USA > Vermont > Encyclopedia, Vermont biography; a series of authentic biographical sketches of the representative men of Vermont and sons of Vermont in other states. 1912 > Part 9
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62
1777. The state's reeords for the same vear show that Colonel Mead's regiment rendered efficient service in scouting after Tories at sundry times, and also in guard- ing such as were taken, supposed to be enemies. In 1779 Colonel Mead was engaged in still guarding the frontier, showing that not only upon the field of battle, but also dealing with a wily foe in ambush, he was a living illustration of the watchword of his ancestors "Sem- per Paratus." Governor Mead on the maternal side was deseended from John Howland who came over in the May- flower. He was known as the "Beloved Pilgrim" of Plymouth and the last sur- vivor of that memorable body of men who endured hardships of great severity, borne with heroie fortitude. The daughter of John Howland married Captain John Gorham who was killed in one of the In- dian wars with King Phillip. The Gor- hams belonged to the nobility as their genealogical tree and pictures of their baronial castle in France bear evidence. Governor Mead is able to trace the line away back to the time when William the Conqueror made his excursion to France in 1051, down to his mother Lydia, daughter of Eli Gorham of Rutland. John A. Mead was educated at the common school at West Rutland, Franklin Aead- einy at Malone, N. Y., and at Middle-
bury College where he was graduated in 1864. In 1868 he received his diploma from the College of Physicians and Sur- geons in New York City, in reality the medieal department of Columbia Univer- sity. He was appointed house physician in the Kings County Hospital at Flat- bush, L. I., a position he held for sev- eral years. He then removed to Rut- land, where he practiced medicine until 1888. At this time he was tendered a ehair in the medieal department of the University of Vermont. During the time when by hard work and rigid econ- omy he was able to complete his studies at college, occurred the struggle for the preservation of the Union. Mr. Mead stood high in his class, but patriotically responsive to the great war president he and several of his classmates enlisted in Co. K., 12th Vermont Volunteers, serv- ing for a period of nine months, partici- pating in several skirmishes, important battles and the 30-mile night march after the battle of Gettysburg. Upon being mustered out he returned to Middlebury, graduating with the elass. He is now one of the trustees of Middlebury Col- lege, Norwich University and University of Vermont and these three colleges con- ferred the title of LL. D. upon him in 1911. In 1885 he relinquished the prae- tiee of medieine to devote his entire at- tention to his increasing business inter- ests. He had received, meanwhile, recognition of professional abilities in the appointment of medical director of the Vermont State eneampment. He served
as surgeon-general of the State G. A. R. 1890, with rank of brigadier-general on the staff of Gov. Redfield Proctor, as member of the board of pension exam- iners and as medieal superintendent of the house of correction. In 1881 he aided in the organization of the Vermont Association, was chosen its medieal ex- aminer and director, and in the same year assisted in organizing the State Trust Co. and was elected its vice-president, later becoming its president. In 1888 he reorganized the Howe Scale Co. of which he became president, and the phe- nomenal growth of that enterprise is large- ly due to his energetie and wise manage- ment. He has been connected with sev- cral other large corporations; in the old National Bank of Rutland, as director and cashier, in the Rutland Railroad as
53
THE GOVERNORS
MEAD]
treasurer and director, the Clement Na- tional Bank as director, the Baxter Na- tional Bank as president, and the Jolm A. Mead Manufacturing Co. as president. Is a Republican; Senator from Rutland County 1892; commissioner to World's Columbian Exposition, Chieago, 1893, by appointment of Governor Fuller; com- missioner to Mexican National Exposition of Industries and Free Arts 1895, by ap- pointment of Governor Woodbury; repre- sented Rutland City in the Legislature 1906; lieutenant-governor 1908, and gov- ernor of Vermont 1910; delegate-at-large to national Republican convention, Chi- cago, 1912. Member First Congregational Chureh, Rutland, serving many years as chairman of its executive committee, and
vice-president of Congregational Club of Western Vermont. Member Grand Army of the Republie, and was a staff of- ficer for Generals Alger, Veazey and Gilman during the term of each as com- mander-in-chief of the order; charter member Rutland Valley Grange; member of Vermont Society Sons of American ยท Revolution; Rutland Lodge No. 79, F. & A. M., and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. In 1872 Governor Mead married Mary M., daughter of Hon. William N. and Mary M. B. Sherman of Greenwich, R. I. They have one daughter, Mary Sherman, the wife of Carl B. Hinsman, vice-presi- dent of the Howe Scale Co .; and one grandson who bears the name of John Abner Mead Hinsman.
SENATORS IN CONGRESS.
The following is a complete list of the Senators in Congress for Vermont. Bio- graphical sketches of the entire list are given on the following pages, with the exceptions noted.
FIRST CLASS.
George F. Edmunds .. . 1866-91
Dudley Chase 1825-31
Samuel Prentiss 1831-42
*Moses Robinson .1791-96
*Isaac Tichenor 1796-97
Nathaniel Chipman. . 1797-1803
*Israel Smith. 1803-07
Jonathan Robinson .1807-15
Stephen R. Bradley. . . 1791-95
Jacob Collamer 1855-65
*Isaac Tichenor . 1815-21
Elijah Paine .1795-1801
Luke P. Poland .. 1865-67
Horatio Seymour 1821-33
Stephen R. Bradley. .. 1801-13
Benjamin Swift 1833-39
Dudley Chase 1813-17
Jonathan Ross 1899-1900
*William P. Dillingham.1901-
Solomon Foot 1851-66
*William A. Palmer .. . .1818-25
"First and second class" relate to classes, as defined in the second clause, third section, first article in the Constitution of the U. S.
*Biographical sketch will be found among "The Governors."
BRADLEY, STEPHEN R., and Moses of the independence of the state. The fruitlessness of this mission has been ex- plained in previous sketches, but the abil- ity and resourcefulness of the young Ver- monter added greatly to his reputation. He represented Westminster in the Leg- islature in 1780, '81, '84, '85, '88, '90, and in 1785 was speaker of the House, of which he had been clerk in 1779; was states attorney several years and gen- eral prosecuting officer of the state; was register of probate 1781-91, when he en- tered the U. S. Senate. In 1783 was judge of county court, and from Octo- ber, 1788, to October, 1789, was judge of the supreme court. He was a lieu- tenant and then a colonel in the first regi- ment Vermont militia, serving on the staff of Gen. Ethan Allen, and in 1791 was made a brigadier-general. By lot it fell to him, when elected 1791, to be a sen- ator of the second class whose term ex- pired in four years, and then as the Fed- eralists were a majority he was defeated for re-election in 1794, but six years later, he was again elected and re-elected in 1806. serving with distinction. Was president of the convention of Republican Robinson were the first senators after the admission of the state into the Union. Mr. Bradley was five times elected the president pro tem. of the Senate, the third highest office in the government, and was regarded as the most potent Dem- ocrat in New England. He was born at Wallingford, (now Cheshire) Conn., Feb. 20, 1754; son of Moses and Mary (Row) Bradley, and grandson of Stephen Brad- ley, one of a family of six brothers who came to this country in 1637, after serv- ice in Cromwell's Ironsides. He grad- uated from Yale in 1775, entered the Revolutionary service as captain of com- pany of volunteers as early as February, 1776, later serving as quartermaster and aid on the staff of General Wooster. In 1779 he appeared in Vermont and was licensed to practice law, having studied law under Thomas Reeve, founder of the Litchfield Law School. In June, 1780, was appointed states attorney for Cum- berland County and still earlier had pre- pared a statement of Vermont's case against the claims of New York, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, entitled "Vermont's Appeal to a Candid and Im- . members of Congress. and on Jan. 19. 1808. summoned the convention of mem- bers which met and nominated Mr. Madi- son as President. He was the author of
partial World." He and Jonas Fay and Moses Robinson were appointed agents to Congress to urge the recognition
*Redfield Proctor 1891-98
*John W. Stewart. .1908-9
*Carroll S. Page .1909
*Samuel C. Crafts. 1842-43 William Upham 1843-53 Samuel S. Phelps .1853
SECOND CLASS.
Lawrence Brainerd .1854-55
Justin S. Morrill. .1867-99
Samuel S. Phelps. 1839-51
James Fisk 1817-18
56
ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY
[PAINE
the constitutional amendment requiring the Vice-President, like the President, to be elected by a majority of the electoral votes, and which he reported from the committee. He retired from public life in 1813 and five years later removed from Westminster to Walpole, N. H., where, after a happy and contented evening of life. he went to rest Dec. 9, 1830.
PAINE, ELIJAH; senator at the close of the 18th century, state judge, U. S. judge. pioneer manufacturer and scien- tific farmer; was born at Brooklyn, N. Y., Jan. 2. 1757; son of Seth Paine. He studied at Harvard a few months, en- tered the Revolutionary army, and grad- uated 1781; after studying law he came to Vermont in 1784, locating at Windsor, later pushing into the wilderness to Wil- liamstown and soon established a mill for the manufacture of broadcloths, final- ly employing nearly 200 workmen; erected the first saw and grist mill in that sec- tion, and constructed at a cost of $10,000 a turnpike from Brookfield to Montpelier, which he presented to the state. At one time he owned 15,000 Merino sheep, with many high grade horses, cattle and swine. In 1786 was a member of the convention to revise the state constitution; repre- sented Williamstown in the Legislature 1787-91; judge of the superior court un- til 1794, when he was elected U. S. senator to succeed Stephen R. Bradley, declining a second election because he was appointed U. S. district judge for Vermont, which position he held for over forty years, until a few weeks of his death, April 28, 1842. In 1790 he married Sarah Porter of Plymouth, N. H .; they had four sons, Martin, an eminent phy- sician; Elijah, a judge of the supreme court of New York; George, a prominent lawyer; and Gov. Charles Painc.
CHIPMAN, NATHANIEL; born Salis- bury. Conn., Nov. 15, 1752; son of Sam- nel and Hannah Chipman; graduated from Yale in 1777, served as lieutenant and fought at Monmouth and Valley Forge, but resigned because of poverty and com- pleted his study of law; admitted to bar 1779; came to Vermont and settled at Tinmouth where he built a forge for the manufacture of bar iron and conducted a farm. Represented Tinmonth in the
Legislature 1784-85; elected assistant judge of the superior court 1786, the first lawyer. to be placed on the bench in Ver- mont; chief justice 1789-90; and a mem- ber of the commission which determined the boundary between New York and Vermont. Jan. 18, 1791, he was ap- pointed with Lewis R. Morris commis- sioner to attend Congress and negotiate for the admission of the state into the Union. Immediately after admission, President Washington made him U. S. judge for the district of Vermont, a po- sition he resigned in 1793. In 1796 he was again elected chief justice, and in 1797 elected senator to succeed Tichenor serving five years, when he returned to Vermont and resumed the practice of law, again representing Tinmouth in the Leg- islature 1806-11. In March, 1813, elected one of the council of censors, a body chosen once every seven years to review the constitution and recommend amendments. He was chosen chief jus- tice of the state in 1813, but displaced in 1815 when the Democrats, or Repub- licans as they then generally called them- selves, returned to power. In 1815 he was appointed professor of law at Middle- bury College, holding the chair until 1843. He died Feb. 13, 1843, aged ninety-one years.
ROBINSON, JONATHAN; youngest son of Samuel, Sr .; chief justice of the su- preme court and United States senator ; born Hardwick, Aug. 11, 1756, came to Bennington with his father in 1761, and was admitted to the bar in 1796; was town clerk for six years beginning with 1795, town representative thirteen times before 1802, and chief justice of the su- preme court from 1801 to 1807. In the latter year the triumph of the Jeffersoni- ans in at last defeating Tichenor and electing Israel Smith governor, seven years after they had got control of the rest of the government, necessitated the latter's resignation of his seat in the Sen- ate, and Judge Robinson was chosen to succeed him, and in 1809 he was also eleeted for another term closing in 1815. After his retirement from the Senate he was elected judge of probate in October, 1815, and held the position for four years, and again represented the town in 1818. He died Nov. 3, 1819, at the age of sixty- three. He married Mary, daughter of
57
THE SENATORS
PRENTISS]
John Fassett. One of their sons, Jona- than E., a lawyer, was town clerk nine years and judge of county court in 1828, and died in 1831. Another, Henry, was paymaster in the army, clerk in the pen- sion office, brigadier-general of militia, and for ten years clerk of the county and supreme court. He died in 1856.
CHASE, DUDLEY; twice U. S. senator, speaker of the assembly five years, and four years chief justice of the supreme court; brother of Bishop Philander Chase of Ohio, and the uncle of Salmon P. Chase, the Republican statesman and chief justice; born Corinth, N. H., Dec. 30, 1771; son of Deacon Dudley Chase; graduated at Dartmouth 1791; studied law with Hon. Lot Hall at Westminster, and settled at Randolph; states attorney for Orange County 1803-11 ; member con- stitutional conventions of 1814 and 1822; represented Randolph in the Legislature 1805-12 ; being speaker the last five years, and immediately elected U. S. senator to succeed Stephen R. Bradley; resigned at the expiration of his first term of six years to accept a position as chief justice of the supreme court of the state, being re-elected to this post each year until 1821 when he retired to resume the practice of law; sent again to the Legislature in 1823-24, and again elected U. S. senator, retiring finally to private life in 1831. He died Feb. 23, 1846, following an accident which resulted in paralysis of his right leg, his wife who was Olivia Brown and whom he married when she was seventeen, surviving him only a few days.
FISK, JAMES; born Greenwich, Mass., Oct. 4. 1763; came to Vermont when a mere child, enlisted at age of sixteen in the Revolutionary Army and served three years, returned to Greenwich and at age of twenty-two was a representative to the Massachusetts General Assembly; began to preach as a Universalist preacher and came to Barre in 1798, preached occasion- ally, cleared a farm, studied law, opened an office and rose to eminence and posi- tion; represented the town nine years from 1800 to 1815, being active in legislation for the observance of the Sabbath, the taxing of liquor selling and the regula- tion of marriage and divorce; was judge of Orange county court 1802-9. and in 1816 one of the three judges of the su-
preme court of the state, resigning two years later to accept election to the U. S. senate. Was a representative in Con- gress in 1801, serving two terms, and again from 1811 to 1815, and then after his two years' service was chosen U. S. sen- ator in 1817 to succeed Dudley Chase, but resigned after two years' service to ac- cept the post of collector of customs for the district of Vermont, which he held for eight years, and during that time moved to Swanton where he died Dec. 1, 1844. He was succeeded in the U. S. senate by William A. Palmer.
SEYMOUR, HORATIO; born Litchfield, Conn., May 31, 1778; son of Maj. Moses and Mary (Marsh) Seymour; fitted for college and graduated from Yale in 1797; taught an academy for a year at Cheshire, Conn .; attended Judge Reeve's law school at Litchfield for a year, and in October, 1799, came to Middlebury to continue the study of law under Daniel Chipman, and in 1800 was admitted to the bar. Was postmaster at Middlebury nine years; states attorney 1810-13 and 1815-19, and councillor 1809 to 1814. In 1820 he was elected U. S. senator, and re-elected in 1826 after a vigorous contest with Gov- ernor Van Ness; was the Whig candidate for governor in 1833 and 1834. He was judge of probate 1847-56. Middlebury conferred the degree of LL. D. on him in 1847. In 1800 he married Lucy. daughter of Jonah Case of Addison; she died in 1838, leaving three sons and one daughter. He died Nov. 21, 1857.
PRENTISS, SAMUEL, one of the great Whig leaders of his day; was born at Stonington, Conn., March 31, 1782; son of Dr. Samuel Prentiss. His boyhood was passed at Northfield, Mass .; he had only a common school education, studied law at Northfield, Mass., and at Brattle- boro, admitted to Windham County bar 1802, locating at Montpelier. In 1822 he declined election as associate judge of the supreme court ; represented Montpelier in the Legislature 1821-25, and during the latter session was chosen to the supreme court, becoming chief justice four years later; one year later brought a summons to go to Washington to succeed Dudley Chase, being re-elected in 1836, but re- signed before its expiration to accept ap- pointment as judge of the U. S. district
58
ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY
[SWIFT
court for the district of Vermont to sue- ceed Elijah Paine, deceased. He con- tinued in this position fourteen years un- til his death, Jan. 15, 1857. In 1804 he married Lueretia. daughter of Edward Houghton of Northfield, who died at Mont- pelier. June 15, 1855. She had twelve children. of whom ten were boys, and all of them who lived to reach manhood be- came lawyers.
SWIFT, BENJAMIN; representative in Congress 1827-31, and senator from 1833-9; born at Amenia, N. Y., April 8, 1780; son of Rev. Job Swift, lawyer, editor, historian of Addison County, a judge of probate and assistant judge there. and secretary of the governor and council 1813-14. Young Swift studied law at Litehfield, Conn .; began practice at Bennington, but moved to St. Albans in 1809. He was repeatedly a candidate for office on local and county tickets and was two or three times representative from St. Albans. As a Whig he was elected representative to Congress 1827; re- eleeted in 1829, but withdrew in favor of Heman Allen of Milton who succeeded him. The next year he was brought for- ward as a candidate to U. S. Senate, elected and served the full term until 1839. After his retirement from the senate followed farming and was at work in the field when death overtook him.
PHELPS. SAMUEL S., senator for 13 years; born Litchfield, Conn., May, 1793; entered Yale at age of 14 graduating in 1811; studied law until 1812, came to Middlebury and entered the office of Hor- atio Seymour; served in the war of 1812 in the ranks at Burlington and Platts- burg and afterwards as paymaster; ad- mitted to Addison County Bar 1815; mem- ber of the council of censors 1827; mem- ber of governor's council 1831, and the same year chosen judge of the supreme court, and annually re-elected until 1838 when he was chosen a senator to Congress to succeed Benjamin Swift, and again elected in 1844. In January, 1853, on the death of Senator Upham he was ap- pointed to the vacancy on the recom- mendation of the Vermont delegation in Congress because he was in Washington at the time; he discharged the duties of his office through that session, and returned
to Washington the next winter to claim his seat, but as the Legislature had met in the meantime and failed to eleet him or anybody else, the Senate refused to admit him on the ground that an executive appointee could not continue after the Legislature had an opportunity to fill the vacaney. He died at his home in Mid- dlebury March 25, 1855. He was twice married and brought up a large family of children of whom the eldest was Hon. Edward J. Phelps, late minister to the Court of St. James.
UPHAM, WILLIAM, for ten years U. S. senator; was born Leicester, Mass., Aug. 5, 1792; son of Captain Samuel Upham who moved to Montpelier. in 1802 and settled on a farm. He worked on a farm until he was 15 attending sehool only win- ters, when his right hand was erushed in a cider mill and he obtained paternal consent to being "educated." He stud- ied law with Samuel Prentiss at Mont- pelier, was admitted to the bar in 1811 and practiced for about 30 years, becom- ing one of the strongest jury advocates the state has ever known. In 1827 elected town representative being re- elected in 1828 and 1830. In 1842 elected U. S. senator to succeed Samuel C. Crafts; at the end of his term he was re-elected but died before completing his term, Jan. 14, 1853. His wife was Sarah Keyes of Ashford, Conn.
FOOT, SOLOMON, senator, representa- tive in Congress for 19 years, born in Cornwall Nov. 15, 1802; son of Dr. Sol- omon and Betsey (Crossett) Foot. An orphan at the age of nine, he was self- educated, taught district schools, fitted for college and graduated from Middle- bury 1826. He was four years tutor at Middlebury, was preceptor of Castleton Academy and professor of natural phil- osophy at the Vermont Medical School at Castleton. While teaching lie had stud- icd law, was admitted to the bar 1831, and settled in practice at Rutland; went to the Legislature in 1833, again in 1836-8, being speaker the last two sessions; states attorney for Rutland County 1836- 42, and in that year elected representa- tive in Congress as an ardent Whig; his first appearance on the floor being to pre- sent a petition for the "protection of American producers against the unfriendly
59
THE SENATORS
COLLAMER]
and ruinous competition of foreign na- tions," a position which he held as long as he was in Congress; he fought the Walker tariff bill in 1846, and was one of the few Republicans to vote against the low tariff bill in 1847. He served two terms in the house and refused re- election to return to the practice of law; was next fall sent to the Legislature by Rutland, re-elected in 1848, and in 1850 was elected by the Senate to succeed Judge Phelps; he carried through bills for the erection of a customs house at Bur- lington and court houses at Rutland and Windsor; and when the extra session of Congress was convened on account of the war July 4, 1861, he was unanimously elected president pro tem. continuing in this position through the 37th and 38th Congresses ; he was with the leaders of his party in sharp antagonism to President Johnson and his policy but died March 28. 1866, before the crisis in that struggle came, though he clearly foresaw it. He was twice married; in 1839 to Emily Fay of Rutland, and second to Mrs. Anna Dora Hodges of Clarendon who survived him.
BRAINERD, LAWRENCE, elected sen- ator to fill out William Upham's term; born East Hartford, March 16, 1794; the fifth of 13 children of Deacon Ezra and Mabel (Porter) Brainerd. When 14 years of age he went to St. Albans on the proceeds of walnuts he had gathered and sold, and with a capital of 75 cents be- gan the struggle of life. He fitted him- self to teach a district school, became a clerk in a store and, in 1816 embarked in business for himself, acquiring additional wealth at every step. His political life began with service as deputy sheriff; in 1834 represented St. Albans in the Leg- islature; abandoned the Whig party in 1840 and was of the 319 in Vermont to cast their votes for Birney for president that year; was the Liberty party's can- didate for governor in 1846 and 1847; he presided over the first Republican con- vention July 1854; was a candidate for the state senate from his county, but was beaten by the old Whig animosity. Elected to the U. S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Senator Upham. He married Fidelia Barnet, daughter of William Gadcomb; she died in 1852; they had 12 children, of whom four sons and two daughters reached
maturity ; one daughter married J. Greg- ory Smith, afterwards governor, and the other F. S. Stranahan, lieutenant-gov- ernor; the sons Lawrence, Aldis, Erastus P., and Herbert, were all men of prom- inence.
COLLAMER, JACOB; judge, represen- tative and senator in Congress, postmas- ter-general under Taylor, the only Ver- monter before Proctor to serve in the cabinet, is the man whose statue as the representative Vermonter stands with that of Ethan Allen in the rotunda of the capitol at Washington. Was born at Troy, N. Y., Jan. 8, 1791 ; son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Van Ormun) Collamer ; came to Vermont when four years of age, and by his own energy secured the means for a collegiate and professional educa- tion; graduated at the University of Ver- mont 1810; admitted to the bar 1813; after serving in the frontier campaign as lieutenant of artillery in 1812. In 1816 moved to Royalton where he practiced un- til 1836 when he went to Woodstock; rep- resented Royalton in the Legislatures of 1821, '22, '27 and '28; states attorney for Windsor County 1822-24; member of constitutional convention 1836, that did away with the old governor's council and established a state senate. In 1833 elected assistant judge supreme court, re- elected annually until 1842 when he de- clined further service. The next year he was elected to Congress remaining un- til 1848, but a Legislative caucus that fall recommended him for a cabinet position and President Taylor on his inauguration named him for postmaster-general. On the death of President Taylor in July. 1850, Mr. Collamer resigned with the rest of the cabinet, and returned to his law practice in Vermont, and was elected circuit judge by the Legislature, holding this office until 1854 when the young Republican party elected him U. S. senator. When his term expired in 1860 he was re-elected for a second term and filled even a larger place in national councils. Vermont presented his name at the Chicago con- vention that year for the presidency, and he received ten votes on the first ballot of the convention. the only Vermonter ex- cept Edmunds who has been so honored in the national conventions of either party. He died in his home in Woodstock Nov. 9. 1865. He was a man who was loved by
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.