USA > Vermont > Rutland County > History of Rutland County, Vermont, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 27
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HISTORY OF RUTLAND COUNTY.
other States. Mr. Houghton removed to Michigan and was a successful editor for many years - at Marquette and at Houghton, which was named for him. He was for several years a consul to some foreign country. He died several years ago. Of the later publishers we have been unable to glean but few par- ticulars further than that the late Colonel Roby G. Stone, of Plattsburg, was at one time its publisher and editor. This journal was well sustained in the ear- lier years of its publication and was the rival of the Rutland Herald in the western part of the county.
Brandon. - The Vermont Telegraph, a religious paper, in the interests of the Baptist denomination, was established at Brandon in 1828 by Ephraim Maxham and edited by Rev. John M. Allen. The paper was started by a com- pany, of which Mr. Maxham was manager. It was the first joint stock com- pany organized in Vermont for the publication of a newspaper. The first issue was dated September 30, 1828. This paper passed through the hands of vari- ous managers and editors until 1834, when it ceased to exist as a distinctive religious paper. Among its managers were John Conant, John A. Conant, James Long, Willard Kimball, and its editors Rev. Nathan Brown, Wareham Walker and Orson S. Murray. John Conant was a well-known business man of an early day. His son, the respected and venerable John A. Conant, still lives in a vigorous old age. He has been sheriff of the county, senator, presi- dent of the Brandon National Bank, and held many other positions of trust and responsibility. Ephraim Maxham is still living and is now connected with the Waterville, Maine, Mail. Rev. Nathan Brown went as a missionary to India and translated the new testament into several languages. He was also founder of the American Baptist. Orson S. Murray purchased the Telegraph in 1834 and changed its tone from a religious to the advocacy of anti-slavery, and was the first journal in the State to make a distinctive political stand on that sub- ject. Another change was the advancement of infidel sentiments. Mr. Mur- ray was an eccentric man, but withal was a writer of great vigor and perspicu- ity. He was a vegetarian and wore his hair at full length, never allowing it to be cut, and was erratic in other particulars. He moved his paper to Ohio, where he assumed considerable prominence as an anti-slavery editor and lec- turer. He died a few years since at an advanced age.
In 1832, in the height of the popular excitement in Vermont on the subject of Masonry, Hon. Zimri Howe established an anti- Masonic journal entitled The Green Mountain Eagle. It terminated its existence in 1834, when the anti-Masonic excitement began to wane. Mr. Howe took an independent political stand against Masonry, although his father and family were members of the order. The paper was conducted with ability and had great influence in politics. Hon. Zimri Howe was born in Poultney in 1786, graduated at Mid- dlebury College in 1810, and studied law at Middlebury with Hon. Horatio Seymour, then United States Senator. He was admitted to the Rutland
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THE PRESS OF RUTLAND COUNTY.
county bar in 1813, and settled in Castleton, where he practiced law until his death. He was father of John Howe, the recent State's Attorney. The tem- perance cause owned him as a pioneer and a persistent advocate at all times. He was one of the founders of the Rutland County Temperance Society, and was its president for a series of years. He was a member of the Governor's Council, State senator in 1836 and 1837, and one of the assistant judges of the Rutland County Court from 1839 to 1844. He died at Castleton in 1862, aged seventy-seven years.
In September, 1834, H. E. W. Drury, of Middlebury, established a Demo- cratic paper entitled The Vermont Argus, which was merged in a paper called The Free Press, at Middlebury, in September, 1836.
In 1840 a political sheet called The Rutland and Addison County Whig, was published by the Brandon Whig Association, of which Hon. De Witt C. Clarke was the editor. It was the most vigorous and spicy newspaper ever printed in Vermont. General Clarke was well adapted to his position ; a writer on all, especially political subjects, and a man of ready wit, full of anecdote and story, and well adapted to the writing of campaign songs - he gave its col- umns rare originality and spice. It was conducted after the manner of the Log Cabin, published during the same campaign by Horace Greeley, to which General Clarke was a frequent contributor. General Clarke afterward became the editor of the Burlington Free Press. He was the son of Asahel and Lydia (Finney) Clarke, and was born at Sandy Hill, N. Y. He graduated at Union College, studied law and settled at Brandon, where he practiced until he entered the editorial profession, for which he was so peculiarly adapted. He was sec- retary of the Vermont Senate for ten years, and was also clerk of several con- stitutional conventions. At the time of his death in 1868 he was assistant sec- retary of the United States Senate.
Jedediah Holcombe established a paper called the Voice of Freedom at Montpelier, and after several years removed it to Brandon, where it was issued June 29, 1843, and ceased to exist June 15, 1847. It was devoted to the anti- slavery and liberty parties.
The Vermont Union Whig - an organ of the Whig party - was established at Brandon by William C. Conant and Samuel M. Conant, and edited by the latter. It began in 1847 and was removed to Rutland in 1859, and soon after ceased to exist. Samuel Mills Conant was born in Brandon, read law and be- gan practice in his native town. He was assistant clerk of the House of Rep- resentatives in 1849 ; assistant secretary of the Senate in 1850, and afterwards secretary for several years. Samuel C. Conant is now editor of a monthly magazine in New York city.
The Brandon Post, a Democratic sheet, was printed by Patrick Welch, from October 4, 1849 to 1850.
The Vermont Tribune, a Whig paper, was established by William C. Rog-
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HISTORY OF RUTLAND COUNTY.
ers, January 4, 1850, and published about a year, when it was discontinued and the office sold and taken out of the State.
The Western Vermont Transcript had a brief existence in this place of less than a year, in 1856. It was Republican in politics and was published by Julius H. Mott and Rev. A. C. Rose.
The N. E. Christian Advocate, a Methodist journal, was published by Revs. A. C. Rose and William Ford, for one year, beginning at the close of 1857.
The N. E. T'isitor, of the same character as the last named paper was pub- lished by Rev. William Ford from January 6, 1859 to March 7, 1861.
The Brandon Gasette was published one year, beginning May 30, 1861, by Hiram Truss; it was a Republican sheet.
The Brandon Monitor, published by D. L. Milliken, was first issued July II, 1862, and continued one year ; Republican in politics.
The Vermont Record, Republican, also published by Mr. Milliken, was be- gun July 17, 1863, and in a short time was removed to Brattleboro.
The Brandon Union was started on the 30th of November, 1872, as an in- dependent local journal, by Albion N. Merchant, with Hiram M. Mott as ed- itor. The establishment has since that date passed consecutively through the hands of Mott & Tobin, Hiram M. Mott, Mott Brothers, Norman A. Mott, Hiram M. Mott, Stillman B. Ryder, who is the present publisher. The paper is now prosperous and ably conducted.
On the 20th of October, 1876, David C. Hackett, who had been engaged in the publication of the Black River Gazette at Ludlow, removed his estab- lishment to Brandon and issued the first number of the Otter Creek News, which he has successfully conducted to the present time.
Danby. - The Otter Creek Valley News was first issued in Danby in Sep- tember, 1878, being printed at Bennington, and published by J. C. Williams ; it was issued every Friday, independent in character. Its publication was dis- continued in 1880.
Wallingford .- During a part of the time between the years 1855 and 1860 a small sheet was published at Wallingford by P. H. Emerson and Amasa Bishop, called the Local Spy.
In 1877 the Wallingford Standard was established by Addison G. Stone ; it was continued to 1880, a part of the time under the control of S. Sabin. The printing was done at Bennington and Brandon.
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MEDICAL SOCIETIES AND THE PROFESSION.
CHAPTER XVI.
MEDICAL SOCIETIES AND THE PROFESSION.
The Castleton Medical College - Organization, Members of Corporation, Officers, etc. - First Medical Society - County Medical Societies- The Present Society and its Officers - Castleton Med- ical Society - Castleton Medical and Surgical Clinic - Society of Alumni of Castleton Medical College - The Rutland Dispensary - Biographic Memoranda in the Various Towns-Dr. James Porter - Dr. Lorenzo Sheldon - Dr. Ezekiel Porter - Dr. James B. Porter - Dr. Cyrus Porter - Dr. Hannibal Porter - Dr. James Ross - Deceased Physicians of the Various Towns outside of Rutland.
T HE medical institutions and members of the profession in this county have been and now are of such a character as to demand only the highest com- mendation. Even while the country was comparatively new, ministers of the healing art settled among the inhabitants in the various towns, whose profes- sional attainments were most excellent for that period, and whose personal characters were beyond reproach. To a brief description of the institutions founded by them and biographic notes of the more prominent of those who have passed away, this chapter is devoted.
The Castleton Medical College. - This institution was chartered by the General Assembly on the 29th of October, 1818. The names of Selah Grid- ley and Theodore Woodward appear in the act of incorporation. In accord- ance with the law the corporation met on the 7th of December, 1818, in Cas- tleton, and Selah Gridley was made president; Theodore Woodward, vice- president. and Thomas Matthews, secretary.
The corporation provided for one course of medical lectures annually, of eight to twelve weeks, and three reading terms of twelve weeks each. Selah Gridley was assigned to the chair of theory and practice and materia medica ; Theodore Woodward to that of surgery and obstetrics; and Thomas P. Mat- thews to that of anatomy, physiology and chemistry.
In October, 1819, an act was passed by the Assembly conferring on the in- stitution power to confer degrees ; and by another act of November 7, 1822, the name of the corporation was changed to the "Vermont Academy of Medicine."
The first course of medical lectures was delivered during the winter of 1818-19, and the last course in the spring of 1861. There were no lectures delivered in 1838 and 1839. Up to and including the year 1824 there was only one course of lectures annually ; in 1835-36-37 there were two courses each year; 1842 to 1859 inclusive, there were two annual courses, spring and fall ; in 1860 and 1861 there was only one course delivered each year.
The following were members of the corporation at different periods of its existence : Selah Gridley, original corporator, and resigned in 1825. Theo-
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HISTORY OF RUTLAND COUNTY.
dore Woodward, original incorporator, and continued to his death in 1840. T. P. Matthews, A. M., 1819 to 1820. Hon. C. Langdon, A. M., 1819 to 1830. Rev. Elihu Smith, 1819 to 1831. Leonard E. Lathrop, A. B., 1819 to 1829. John Meacham, 1819 to 1839. John Goodwin, 1819 to 1825. James Adams, 1819 to 1854. Hon. Zimri Howe, A. M., 1819 to the close. T. P. Batchelder, A. M., M. D., 1819, resigned in 1822. Joseph A. Gallup, A. M., M. D., 1820 till his resignation in 1824. Amos Eaton, A. M., 1820 to 1822. Jonathan A. Allen, M. D., 1822 until his removal in 1829. William Anderson, M. D., 1823 to 1824. Rev. Ethan Smith, 1823 to 1827. Hon. C. K. Williams, A. M., 1823 to 1830. Henry Howe, A. M., 1825 to 1827. William Tully, A. M., M. D., 1827 to 1839. Benjamin F. Langdon, A. M., 1828 to the close. Joseph Perkins, M. D., 1829 till his resignation in January, 1857. Selah H. Merrill, A. M., 1830 to his death in 1839. Samuel Moulton, esq., 1830 to 1839. Orlando N. Dana, 1830 to his resignation in 1839. Jonathan Don Woodward, M. D., 1839 to the close. Chester Spencer, 1839 to the close. Aruna W. Hyde, 1838 to the close. M. G. Langdon, esq., 1838 to 1854. Ezekiel Buel, esq., 1830 to his resignation in 1838. Oliver R. Harris, 1838 to his death in 1860. Timothy W. Rice, 1838 to his resignation in 1841. Israel Davey, 1838 to his resignation in 1846. Isaac T. Wright, 1839 to his resig- nation in 1857. Dr. Horace Green, 1839 to his resignation in 1841. James McClintock, 1841 to December 30, 1843, when the corporation by vote de- clared his connection with the institution severed. E. S. Carr, 1842 to his res- ignation in 1853. Middleton Goldsmith, 1845 to his resignation in 1857. Dr. William Sweetzer, 1852 to his resignation in 1860. C. L. Ford, 1852 to his resignation in February, 1862. Moses Jackman, 1850 to the close. A. G. W. Smith, 1852 to 1858. B. F. Adams, 1854 to the close. Dr. A. T. Wood- ward, 1854 to his resignation in September, 1860. Ferrand Parker, 1857 to the close. Willard Childs, M. D., 1857 to his resignation in 1858. C. M. Wil- lard, 1858 to the close. Carlos S. Sherman, 1858 to the close. Charles Shel- don, 1860 to the close. Dr. Charles L. Allen, 1860 to the close.
Presidents of the Corporation .- Selah Gridley, December 7, 1818, to De- cember 6, 1819. J. P. Batchelder, December 6, 1819, to December 10, 1820. Joseph A. Gallup, December 10, 1820, to December 20, 1824. Chauncy Langdon, December 20, 1826, to December 20, 1827. William Tully, De- cember 18, 1827, to November 14, 1837. John Meacham, November 14, 1837, to March 27, 1838. William Tully, March 27, 1838, to October 4, 1839. Dr. Horace Green, October 4, 1839, to August 30, 1841. Dr. James McClintock, August 30, 1841, to his removal by the corporation, December 30, 1843. Joseph Perkins, August 30, 1843, to February 25, 1857. Middle- ton Goldsmith, February 25, 1857, to November 14, 1857. Willard Childs, November 14, 1857, to May 28, 1858. Chester Spencer, May 28, 1858, to the close.
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MEDICAL SOCIETIES AND THE PROFESSION.
Secretaries of the Corporation .- Thomas P. Matthews, December, 17, 1818, to March 4, 1819. Theodore Woodward, March 4, 1819, to December 18, 1821. Zimri Howe, December 18, 1821, to November 21, 1832. B. F. Langdon, November 21, 1832, to November 25, 1834. S. H. Merrill, No- vember 25, 1834, to November 14, 1837. O. N. Dana, November 14, 1837, to December 2, 1839. T. W. Rice, December 2, 1839, to October 5, 1841. 1. Davey, October 5, 1841, to November 20, 1844. E. S. Carr, November 20, 1844, to November 21, 1854. A. T. Woodward, November 21, 1854, to May 7, 1857. B. F. Adams, May 7, 1857, to the close.
Medical Faculty .- Selah Gridley, professor of theory and practice of med- icine and materia medica, 1818 to 1820, and medical jurisprudence in 1820. Theodore Woodward, professor of surgery and obstetrics, and diseases of wo- men and children, 1818 to 1839. L. Leronte Cazier, A. M., professor of chemistry, anatomy and physiology, 1818 to 1819. Thomas P. Matthews, A. M., professor of chemistry and anatomy, 1819 to 1820. John P. Batchelder, M. D., professor of anatomy and physiology, 1819 to 1821. Amos Eaton, professor of botany, chemistry and natural philosophy, 1820 to 1825. Joseph A. Gallup, professor of theory and practice and materia medica, 1820 to 1823. William Anderson, professor of anatomy and physiology, 1822 to 1824. Jon- athan A. Allen, professor of materia medica and pharmacy, from 1822 to 1829. William Tully, M. D., professor of theory and practice of medicine, 1824 to 1839. Alden March, professor of anatomy and physiology, 1825 to 1834. Lewis C. Beck, professor of botany and chemistry, 1826 to 1832. Amos Eaton, professor of natural philosophy, 1826 to 1828. Solomon Foote, professor of natural philosophy, 1828 to 1833. John D'Wolf, professor of chemistry and natural philosophy, 1833 to 1839. James H. Armsby, professor of anatomy and physiology, 1835 to 1839. Horace Green, professor of
theory and practice of physics, 1839 to 1841. Joseph Perkins, professor of materia medica and obstetrics, 1839 to 1857. James Hadley, professor of anatomy and pharmacy, 1839 to 1841. Robert Nelson, professor of anatomy and physiology, 1839 to 1840. James Bryan, professor of surgery and med- ical jurisprudence, 1839 to 1841. James McClintock, professor of general, special and surgical anatomy, 1841 to 1843. Frank H. Hamilton, professor of principles and practice of surgery, 1841 to 1842. C. L. Mitchell, professor of physiology, general pathology and operative obstetrics, 1841 to 1845. David M. Reese, professor of theory and practice of medicine, 1841 to 1843. William C. Wallace, professor of ophthalmic anatomy and surgery, 1841 to 1842. William Mather, professor of chemistry and pharmacy, 1841. Will- iam P. Russell, professor of medical jurisprudence, 1842. Alfred C. Post, professor of ophthalmic anatomy and surgery, 1842 to 1843. Ezra S. Carr, professor of chemistry, natural history and physiology, 1842 to 1853. Samuel Parkman, professor of descriptive and surgical anatomy, 1843 to 1845. Mid-
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HISTORY OF RUTLAND COUNTY.
dleton Goldsmith, professor of the principles and practice of surgery, 1845 to 1857. Thomas M. Markoe, professor of descriptive and surgical anatomy. 1846 to 1849. Solomon Foote, professor of medical jurisprudence, 1844 to 1846. C. L. Ford, professor of anatomy and physiology, 1849 to 1860. William C. Kittridge, professor of medical jurisprudence, 1846 to 1858. George Hadley, professor of chemistry and natural history, 1853 to 1855. Adrian T. Woodward, professor of obstetrics and diseases of women and chil- dren, 1856 to 1860. Albert Smith, professor of materia medica and thera- peutics, 1857. William P. Seymour, professor of materia medica, 1857 to the close. E. C. Sanborn, professor of surgery, 1857 to the close. P. Pineo, professor of medical jurisprudence, 1859 to the close. P. D. Bradford, profes- sor of physiology and pathology, 1859 to the close. Charles L. Allen, pro- fessor of chemistry and natural history, 1855 to 1856. George Hadley, pro- fessor of chemistry and natural history, 1856 to the close. Charles L. Allen, professor of theory and practice of medicine, 1860 to close. William Sweet- ser, professor of theory and practice of medicine, 1843 to 1860. Ralf Gow- dry, professor of medical jurisprudence, 1839 to 1843.
Presidents of the Faculty .- Selah Gridley, 1818 to 1819. John P. Batch- elder, 1819 to 1820. Joseph A. Gallup, 1820 to 1824. William Tully, 1824 to 1839. Horace Green, 1840 to 1841. James McClintock, 1841 to 1843. Joseph Perkins, 1843 to 1857. C. L. Ford, 1857. William Sweetser, 1857 to 1860. Charles L. Allen, 1860 to close.
Registrars of the Faculty .- Thomas P. Matthews, 1818 to 1819. Theodore Woodward, 1819 to 1839. Joseph Perkins, 1840 to 1842. E. S. Carr, 1842 1843. George Hadley, 1854. The dean of the faculty acted as registrar from 1854 to 1856. A. T. Woodward, 1856 to 1860.
First Medical Society. - The first medical society ever organized in the State held its first meeting at the house of Joseph Munn, innholder, at Rut- land, in August, 1795, at which Dr. Ezekiel Porter was made chairman ; Dr. Benjamin Walker, clerk; Drs. Samuel Shaw, Daniel Reed and Benjamin Walker, censors. Messrs. Enos Bell and Jonathan Shaw were examined by said censors and recommended. Dr. John Sargent, of Pawlet, was the first president of the society.
County Medical Societies. - There was a County Medical Society organ- ized in this county during the first quarter of the century, and probably as early as 1812; but the records are lost, or destroyed, and little is known of its career. It is believed to have been a prosperous organization for many years, particularly during the lifetime of the Drs. Porter, who took a deep interest in all matters pertaining to the profession. But in later years interest in the society seems to have decreased, and not long after 1860 the organization was allowed to die out. For more than ten years the county was without a medi- cal society, until the organization of the second one in February, 1877.
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MEDICAL SOCIETIES AND THE PROFESSION.
The Rutland County Medical and Surgical Society was organized in Feb- ruary, 1877, at Castleton. Dr. J. D. Hanrahan, of Rutland, was the first presi- dent ; Dr. A. T. Woodward, of Brandon, was elected president in July, 1877, and re-elected in 1878 ; Dr. H. R. Jones, of Benson, was elected president in July, 1879; Dr. L. D. Ross, of Poultney, was elected president in July, 1880. Dr. John M. Currier, of Castleton, was elected secretary when the society was organized, and re-elected every year until 1880, when Dr. E. D. Ellis, of Poultney, was chosen to the office. The meetings of the society have been held every three months for the past three years on the shores of Lake Bombazine. Before that the meetings were held in Hydeville, with the exception of the meeting in 1877, which took place in Rutland. The society has been con- stantly growing in members and usefulness since its organization. The annual meeting is usually held in July, and after the exercises of the day the mem- bers make excursions to Neshobe Island and to other resorts on the lake.
Since the year 1880 the successive presidents of the society have been as follows : 1881, L. H. Cochran, West Rutland. 1882, James Sanford, Castle- ton. 1883, L. E. Wakefield, Fairhaven. 1884, E. A. Pond, Rutland. 1885, C. W. Peck, Brandon.
The secretaries have been as follows : 1881, E. D. Ellis, Poultney. 1882- 83, R. Lape, Fairhaven. 1884, J. H. King, Rutland. 1885, J. P. Newton, Benson.
The censors at the time of its organization were J. D. Hanrahan, Rutland ; J. Sanford, Castleton, and L. D. Ross, Poultney. The present officers, inclu- ding censors, are as follows : President, C. W. Peck, Brandon ; vice-president, E. D. Ellis, Poultney ; secretary, J. P. Newton, Benson ; treasurer, C. C. Nichols, Castleton ; censors, E. D. Ellis, Poultney ; D. Fosburgh, West Rut- land, and J. H. King, Rutland.
Castleton Medical Society. - This society was organized December 21, 1819, by the students of Castleton Medical Academy. They met every even- ing during the session of medical lectures. One of the members was appointed to lecture at 6 o'clock in the evening. The professors of the academy were honorary members. January 4, 1821, they passed a resolution to buy a cabi- net for the purpose of commencing a collection of specimens of natural history, and having a place to store them. It seems that this was the commencement of the large cabinet of Castleton Medical College. N. Farnes was the first president and A. Kellogg the first secretary. It continued in active operation two years. The following note was appended to the records of the society :-
"Thus died the Castleton Medical Society. - It has been of great benefit to its members and might have continued so coeval with the Medical Institu- tion, had not private jealousy preyed upon its members and expelled the spirit of constitution. Sic transit gloria mundi. J. PERKINS."
Castleton Medical and Surgical Clinic. - This organization was made by
24
HISTORY OF RUTLAND COUNTY.
the physicians of Castleton and vicinity for the purpose of furnishing to poor people medical advice and surgical assistance free. Meetings were held on the first and third Mondays of each month at 2 o'clock p. m., at the offices of the different members. Special meetings were held at other times when occasion required it.
This clinic was organized in August, 1879. Dr. J. N. Northrop has held the office of president, and Dr. John M. Currier the office of secretary since its organization. The discussion of medical subjects was a great advantage to the members of the organization, while it served to create more fraternal feeling among them. Such cases in surgery as are usually sent to the cities for treat- ment are enabled to receive assistance at home at a small outlay, without in- curring any risk in traveling.
The Society of Alumni of Castleton Medical College. - This society was organized June 6, 1843. The annual meeting was held on the last day of the spring session ; the semi-annual meeting on the last day of the autumnal ses- sion. The first officers were Joseph Perkins, president, Josiah N. Northrop, secretary, Egbert Jamieson, treasurer. This society continued in active opera- tion until the school was discontinued in 1862.
The Rutland Dispensary. - This institution was chartered by the Legisla- ture and consists of a building and lot in Rutland village, the building contain- ing six consulting rooms. The library contains about 2,500 volumes and is valuable, covering all departments of the science. The dispensary is equipped with every instrument needed for any surgical operation, with apparatus for the investigation and treatment of disease. This is a free gift to the dispensary, and cost about $10,000. There are to be the following departments: Out- door patients, Dr. Gilchrist ; diseases of women, to which Dr. Woodward is appointed ; diseases of the skin, vacant; diseases of the eye and ear, Dr. Put- nam; diseases of children, Dr. Fox; diseases of the heart and arteries, Dr. Pond; diseases of the chest and respiratory passages, Dr. Ellis ; diseases of the nervous system, vacant ; diseases of the joints and deformities, vacant ; surgi- cal operations, Dr. Goldsmith. The plan of the dispensary is, first, to give to the poor gratuitously the advice of experts; second, to raise up a corps of medical men who will become real experts. Medicines, as well as advice, are dispensed gratutitously to all comers. Dr. M. Goldsmith was chiefly instru- mental in establishing the institution.
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