USA > California > San Benito County > History of San Benito County, California : with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, farms, residences, public buildings, factories, hotels, business houses, schools, churches, and mines : with biographical sketches of prominent citizens > Part 1
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PUBLIC S.F. LIBRARY
CALIFORNIANA OVERSIZE
SAN FRANCISCO PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1223 90193 5800
SINE
MORS
LITERIS
SA
BOOK No.
ACCESSION
៛979.475 H629
32351
NOT TO BE TAKEN FROM THE LIBRARY
FORM 3427-5000-10.48
OF MONTEREY.
THE BAY
-
THE PRESIDIO AND PUEBLO OF MONTEREY.
MISSION OF SAN CARLOS, AND BAY OF CARMEL.
FAC SIMILES OF VIEWS PUBLISHED IN LONDON FROM SKETCHES MADE IN 1832 BY CAPT. WM SMITH OF THE ROYAL NAVY. WI PROINNEN VOR VALLOTT AC- MASTORY OF MORAPREY COUNTY
SAN FRANCISCO PUBLIC LIBRIPY
43
o
HISTORY
OF
1.5002225
SAN BENITO COUNTY
CALIFORNIA,
WITH
ILLUSTRATIONS
DESCRIPTIVE OF ITS
SCENERY, FARMS, RESIDENCES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS,
Factories, Hotels, Business Houses, Schools, Churches, and. Mines.
FROM ORIGINAL DRAWINGS BY ARTISTS OF THE HIGHEST ABILITY.
WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF PROMINENT CITIZENS. PUBLIC LIBRARY SAN FRANCISCO
ELLIOTT & MOORE, PUBLISHERS,
106 Leideedorff Street, San Francisco, Cal. 1881.
.PACIFIC PRESS PUBLISHING HOUSE ...
12TH ANO CASTRO STS., OAKLAND. 2.
ÉLECTROTYPERS, AND BINDERS. ***
*1979.475 4629
32351
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JAPAN CURRENT
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San Joaquin. Val
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
LIST OF LITHOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS, MAPS, CHARTS, AND DIAGRAMS.
120 | Whiteside, T. F., Ranch . 10
Auzar, P. E. G., Rancho. . !12 | Lynn, Michael, Residence. 14 James, Residence. Almond Orchard of M. San Pedro 32
132
Willeux, Edward, Residence
72
Alexander, Hon. J. K. Residence
18
Archer, Dr. S. M. Residener
.. Frontispiece
.105
Zubala, P., Country Residence
Bird's Eye View of Montercy Bu .
12 36
Mckinnon, Duncan. .. Meyers, Henry, Residence,
WOOD ENGRAVINGS.
Breun, Patrick, Residence. .. lahu, Residence, lluy. J. V. Partrait
3G 77
Mountain View Ranch ..
116
Beach Scene, Monterey
Carmelo Mission Church . 58
154
Butt, (. 12. Resi lence. ..
12, 14
Bath House, Manterey
26 Pleuvant View Rauch.
84
Golden Gate .
27
Cothran, 11. W. Resilence ..
112
Perry, Richard, Residence.
9G
Grist Mills of Early Settlers.
163
L'antiell, Rt. W. Residence.
140 Private lufirmary.
160 Presidio and Puebla of Manterey in 1832
72
Indian Sweat Honse. Monterey in 1846
33
Church of San Carlos.
160 , Raggio, Luigi, Resilence. ..
23
Cypress Cottage
172 ' Rupe, John, Residence.
San Francisco Bay, 1769
47
Catholic Church, Salinas. .
11G Ross, Jesse, Residence. .
SS
San Juan Mission ..
19
England, W. W. Re-idonee.
92 Santa Anita Ranch
52 Spanish Ox-cart 35
Fashion Livery Stahle
84 Spring Brook Farm 168 Strunhe, Charles, Farm and Residence
84
Sutter, Gen. J. A. (portrait).
51
Ford, W. B.
52 Sherwood, Eugene, Residence
124 State House, San Jose, 184:1.
Grove College Farm . .
144 / Steffani, Joseph, Dairy
152
Hill, Hon. W. J.
160 Sota, J. M., Residence.
160
6
Harmm, G. S., Residence. .
72 | Santa Rita School llouse.
172 Charts showing Size of Counties. 69
H:unmnouil, C. Y., Resilence
84 . Sarentiui, Rev. E., Church
S4 ' Diagram of Rain-fall
123
Johnson, Henry, Residence
12 Towle, G. W
26 Map of the State.
Lind, W. C., Residence
Gs Vuche, Theophile, Vineyard.
Larıl, L. M., Rauch Budd Residence
92 | Watson, Heury, Resilence.
Las Aromas, Raucho
INDEX TO THE HISTORICAL, LOCAL, AND GENERAL MATTER.
Agricultural Society of San Benito County .... 93 | Castroville Argus.
Teachers in San Benito County .. 180
Au Agricultural County
113 Carmelo Mission.
Anderson, C. L., on Climate. .
121
California in Transition State
Assessment Roll 1851
Arroyo Seco Valley.
.135 Alps.
Jury Trials. .
145
/ Assessment Roll of 1851.
20
Continued Discoveries by Laml and Sea
21
Grain Growing. 149
Business Houses in Salinas
149
A Change Predicted.
51 Capture of Monterey.
62
California Jury. .
161
64
Convention called ut Monterey
Piano and Billiard Table.
GO
Altitude of Mountains.
68
Date of First Missions.
19
63
A Harvesting Scene
23
18
46
Adobe residences.
16 " Mission Converts.
19
Biliard Table.
18
A Speck of Gohl.
61
Donner Party 1846.
Settler in San Joaquin Valley ..
35 41
Birth of San Benito County .. Breen, Hun. J. F., History of San Benito.
Ell'cet of Missionary Luthor.
99
Windmill in State ..
Tannery Constructed.
30 31
Bathing at Monterey.
18
Mails
31
Emmigration Companies
60)
Protestant Worship. ..
53
Contest over the New County
80
81
SI
County Indebtedness Arranged. . Divaled into Four Townships
83
Marlies' Account of the Missions ..
113
104
Cinnuhar aul Neighborhood.
113
123
Carmela Valley.
13 Gabilun Mountains.
Chalame "
131
Wipes, Bays, and Harbors.
135 | Final Disposition of the Mission
Voal in Monterey County
.54, 105 Grand Rush for the Gold Mines
12
"'aunty Board of Education Statistics
1-18
Fundlango, The .
C'entenurian af Monterey .. .
150
151
= American Flag Raised ...
Business Houses of Hollister ..
151
= Buptim and Death ut Sin Juun ..
152 Silo Constructedl. ..
Superintendent of Schools
110
History of San Benito County. ..
77
Secret Suciuties. .
Business Houses
.. Rowling-Roun
143 | Fight Umuler the Beur Flug. ...
1446 Fate of the Donner l'urty.
SO
81 Hohlen Age of Native C'uliforniuns
27
:1.1 frist-mills of Early Settlers. . .
58
44 Churches und School4.
151
79
181 llollister in its Infanvy.
161
Acts of Early Legislatures.
67
Capitul at Sacramento,
87
Newspaper in California. Aleulle
160
Agricultural Productions
131
Diagrain of Rain-full.
= California Legislature,
63
Agriculture af Early Times.
Description of Original Inhabitants " Mission Churches.
=
Cast Plow all Miner's Pick
31
Active Life of Pioneers,
38 Descriptive Matter. . Dairying in Early Times.
Ferry-bunt on Bay.
Alcahle Meets the Miner
68
Discoveries nf Gold .. .
GI
26
Business Houses of San luant.
119 Erie Township. . .
133
Early Distillery in Monterey
27
Bay of Carmelo .. Monterey,
16G
Discoveries of Gukl. .
" American Resident of Sau Francisco. Sawquill Erected .. Settlement North of Sacramento.
1+1 43 43
Bear Flag War.
21 Era of 1849.
1.4
Biographies of Pioneer Settlers.
79
Friemls of New County Succeedl.
81
Character of General Custro.
99 | Favorable Location of Manteres
114
Vous Prevail on the Const. .
Climate aml Health of County
Fushion Stables, Hollister. .
1.27 127
Fertile Valleys of Monterey County
Founding of First Mission ..
Heographical Features. Great Mountain Ranges.
61 | Glance ut Early History . Great Slaughter of Cuttle
First County Officers Elenteil.
Castroville umnl Vicinity. Firat Localed,
03
Indian Baptism.
Agricultural Statistics
78
77 Deserted Mines. ..
77
Pioneer Squatters. .
Industry of California ..
Butany of the County ..
132
= (Irehard.
57
Schooner Built. ..
151 Emigration Societies.
5:1
Battle of the Salinas
Grimlstones Manntuctured
Explorers Name Rivers and Tre s.
American Governor.
.. Discovery of Goll not Believed.
General Fremont and Operations, l'astro
Grapes and Vineyards.
Geolngy of the County. Geologienl Diagram ..
150
Appeal to U. S. Government ..
37 Celebrated Alcalde Blackburn.
52
Location at Castroville.
134
53
= Indian Missionary. .144
A Remarkable Canyon
144 Comparative Size of Counties.
15
= Divorce Record .. 148 Hotel in Salinas, 148
Attack ou Monterey Mission
20
Colonization Party of 1834
33
Aunnal Revenue Received. Agriculture of Native Californians.
23 Capture aml linprisomnent of Settlers.
33 Capabilities of the Country,
37 13
= Mill in Salinas Valley.
State Senators Elected.
Arrival of Captain Sutter
25 40) Decline of Various M ssions
Eng ish Historian
4
30 Map of Central California.
Fronti piece
148 State Capital.
Geil, S F., Residence.
125 Smith, J. B., Ranch ..
132
MAPS, CHARTS, ETC.
Hatch, George W.
64 Scott, I. B ..
160 Charts Showing Wind Currents.
Hodges, das. I ...
144 Shaw & Baldwin.
72 Ideal Section of Mountains.
15
Castroville School Builling
172 'Reeel, W. 1., Residence.
56 San Francisco Bay, 1846.
Cullman, Mrs A. W. Resilences.
96 Sin Pedra, M., Residence
48 sonora Mission 15
Flint, Bixby & Co, Residence undl Rauch
Sun Joaquin Itiver hy Moonlight 39
Fenton, E. Shop and Residence
150 San Benito Advance Office ...
176 Butter's Mill ..
Green, John W. Residence
911 Springhurst. ..
Colton Full.
13
Cornwell, lames F. Farm View
88
Pacific Coast Office. .
44 Coast Scene. . Cypress Point. 63
IG
48
Moorlaml Cottage ..
Balado, Joaquin, Ranch. Buena Esperanza Ranch"
120 | Nasun, E., Dairy und Residence.
156
Nohle, William, Ranch.
16-1
Pease, R D., Farmu and Buildings
Waters, C. H., Residence. .
SO
Wood, Churles A., Residence. 84
128
Bay of Monterey in 1832
140 Moore, G. A., Residenec. . Malsbary, Job, Residence
.100
Watson, S. F., Residence. .
104 Mission of Sun Carlos in 1832. . Frontispiece
MeChsker, Mrs. T. C., Residences
112 136 108
Alcalde Cultim and the Miner G
15: | First Public Library .. .160
155
135 County Hospital
164
Teachers' Institute.
140 Hotel Del Monte. 139
County Ho-jutal of Munterey
Plow of the Natives
Anecilote of Judge Ide. . ..
33, 104 56
= Settlement in San Joaquin Valley
Building Mission Churches.
Fremont Ordered ont of Country
:122 Guld-dust Refused by Merchants
10
INDEX TO THE HISTORICAL, LOCAL, AND GENERAL MATTER-CONTINUED.
170 Stark John, Saves Breen Family. 107
11
Hollister Gains Prominence ...
= Past and Present. . Sy .
94
94 | Noted Legislature .. .129
72 San Antonio Mission.
93 Salinas Valley. 114 Navigable Streams . 130
951 Oldest Fruit Trees. ..
93 Soil of Salinus Valley.
131
Public Schools .. ...
95
Officers of San Benito County " Monterey County ..
,171 | Salinas Valley Productions 145
Water Works. ...
95
135 Slades' Springs ... 140
Rainfall .... Soci_ties aml Churches. Village and Fire Officers
96 Ohl Mining Tuwns .. Ohlest ikhil Fellow.
29
62, School in Salinus C'ity ... 143
97 Organization of the State Government, .
65
15 Saliuns t'ily Inder. 145
Euterpist.
Telegraph
125
Pioneers of San Juan .. .
133 Pioneer Settlers and Farmers
98
Business Directory
350
Hunting anul Fishing ... Hotel del Mante. .
38 Pacific Canal,
123 Santa Rita Village .. 146
Habits aml Life uf Aborigines.
39 | Point Lobos Forintinn
133 | Shinabarger, J. J., on Newspapers.
How Laborers are Treated,
Icrease of Population in Monterey.
Imlians about Monterey Bay
= First Acconuts ..
uf Point Sal. . $
Villages,
135 Places of Resort. .
Scenes in the Early Courts ...
14
Sweat House
16 Pacific Grave Retreat.
Settlers Form a Government ..
tif
46 Baptism, the First
38 Plow Used by Natives
30 Strange and Eventful Dream. 30 Sale of the Missions
Inlustry and Thrift of Russians,
27 36
Population Estimated in 1816 ..
41 Scenes of Festivity and Gaiety
Increased Emigration to California. ..
87 . Pioneer Toils and Privations.
Laml Grants.
12s > Pioneer Party of 1543-4.
Long Valley. .
132 Pioneers Settle in all Parts of State.
4% Scenes in the Gold lines
List of California Governors.
67
Laws of Colunists. ..
97 Prices of Wheat fur 13 Years
MeMInhan Honse
100 Pony Express.
-Mines of San Benito,
116 Public Schools of California
and Raniall Table.
Monterey, Resort for Invalids. a Place for Homes
117 Rain-fall Taliles. . 117, 118
1.21
44 County, how Divideil. Bay Described.
as a Port.
153
Temescal or Indian Sweat-House.
L'ypress
County Organizeil.
Tassajara Hot Springs
. . Its Area ...
Climate and Productions
37
4 I'alifornina. Democrat
149
Rush for the Guld Mines. .
60
Table of L'power California Missions. ..
= the Oll Capit il.
65
.. Number of Missions in IO2
21
160 ; kich Men of 1793 ..
160 Russians Settle in Sonomu County
. .
Aluune of Places. ...
160 Sa , Be aito County Organized.
..
t'ensus at the State
= Catholic Church.
83
= Wealth mul Rise ut Counties.
:1
Hotel del Monte ...
166
How Constructed.
TIneshing Scene of Early Thuys
:11 Threshing as Done by Rite slanS.
Beautiful Pleasure Drives.
133
the Cemetery.
92 V'ulimited Power of Alealles
101
Merritt, Jaseph, on l'astroville.
San Benito Tuwuship.
103 Wnul Currents of the CoIst
114
San Antonio. .
17 Santa Lucia Mountains.
1:15 Weather at Monterey'
46 San Juan and Soledad
Is0 Words of a Pioneer
Meeting of First Legislature.
63 | Selmwols of San Benito County ..
War with Meulen
Marshall's Discovery of Gold ..
y5 What Ah ht Have Been
Newspapers of Sun Reuito Monterey Connty.
116 | School Statistics
182 Yerba Buena or San Francisco
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES OF PROMINENT CITIZENS.
Awzur, P. E. G ..
167 ICHlges, 1. 1.
Do Ros, Jesse ..
Alexander, Hon, John K.
153 Ilill, Hon. W. .
IGS Rape, John. .
Archer, Dr. N. M.
101 | Junipera, Serra
130 San Para, Mamel. 172
Breen, Ilon, 1. F
lost Land, W. C.
177 Tou lo (. 11
Breva, Johu ...
Langh, lohn W Muore, G. A.
FII Vasquez, Tibeem.
Holado, Jognia Cuthran, 11. W.
109; Malsbury, Job ..
ITT Watera, C, 11.
Carnwell, Inmes F',
110 Nason, Kimunud.
174 Wiles, Edward.
England, W. W.
103 Nuble, William
Whiteside, Thomas F
Flint, Hon. Thommy, Flint, Benjamin
Perry, Richard,
Watson, S. F
Green, John W.
109 Pouse, R. I. .
Wwwnl, Charles A
Hurmun, Geo. S.
112 | Roel, Willimmn I
173
..
.. Land Out
179
Petition fur Division of County
84
Gas all Water. 149
History of Monterey County.
Height of Peaks and Places.
153 Paicines Township. 1411
.165 Tres Pines Described.
179 " Schools and Churches 14:0
Hardy Pioneers,
73 Sur Deserihed. Pinos and Moss Brach
1344
14, 136 Paraiso Hot springs ..
92, 136 | l'ajaro Valley,
136 \Peach Tree Valley.
134
Settlers Ordered t . Leave California
137 Population of Monterey.
1. Settlers Release and Indemniliel
34
not Easily Civilized.
18 Principal Rivers.
Settlers Organize their Forces.
of California Missions. .
2.1 Pioneer Lumberman.
ludustries and Homes of California.
Pioneer Merchant.
34 Spanish Ux-art and Mal.
Important Description of the Country, "s
38 | Pioneer Party Arrive 1841
40 Specimen Proclamation.
43 Sut.ers' Furt Located.
Light-Houve at Point Pinos.
Progress of Bear Flag War ..
State Lands, How Divuled
221 Population of the State.
Township and Officers
11:3
Rain-full at Different Points,
Temperatur Table 1: 4
Rivers of Monterey County
126 134 'Thermal Belt toserilen ..
134
120, 133 Railrand and Water Facilities
164
Taxes in Monterey County.
134 , Renaissance of Monterey ...
164
12 Teachers' Institute of Monterey. Thomjann. J. N .. on Schools. .
50 Tre man, Major Ben C. on Monterey
158 Review of the Goblen Era.
.. Populatım of Missions.
Becomes a City.
161 Rapid Increase in Population ..
Contrast of Missions 14 to 14:
First Newspaper.
.. Final Disposition i Miswins
First Alcalle.
Old Custin-House
162 San Juan Bon ista Mission
Nerienlenral Productions.
Curiosities of the Town
.163 Admirably Situated.
165 as a Military Post.
Two Important Events ....
165 Mission Founded,
90 Timber Forests ut State
Large Bath- Hou&#,
the Orchard ..
Undvanpied Land.
134
Mass' Lanuling,
154
First Baptism and Death
150 n Melancholy Picture ..
Vates Cant in San Benito. . . Vineyards of the County
1044
Mission Ranches Set Apart. ..
16 Sun Justu Rancho. . .
116 Wind Chart Explainel
.. Sau Carlos De Monterey.
16 Sen Bathing ut Monterey.
105 Liuld, 1 M
17: Stranhe, 1, C. F 1:3
Breen, Patrick. .
107 Vache, Theophilus
110 MeKinen, Duncan. .
Watson, Henry
Poem by Mrs. Annie E. Merritt.
.. Comparative Price of Wheat -
Fashionable Sea-side Resort ..
Sup rior Bathing.
Bell of the Church
Moss Bench.
141
Remarkable Prulictions of a Pionee
Remaval and Location of the Capital
Former Residents,
143 San Juan-Modern. .
Temperature of Air aml Water. .. " Mouterey.
and Comt .t.
132 | Removal of County Seat.
141 Settlers Begin to Arrive .... 1:6 San Joaquin Valley Explored 1:7 Strange Meeting on the Merced
149
180 Ownership of Land.
School District.
179 Object of Missions, .
152 Schools of Munterey Caunty al l'ity
Report of Superintendent Shearer. ,141
90 Operations of Pinneer Settlers.
Bank ...
Business Hauses.
65' San Antonio Valley 94 | New Methods of Harvesting .. Number of Miners August, 1848 89, 128
58 Sau Beuito Ideance,
Lail ont and Namen.
Homestead Association" First Business Honses.
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF SAN BENITO HISTORY.
74 San Benito County Advantages. 179
79 | Newspaper Changes . .
57
Hollister
17% i lummond, {. Y
99, 100 Rangin lavigi
Bixby, Lewellyn
11 Ruins af Carm-lo ..
11 Rapid Settlement and Progress
11
13
31
42 Sutters' Mill Located.
G]
133 'Schools of California. ..
Statistics, 146.
70 Salinas City Described .. 1411
Incorporatedl.
STATE CAPITOL BUILDING, SACRAMENTO, CAL.
HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION
SAN BENITO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
THIS is the young- est of the fifty-four counties of California, having been taken from Monterey in 1874. It is the four- AN BENITOK teenth in order of size, there being thirteen COUNTY other counties small- er in area. Accord- ing to the Surveyor- General's report, it has abont one thon- sand square miles of land, abont one-half of which is on assess- ment roll. Its assessed valnation was given at $3,774,603.
San Benito is bouuded on the north by Santa Clara, on the east hy Merced and Fresno, on the south by Fresno and Monterey, and on the west by Monterey. It resembles Cali- fornia in miniature, having a range of mountains ou each side and a well defined valley in the center, On the west, the Gabilan hills form its boundary, and on the east the Monte Diablo range closes in the county, hoth joining at the southern extremity, while the Pajaro river at the north shuts off the Santa Clara valley. The topographical features of the county are rongh mountains and broad plains, gently rounded hills and small valleys.
NUMEROUS SMALL VALLEYS.
The San Benito valley is divided into several smaller branches, as Tres Pinos, Brown. Peach Tree, Priest and Cholome. The San Benito and its numerous streamlets, ruus northward all through these until it reaches the Pajaro. As might be sup- posed agriculture and grazing constitute the chiof resources of the county, but like all parts of California, metals and min- erals have been found in it. The low lands are very fertile and pro.lee large crops of wheat, tobacco, fruit and hops,
The hills are devoted to cattle and sheep grazing. Much of the land is yet unelaimed both on the hills and in the small valleys between them.
The great body of the farm land is treeless. Water is reached ahnost anywhere in the valley, at a depth of from six to twenty feet, Many artesian wells are flowing in the county. Lime, marble, eoal and quieksilver are abundant in the hill ranges. In consideration of the quantity of farming lands, settlers will find none cheaper in the State. The number of inhabitants that find places in the little valleys and cañons, and on the mountain sides is inereasing rapidly every year.
These mountain homes, sheltered from the winds, possessing a delightful climate, have peculiar advantages in the produc- tion of fruits. Grapes, figs, peaches, apricots, oranges, lemons and semi-tropical fruits flourish here.
MANY DESIRABLE ADVANTAGES,
There is a vast quantity of unsurveyed Government land in the hilly and mountainous parts of the country, now held by the right of possession. This possession gives no fee to the land, but gives to the purehaser the right to occupy until sur- veyed, and then the first right to buy at Government prices.
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