingsbury, Chas. LaBreeche, J. A. Lewis, D. M. Mills, Nathaniel Ross, O. F. Stevens, John J. Thompson, J. W. Turner, A. Van Osdel, Knud Weeks.
House .- H. C. Ash, H. J. Austin, D. T. Bramble, W. N. Collamer, Michael Curry, Hugh Fraley, Chas. Frick, L. T. Gore, Wm. Gray, Hans Gunderson, M. U. Hoyt, Daniel Hodgen, Amon Hauson, R. M. Johnson, G. W. Kellogg, Vin- cent La Belle, C. H. McCarthy, N. C. Stevens, Wm. Stevens, John Trumbo, Franklin Taylor, J. B. S. Todd, Eli B. Wixon, Kirwin Wilson.
SEVENTH SESSION-1867-8.
Council .- H. J. Austin, W. W. Brookings, W. W. Benedict. Aaron Carpen- ter, R. J. Thomas, Hugh Fraley. R. R. Green, A. H. Hampton, G. W. Kellogg, C. II. Mclntyre, D. M. Mills, C. F. Rossteuscher.
House .- Wm. Blair, Wm. Brady, F. Brown, Jacob Branch, Jonathan Brown, Caleb Cummings, Michael Curry, F. J. Dewitt, Martin V. Farris, Felicia Fallas, L. T. Gore, Hans Gunderson, A. Hanson, M. U. Hoyt, John L. Jolley, Jas. Kee- gan. G. C. Moody, F. Nelson. Michael Ryan, Enos Stutsman, C. G. Shaw, John J. Thompson, J. D. Tucker, T. C. Watson.
EIGHTH SESSION-1865-9.
Council .- H. J. Austin, W. W. Benedict. W. W. Brookings, Aaron Carpen- ter, Hugh Fraley, R. R. Green, A. H. Hampton, G. W. Kellogg, J. A. Lewis, C. H. Melntyre, C. F. Rossteuscher, J. A. Wallace.
House .- Alfred Abbott, C. D. Bradley, G. P. Bennett, C. M. Brooks, Jacob Brauch, John Clementson. M. G. Curtis, J. M. Eves, J. Shaw Gregory, J. T. Hewlett. O. T. Haggin, John L. Jolley, A. W. Jamieson, Hiram Keith, James Keegan, Lewis Larson, Knud Larson. Joseph La Roche, Joseph Moulin, G. C. Moody. Chas. Ricker, Enos Stutsman, M. H. Somers, R. T. Vinson.
31
HISTORY OF DAKOTA.
NINTH SESSION-1870-1
Council-M. K. Armstrong, Jacob Brauch, W. M. Cuppett, Hugh Fraley, S. W. Kidder, J. C. Kennedy, Emory Morris, Nelson Miner, C. H. McIntyre, W. T. Mckay, J. M. Stone, J. W. Turner.
House-Chas. Allen, Ira Barnes, F. J. Cross, C. P. Dow, A. P. Hammon, Geo. H. Hand, John Hancock, Wm. Holbrough, O. B. Iverson, H. A. Gerauld, James Keegan, J. La Roche, Nelson Learnen, A. J. Mills, E. Miner, Rudolph Mostow, S. L. Parks, Amor F. Shaw, Philip Sherman, J. C. Sinclair, Ole Sampson, Noah Wherry, E. W. Wall.
TENTHI SESSION-1873.
Council-D. T. Bramble, E. B. Crew, H. P. Cooley, G. W. Harlan, Alexan- der Hughes, John Lawrence, Nelson Miner, Joseph Mason, C. H. McIntyre, W. T. McKay, O. T. Stevens, Enos Stutsman, Henry Smith.
House-Samuel Ashmore, Ole Bottolfson, John Becker, Jacob Brauch, New- ton Clark, J. W. Garland, Michael Glynn, Wm. Hamilton, James Hyde, Cyrus Knapp, T. A. Kingsbury, Judson La Moure, Joseph Laglois, A. J. Mills, Ephriom Miner, Geo. Norbeck, R. F. Pettigrew, O. C. Peterson, Silas Rohr, Martin Trygstadt, J. W. Turner, John Thompson, B. E. Wood, F. T. Wheeler, J. M. Wahl, Jens Peterson.
ELEVENTH SESSION-1875.
Council-H. J. Austin, Jacob Brauch, Philip Chandler, Benton Fraley, G. W. Harlan, John Lawrence, A. McHench, John L. Jolley, M. Pace, M. W. Sheafe, O. F. Stevens, C. S. West, E. A. Williams.
House-H. O. Anderson, Geo. Bosworth, Hector Bruce, J. L. Berry, L. Bothun, Michael Crerry, Desire Chause, J. M. Cleland, Ira Ellis, Patrick Hand, J. H. Haas, Knud Larson, Joseph Zitka, H. N. Luce, G. C. Moody, W. T. McKay, Henry Reifsnyder, A. F. Shaw, C. H. Searns, L. Sampson, S. Svenson. A. L. Van Osdell, M. M. Williams, Scott Wright, J. M. Wahl, O. B. Larson.
TWELFTH SESSION-1877.
Counil-H. S. Back, M. W. Bailey, W. A. Burleigh, Wm. Duncan, Hans Gunderson, J. A. La Moure, Nelson Miner, A. J. Mills, R. F. Pettigrew, J. A. Potter, C. B. Valentine, J. A. Wallace, Robert Wilson.
House-J. M. Adams, A. L. Boe, H. A. Burke, J. Q. Burbank,* W. H. H. Beadle, A. L. Clark, T. S. Clarkson, G. S. Codington, W. F. Dundam, John Falde, D. C. Hage, A. G. Hopkins, M. O. Hexom, Edmund Hackett, D. M. Inman, Erick Iverson, D. M. Kelleher, Chas. Maywald, Hans Myron, John Sellberg, Decatur Stewart, Asa Sargent, John Tucker, Franklin Taylor, John Thompson, C. H. Van Tassel, S. Soderstrom, F. M. Ziebach.
* Awarded the seat of D. M. Kelleher, on the 29th day of the session.
THIRTEENTH SESSION-1879.
Council-Wm. M. Cuppett, M. H. Day, Ira Ellis, Newton Edmunds, W. L. Kerikendall, Nelson Miner, R. McNider, R. F. Pettigrew, S. T. Roberts, Silas Rohr, C. B. Valentine, H. B. Wynn, G. H. Walsh.
House-Alfred Brown, J. Q. Burbank, P. N. Cross, D. W. Flick, A. B. Fockler, J. R. Gamble, Ansley Grey, H. Gunderson, Ole C. Helveg, John Hayes, O. J. Hosboe, Andrew Hoyer, J. R. Jackson, Sever Johnson, J. O. Langness, Adolph Mauxsch, J. M. Peterson. Michael Shely. Andrew Simonson,
32
HISTORY OF DAKOTA.
J. H. Stevens, Decatur Stewart, Martin Trygstadt, E. C. Walton, Joel Web- ber, Knud Weeks, N. C. Whitfield.
FOURTEENTH SESSION-1881.
Council-M. H. Day, Ira W. Fisher. John R. Gamble, John L. Jolley, J. A. J. Martin, J. O. B. Scobey, Amos F. Shaw, P. R. Smith, John Walsh, Geo. H. Wiggin, John R. Wilson, Geo. H. Walsh.
House-James Baynes, S. A. Boyles, F. J. Cross. G. H. Dickey. Erick Elief- son, L. B. French, J. D. Hale, J. A. Harding, D. M. Inman, C. B. Kennedy, Judson La Moure, Paul Laudman, S. MeBratney, J. L. Miller, Knud Nomland, Silas Rohr, Vale P. Thielman, David Thompson, Albion Thorne, A. L. Van Osdel, Porter Warner, E. P. Wells, Isaac Moore, W. H. Donaldson.
The following are the present incumbents of the principal
TERRITORIAL OFFICES:
Governor, Nehemiah G. Ordway: Secretary, Geo. H. Hand: Chief Justice, Peter C. Shannon; Associate Justices. J. P. Kidder, Vermillion; G. C. Moody Deadwood, Sanford A. Hudson Fargo; U. S. Attorney. Hugh J. Campbell, Yankton; U. S. Marshal, John B. Raymond, Fargo: Surveyor General, C. S. Fessenden: Anditor, L. M. Purdy; Treasurer, W. H. McVay; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Wm. H. Beadle.
THE CENSUS OF 1880.
The following statement as to the census of Dakota for 1880, is as accurate as is obtainable. Mr. Hughes, the Census Superintend- ent for Dakota, reported to the newspapers soon after the Census was completed, the following
POPULATION OF CITIES:
Deadwood
3677
Lead City . 1437
Yankton
3434
Central City 1012
Fargo
2695
Terryville.
775
Sioux Falls
2163
Watertown
746
Bismarck
1760
Elk Point 719
Grand Forks
1500
Vermillion
714
Canton
635
Mandan
239
Wahpeton
400
South Bend.
209
Rapid City
335
Custer City. 201
Rockerville.
321
Bonnersville.
195
Valley City
308
Huron
163
Ft. Pierre.
297
Gayville
130
As to the rapid increase of the population of the above cities, since this enumeration was made, and, indeed, as to the birth and astonishing growth of towns not enumerated in the above, the reader is referred to the details which follow in their appropriate places.
The following table exhibits the results of the first count of population according to the schedules returned to the census office by the enumerators of the several districts concerned.
" Indians not taxed," i. e., Indians in tribal relations. under the care of the government, are not included.
.
33
HISTORY OF DAKOTA.
A careful, competent and reliable gentleman, who is in position to form an intelligent, close and unbiased estimate, furnishes the writer with the following brief statement as to
DAKOTA'S PRESENT POPULATION:
Population of Dakota, June 30th, 1880 .136,000
Land taken in Dakota in 1881-2, 2,600,000 acres-16,250 quarter sections
Counting three persons to each quarter sections, (a low estimate, as
much of Dakota's immigration consists of families), gives additional population of over.
48,000
Add one-half as many for that portion of 1880, from June, 1880, to Jan- mary, 1881 ..
24,000
Purchasers of railroad lands.
10,000
Increase in population of towns
6,000
Natural increase of population
6,000
Total population of Dakota, December, 1881
230,000
COUNTIES.
Total.
Male.
Female.
Native.
Foreign
White.
[ Colored*]
Armstrong
2,607
1,361|1,246|
929|1,678|
2,607
Barnes.
1,585
988|
597
896
689
1,583
2
Bon Homme.
5,469
2,933 2,536 2,742 2,727
5,440
29
Brookings
4,965
2,861 2,104 3,411 1,554
4,959 6
Burleigh (part of).
1,997
1,259
738 1,441
556
1,928
69
Cass
8,998
5,501 3,497 4,881 4,117
8,956 42
Clark
114
75
39
95
19
114
-
Clay
5,001
2.714 2,287 3,308 1,693
4,998
3
Codington
2,156
1,338
818 1,629
527
2,156
-
Custer
995
781
214
765
230
985
10
Davison
1,256
758|
498 1,037
219
1,255
1
Denel .
2,302
1,331
971 1,546
756
2,302
-
Grand Forks
6,248
3,729 2,519 2,396 3,852
6,215
33
Grant
3,010
1,896 1,114 2,193
817
2,967
43
Hamlin
693
432
261 385
308
693
-
Hanson
1,301
771} 530 1,011
290
1,299
2
Hutchinson
2,966
1,549 1,417 1,109 1,857
2,966
-
Kingsbury
1,102
690
412
800
302
1,102
Lake
2,657
1,520 1,137 2,017
640
2,657
13,248 10,123 3,125 9, 296 3,952 12,921 327
McCook
1,283
738
545
930
353
1,283
-
Meyer
115
92
23
86
29
112
3
Miner
363
236
127
299
64
363
-
Minnehaha
8.252
4,549 3,703 5,502 2,750
8,204
48
Moody .
3,915
2,293 1,622 2,989
926
3,689 226
Pembina
4,862
2,842 2,020 1,663 3,199
4,399 463
Pennington
2,244
1,750
494 1,674
570
2,226 18
Richland.
3,597
2,130 1,467 1,916,1,681
3,587
10
Stutsman
1,207
660
347
694
313
1,004
3
Traill .
4,123
2,459|1,664 1,886 2,237
4,122
1
Turner
5,320
2,844 2,476 2,857 2,463
5,320 -
Union
6,813
3,543 3,270 4,779 2,034
6,802 11
Yankton
8,390
4,381 4,009 4,834 3,556
8,334
56
*Including in Bon Homme county, 7 Indians and half breeds, in Burleigh Co., (part of ) 2 Chinese and 6 Indians and half-breeds; in Cass Co., 3 Chinese and
5,897
3,165 2,732 4,118 1,779
Lawrence
Lincoln
5,897
34
HISTORY OF DAKOTA.
27 half-breeds and Indians; in Clay Co., 1 Indian; in Grand Forks Co., 29 half- breed Indians; in Grant Co., 43 Indians; in Hanson Co., 2 Indians; in Law- rence Co., 220 Chinese and 10 Indians and half-breeds; in Minnehaha Co., 28 Indians; in Moody Co., 222 Indians; in Pembina Co., 452 Indians and half- breeds; in Pennington Co., 10 Chin's2; in Richland Co., 10 Indians; in Union Co., 11 In lians and half-bre. l .; in Yankton Co., 2 Indians ; in Custer county, 1 Indian.
NOTE .- The population of the following counties is given in combination, the returns from each not having been separated:
Ashmore and Sully counties, total 587; males, 337; females, 190; native, 481; foreign 106; white 416; colored, 174. Aurora (part of) and Brule counties, to- tal, 262; males, 178; females, 84; native 178; foreign, 74; white, 261; colored, 1. Aurora (part of ), Buffalo, Lyman and Presho counties, total, 232; males, 171; females, 61; native, 264; foreign, 68; white, 209; colored, 23. Beadle and Hand counties, total, 1,443; males, 7,236; females, 207; native, 981; foreign, 462; white 1.443. Berthold, Bottineau, McHenry, Renville and Stevens coun- ties, total, 247; males, 201; females. 46; native, 181; foreign. 66; white, 243; colored,4. Billings, Mercer, Morton and Stark counties, total, 1,523; males, 1,440; females, 83; native, 888; foreign, 634; white, 1,514; colored, 9. Bore- man, Campbell, Rush and Walworth counties, total 676; males, 511; females, 175, native, 484; foreign, 192; white, 595; colored, 81. Brown and Day counties, total, 450; males, 344; females, 106; native, 307; foreign, 143; white, 439; col- ored, 11. Burleigh, (part of) Emmons and Sheridan counties, total, 1,287; males, 944; females, 343; native, 891; foreign, 396; white, 1,241; colored, 46 .- Cavilier, Foster and Ramsey counties, total, 318; males, 214; females, 104; na- tive, 216; foreign, 102; white, 311; colored, 7. Charles Mix, Douglas and Todd counties, total, 616; males, 382; females, 234; native, 483; foreign, 133; white, 512; colored, 104. DeSmet, Gingras, Kidder and Logan counties, total, 89; males, 80; females, 9; native, 48; foreign, 40; white, 88; colored, 1. Edmunds, Faulk, McPherson and Spink counties, total, 481; males, 335; females, 146; na- tive, 398; foreign, 83; white, 478; colored, 4. Forsyth and Shannon counties, total, 113; males, 93; females, 20; native, 89; foreign, 24; white, 106; colored, 7. Howard, Montraille, Wallette and Williams counties, total, 471; males, 400; females, 71; native. 321; foreign, 150; white, 448; colored, 32. Hughes and Stanley counties, total, 770; males, 587; females, 183; native, 642; foreign, 128; white, 691; colored, 79. LaMoure and Ransom counties, total, 557; males, 344; females, 213; native, 357; foreign, 200; white, 557. Sisseton and Wahpeton Indian reservation and Fort Sisseton, total, 207; males, 153; females, 54; native, 152; foreign, 55; white, 184; colored, 23.
*Including, in Ashmore and Sully counties, 167 Indians; in Aurora (part of ) and Brule counties, 1 half-breed Indian; in Aurora (part of ), Buffalo, Lyman and Presho counties, 21 half-breed Indians; in Berthold, Bottineau, McHenry, Ren- ville and Stephens counties, 3 Indians and half-breeds; in Billings, Mercer, Mor- ton and Stark counties, 7 Indians; in Boreman, Campbell, Rush and Wadsworth counties, 72 Indians and half-breeds; in Brown and Day counties, 11 Indians and half-breeds; in Burleigh (part of ) Emmons and Sheridan counties, 35 In- dians and half-breeds; in Cavalier, Foster and Ramsey counties, 1 Indian; in Charles Mix, Douglas and Todd counties, 97 Indians and half-breeds; in Ed-
35
HISTORY OF DAKOTA. 1281088
munds, Faulk. McPherson and Spink counties, 4 Indians and half-breeds; in Howard, Montraille, Wallette and Williams counties, 10 Indians and half-breeds in Hughes and Stanley counties, 77 Indians and half-breeds; in Sisseton and Wahpeton reservation and Fort Sisseton, 21 Indians and half-breeds.
TOTAL FOOTINGS.
The total footings for Dakota Territory are as follows:
Males
82,302
Females
52,878
Native.
83,387
Foreign
51,793
White
133,177
Colored
2,003
Total
135,180
*Including in the Territory, 233 Chinese, and 1,384 Indians and half-breeds. The following are the
ORGANIZED COUNTIES OF DAKOTA.
Armstrong.
Clay.
Kidder.
Pembina.
Aurora.
Clark.
Lake.
Pennington.
Barnes.
Custer.
Lawrence.
Ransom.
Bon Homme.
Davidson.
Lincoln.
Richland.
Beadle.
Deuel.
LaMoure.
Spink.
Brown.
Douglas.
McCook.
Stutsman.
Brookings.
Grand Forks.
Minnehaha. Traill.
Burleigh.
Grant.
Miner.
Turner.
Brule.
Hanson.
Moody.
Union.
Cass.
Hamlin.
Morton.
Walsh.
Charles Mix.
Hutchinson.
Mandan
Yankton.
Codington.
Hughes.
JAMES RIVER VALLEY.
The following brief description of the James River Valley, by a competent writer, is pertinently accurate:
"In order to give an adequate idea as to why this region is now, and to a much greater extent must soon inevitably become, the central attraction and leading Eldorado of the great mass of pov- erty-stricken and mortgage-burdened people of the East, who are now setting their faces westward, I must give a brief and truthful description of this wonderful valley of the James. Imagine, for a moment, a tract of country 500 miles long, by from forty to sixty miles wide, drained by a strong and never-failing stream, which by its curves is over 1,000 miles in length, and into which flow, both from the east and the west, numerous smaller streams, abun- dantly watering the country and beautifully diversifying the land-
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