USA > Wisconsin > Langlade County > History of Langlade County, Wisconsin, from U. S. government survey to present time, with biographical sketches > Part 13
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ANTIGO MILITIA LEAGUE.
The Antigo Militia League was organized April 18, 1917, two weeks after war was declared. Henry Hay was elected President; Edward Cody, Vice President ; Fred L. Berner, Secretary, and J. C. Lewis, Treasurer.
The object of the league was to promote the organ- ization of an Antigo military unit; to give moral and financial aid to the unit in its embryo stages. An executive committee consisting of G. J. Quigley, R. B. Johns, S. B. Ullman, Fred L. Berner, and John Hanousek, was appointed. The Antigo Militia League applied for state aid for an armory under the Wilcox Law after John Hanousek, a member of the executive
committee, purchased the Antigo Opera House and presented it to the city for an armory. This work, to- gether with a great patriotic meeting, May 16, 1917, when Col. Guy D. Goff and General Charles King spoke and the organization of Company "G," 4th Wis- consin Regiment, practically completed the purpose of the Militia League.
The Antigo Militia League performed a commend- able service in an anxious time in the history of Lang- lade County.
CITIZENS' TRAINING CAMP.
The Antigo Citizens' Training Camp, a home mili- tary unit, recognized in war on an equal status with the state militia, was organized October 26, 1917. A Board of Governors consisting of C. J. TeSelle, James Cody, S. B. Ullman, J. D. Mylrea, and Fred L. Berner was appointed. J. D. Mylrea was elected Captain, C. J. TeSelle, 1st Lieutenant, and Edward Faust, 2nd Lieutenant of the unit. Captain Mylrea resigned shortly after his selection. C. J. TeSelle then became Captain, Edward Faust, 1st Lieutenant, and Charles Cody, 2nd Lieutenant.
The Citizens' Training Camp drilled regularly and performed a service of importance at home. The or- ganization took its oath and was inspected by a repre- sentative of the Adjutant General. No definite ter- mination was made of the home guards, as they were called. Drill ceased when war ended.
ORIGINAL ROSTER OF THE 107TH TRENCH MORTAR BATTERY AS COMPANY "G" 4TH WISCONSIN INFANTRY.
Captain-O. A. Miller. First Lieutenant-Otto F. Berner. Second Lieutenant-Vernon J. Quigley. First Sergeant-Frank T. Lynde. Supply Sergeant-Harry Zuehlke. Mess Sergeant-William E. McNamara. Stable Sergeant-Louis J. Maybee.
Sergeants-Robert C. Dewey, Hermis F. Dionne, Robert E. Mattmiller, George A. Bates, Raymond R. Clegg, William L. Andrews, Floyd E. Fitzgerald.
Buglers-Ralph H. Berner, Earl W. Huntoon.
Corporals-Abner J. Rolo, Frank A. Cherek, Harvey E. Goebel, Leonard Rolo, Lester N. Parkhill, George E. Brown, Harry L. Zwickey, Howard E. Beldin, Wil- liam H. Wessa, Alex P. Skibba, Joseph Wojtasiak, Frank L. Smith, Joseph Rath, Frank C. Fischer, Amos J. Maltby, Edward J. Bernier, James I. Prosser.
Privates, 1st Class-Albert B. Arnold, Willard J. Bernier, Orlin G. Brandow, George E. Buerger, George G. Edee, Frank D. Fierst, Ira D. Finley, Frank W. Fischer, Roy Goodwill, Daniel D. Hayes, Francis A. Hersant, Clarence Horn, Charles W. Hotchkiss, Rich- ard A. Hugunin, Nestor C. Humblet, Roy A. Joles, Edward H. Koles, John B. Maltby, Bert L. Mayerl, Edwin Menting, Bernard Miller, Anson G. Mueller, Neal A. McArthur, Terrence A. McCann, Hugh B. Nelson, Edmond Noel, Clarence H. Nowotny,
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HISTORY OF LANGLADE COUNTY.
Thomas F. O'Brien, William E. Page, William Pas- suelo, Jay W. Plopper, George A. Rabideau, George P. Rath, Amos A. Rice, William I. Rice, Walter B. Scott, Frank Skibba, Reese D. Sparks, Orson F. Stone, Leland F. Tollefson, Raymond J. Wagner, Julius N. Weinberg, Ira Zwickey.
Privates-George P. Ackerman, William W. Adget, Joe Alft, Harry Alm, William F. Auclair, Frank J. Bahr, William T. Ballard, Edward D. Bardwell, Ed- ward Blaha, James Blaha, Edward G. Blahnik, Joseph F. Blahnik, Harry H. Bohse, Charles Bonnell, John F. Borowczyk, Leo M. Bowens, Harold D. Bovet, Mar- tin J. Brennan, Robert S. Brown, Ray L. Carpenter, Joseph F. Chadek, Stanley A. Christian, Benjamin H. Clark, Henry Cornelius, Charles Couveau, Wallace Curran, Lyle A. Dalton, Roy E. Drew, Arleigh L. Dudley, Frank Fischer, Frank J. Gugla, Leo J. Glugla, William D. Grigson, Andrew M. Halminiak, Bernard R. Hogan, Anton W. Homola, Fayett M. Hopkins,
Peter Schramke, George Schwentner, John W. Seis, Earl W. Shanks, Archie W. Shannon, Vernon F. Shan- non, Frank Spychalla, Otto Tiegs, Roy J. Thompson, Harold C. Tenant, Ora N. Tidd, Grant J. Turney, Jr., Joseph M. Van Dyke, Adles A. Willams, Hilery B. Wineberger, Emil H. Wojan, Walter Wojeck, George A. Zehner, John D. Zemske, Joseph A. Zima, John B. Zodrow.
COMPANY G, 4TH WISCONSIN.
The application for creating an Antigo military unit was forwarded to the Adjutant General, Orlando Hol- way, at once after the necessary volunteers had en- listed and other arrangements made. April 22, 1917, at the Antigo High School, sixty-five recruits were sworn into service as soldiers of Company G., 4th Wis- consin National Guard. Otto A. Miller was elected temporary Captain, Otto F. Berrer, temporary 1st
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(). A. MILLER Captain of original Co. G. Promoted to Major October 1, Overseas from February 17, 1918 to January
1918. 1. 1918. Major Miller participated in the Alsace defensive. Chateau-Thierry. Juvigny and Mnese-Argonne battles. Major Miller was awarded the Croix de Guerre for bravery by the French Government.
Lynn E. Hull, Joseph V. Jagla, Frank Janness, August Jaster, Richard Kaplanek, Frank H. Keen, Andrew Kielhofer, Louis Klinner, George Kolerus, Walter Ko- zarek, Frank J. Kotavy, George A. Kotchi, Frank W. Kubiaczyk, John A. Lebek, Joseph Leindecker, Felix Lepinski, Cyril D. Leslie, Gordon Maloney, Roscoe Manning, Frank Manthey, George E. Martin, Richard H. Martiny, Cliff Middleton, Clarence C. Morse, George W. Mulhern, Frank Muraski, Frank J. Novak, William H. Now, Erwin Nowotny, Charles Olson, Frank Opichka, Burnie L. Orr, Francis E. Othrow, William Peters, Samuel Potts, Floyd C. Rath, Merrit W. Reader, Wallie Remington, Hiram W. Renfro, William Rief, Alfred Robinson, William Schielke,
OTTO F. BERNER
Captain of the 107th Trench Mortar Battery, was 1st Lieutenant of the original Co. G. Ile was promoted October 16, 1918. Captain Berner enlisted April 21, 1917 as a private. lle served overseas from February 17, 1918 to February 27. 1919 and participated in the Alsace defensive, Chateau-Thierry, Juvigny and Muese-Argonne battles.
Lieutenant, and Vernon Quigley, temporary 2nd Lieu- tenant. Captain Miller was permanently commission- ed May 17, 1917. Lieutenants Berner and Quigley were permanently commissioned July 12, 1917.
The new company drilled at the ball park in ear- nest from July 15, 1917, to August 11, 1917, when it was ordered to Camp Douglas, Wisconsin. Amid im- pressive scenes and farewells that were heart-rending, the boys entrained. Thousands of people were at the Antigo depot at seven o'clock that eventful morning to bid farewell to Langlade County's military unit. Who knew but what they would not return?
Company G conducted itself admirably at Camp Douglas, from which place it was ordered to Camp
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HISTORY OF LANGLADE COUNTY.
McArthur, Waco, Texas (with the 32nd Division). The 4th, 5th, and 6th Wisconsin regiments were re- organized at Camp McArthur and Company G be- came the 107th Trench Mortar Battery.
107TH TRENCH MORTAR BATTERY.
The 107th Trench Mortar Battery was a unit of the 57th Field Artillery Brigade. Lieutenant Otto Ber- ner was ordered to Ft. Sill, Oklahoma, to take a three months' field artillery course. The battery left Camp McArthur February 8, 1918, proceeded to Camp Merrit, N. J., and on February 16, 1918, boarded the U. S. S. President Grant and a day later sailed from New York harbor. They arrived at Brest, France, March 4, 1918. While Langlade County citizens were aware that the Antigo unit would sail soon, they did not know it had embarked from New York until noti- fication of the unit's safe arrival at Brest was given out by the War Department.
From Brest the battery proceeded to Pontinazian Barracks and after a few days' rest marched to Camp de Coetquidan, near Guer, France. Some of the An- tigo soldiers were ill and remained at Brest. Private Ora N. Tidd, son of Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Tidd of Neo- pit, Wisconsin, a member of the 107th, died at Brest in March, 1918. He was 26 years old at the time of his death. He enlisted July 18, 1917.
The 107th Trench Mortar Battery evacuated Camp de Coetquidan for the Alsace Sector, near the Swiss border, June 10, 1918. Captain Miller and Lieuten- ants Berner and Quigley returned May 10, 1918, to the 107th headquarters, after attending a trench mor- tar school at Langres en Marne. Lieut M. V. Griscom of Chattanooga, Tennessee, had charge of the battery during their absence.
IN ALSACE-REESE SPARKS KILLED.
The 107th was in action in the Alsace Sector on June 29, 1918, and it was here that Reese Sparks fell fighting for his country. Reese Sparks, first Langlade County soldier to be killed in action, was the son of Mr. and Mrs. George Sparks of Olive Hill, Kentucky, and enlisted in the Antigo unit in June, 1917.
ALFT AND BALLARD KILLED.
The 107th Trench Mortar Battery was located in a French fort and attached to French Mortar Batteries while in the Alsace Sector. Here Joseph Alft and Thomas Ballard were killed by a premature explosion on July 8, 1918. Joseph Alft was the son of John Alft of Shawano, Wis. He enlisted April 23, 1917. Thomas Ballard was the son of Mr. and Mrs. John Ballard, Elton, Wis. He was born August 12, 1895, and enlisted May 6, 1917. John Baetz and Jackimo Gambino of Detroit, Michigan, were wounded by the same explosion.
AT CHATEAU THIERRY.
July 20, 1918, the 107th Trench Mortar Battery was ordered to Chateau Thierry and there participated in the Vesle River engagement. The unit used captured
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A TRENCH MORTAR Used by the 10 th Trench Mortar Battery in the World War.
German trench mortars in the skirmish. The 107th was under fire from July 27 to August 23, 1918, while in this section. When not in the lines the men were engaged in burying the dead and in salvage.
CORPORAL L. A. TOLLEFSON KILLED.
In the Vesle River engagement, where the Ameri- can army won undying glory by pushing the German army back for miles, Corporal Leland Tollefson was killed on August 17, 1918. He was delivering an im- portant message to brigade headquarters in the Cha- teau Thierry Sector and sacrificed his life while on that duty. Corporal Tollefson was the son of Mrs. A. M. Tollefson and was born May 30, 1894.
IN THE ARGONNE FOREST.
August 25, 1918, the 107th moved north of Soissons, just previously captured by the French and Ameri- cans. September 15, 1918, the battery was ordered to the historic Argonne forest. The unit arrived at its destination September 24, 1918. The battery was split into two groups and assisted two French mortar bat- teries in the Argonne offensive, which was launched with a terrific attack upon the Germans September 26, 1918. The end of war was now in sight, as the German army was retreating all along the entire front.
107TH OFFICERS PROMOTED.
On October 1, 1918, Captain O. A. Miller was pro- moted to rank of Major and assigned to a trench mor- tar battalion. Fifteen days later Lieutenants Berner
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HISTORY OF LANGLADE COUNTY.
and Quigley were promoted to Captain and First Lieu- tenant respectively.
The 107th Trench Mortar Battery assisted the 89th Division Trench Mortar Batteries in a drive against the Germans at Bantherville, twenty miles northwest of Verdun, October 25, 1918. Thirteen days later, November 17, the Antigo unit left the front lines.
November 9, 1918, the 57th Field Artillery Brigade was ordered to Bar Le Duc because of a shortage of horses needed to haul battery equipment. The bat- tery equipment of the 107th was disposed of at Vitrey in December, 1918, and the Langlade County soldiers were now ready to embark for America. Joy spread over the entire unit at the thought of home and loved ones. But it was a long wait ahead of the now sea- soned veterans of the greatest war in history before they would trod on American soil.
The 107th was detained at Angers, France, in the early part of January, 1919. Angers is a short dis-
James A. Cody, Charles W. Fish, William H. Brown, C. J. TeSelle and Fred L. Berner, were in charge of the great celebration, program and parade. Langlade County made it a holiday such as the children of its citizens of the coming generations will ask questions.
Thousands of mothers, weary and overstrained be- cause of war, sweethearts, wives, fathers, brothers and sisters beseiged the passenger coaches of that historic train. The Antigo band struck up the tune "On Wis- consin" as the boys stepped from the train. Rousing cheers were given them from the huge mass of hu- manity. It was a day Langlade County will not for- get. God had delivered back to the folks at home the soldiers who had bid farewell August 11, 1917. They marched to the Antigo Armory where John Han- ousek had prepared a regular meal, "the kind mother makes," for them. And although Uncle Sam fed his soldiers the best, the 107th soldiers thought much more of "what mother cooked."
RETURN OF THE 10TH TRENCH MORTAR BATTERY May 17, 1919, thousands of relatives and friends greeted the boys, who served in the World War, as they marched down Fifth Avenue, Antigo, Wis. Antigo has never since been in such gala attire. It was a notable event in the history of Langlade County.
tance from St. Nazaire and here the 107th was on detail duty until the early part of April, when orders to proceed to St. Nazaire for embarkation were given.
HOMEWARD BOUND.
April 20, 1919, the 107th boarded the U. S. S. Mer- cury and ten days later, April 30, 1919, landed at Philadelphia. The boys were mustered out of serv- ice at Camp Grant, Ill., on May 15, 1919, and arrived in Antigo on a special train at 11.30 a. m., May 17, 1919.
THE GREAT WELCOME HOME.
Never in the history of Langlade County will there be witnessed such a welcome as that accorded the valiant soldiers of the 107th Trench Mortar Battery. The flag-bedecked special train pulled into Antigo near noon. The citizens' committee, consisting of
TWO PROGRAMS.
After the monstrous parade, second to none in the county's history, was reviewed by civic leaders and Civil War veterans, two programs were given. The Armory program was presided over by Judge T. W. Hogan and that in the Beavers' Hall was presided over by Judge J. W. Parsons. Officers and men of the battery talked of their experiences and sang trench songs. When the program closed that evening the boys began at once to turn their attention to the arts of peace, and, like Cinncinnatus, took up their tasks where they left off almost two years before.
THE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE.
The Langlade County Council of Defense was or- ganized April 10, 1917, with the following member- ship chosen by the State Council of Defense: Chair- man, Leonard Freiburger; M. T. Canfield, Food Ad-
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HISTORY OF LANGLADE COUNTY.
ministrator ; C. J. TeSelle, Secretary; Agricultural De- partment, F. G. Swoboda; Transportation, G. J. Quig- ley; Banks, W. B. McArthur; Red Cross, Edward Cody; Labor, Edward Gibbons; Press, Fred L. Ber- ner; Public Nurse, Elizabeth Cornish; Women, Mrs. H. V. Mills; Executive Committee, Leonard Freibur- ger, Edward Cody and C. J. TeSelle.
The Council of Defense had as its many duties registration of the Antigo Militia unit, supplying or- ganization and expense for the war registration, en- couraging food production and conservation, distribu- tion of funds to various committees and aided in meet- ing all labor emergencies, promulgated ideals of loyalty and Americanism, furnished speakers to every Lang- lade County community in all war drives, co-ordinated the women organizations to war conditions, gave their support to the State Council of Defense in mobiliza- tion, executed the supply, distribution and welfare of labor in the county, acted to curb disloyalty and sedi- tion, assisted U. S. secret service agents in a campaign of education among the few who were disloyal, pro- vided for the protection of public health, assisted the federal government in floating the various loans and war drives, encouraged community and patriotic sing- ing with the aid of rural and city schools, distributed wheat and corn seed in car lots with the aid of the county agent, the Farmers Co-operative store and Hirt Brothers Milling Company, cared for the food and fuel supplies of the county, aided War Savings Stamp and Red Cross drives, executed the Victory Fund drive, and received whole-hearted support from the public in the "war garden and back yard poultry flock" cam- paigns of 1917.
C. J. TeSelle, District Attorney, Edward Cody, Postmaster, and W. J. Gallon were the local committee that acted on all sedition charges.
The Langlade County Board unanimously approved the action of the Council of Defense and without soli- citation appropriated money to aid it. The Council of Defense automatically ceased its work six months after armistice day. Thirty-four cases of disloyalty were reviewed by the organization. Apprehension of slackers was accomplished by the U. S. District At- torney through the local committee.
FIRST MEN TRANSPORTED.
The first men transported by the Council of Defense was November 1, 1917, when John Chadek, Charles Dean, William Schatschneider, Edward Boerner, Lad- die Bierczynski and Earl Hodgson joined a group of volunteers at Rhinelander and proceeded to Texas.
HISTORIC POSTERS.
The Council of Defense was charged with register- ing every male inhabitant of draft age. Governor E. L. Philipp was anxious that Wisconsin be first to report complete registration. He sent the following wire to C. J. TeSelle through the State Council of Defense : "Every point must be worked out carefully in each
precinct. Wisconsin must be first"-Melville, State Council of Defense.
The Langlade County Council then posted large cards everywhere bearing the words: "Work or Fight," "Register or go to Jail." The State Historical Society has one of each of the posters in its archives.
C. J. TeSelle was appointed Government Appeal Agent by President Wilson at the opening of the war and was honorably discharged March 31, 1919. He worked with the Board of Exemption.
FOUR-MINUTE SPEAKERS.
C. J. TeSelle, T. W. Hogan, J. W. Parsons, W. J. Gallon, Fred L. Berner, Arthur Goodrick, Henry Hay, Robert M. Dessureau, F. J. Finucane, Charles H. Avery, T. J. Reinert, A. N. Whiting, H. Morson, E. A. Morse, A. M. Arveson and F. G. Swoboda.
OTHER WAR ACTIVITIES.
Antigo had a Labor Bureau in charge of A. A. Gar- land and much was accomplished by it. The United States Public Service reserve was represented in Lang- lade County during the war by Edward Cody. A. M. Arveson had charge of the Boys' Working Bureau. Peter Krier had charge of the bureau for returning soldiers and sailors as early as December, 1918. The Community Labor Board consisted of the following members: Peter W. Krier, Charles W. Fish, Esther English, for employers; Fred W. Luebke and Miss Althea Wade for employes. Peter Krier was examiner and John H. Menting, junior examiner of the Antigo war employment office. County Fuel Administrators were: R. Koebke, James Cody and C. H. Avery suc- cessively. Food Administrators for Langlade County in order of service were: Charles Metcalf, M. T. Can- field, David Stewart and Mose A. Jansen. F. J. Finu- cane had charge of the war history work for the Wis- consin War History Commission in Langlade County. The County Non-War Construction Committee con- sisted of Endre Norem of Bryant, Leonard Freiburger and Mose Jansen of Antigo.
LEGAL ADVISORY BOARD.
The Langlade County Legal Advisory Board ren- dered efficient service gratuitous to drafted men in filling out questionairres. The board had the following membership: Chairman, Henry Hay, Charles Avery and Arthur Goodrick. They were often assisted by other citizens, including members of the bar, school officials and ministers.
BOARD OF EXEMPTION-SELECTIVE SERVICE LAW.
The Selective Service Law, section four, authoriz- ed the creation of a Board of Exemption in each county in the State or one board for every thirty thou- sand inhabitants in a large city. The Board of Exemp- tion of Langlade County was appointed by President Wilson, membership consisting of the following: J. C.
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HISTORY OF LANGLADE COUNTY.
Lewis, Valentine P. Rath, Miss Carrie Collins, Fred Jacobus, Henry Hersant, Edward F. Buchen, Dr. J. C. Wright and F. J. Finucane (deceased).
The Board of Exemption had power to hear and de- termine, subject to review, all questions of exemption under the Selective Service Act and all questions or claims for including or discharging individuals from selective draft, made under rules and regulations prescribed by the President, except for persons who, under the provisions of the Selective Service Act, were legally exempt because of their being engaged in in- dustry or agriculture found necessary to the mainten- ance of military forces and national interest during the emergency.
DRAFT PLAN CHANGED.
The original draft method was changed in Septem- ber, 1917, and all future registrants were required to fill out questionairres in which general questions rela- tive to physical fitness, citizenry, divinity, military service, federal or municipal service, dependency, re- ligious conviction against war, industrial and agricul- tural occupation and numerous other matters were an- swered.
Draft ages were extended to all youths who had at- tained twenty-one years of age between June 5, 1918, and August 24, 1918. Registration took place August 24,1918.
THE BOARD OF EXEMPTION OF LANGLADE COUNTY.
J. C. Lewis.
Valentine P. Rath. Miss Carrie Collins. Fred Jacobus.
The order of military liability of registrants was determined by lottery. The serial numbers of all reg- istrants drawn for service were published in local pa- pers. Notice was given at once to registrants. This list was often referred to as the "red ink list." The local Board of Exemption fulfilled the purpose of the Selective Service Law in leaving at home in national interest, married men who were actually supporting families.
Henry Hersant. Edward F. Buchen.
Dr. J. C. Wright. F. J. Finucane.
September 12, 1918, all Langlade County male in- habitants not in service between the ages of eighteen and forty-five registered in accordance with a state executive proclamation.
THE LAST DRAFT.
November 11, 1918, news and rumors were current in Antigo that the armistice was signed. The local
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HISTORY OF LANGLADE COUNTY.
Board of Exemption was instructed to proceed, how- ever, with mobilization of men who were ordered to embark for camps beginning with the five day period starting November 11. A telegram, as follows, was re- ceived by the local board: "Work of Local Boards will proceed uninterruptedly." About four o'clock in the afternoon of November 11, 1918, a telegram was re- ceived at the local exemption board cancelling the last draft contingent that would in a few hours have been on "their way to camp" had not these words- "armistice signed -- cancel draft," been received.
The Exemption Board thereupon gradually complet- ed its work in the county. A total of 4,579 regis- trants were passed upon during its existence. The total registration on June 5, 1917, was 2,024; June and August, 1918, total registration in Langlade County was 180 men; September 12, 1918, 2,555 were regis- tered. Of those registered in Langlade County 530 were accepted at camp, 611 were chosen for general service, 38 were classed as remediables, 47 were plac- ed in limited service, 51 were disqualified from serv- ice, 680 were granted deferments because of depen- dency claims, 122 because of agriculture claims, and 20 because of industrial service.
VICTORY FUND.
The Langlade County Victory Fund Campaign, or- ganized to consolidate all war drives without waste or unnecessary effort, into one great fund raising cam- paign, was launched July 14, 1918. The organization perfected to raise this fund was under the supervision of the Council of Defense of Langlade County. Offi- cers and trustees held office for one year and directed the disbursement of funds upon orders approved by the Executive Committee. The total amount collect- ed during the campaign was $33,506.98, of which $25,000 was collected by the time the armistice was signed. The first subscription was $25 by the Com- munity Welfare Association. Charles W. Fish con- tributed the largest individual subscription of $500. With the exception of $1,349.25 used for remodeling the Armory, $334.02 appropriated for the homecom- ing celebration of the Langlade County Soldiers, $8,771.96 turned over to the local Red Cross Chapter, together with a small amount for current expenses, the balance was turned over to the state headquarters of the United War Work Campaign at Milwaukee. Organizations participating in the Victory Fund were Y. M. C. A., Y. W. C. A., National Catholic War Council, K. of C., Jewish Welfare Board, War Camp Community Service, American Library Association and Salvation Army.
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