USA > West Virginia > Pendleton County > A history of Pendleton County, West Virginia > Part 44
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The North was bent on maintaining the bond of union, and on unifying the political, social, and industrial system of the country. The South, obeying a local rather than a national instinct of self-preservation, attempted to maintain its insti- tutions as they were. The invasion of its soil brought the small landholder to the side of the planter, the same as an invasion of the United States by a foreign power would unite all Americans in defense of their homeland. Moreover, this invasion carried the menace of the overthrow of local self- government, a jewel of liberty dear to every Saxon heart. Aware that it could expect no sympathy from abroad, save in the aristocractic circles of Europe, the South fought with a sad, fierce courage that as the sequel proved was not in vain.
The victory of the North, by securing the abandonment of the theory of state supremacy, insured the complete national- izing of the Union. By doing away with slavery it opened a short path to the reconstitution of Southern society on prac- tically the same lines as obtain in the North. In short it unified America, politically, socially, and industrially, and made the United States a nation in fact as well as in name. The Southern defense guaranteed the early restoration of the right of local government, and it served notice on the whole nation that the pendulum of centralization must never be allowed to swing to an extreme. The National cause vin- dicated the first part of the proposition that the Union is "an indisoluble union of indestructible states." The Con- federate cause vindicated the latter part of the same propo- sition.
An interval of political reconstruction was to be expected. That it lasted ten years and became a dark chapter in our national history is in great degree due to the murder of
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Lincoln. The intense anger of the North allowed men of narrow and fanatic mould to step into the foreground and masquerade as statesmen. Men of the type of Lincoln did not propose to turn society upside down, nor did they con- template a speedy and wholesale enfranchisement of a class of people wholly unfit for the duties of citizenship. The South had fought the more desperately because the party abolitionist had talked of amalgamation and social equality. In the crazy raid of John Brown there was opened a vison of servile insurrection and social ruin. Such an outcome the Southern people were justified in resisting to the very end. Yet the responsibility of the North in this matter has been exaggerated. On its part there was an ignorance of the actual conditions that time has been steadily removing.
In our day the thought of American warring against American is all but impossible. The Americans of a half century ago were a young aggressive nation, conscious of their power and too impetuous to leave the brushing aside of an obstacle to the hands of time. Individually they were pugnacious. School children were unruly and their teacher governed by physical power. The congressmen of 1860 went armed, and their warm words were often the warmer through their general use of liquor. So after the typical American fashion the North and South threw off their coats and fought out their differences. In doing so they acquired a respect for each other's manhood and determination that they did not possess before. War leads to an intoxication of the passions, and with so much of the rough pioneer impulse yet alive there is little cause for wonder that unseemly incidents took place. That there were also many instances of gen- erous conduct is because there was on each side a manly de- votion to patriotic interest.
The superior strength of the Northern organization was shown in the fact that the North kept at work throughout the war and gained in wealth. But the agricultural South could no more stand the test of commercial blockade than a horse can stand on one leg. The South lay prostrate in 1865, not because the gallantry of her soldiers had failed, but be- cause her extemporized manufactures could not meet the emergency. Had the South been industrially diversified, or had it possessed and maintained a large marine, it would have wearied out the North.
Of his own accord the Confederate soldier proceeded to fulfill the vision of Washington that the two sections would arrive at a common standard of civilization. The rock of offense had been thrown down as by an earthquake, and he set about rebuilding his industrial and social edifice on prac-
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tically the same lines as those of his victorious rival. The spirit of a new day was at once observable in the Southland. The Southern newspapers of 1866 do not read like those of 1860. They give more space to the discussion of free schools, internal improvements, a better agriculture, and the dignity of labor. The general record of the South since 1865 has shown that its free participation in the modern era was its proper heritage. The population has increased more rapidly than before. The non-slaveholding element, once so cramped for want of room, is now in political control. The free school system is universal, and the South furnishes what it formerly did not; a large share of our American literature. The South alone is richer than was the entire nation at the outbreak of the war. Its per capita wealth is $815, as against $516 for the whole United States fifty years ago. In the words of Henry W. Grady of Atlanta, "The Old South rested everything on slavery and agriculture, a splendid and chivalrous oli- garchy gathering into its hands the substance that should have been diffused among the people. The new South pre- sents a perfect democracy, the oligarchs leading in the popu- lar movement, a social system less splendid on the surface but stronger at the core, a hundred farms for every planta- tion, and a diversified industry that meets the complex needs of this complex age."
When Abraham Lincoln, who perhaps understood the American character better than anyone else in his day, ob- served that "the Southern people. are what we would be in their places," he touched the core of the entire situation. This manly avowal did not carry a demand that the South should apologize for being honest. It did not impeach the Americanism of the Southern people. It did not deny that an upholding of the Confederate controversy was inconsis- tent with self-respect or with a sincerity and rectitude of purpose. It had no room for the bigoted theory that the se- ceded states should be held as conquered provinces. That men of the type of Lincoln were too much in eclipse during the reconstruction peoriod was due to the unfortunate lack of mutual acquaintance between the Northern and the South- ern people prior to the war; a condition that the contact of the battlefield could not at once remove.
Nature is never in a hurry. A war may precipitate a pro- found change, but the adjustment to that change is a work of years. The adjustment in the South is even yet incom- plete. Different political parties dominate the two sections because on either side of the old line there is a lingering doubt as to the real attitude of the other. So long as this feeling endures, each section takes refuge in party solidity.
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Being the exponent of the nationalistic North the Republican party could take root in the South only as transplanted there. This is why it has yet so little foothold in the South, except in those regions where the organization of society has always approximated the Northern type. On the other hand the Democratic party fell into disfavor in the North because of its conservative attitude in the controversy leading to the war, and ever since it has there been a minority party. But when the lingering suspicions have vanished into shadow, and especially when the race problem of the South has reached a point of stability, we shall then find two competing parties throughout the Union. What their names shall be is quite im- material. We shall also find the South assuming a propor- tionate share of influence in the Federal government.
The Northern and the Southern people of 1860 were all Americans and knew and loved no other country. In making a few changes in the Constitution of 1787 the people of the Confederacy proved their genuine Americanism. They were making it express clearly one of the two interpretations left open by the framers of that instrument. Had the Northern people been the seceders, they would undoubtedly have made the Constitution conform to the other interpretation. The patriotism of the Americans of to-morrow will not be measured by the circumstance that the ancestor of one was a soldier of Grant and the ancestor of another a soldier of Lee. As was remarked by General Stephen D. Lee, Ameri- can fought American in 1861, not because of any grudge but to settle a question of authority. "Out of that stupendous tragedy," continues this Confederate leader, "an inspiration has come that shall enoble and dignify the national life, and purify its vital currents from corruption long after the last soldier's silvery locks have been laid beneath the sod." And in the same strain spoke the Federal General Garfield; "No heroic sacrifice is ever lost. The characters of men are moulded and inspired by what their fathers have done."
The South is to-day the most American part of the Union. Its conservative spirit and its heritage of the admirable features of the plantation society are to act as a balance wheel to the more radical tendencies of the North and will prove a tower of strength to American institutions. In this new century the excessive industrialization of the North has checked the onward growth of democratic tendencies in that section, and it has called into being a new class privilege even more objectionable and dangerous than slavery itself. In this respect it is hardly too much to say that there has already been a partial change of front between North and South. Nationalizing the Union was not at all the same as commer-
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cializing it. The former was an idealistic aim, while the latter is a realistic aim.
To put the whole matter in a paragraph, the Federal Union was the work of two differing forces moving with unequal speed. These forces were tending to draw nearer together and finally to blend in one common stream. American impa- tience brought on a clash. The speedier force reached out and pulled forward the other. The war but hastened an in- evitable result, and it has quickened every pulse of the national life.
With respect to the great American war there is still a proneness to make one-sided statements in regard to num- bers, losses, and soldierly qualities. There is not always the intent to distort the truth. Yet oftentimes there appears an ignorance of the official records or an uncandid presentation of them. The result is harmful to the interests of good feel- ing, and in this matter each side is about equally at fault. Since the close of the struggle the military papers of the two armies have been collected. These have been studied and tabulated by men whose reputation would not permit them to garble the facts. Hence there is far less excuse than for- merly for repeating the guesses which were made before the records of the adversary were open to inspection. The truth is always better in the end than a half-truth.
As a trial of soldierly bearing there is little in the record of either army that will not stand an unprejudiced examina- tion. In holding out four years against great odds, the his- tory of the future will not withhold from the Confederate soldier his meed of gallantry, heroism, and fortitude. A prominent spokesman of the defeated side, addressing his own people, bestows this tribute on his former opponents : "He who would deny courage to the Federal soldiers and be- little their valor disparages the prowess and most brilliant achievements of our own Confederate soldiers, and detracts from their courage and their valor, and at the same time fur- nishes unmistakable evidence that he was not with those of us who tested the mettle of which they were made."
The North had a great advantage in its population and wealth, its command of the seas, and its workshops and trained mechanics. The South had a great advantage in the superior readiness with which its country-bred citizens were made into good soldieIs. Its generalship was also of a higher grade, and it had the moral advantage which any army enjoys when it is battling on its own soil. Further- more, the military critics of Europe did not believe it possible for one civilized foe to overrun the 800,000 square miles of ground belonging to another. Yet this very feat was
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accomplished by the North, whereas the South was never able to make a successful invasion of the North. A large preponderance of numbers on the part of the North was a military necessity, and its heavier losses came as a matter of course. When in any war the excess of loss falls on the de- feated party, it indicates very inferior fighting ability.
There were few foreigners in the Confederate army, sim- ply because there had been so little immigration to the South. The large immigration to the North caused 2-11ths of the Federals to be foreign-born. These were generally natural- ized or in course of becoming naturalized. Only a very slight percentage of the Federal soldiers could with any justice be termed mercenaries. As a practical question the war of 1861 was a war of American against American.
The enlistments in the Federal army were 2,778,000. The men actually furnished were approximately 2,200,000. The number of enlistments in the Confederate army, according to Woodrow Wilson, a Southern historian of the highest author- ity, was 900,000. The border states sent 275 000 men into the Federal army and 90,000 into the Confederate. The se- ceding states contributed nearly 58,000 enlistments to the Federal side, 4-7ths of these coming from Tennessee. The private soldiers contributed by the free states to the Confed- erate army were exceedingly few.
Having seldom a rear to protect, the South was able to put a larger portion of its strength on the line of battle. Its ef- ficiency was increased by the 4,000,000 negro laborers re- maining at home. The slaves thus reduced the practical difference between the 5,000,000 of Southern whites and the 22,000,000 of Northern whites. In the Northern army every man connected with it was counted. In the Southern there were reckoned only the men on the firing-line. The regi- mental and other minor organizations of the Confederate army were not generally so small as those of the Federal. Having fewer men the Southern leaders were until near the close of the war bolder in taking risks and they led their men more nearly to the limit of endurance.
Making allowance for the practice of counting the non- effectives as soldiers, the average ratio of Federal and Con- federates in 16 of the heavier battles was 4 to 3. In Lee's 8 greatest battles the ratio was 3 to 2. In none of the 16 was it quite so high as 2 to 1. In these 16 battles the pro- portion of loss was 13 Federals to 12 Confederates. Until the close of the war the South took more prisoners than it lost. On the Federal side the total loss of life from wounds and diseases was 360,000. On the Confederate side the total is not very definitely known, the estimates varying from
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210,000 to 300,000, and the probable number being about 240,000. The Federals suffered the greater loss from dis- ease, owing to their much greater number of men.
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS*
1. Who were the Shawnees and what were their charac- teristics ?
2. What is the Indian name of the south Branch and what does it mean?
3. How may we know the Indians had been in Pendleton a very long while?
4. Tell of Indian trails, especially the Seneca trail?
5. Why are the tales of lost lead mines without founda- tion in fact?
6. What are the elementary national stocks that peopled this county?
7. Whence, when, and how did the early German and Scotch-Irish elements come to America?
8. Who was Spottswood, why did he make his expedition, and what results came from it?
9. Tell about John Vanmeter.
10. Why was Pendleton settled mainly from the North?
11. Who was the first known settler of this county and where did he live?
12. What were the methods of acquiring land in Virginia between 1748 and 1800?
13. When was the settlement at Fort Seybert and by whom ?
14. What settlers arrived during the next five years and where did they locate?
15. When and where were the first public roads ordered?
16. How many people were in the United States in 1748?
17. Describe our country as it was then.
18. Give the causes of the French and Indian War.
19. Why did the Indians generally side with the French?
20. What had been the relations between the Indians and the South Branch settlers?
21. What do the letters of Washington show as to the con- dition of affairs on the South Branch ?
22. Tell of Fort Upper Tract.
23. Tell of Fort Seybert.
24. Who were carried away captive, and how did they get along among the Indians?
25. Give other incidents of the Indian war.
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26. When did the war close, and what was the effect on the settlement of this county?
27. Tell of the last Indian raid into Pendleton.
28. What settlers purchased land between 1759 and 1763?
29. What may be said of the sympathies of the Pendleton people in the Revolution?
30. What were hotel charges in the colonial period?
31. Of what county was Pendleton at first a part and until when?
32. When was this county authorized, and from what older counties was it taken ?
33. Where were the boundaries of Rockingham just before the formation of Pendleton?
34. Describe the three southern boundaries of Pendleton.
35. What is said of the number and distribution of the in- habitants at the time of organization; also the number of families?
36. When was the county organized and where?
37. Who comprised the first county court.
38. Sketch the lives of Robert Davis, Seraiah Stratton, Garvin Hamilton, James Dyer, and Moses Hinkle.
39. Describe the founding of Franklin.
40. Who were the earlier inhabitants of the town and on what terms were lots sold?
41. Describe the first county buildings.
42. Give instances of the severity of early punishments.
43. On what animals have bounties been allowed, and tell of the nature of these bounties.
44. What were the laws regarding conduct and how do they seem to have worked?
45. What was the effect on this county of the treaties of 1795 and 1815?
46. Describe the old militia organization, and tell what regiment was furnished by this county.
47. Give the number of slaveholders and slaves in 1860.
48. Tell of the discord between the Eastern and Western districts before 1860.
49. What was Ruffner's plan as to separation and emanci- pation ?
50. How did the outbreak of the war influence the new state movement?
51. Why and to what degree did the new state movement take a different course because of the war?
52. What resolution was passed by the county court in May, 1861 ?
53. What organizations of the Confederate army contained Pendleton men?
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54. Sketch the local military events of May, 1862.
55. Explain the salt distribution.
56. Why was the state constitution of 1863 not generally acceptable in West Virginia?
57. What was the cause and nature of the Flick amend- ment and who was its originator?
58. For whom was this county named? Give a sketch of his life and services.
59. What church organizations are represented in Pendle- ton ?
60. What is the oldest local church organization and where and when did it build the first church?
61. Where and by whom was the first Methodist sermon preached ?
62. Where did the first schoolhouses stand?
63. Describe an old field school.
64. What is said of illiteracy in pioneer times ?
65. Describe the school system and school districts of 1846.
66. When did the free school system come into vogue in Pendleton?
67. Wherein does this county differ from nearly all others of the state with respect to its county commissioner system?
68. Give a sketch of the congressman that this county has furnished.
69. When was the first newspaper started and what was its name?
70. When was Highland county formed?
71. Tell of the prices of land and livestock between 1747 and 1787.
72. Tell of the Augusta resolutions of 1775 and 1776.
73. What was the vestry and church-warden system, and when was it abolished ?
74. What was the manner of naturalization before 1775 ?
75. Describe the colonial currency and give its values.
76. Describe the manner in which family names may be- come extinct.
77. Make a comparison of store prices in 1820 and 1910, and give your opinion whether living was easier at the former time.
78. What is the area and population of Pendleton ?
79. When has the growth of the county been rapid, when has it been slow, and what have been the causes ?
* These questions have been added to the book at the desire of the teachers of the county.
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CORRECTIONS
Page 1, line 18, 1847, not 1846.
Page 18, line 27, read or, not "of."
Page 28, line 32, read juvat, not "jurat."
Page 29, line 41, read 1734 not "1704."
Page 30, line 16, Morton not "Norton."
Page 33, line 27, read "were" after he. Page 34, line 31, read Roger not "Robert."
Page 38, line 7, read roads not "broads."
Page 40, line 3, read "good" before will.
Page 40, line 21, read 1758 not "1753."
Page 45, line 33, read Robinson not "Robertson."
Page 46, line 7, read scalped not "scalps."
Page 47, line 9, read after "Dyer" the two women.
Page 47, line 21, read Seybert's not "his."
Page 63, line 29, read Gandy not "Grady."
Page 81, line 30, read county not "country."
Page 93, line 3, read ten not "two."
Page 108, line 44, read 110 not "140."
Page 127, line 11, read five not "one."
Page 133, line 26, read oak not "walnut."
Page 354. After reading "cold dinner, $10," turn back to page 353 and include the four items in lower right hand corner.
Page 384. In the list, "1787," include the last two lines at foot of page 385 and first six lines on page 386. Page 387. After reading down to the heading, "A List of Tithables for 1790," turn back to page 385, and include all that page but the last two lines.
Page 393, line 6. Read 1774, not "1794."
Page 393, line 21. Read 1782, not "1792."
Page 394, line 12. After "of 1820" supply the words "for pension."
Page 396, line 5 above bottom, supply McCoy after "William."
Page 375, line 16, read Sheriff, $250 not "$25."
Page 377, line 5, up from bottom read "Hornbarrier, not "Hornbarries."
Page 440, line 3, read during the nineteenth not "until the seventeenth."
Page 441, line 24, read the not "their," also line 2, up from bottom, read it not "they."
Page 343, line 18, up from bottom, read Hite not "Site."
Page 465, line 3, read economic not "economical."
Page 476, line 9, read wars are the not "we are."
A few minor errors which the reader can himself correct are not included in the above list.
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The first physician of whom we find mention in this county was a Dr. Neal who was present at the Coplinger sale near Byrd's mill in 1773.
The Charles Bowers present at the same sale was perhaps the pioneer Bowers, whose given name has seemed to elude discovery.
William Davis in 1773 left Pennsylvania and Virginia bonds to the value of $275.65. The expenses of his funeral-$29.05 -bring out the circumstance that Pennsylvania currency was accepted in Virginia only at a discount of 25 per cent.
At the William Dyer sale-1759-a servant was sold for $40 and a cow and calf for $5.83. A quantity of homemade cloth commanded 75 cents per yard.
The earliest lawyer of Augusta seems to have been Gabriel Jones, king's attorney, who lived at Port Republic.
The first recorded tithe taking in Pendleton was by Silas Hart in 1756. He was commissioned a justice in 1761.
The following votes were cast April 6, 1789, in the first Pendleton election of delegates to the State Assembly : Pe- ter Howell, 84; William Patton, 80; Isaac Hinkle, 30; Seraiah Stratton, 30; James Cunningham, 23. The total was 247.
Numerous war claims were presented to the Augusta Court in 1758 by Pendleton pioneers. They amounted to $414.39. The war claims presented in 1763 were for $209.05.
In 1769 Virginia was paying a bounty on hemp of 4 shil- lings, but not for a greater quantity than 4000 pounds to each claimant.
The specific tax which each tithable was required to pay in 1779 was a choice of the following items: 1 bushel of wheat, 2 bushels of corn, rye or barley, 2} bushels of oats, 16 pounds of hemp, 28 pounds of tobacco. There were two commissioners to a county, who received the produce at designated places and contracted with the millers for the grinding of the grain. The produce tax which Seraiah Strat- ton was collecting in 1781 was for one-half the above amounts in addition to 2 pounds of bacon.
An express was paid $2 a day in 1782.
John Justus Hinkle, pioneer of the Pendleton Hinkles, was a son of Rev. Anthony Jacob Henkel, who was buried in Ger- mantown, Pa., in 1728. There were three other sons and three daughters. The Hinkles of Germany were prominent in the days of the Protestant Reformation.
Henry Pennybacker, ancestor of the Pennybacker family, was a surveyor and came to Pennsylvania prior to 1700.
A female member of the Hartman family is said to have been present at Trenton, N. J., in April, 1789, when Wash-
-
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ington passed through this place on his way to be inaugurated at New York. She was one of the girls who took part in a floral display in honor of the occasion.
The Recorders for the period of 1865 - 1872 were John S. Bond and John M. Jones.
For "Geo. A. Hiner," pages 365-366, read Granville A. Hiner.
Substitute this topic for the "Arbogast" topic under "High- land Families" on page 332.
Arbogast. Michael (Mary --- )-German-located land in C-B., 1772-said to have arrived before 1758-d. 1812-ch. -1. Adam (Margaret -- ). 2. John (Hannah - d. 1821. 3. George. 4. Henry. 5. Michael. 6. David (Elizabeth -- ). 7. Peter. 8. girls?
Except John the brothers were large men. Peter and Henry were twins. Michael, David, and Peter settled in the Miami valley of Ohio. Adam moved to Poca.
Line of George :- Emanuel, Daniel, Hannah, Catharine, Elizabeth, Leah, Polly.
Line of Henry :- George, Ephraim, Levi, Benjamin, Henry, Andrew, Nellie, Rebecca, Mary, Phoebe, Sophia, Nancy, Elizabeth, Catharine.
The following topic of Bowers should appear just before the topic of Brady on page 184.
Bowers. John (Christina Ruhlman)-b. 1783, d. 1858- son of a German immigrant whose given name is forgotten, but whose wife was Lucy Mick-ch .- 1. Mary ( -- Smith). 2. Phoebe (George Propst). 3. Sarah (William -, John J. Propst)-b. 1812, d. 1833. 4. Christina (Lewis Propst, Elias Propst). 5. Catharine (Solomon Hoover). 6. John (Mary Harold)-b. 1816. 7. Christian S. (- Armentrout, Amanda Jefferson)-b. 1823. 8. Valentine (Ellen Rexroad, Hld. ).
Br. of John-1. Lucinda (George D. Siple) -b. 1842. 2. Phoebe J. (Daniel Kiser). 3. Lavina (Edward H. Sim- mons). 4. John (Leah Curry, Hld)* 5. Amos (Elizabeth J. Kiser, Eliza Waggy)-P. M. and merchant-S. G. 6. Hannah (Mordecai Dove, E -- F. Simmons). 7. Mary (Samuel F. Simmons). 8. Ruhama (James Bodkin). 9. George (Sarah Keister). 10. Sarah (Charles Bodkin).
Ch. of Amos-1. Harvey (Florence Crigler)-physician- S. G .- c. 1 .- Roy. 2. John M .- d. 24. 3. Floyd-d. 4. Nora (Laban Dickenson). 5. Mary J. 6. William P. (dy).
Br. of Christian S .- 1. Anna (William Kimble). 2. Susan (George McNulty), Petersburg. 3. Josephus (Emma A.
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Bond). 4. Frank (dy). 5. Margaret (William Nash)-Ill. By 2d m .- 6. Phoebe ( -- Propst, Jeremiah Riggleman)- Grant. 7. Mattie (William Rexroad). 8. Melcena (Isaac Kimble)-Rph. 9. Ida (Elmer Bond)-Horton. 10. Tade (Isaac Propst). 11. T. Pendleton (Eliza Swadley). 12. J. Florin (Carry Keister). 13. Oliver (dy).
Br. of Valentine-1. Harry (O.) *. 2. William (Margaret Armentrout). 3. Samuel P. (O.) *. 4. Mary (Elias Ham- mer). 5. Jane (Adam Kile)-Rph.
Unp. 1. Frederick (Barbara Conrad)-m. 1811. 2. Catha- rine (John Emick)-m. 1814.
The connection is chiefly in S. G. D. and M. R. D.
Substitute the following topic for the "Walker" topic on page 313.
Walker. George (Sarah -)-Dry Run-d. 1810-ch. -John, Phoebe, William, Elizabeth.
Unp. 1. Charles-1790. 2. Joseph (Barbara Hinkle, m. 1800-ward of Moses Hinkle. 3. Francis. 4. Mary. 5. Eugene-d. 1810. 6. John (Kate Simpson).
Br. of 6 :- Edmund (Mary E. Hevener)-N-F.
Ch. of Edmund. - Susan (Abel W. Helmick), John W. (Margaret Greenawalt), girl (dy), Henry W. (Sarah J. Guthrie), Francis L. (Andrew J. Guthrie), Edmund (Ada Guthrie), Catharine (Arthur T. Cook), Jennie (George N. Cook).
ADDITIONS
Upper Tract. The Robert Green survey of 2464 acres was patented in the name of William Shelton. The earliest set- tler it seems possible to identify was Peter Reed, who built a mill thereon not later than 1752. Of the tithables named on page 36, probably the Westfalls and Osborns and perhaps still others are located here. A very few years later, the sur- vey, proceeding from north to south seems parceled out be- tween the Cunninghams, Hinkles, Mosers, Petersons, and Fshers. The Mosers owned the village site and built the first dwelling on the hill. In 1815 Adam Moser, Sr., sold his lands to Dyer and Cunningham for $6,000. He seems to have been the builder of the house now occupied by John S. Harman. It was very close to this spot that Peter Moser was killed by an Indian. The family burial ground lies a little west of the house. As already mentioned there seems to be no record of the conveyances from Shelton to the par- ties named.
Fort Seybert. William Stephenson, pioneer, removed to
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Highland. Matthew Patton joined his brother John in North Carolina in 1794, and a grandson became lieutenant governor of that state.
Robert Davis had a brother James; also a sister who mar- ried a Crawford. Robert was not actually present at the killing of Big Foot, though he had command of the pursuing expedition of about 30 men. An advance party under one Stodgell overtook the Indians near the Ohio river, crept upon them at dawn, killed them all, and rescued a woman taken from Grant county. This was the last Indian raid into Pen- dleton during the French and Indian war, and occurred during the Revolution.
Evick. Christian Evick, pioneer, lived near Propst and came probably the same year-1753. He gave his name to the knob a mile east of Brandywine and just south of Hawes' Run. The knobs of this foothill range were named for the men first ascending them.
Rexroad. Zachariah, Sr., was a blacksmith, and first lived at the foot of the mountain west of the Swadley home- stead. He made excellent bells, the sound of which could be heard for several miles. Later he purchased the Sumwalt place on South Branch. Below the new home and just above Trout Rock was the homestead of one Croushorn who lost his life in the explosion of a powder mill. The Trout Rock-so known from the earliest times-marks the passage of the river through a mountain range.
Harper. Philip Harper, pioneer, appears to have married a sister to Peter Moser.
Coin. A specimen of the "Johannes," mentioned on page 82, was found a few years since near the Rexroad cemetery on South Branch. It is of the diameter of the half-dollar and bears the date 1757.
Dates from the Propst Church Cemetery. 1. Michael Propst, pioneer, died, 1789. 2. Catharine Propst, widow of Michael, Sr., died 1804. 3. Michael Propst, Jr., born June 3, 1743, died, Dec. 17, 1829. 4. Henry Propst, died, July 18, 1820. 5. Barbara Swadley Propst, widow of Frederick, died, Nov. 11, 1829. 6. Mary C .? Miller Propst, widow of Leon- ard, died, 1834.
Dates from the Kline Cemetery. Rev. John N. Schmucker, born Sept. 26, 1779, died, Feb. 9, 1855. Henry Mallow, born Nov. 18, 1758, died, Sept. 18, 1834. Michael Mallow, born Sept. 12, 1793, died, Jan. 20, 1870. Anna M. Mallow, born
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April 17, 1791, died, Nov.27, 1846. Elizabeth Harper Mallow, born July 30, 1799, died, Aug. 24. 1870. Susannah Hammer Kile, born Oct. 18, 1807, died, Nov. 26, 1869. Isaac Alt, born Sept. 14, 1811, died, May 16, 1887.
A number of errors, omissions, and the like are not the fault of either author or printer, but are due to circumstances over which neither had control.
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