USA > Wisconsin > Rock County > The History of Rock County, Wisconsin: Its Early Settlement, Growth, Development, Resources, Etc. > Part 46
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188
Kenosha ..
281
814
42
33
514
544
D.
30
La Crosse.
671
351
41
1085
1549 D.
464
Manitowoc
349.
284
17
R.
61.
660
512 R. 148
Menasha ..
146
311
D.
165
291
344| D.
53
Milwaukee ...
4816
5027
1050
D.
2110
8218
9625| D. 1407
Mineral Point.
260:
249
21 R.
11
348
324| R.
24
Neenah
115
146
876 G.
230
511|
385| R.
126
New London.
84
125
118| D.
41|
206
208. D.
Oconto ..
270.
311
6| D.
41
899
506. D. 107
Plymouth
69
127
28! D.
58
Portage.
245'
405
7| D.
160
866
532 D.
166
Prairie du Chien
155;
267
3| D.
112
215
377| D.
162
Prescott ..
87
61
10 R.
26;
143
108 R.
35
Racine.
10521
921
82| R.
181
1672
1824 R.
348
Ripon
270
239
33 R.
31|
397
333
R.
64
Shawano ..
55:
781
13; D.
18
87
83| R.
4
Sheboygan
248'
440
68:
D.
192
575
873; D.
298
Stevens Point.
252
270
145|
D.
18
423
568
D. 140
Watertown
232
687
164|
D.
445
372
1295
D. 923
Waupaca
210
49
20
R. 161|
280
52 R. 228
Wsussu
761
170
300 G.
180
210
595! D. 885
18
1
1
D. R. D.
817
834
1262 D. 418
Oshkosh.
7:24.
9541
375
D.
230
1496
1910: D.
414
Oconomowoc
1721
167
24i R.
222
238| D. 16
Madison.
712 740.
1057
13
67
D.
Fort Howard.
2068
2238
R. 1025|
2080
548 R. 1532
Winnebago
R.
D.
D.
Eau Claire ..
Fond du Lac ..
G.
3
R.
D.
6
.
POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES.
STATES AND TERRITORIES.
Area in square Miles.
POPULATION.
Miles R. R. 1872
STATES AND TERRITORIES.
Area in square Miles.
1870.
1875.
Miles R. R. 1872.
States.
States.
Alabama .
50,722
996,992
1,671
Pennsylvania
46,000
3,521.791
5.113
Arkansas ..
52.198
484.471
Rhode Island.
1,306
217,353
258.239
186
California.
188.981
560,247
1,013
South Carolina.
29.385
705.606
925,145
1.201
Connecticut ..
4.674
537.454
820
Tennessee.
45,600
1,258,520
1,520
Delaware ..
2.120
125,015
927
Texas ..
237,504
818.579
865
Florida ..
59.268
187.748
466
Vermont
10.212
830.551
675
Georgia.
58.000 1.184,109
2.108
Virginia.
40.904
1,225.163
1,490
Illinois
55,410 2,539.891
5,904
West Virginia ...
23,000
442,014
485
Indiana.
33.809 1,680,637
8.529
Wisconsin
53,924
1,054.670
1,236,729
1.725
Iowa ..
55,045 1.191.792 1,350.544 3.150
Total States
1,950,171 38,113,253
59,587
Kentucky
37.600 1,821,011
1,123
Louisiana
41.346
857.039
539
Territories.
Maine ...
31.776
Arizona
113.916 104,500
39.864
392
Massachusetts ..
7.800 1.457.851 1,651.912 1,606
Dakota
147,490
14,181
Michigan"
56,451 1,184,059 1,334,031 2,235 83.581 439.706
Idaho.
90.932
14.999
Mississippi
47,156
827.929
990
Montana.
143.776
20.595
Missouri ..
65.350 1.721,295
2,580
New Mexico.
121,201
91.874
86.786
375
New Hampshire.
9.280
318.300
790
Wyoming.
93.107
9.118
498
New Jersey
8.320
906,096 1,026.502
1.265
North Carolina ..
50,704 1.071,361
1,190
Ohio ...
39.964 2,665,260
3,740
Oregon
95,244
90,923
lo9 Aggregate of U. S .. 2,915,203 88,555,988 60,852
. Last Census of Michigan taken in 1874.
. Included in the Railroad Mileage of Marylard.
PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD; POPULATION AND AREA.
COUNTRIES.
Population.
Date of Census.
Area in Square Miles.
Inhabitants to Square Mile.
CAPITALS.
Population.
China.
446.500,000
1871 1871
3.741,846
119.3
Pekin.
1,648,800
British Empire.
226.817.108
4.677.432
48.6
London.
3,251,800
Russia ...
81,925,490
1871
8.003,778
10.2
St. Petersburg
667,000
United States with Alaska.
38.925,600
1870
%,603,884
7.78
Washington
109,199
France ..
36.469.800
1866
204.091
178.7
Paris ..
1.825,300
Austria and Hungary
35,904,400
1869
240.348
149.4
Vienna
833,900
Japan ..
34.785,800
1871
149.399
232.8
Yeddo ...
1.554.900
Great Britain and Ireland
31.817,100
1871
121,815
262.3
London
3,251,800
German Empire, Italy
87.439.921
1871
118,847
230.9
Rome ..
244,484
Spain
16.642.000
1867
195 775
85.
Madrid
332.000
Brazil.
10.000.000
3.253.029
8.07
Rio Janeiro.
420.000
Turkey
16.463.000
672.621
24.4
Constantinople Mexico
210.300
Sweden and Norway.
5,921,500
1870
292.871
20.
Stockholm.
186,900
Persia.
5,000,000
1870
635,964
7.8
Teheran.
120.000
Belgium
5.021,300
1869
11.373
441.5
Brussels.
314,100
Bavaria.
4.861,400
1871
29,292
165.9
Munich
169.500
Portugal
3.995.200
34,494
115.8
Lisbon.
224.063
Holland
3.688,300
12,680
290.9
Hague.
90,100
Chili
2,000,000
1869
15.1
Santiago.
115.400
Switzerland
2.669.100
1870
166.9
Berne.
36,000
Peru,
2.500,000
1871
471,838
5.3
Lima ..
160,100
Bolivia.
2.000.000
497.821 871,848
2.1
Buenos Ayres.
177.800
Danmark.
1.784,700
1870
14.753
120.9
Copenhagen.
162,042
Venezuela.
1,500,000
368,238
4.9
Caraccas
47.000
Baden ..
1,461.400
1871
5,912
247.
Carlsruhe
36.600
Greece
1.457.900
1870
19.353
75.3 28.9
Guatemala
40,000
Ecuador.
1,300,000
218.928
5.9
Quito
70,000
Paraguay.
1.000.000
1871
63.787
15.6
Asuncion ..
48.000
Hesse
823.138
2.969
277
74.9
Monrovia .
3,000
San Salvador
600.000
1871 1871
7.835
81.8
Sal Salvador ....
15.000
Hayti.
572,000
10,205
56.
Port au Prince.
20,000
Nicaragua ..
350,000
1871
58.171
6.
Managua ..
10.000
Uruguay ..
300,000
1871
66.72º
6.5
Monte Video
44,500
Honduras .
350,000
1871
17.092
2.4
Comayagua
12,000
San Domingo
136.000
17,827
2.6
San Domingo.
20.000
Costa Rica.
165.000
1870
21.505
San Jose ..
2,000
Hawall ....
62.950
7.633
80
Honolulu
7.633
4
Chuquisaca
25,000
Argentine Republic.
1.812,000
1869 1871
7.533
241.4
Stuttgart
91.600
Wurtemburg
1.818.500
1868 1870 1870
357,157 132.616
8.4
Bogota ..
45,000
New Grenada.
3.000.000
1871
160,207
187.
Berlin .
825.400
Nevada
112,090
42,491
246,280 52.540
593
Washington.
69,944
23,955
New York ...
47.000 4.382.759 4.705.208
4.470
Total Territories.
965,032
442,730
1,265
Nebraska ...
75.995
123,993
828
Utah
80.056
131,700
Minnesota
598,429
1,612
Dist. of Columbia.
60
9.658
Maryland
11,184
780,894
820
Colorado.
Kansas.
81,318 364,399
528,349
1,760
POPULATION.
30.000
Liberia.
718.000
9,576
Darmstadt
43.400
Guatemala
1.180,000
1871
40.879
Athens ....
1,075,000
Mexico.
9.173.000
1869
761,526
...
15.992
29.906.092
726.915 626,915
1870.
1875.
Ellis Doty- DECEASED. JANESVILLE.
HISTORY OF ROCK COUNTY.
CHAPTER I.
TOPOGRAPHY - ELEVATIONS-WATER POWER OF ROCK RIVER -SPRINGS - ARTESIAN WELLS- GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS-ST. PETER'S SANDSTONE-TRENTON LIMESTONE-GALENA LIME- STONE-THE GLACIAL FORMATIONS.
TOPOGRAPHY.
When Southeastern Wisconsin first emerged from the ocean, it doubtless presented an essen- tially plane surface, having a slight inclination to the east and southeast. The inequalities which it now presents are due to subsequent changes, the results of three classes of agents, acting at different times and under different conditions.
1. During the long ages between the emergence of the land and the drift period, the streams were cutting their beds deeper and deeper into the rock, and rendering the former level surface more and more irregular. The softer rocks were more readily eroded than the harder ones, and this helped to increase the unevenness. There was a tendency of the streams, so far as the slope favored, to follow the less resisting belts of soft rock, and, as these run in a northerly and south- erly course in this region, the main streams had that direction. The little streams gathered into the larger ones in a manner not unlike that by which the branches of a tree are united into the trunk. The unevenness of surface produced by erosion of this nature possesses a certain kind of system and symmetry readily recognizable. As this erosion occupied the time preceding the glacial period, we may conveniently designate the features produced by it, pre-glacial. We have the best example of this kind of surface conformation in the lead region, over which the drift forces did not act, and which has not been resubmerged, so that we have the results of this class of action pure and simple. As we proceed eastward into the region of drift action in the central part of the State, these features are modified more and more by the results of glacial action, until in Eastern Wisconsin they become wholly obscured, except in their grander outlines. Rock County lies midway between the extremes.
2. The modifications of the surface constituting this first class of topographical features were produced by running water ; those of the second class, which were formed next in order of time, were caused by ice, in the form of glaciers, it is confidently believed, and by the agencies brought into action through their melting. The work of the ice was twofold : first, in the level- ing of the surface, by planing down the hills and filling up the valleys ; and second, in the cre- ation of a new; uneven surface, by heaping up in an irregular and promiscuous manner the clay, sand, gravel, and bowlders it had formed, thus giving the surface a new aspect. Among the features produced by the action of the ice, are parallel ridges, sometimes miles in length, having the same direction as the ice movement, hills of rounded flowing contour, sometimes having a linear arrangement in the direction of glacial progress, mounds and hummocks of drift promis-
. cuously arranged on an otherwise plane surface, oval domes of rock (roches moutonees), sharp
A
310
HISTORY OF ROCK COUNTY.
gravel ridges, often having a tortuous serpentine course, transverse to the drift movement, pecu- liar depressions known as "kettles," and half-submerged rock gorges, known as "fiords," all of which combine to form a peculiar and distinctive surface contour. The melting of the ice mass gave rise to swollen lakes and flooded rivers, which eroded at some points and filled up at others, and so still farther modified the face of the country. All these peculiarities, being the result, directly or indirectly, of the ice action, may be denominated glacial features.
3. Subsequent to the glacial period, the wearing action of the streams was resumed, but under somewhat new conditions, and carved out a new surface contour, the features of which may be termed post-glacial.
To the agencies, ice and water, assisted slightly by winds, the topographical peculiarities of the county are chiefly due. There is no evidence of violent eruptions, upheavals or out- bursts. There was, indeed, the gradual elevation and depression of the surface, and probably some little flexure of the crust ; but the region has been free from violent agitation, and owes none of its salient topographical features to such causes.
Having thus briefly considered the general methods by which the present aspect of the county was produced, we may now more satisfactorily examine its special features.
No part of Wisconsin can properly be said to be mountainous, nor does it, over any considerable area, sink to a dead level. It presents the golden mean in a gently undulating, diversified surface, readily traversible in all directions by the various highways of com- munication.
Setting aside minor details, the State presents two general slopes-a short, abrupt declivity northward to Lake Superior, and a long, gentler incline southward. Through the center of this southward slope there extends a moderate north and south elevation, or arch-a low anti- clinal axis-giving a southeasterly and southwesterly inclination to the strata on either side.
Rock County lies nearly on the summit of this low arch, or, to speak more exactly, its western line does ; while the rest of the county belongs to the eastern slope. The general inclina- tion of the surface of the county is, however, decidedly southward. The valley of Rock River runs southerly through the center of the county, and at the point where it leaves the State is only about one hundred and fifty feet above the surface of Lake Michigan. The surface on either side of this valley slopes toward it. This includes all the county, except the south- western corner, which drains into Sugar River.
In the immediate vicinity of Rock River there is an extensive plain, Rock Prairie, three to five miles wide, with prolongations extending further back from the river at certain points. There is also a similar level area bordering Sugar River ; but with the exception of these and some minor areas, the surface of the county is gently undulatory or moderately rolling. At s few points facing the streams there are abrupt cliffs, but the amount of surface too steep for cultivation is very small.
ELEVATIONS.
Having disposed of the salient features of the topography of the Rock River Valley, atten- tion is naturally directed to its minor characteristics. A consideration of these will be confined, in this connection, to Rock County. Among the most instructive are the elevations of different points. The figures indicate the altitude in feet above Lake Michigan. By adding 589 feet to those of any given point, the result will be the elevation above the ocean.
Township 1 North, Range 10 East (Avon) .- Section 5, northeast quarter, 272 feet ; Sec- tion 5, southeast quarter, stream, 192 feet ; Section 9, southwest quarter, 320 feet; Section 13, southwest quarter, 327 feet ; Section 13, bottom of Galena limestone, 330 feet ; Section 18, southeast corner, 318 feet ; Section 22, southwest quarter, 245 feet ; Section 25, southwest quarter, slough, 171 feet.
Township & North, Range 10 East (Spring Valley) .- Oxford Station, 313 feet ; Section 2, middle, east line, 350 feet ; Section 3, north line of northeast quarter, 418 feet; Section 3, southeast quarter, 334 feet; Section 3, southwest quarter of southwest quarter, 314 feet ;
311
HISTORY OF ROCK COUNTY.
Section 4, northwest quarter, stream 291 feet ; Section 4, 338 feet ; Section 4, southwest quarter, flat, 253 feet ; Section 4, southeast quarter of southeast quarter. 352 feet; Section 9, center, 321 feet ; Section 11, northeast quarter, 423 feet ; Section 11, southwest quarter, 342 feet ; Section 11, hill, 396 feet ; Section 12, center, north half, 389 feet ; Section 12, southeast quarter, flat, 283 feet ; Section 12, outcrop, 301 feet ; Section 13, middle, north line, 300 feet; Section 15, southeast quarter, 321 feet; Section 17, southeast quarter, stream, 215 feet ; Section 18, south- east quarter, Taylor's Creek, 204 feet ; Section 19, northwest corner, 220 feet; Section 21, northeast quarter of northwest quarter, railroad, 236 feet; Section 24, east line of southeast quarter, 405 feet ; Section 28, northeast quarter, 296 feet; Section 33, southeast quarter, 268 feet ; Section 34, northwest quarter, Galena limestone, 345 feet ; Section 34, northwest quarter, summit, 394 feet ; Section 34, south line southwest quarter, 336 feet.
Township 3 North, Range 10 East (Magnolia) .- Magnolia Station, 340 feet; Section 6, middle, west line, northwest quarter, 354 feet ; Section 6, middle, west line, 285 feet; Section 6, southwest quarter, flat, 286 feet ; Section 6, southwest quarter, 309 feet ; Section 6, south- west quarter, Allen's Creek, 278 feet ; Section 6, southeast quarter, 360 feet ; Section 7, south- east quarter, 433 feet ; Section 7, southeast quarter, road, 323 feet ; Section 7, southeast quarter, top of ledge, 450 feet ; Section 9, northwest quarter, Allen's Creek, 292 feet; Section 23, north- west quarter, 339 feet ; Section 26, southwest quarter, 384 feet ; Section 26, southwest quarter, summit, 441 feet; Section 28, southwest quarter, 339 feet; Section 34, northwest quarter, 432 feet.
Township 4 North, Range 10 East ( Union) .- Evansville Station, 325 feet ; Section 1, northwest corner, 321 feet; Section 1, northeast quarter of northeast quarter, mill, 238 feet ; Section 2, northwest corner, 336 feet; Section 2, northwest quarter, 339 feet ; Section 2, north- west quarter, stream, 288 feet; Section 4, northwest quarter, 379 feet ; Section 5, northeast quarter, 379 feet ; Section 6, northwest corner, railroad, 400 feet ; Section 6, west half, marsh, 377 feet ; Section 6, southwest corner, 427 feet; Section 7, northwest quarter, 442 feet ; Sec- · tion 10, west half Union village, 375 feet ; Section 12, northwest quarter, hill, 412 feet ; Section 12, near center, 298 feet ; Section 13, northwest quarter, stream, 293 feet; Section 14, center, east half, 339 feet ; Section 18, middle, west line, stream, 382 feet ; Section 18, southwest quar- ter, flat, 368 feet; Section 19, southwest quarter, 391 feet; Section 19, northwest corner, 382 feet ; Section 22 (est.), 407 feet ; Section 26, southeast quarter, 334 feet ; Section 26, near northeast corner, 389 feet; Section 29, center south half, flat, 367 feet ; Section 30, southeast quarter, well, 402 feet; Section 30, southwest quarter, valley, 345 feet; Section 30, near center, west line, 336 feet; Section 31, northeast quarter, 383 feet ; Section 31, northeast quarter, summit, 423 feet ; Section 31, southwest quarter, 290 feet ; Section 33, near center, stream, 352 feet ; Section 34, near northwest corner, 400 feet.
Township 1 North, Range 11 East (Newark) .- Section 1, northeast quarter, spring, 258 feet ; Section 1, southwest quarter, 362 feet; Section 3, northwest quarter, 328 feet ; Section 10, middle west line, 342 feet ; Section 11, southwest quarter, 357 feet ; Section 11, southwest quarter, hill, 379 feet ; Section 13, west line, near middle, 313 feet ; Section 13, southeast corner, 263 feet ; Section 13, southeast quarter, flat, 193 feet ; Section 14, northwest quarter, 305 feet ; Section 14, southwest quarter, 331 feet; Section 15, southwest quarter, stream, 296 feet ; Section 16, southeast corner of southwest quarter, 244 feet ; Section 16, southwest quarter, Coon Creek, 183 feet ; Section 20, middle south line, ridge, 318 feet ; Section 24, northeast quarter, stream, 196 feet; Section 25, center west half, 252 feet ; Section 25, southeast quarter, 274 feet; Section 28, northeast quarter, creek, 190 feet ; Section 29, northeast quarter, quarry, 222 feet ; Section 31, center east half, 222 feet ; Section 31, near center, 263 feet; Section 31, west of center, 275 feet; Section 31, west half, 249 feet; Section 32, center, 281 feet ; Section 33, near center, 207 feet ; Section 33, middle west line, 220 feet; Section 33, bottom of out- crop, 245 feet ; Section 34, center ridge, 207 feet ; Section 35, center, creek, 144 feet.
Township & North, Range 11 East ( Plymouth) .- Hanover Junction, 209 feet ; Section 1, southwest quarter, 261 feet ; Section 9, northeast corner, railroad, 225 feet ; Section 28, middle west line, 395 feet; Section 33, northeast corner, 342 feet; Section 35, middle west line, 412 feet.
312
HISTORY OF ROCK COUNTY.
Township 3 North, Range 11 East (Center) .- Section 9, stream and marsh, 293 feet ; Section 16, northeast quarter, 363 feet ; Section 16, center, 364 feet ; Section 20, northwest quarter, 400 feet ; Section 21, center, northwest quarter, 389 feet; Section 32, northeast quarter, 354 feet ; Section 33, northwest corner, 339 feet ; Footville Station, 238 feet.
Township 4 North, Range 11 East (Porter) .- Section 1, northeast corner, 284 feet; Sec- tion 3, northeast quarter, Catfish River, 196 feet ; Section 3, north line, northwest quarter, 265 feet ; Section 3, southwest quarter, stream, 196 feet ; Section 5, northeast corner, 247 feet; Section 5, middle north line, northwest quarter, 261 feet; Section 6, middle east line, 261 feet; Section 9, northwest quarter, 250 feet; Section 9, middle east line, northeast ,quarter, 260 feet.
Township 1 North, Range 12 East (Beloit) .- Section 3, southwest quarter of southwest quarter, 196 feet ; Section 6, near center west line, 200 feet ; Section 6, southwest corner hill, 309 feet ; Section 10, east line, northeast quarter, 152 feet; Section 10, northeast quarter, 180 feet; Section 10, near center, 273 feet; Section 10, southeast quarter, 200 feet ; Section 10, south line, southeast quarter, 302 feet ; Section 17, near center, 314 feet; Section 17, northwest quarter, 228 feet ; Section 18, southeast corner, 225 feet ; Section 18, south line, hill, 260 feet ; Section 19, center west half, 264 feet; Section 26, northwest quarter, 193 feet; Section 27, near center, 197 feet ; Section 28, middle south line, 251 feet; Section 28, Hyde's place, 233 feet ; Section 28, summit, Hyde's, 275 feet ; Section 29, northeast quarter, creek, 189 feet; Section 30, southeast corner, 167 feet; Section 31, center, creek, 144 feet; Section 33, middle west line, 210 feet ; Section 34, northwest quarter, Hanchett's quarry, 213 feet; Section 34, southeast quarter of northwest quarter, 201 feet; Section 34, middle west line, 236 feet ; Sec- tion 35, southeast quarter, 161 feet ; Section 36, near center, southeast quarter, 176 feet ; south line College Campus, 192 feet ; Iodo-Magnesian Springs, 177 feet.
Township & North, Range 12 East (Rock) .- Afton, 206 feet ; Section 7, northeast quarter. summit, 306 feet ; Section 8, northwest quarter, railroad, marsh, 265 feet; Section 20, middle west line, Bass Creek, flat, 183 feet ; Section 21, middle west line, 206 feet.
Township 3 North, Range 1º East (Janesville) .- Janesville fair grounds, 295 feet ; Janes- ville Station, 240 feet.
Township 4 North, Range 12 East (Fulton) .- Newville bridge, 208 feet; Edgerton Station, 242 feet; Section 3, center north line, 251 feet; Section 4, center north half, 232 feet ; Section 5, center south line, 173 feet; Section 5, south line, southeast quarter, 284 feet; Section 6, northwest quarter, 240 feet ; Section 10, southwest quarter, 219 feet.
Township 1 North, Range 13 East ( Turtle) .- Crest of hill, east of Beloit, 405 feet ; Sec- tion 5, level, Rock Prairie, 217 feet ; Section 9, northeast quarter, 227 feet; Section 9, north- west quarter of southeast quarter, 225 feet ; Section 13, southeast quarter, 330 feet ; Section 13, middle south line, southwest quarter, 306 feet ; Section 15, northeast corner, 222 feet ; Section 16, center, 223 feet; Section 19, center, 202 feet ; Section 21, middle south line, 228 feet ; Section 22, northwest quarter, 270 feet ; Section 22, northeast quarter, 280 feet; Section 22, north half, near railroad cut, 302 feet; Section 22, bottom of Galena exposure, 246 feet; Section 22, summit of hill, 276 feet; Section 23, northeast quarter, 280 feet; Section 28, middle east line, 325 feet; Section 29, near center, 218 feet ; Section 31, northeast corner, 211 feet ; Section 31, north of center, 188 feet; Section 32, center north half, 229 feet ; Sec- tion 33, northeast corner, 266 feet.
Township ? North, Range 13 East (La Prairie) .- Section 13, middle west line, 271 feet; Section 16, middle west line, 242 feet.
Township 3 North, Range 13 East (Harmony) .- Section 2, northwest quarter, 344 feet. Township 4 North, Range 13 East (Milton) .- Milton Station, 293 feet; Milton Junction, 299 feet ; ridge south of Milton Junction, 318 feet ; Section 10, southeast corner, 216 feet; Section 22, center east half, hill, 375 feet ; Section 25, southeast quarter, 307 feet ; Section 26, southeast quarter, 303 feet ; Section 30, northeast quarter, 289 feet; Section 30, northwest quarter. 255 feet.
1
313
HISTORY OF ROCK COUNTY.
Township 1 North, Range 14 East (Clinton) .- Section 2, east half, 370 feet ; Section 2, southwest quarter, 352 feet ; Section 9, center, 373 feet; Section 10, northwest quarter, 362 feet ; Section 17, Clinton Junction, 364 feet ; Section 18, northeast quarter, 338 feet.
Township & North, Range 14 East (Bradford) .- Hill west of Fairchild, 325 feet. Township 3 North, Range 14 East (Johnstown) .- Level of Rock Prairie, 316 feet. Township 4 North, Range 14 East (Lima) .- Section 6, southeast quarter, marsh, 243 feet ; Section 13, northeast quarter, 307 feet ; Section 14, southeast quarter, 316 feet ; Section 18, near middle west line, 248 feet; Section 21, southeast corner, 301 feet; Section 22, Lima Station, 310 feet ; Section 23, middle north half, 305 feet ; Section 23, west line, 308 feet ; Section 30, east line, 311 feet.
WATER POWER OF ROCK RIVER.
The entire area drained by Rock River and its tributaries in Wisconsin is three thousand six hundred and thirty-five square miles. From the Table of Rainfall, at Milwaukee, given in Dr. Lapham's report (Geol. of Wis., Vol. II). it appears that the average rainfall for the thirty years previous was 30.27 inches, which may be assumed as at least approximately correct for the Rock River Valley. The average fall for some portions of Wisconsin is given in Gen. Humphrey's work on the hydraulics of the Mississippi, at thirty-five inches. But reckoning at thirty inches, the rainfall upon the drainage area under consideration, would be 253,344,960,000 cubic feet. Now, it is asserted by various authorities, based on experience, that one-half the rainfall can be utilized. This would give 126,672,480,000 cubic feet per annum. Mr. Ruger says : " From personal observation, and after consulting many authorities as to rainfall, springs, evapo- ration, filtration, etc., I estimate that the total annual quantity of water passing in Rock River at the State line, including Turtle Creek, is 98,437,536,000 cubic feet," which may be regarded as a safe estimate. The daily supply by this estimate would be 269,691,879 cubic feet. We need next to ascertain what is the average descent of this volume. Some of it falls over six hundred feet, while other portions practically no distance. The average elevation of the rim of the basin above the point where the river leaves the State is about two hundred and fifty feet, its average distance about fifty miles, showing an average fall of about five feet per mile. But. this is less to the point than the following :
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