USA > California > Los Angeles County > An illustrated history of Southern California : embracing the counties of San Diego, San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Orange, and the peninsula of Lower California, from the earliest period of occupancy to the present time; together with glimpses of their prospects; also, full-page portraits of some of their eminent men, and biographical mention of many of their pioneers and of prominent citizens of to-day > Part 16
USA > California > San Diego County > An illustrated history of Southern California : embracing the counties of San Diego, San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Orange, and the peninsula of Lower California, from the earliest period of occupancy to the present time; together with glimpses of their prospects; also, full-page portraits of some of their eminent men, and biographical mention of many of their pioneers and of prominent citizens of to-day > Part 16
USA > California > Orange County > An illustrated history of Southern California : embracing the counties of San Diego, San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Orange, and the peninsula of Lower California, from the earliest period of occupancy to the present time; together with glimpses of their prospects; also, full-page portraits of some of their eminent men, and biographical mention of many of their pioneers and of prominent citizens of to-day > Part 16
USA > California > San Bernardino County > An illustrated history of Southern California : embracing the counties of San Diego, San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Orange, and the peninsula of Lower California, from the earliest period of occupancy to the present time; together with glimpses of their prospects; also, full-page portraits of some of their eminent men, and biographical mention of many of their pioneers and of prominent citizens of to-day > Part 16
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1887.
1888.
1889.
Acres sown to wheat
16,614
6,093
14,026
Acres sown to oats.
565
520
1,550
Acres sown to barley
2,800
6,496
30,447
Acres sown to corn
531
481
2,084
Acres sown to hay
5,010
10,090
9,523
Acres of table grapes
201
609
Acres of wine grapes.
627
678
Acres of raisin grapes.
2,953
4,107
Number of fruit trees growing.91,148
191,526
330,176
By the above it will be seen that all else must and does give way to the advance of the fruit tree and grape-vine. In 1888 the number of fruit trees increased by upwards of 100,000, and in 1889 upwards of 180,000. A propor- tional increase during the coming decade would pretty nearly cover the county. During the past year the acreage put in grapes has in- creased by 1,000 acres, and the increase which
99
HISTORY OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY.
will be shown by the next assessor's report will be greater still. As yet only two irrigation systems are completed and in use; three others projected and in process of construction will double up the acreage of land under cultivation in a rapid manner. The year 1890 will show a much greater increase than 1889. Already all the fruit trees, especially lemons, held by the nurseries have been engaged, and the cry of the fruit ranchers is, " Where will we get more trees?" By the close of 1890 there will be 700,000 fruit trees growing in San Diego County, and this year will see 200,000 acres of wheat growing in the county.
THE GOLD MINES.
The pioneer finder of gold in San Diego County was a woman named Eliza Wood, who found the precious metal in the gravel beds of Coleman creek. By February, 1870, several gold ledges had been located. Ou February 22, 1870, the Washington mine was discovered by Messrs. Bicker and Wells; the ore was seen to be rich in gold, and a quantity of it was for- warded to San Diego and San Francisco to be put on exhibition. Its richness caused great excitement, and a heavy and rapid cmigration to the locality of its discovery, so that the mount- ains thereabonts were swarming with pros- pectors. A mining district was organized, having for mining director M. S. Julian, near whose 160-acre claim the discoveries were made, and the district was called after him Julian, which name it still bears. Chester Gunn in a recent paper read before the County Horticultural Society, gives a good idea of the richness of the Julian mines: " Hundreds of tons averaged $75 to $100 per ton. . I have myself washed ont the drillings while blasting and found from $1 to $6 in small horn full of drillings, probably half a pound of rock, while as much as $6 or $7 was often washed out of one ponnd of ore."
But the region was too rich for its possessors to be allowed to continue its rapid development peaceably and nnmolested.
" The owners of the Cnyamaca grant under-
took to float their grant so as to cover the entire territory south of the Ysabel grant. In other words, they wanted to gobble up all the mines and small farms, of which latter there were a good many. A long and expensive litigation was begun, which lasted for several years, and many people got disgusted and left. Property could not be sold on account of the title being in dispute. But the end came at last, and the miners gained the suit. The line of the grant was moved south to conform to the old map, and the people of Julian went to work once more to open up their mines. But years were required to recover from the effects of the ex- pensive litigation.
" Among the mines at present being worked, and which especially deserve mention, are the Stonewall, owned by Governor Waterman; the Ready Relief, owned by D. D. Dare and J. O. Bailey; the Owens, owned by W. B. King and others; the Helvetia, owned by Dr. Carl Mur- ray; the Gardiner, owned by Robert Gardiner; the Eagle, owned by Crane and Malloch; the Wash- ington, owned by S. A. McDowell and T. J. Daley; the Gold King, owned by J. E. Hamil- ton and others, and the Cincinnati Belle, which W. L. Fredericks sold recently for $27,500. Many others might be mentioned."
Governor Waterman's Mine .- Trouble about title and gold excitement elsewhere attracted the attention of miners, and until recently the rich deposits in the Julian district were practi- cally forgotten. The gold is in the mountains, a rich reward to whoever had the enterprise to spend time and money in getting it ont. Prin- cipal among those who realized what could be made by mining in the Julian district was Gov- ernor Waterman. He purchased a large tract of land and began the development of the Stonewall, now one of the most valuable mining properties on the Pacific coast. So valuable is the property that Governor Waterman is re- ported to have refused $2,000,000 for it. The ore taken from the Stonewall during the past year is valued at $1,000,000. For the past four months Governor Waterman has been de-
100
HISTORY OF SAN DIEGO CUNTY.
voting his capital to the erection of the largest mill on the Pacific coast, so that after January there will be thirty stamps running night and day. The cost of these improvements was $150,000, and the pay roll at the Stonewall :nine is now from $12,000 to $15,000 per month. Governor Waterman has more pride in this mine than in any of his other great en- terprises. From 100 to 200 men are constantly employed, and the mills are kept running night and day. Two or three other ledges, equal to the Stonewall in richness and extent have recently been discovered ou Governor Waterman's ranch, and these will no doubt be developed in the near future.
From 300 to 500 men are now employed in the mines about Julian, and from the rapid manner in which ledges are being developed twice that number will soon be employed within the next few months. From $5,000,000 to $8,- 000,000 in gold has been taken out of the Julian district since gold was discovered. It the pres- ent rapid development continues as much more will be taken out within the next two years.
Late newspaper reports announce the sale of Governor Waterman's mine to an English syn- dicate for the sum of $3,000,000. The princi- pal mines now in operation are: the Stonewall, the Ready Relief, the Owens, Helvetia, Eagle, Gardiner, Washington, Cincinnati Belle, and the Gold King.
In the Mesa Grande district there is a very rich gold mine from which a large yield has been taken-the Shenandoah. This mine has been shut down for some time because of legal complications, but it promises to be run again in the near future.
Many others of less note are being profitably worked, although on a small scale, and it is highly probable that there will be future great developments in this direction. At the begin- ning of 1888, San Diego people did not dream of such rich discoveries near them as those of the Santa Clara gold fields, which are a part of the same region, partaking no little of the for- mation of the San Diego County minerals.
Says a gentleman who well understands mining interests, with which he has been identified for twenty years past: " I believe that within five years the annual ontpnt of gold and silver in this county will equal $10,000,000. The vast range of country east of the Coast Range shows indications of rich gold deposits that as yet have not been prospected."
At least 5,000 men are engaged in running or in locating mines within the territory trib- utary to this city. ' No country in America has brighter mining prospects. JJulian will send the world in 1890, $2,000,000 or $3,000,000 through the gateway of San Diego, and Alamo and other Lower California camps will send as many millions more unless some unforeseen drawback occurs.
To sum up in brief, then, San Diego's great resources are three: harbor, climate, products,- a harbor whose conformation and conditions pe- culiarly fit it for its future destiny as a com- mercial centre and an entrepot between East and West, a climate whose mild and healing balm will continue to attract in the future as it has done in the past, not only the invalid and the Sybarite, but the soldier whose valor is proven, but who yet wishes to preserve and garner strength for future possibilities of combat; the busy worker who would build up material and force for farther renewed and perhaps more po- tent effort, and the lover of his race, who would study the phases of humanity as developed under the most favorable and cherishing of conditions. The products of a soil unsurpassed in richness and versatility of yield, fertilized by the gener- ons waters of its own native mountains, warmed and nursed by a constant and inspiring sun, and won to its best and noblest effort by the devo- tion and the care of the people who are at once its masters and its slaves, its children and its owners, but always full of faith in its unequalled powers, ever loyal, confiding and confident of its future.
THE WEALTH OF SAN DIEGO.
More rapid than the growth of population has been the growth in wealth, as shown by the rec-
101
HISTORY OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY.
ords of the eity assessor. In 1884 the total assessment was $2,021,685, the total tax $16,- 173.40. In 1889 the total assessment was $16,544,300, and the the total tax was $197,- 086.19.
The increase in the assessment in the city from 1884 to 1888 of about 1000 per cent. means a vast increase in wealth. With this increase in wealth and population there has also been an increase in the cost of maintaining the city government, and where in 1884 the trustees thought $16,000 sufficient to carry on the city government, at present $200,000 is required.
In 1884 there were inside the city limits but ten persons and corporations conducted assessed at over $20,000.
In 1889 the number assessed at more than $20,000 is legion.
BACK COUNTRY WEALTH.
The county assessment shows the same great increase as follows.
1884.
To known owners (exclusive of railroads) .. . .. $5,548,478
Unknown owners.
108,604
Personal property collected upon by the as-
sessor
143,234
Total
$5,800,316
1889.
To known owners (exclusive of railroads). .. $25,532,363
Unknown owners. 3,515,157
California Southern Railroad. 578,989
California Central Railroad. 339,187
Southern Pacific Railroad 1,595,125
Total. $31,560,820
The old assessment rolls show that within nineteen years the county has grown in wealth so that now one man, Richard ()'Neil, is as- sessed for more than the whole county was valued at in 1861, the assessment then being made as now, exclusive of government lands.
Outside the city in 1884 the number assessed at over $25,000 was small indeed, while in 1889 they are as numerous as in the city.
The biennial report of the State Board of
Equalization for the year 1888 gave these figures for San Diego County: real estate and improve- ments, $34,284,439; personal property, money and eredits, $4,190,979; railroads, $3,074,190; total valnation, $41,522,608.
Notwithstanding the prevalent cry of uni- versal hard times, the last year has witnessed the achievement of very remarkable improvements and progress in San Diego, including the fol- lowing:
The investment of several hundred thousand dollars by the most conservative set of commer- cial men in the business world, in the largest coal bunkers on the coast; the building of the most complete ice factory in Southern Califor- nia; the settlement of the Otay Watch Factory on a solid business foundation, backed by busi- ness men representing millions of dollars; the building of a magnificent cable road system, in- volving the outlay of hundreds of thousands of dollars; the transference of the coal shipping trade from San Pedro to San Diego; the invest- ment of hundreds of thousands of dollars in water development enterprises actually under way; expenditure of money by thousands in en- larging facilities and cheapening the price of gas, the shipments of cargoes of hay, grain, brick and building iron to ports heretofore ex- clusively controled by San Francisco; the founda- tion of irrigation districts, transferring thousands of acres of grain fields into orchards, abont a million dollars invested on buildings in the city ; the increase of thousands of acres under culti- vation.
PROGRESS SINCE THE BOOM.
Since May, 1887, which month saw the final subsidence of the boom, San Diego has built, obtained or discovered:
1. A fiume, bringing water to this city and the farming country back of it from the coast range of mountains.
2. The " Short Line " between here and Los Angeles.
3. The completed Coronado Hotel, the Brewster, and the Louis, Bon Ton, Chadbourne,
102
HISTORY OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY.
Whaley and Dalton, Methodist, Allyn, Nes- mith-Greely and Faivre blocks, two large school buildings, and imposing churches and residences.
4. The Cuyamaca railroad line.
5. The paving of Fifth and D Streets.
6. A large Government appropriation for light-houses and quarantine.
7. A harbor commission with power to build a sea-wall and inaugurate a system of slips and piers.
8. The planting of 600,000 fruit trees in the back country and the opening up of a vast area of agricultural land.
9. The development of rich mining property at the Alamo and Julian.
10. The discovery and utilization of mineral water, equal in health-giving properties to the Wisconsin Waukesha.
11. The discovery of coal at Elsinore and Lower California and its development at the former place.
12. The discovery of kaolin clay, and the successful production of porcelain.
13. Suburban watchı and nail factories and a college of letters.
14. Discovery of extensive codfishing banks.
15. Discovery of an immense deposit of Portland cement.
16. Investment of Spreckels Brothers in
Coronado Beaclı, and their construction of a $125,000 coal wharf.
17. Building of a cable railroad system.
18. Pledging of $250,000 to bring in the Union Pacific Railroad, now building towards Southern California.
These are the capital points in the history of the period immediately following the downfall of land speculation.
The population of the county is now 75,000; assessed valuation 'of real estate, $28,480,798; assessed valnation of personal property, $3,774,- 291; assessed valnation of railroads, $3,047,- 190; number of miles of railroad, 340; number of miles of telegraph, 630; number of miles of telephone, 60; number of miles of water flumes, 35; number of cattle in the county, 25,198 .; number of horses in the county, 9,539; number of sheep in the county, 41,779; number of hogs in the county, 2,487; number of stands of bees, 14,947.
The acreage and yield for the past year shows:
ACRES.
YIELD.
Oranges
308
10,250 boxes.
Raisins
8,034
167,000 boxes.
Wine
6 78,500 gallons.
Brandy § 1
2,264
₹ 1,768 gallons.
Deciduous fruits
38,017
740.000 pounds.
Barley
17,384
147,000 centals.
Oats.
160
1,500 centals.
Corn.
400
12,058 centals.
Other crops
15,000
HISTORY OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY.
103
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
LI H. MURRAY, of San Diego, the subject of this sketch, has all the warrant of heredi- tary antecedents for the stability and in- tegrity that in his career he has manifested. His father was born in Washington County, Ken- tucky, whence he removed to Hardinsburg. In the course of his business he brought goods across the Alleghanies and shipped them down the Ohio in flat-boats. He became satisfied that a certain point was a natural location for a city, and so founded there the present town of Clover- port, now of some 2,000 inhabitants.
The elder Murray, merchant and large tabacco dealer, was a man of high intelligence, a repre- sentative Kentuckian. In conjunction with Hon. William F. Bullock, he founded the common- school system of Kentucky. He also gave the ground and built a church for the Presbyterians -his own faith-in Cloverport.
Mr. Murray was married to Mrs. Anna Maria (Allen) Crittenden, a daughter of John Allen, a leading land lawyer, and Colonel of the famous Rifle Regiment of Kentucky. He was killed in the River Raisin, in the war of 1812. The lady's first husband was a brother of John J. Crittenden, one of whose sons by her (Thomas F.), after being graduated in law under his paternal uncle, Thomas F'. Crittenden, settled in Lexington, Missouri, where he became a suc- cessful lawyer, a member of Congress, and finally Governor. An older son, William Logan Crittenden, having been graduated in General
Grant's West Point class, serving in the Mexi- can war with distinction, resigned, and in later years embarked in the revolutionary movement of La Pez, tempted by the thought of freedom for Cuba, and being a man of great impulse, dash and daring, uneasy in the "piping times of peace." He was a Colonel in the ill-fated band, was captured and shot. When ordered to kneel before his executioners, he answered, " A Kentuckian kneels to none but his God," and in spite of all commands and threats was shot standing firin and fearless. The noble, sweet and saintly mother of this brave son was early left a widow, with an insolvent estate and five children. Next to the anxiety for her children was that for her servants, and to avoid the sale of the latter she secured from the estate the management of a factory called a "rope walk," where was inade a coarse cloth for the baling of cotton, which she conducted with such diligence that in three years she had earned enough to redeem her servants from the fate that was im- pending over them, and forty years later these same servants, with streaming eyes, carried her body to the grave. Mrs. Crittenden, by a second marriage, gave birth, in 1843, to Eli Huston Murray, named after a kinsman, Eli Huston, of Mississippi, from whose Natchez office Sargent S. Prentice started upon his brilliant career. His elder brother, Judge John Allen Murray, lives at the old Cloverport home. The third, Logan Crittenden Murray, is now president of
104
HISTORY OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY.
the United States National Bank of New York, and several terms president of the National Bankers' Association of the United States. The fourth, named like his father, David Rodman, was elected State Senator before he was of the age requisite to take the seat; he is now an active lawyer of Cloverport.
General Murray was educated largely by private tutors, and in part at Professor Hogan's High School, Cloverport, from which he entered the army at the age of eighteen years. General Anderson, of Fort Sumter fame, then com- manded the department of Kentucky. Mr. Murray was one of the first soldiers commanded by Sherman in the early part of the war. After several months' service on the front lines of the Union forces, he enlisted under General James S. Jackson, later killed at Perryville, who raised that splendid regiment, the Third Kentucky Cavalry. Murray recruited many men for this regiment, and on its organization he was com- missioned Junior Major. His first fight was a hand-to-hand encounter of four companies of this regiment against Forrest, with two regi- ments, at Sacramento, Kentucky. This was also the first fight of Forrest. In this engage- Inent one-third of Murray's command was on the list as killed, wounded or captured. For- rest was wont to say after the war that this was "the biggest little fight" in which he had shared. In this fight the horse which Murray in boyhood had rearcd from a colt was shot under him, and he escaped only by seizing a horse from which a Confederate officer had just been killed. He served through Tennessee with Buell, to Shiloh, Corinth, across to Alabama, and through what was known as the Bragg campaign in Kentucky. He received promo- tion to the Colonelcy of Jackson's regiment, having been promoted on the field of Perry- ville, upon which his old Colonel, General Jack- son, was killed. Murray served with the regi- ment continuously in the campaigns of the West, re-enlisting it and making it a veteran regiment. He served with McCook's and Min- tie's brigades, and later commanded Kilpatrick's
first brigade, from Chattanooga, and his division after he was wounded at Resaca, Georgia, con- tinning to serve under Kilpatrick and to com- mand his division in the noted raid around the Confederate army at Atlanta, also commanding half of Kilpatrick's cavalry in Sherman's march to the sea. He received complimentary nien- tion in various reports, and special mention by General Rosecrans at Stone River, his promo- tion having more especial reference to his service in the march to the sea. He was sent back with a view to his taking a cavalry com- inand under General Thomas, in a contemplated movement of Thomas on Richmond. His last military service was when he succeeded General Hugh Ewing, at the close of the war, in the western district of Kentucky, where he received the surrender of many Confederates in the grand finale. Being mustered out of service. he studied law with his half brother, Governor Crittenden, of Missouri, after graduating from the Uni- versity of Louisville. At the time of his gradu- ation, a student who had failed presented at Murray's breast a pistol, which at the moment of discharge was struck down by a fellow- student, wounding Murray in the leg. Settling for practice at Owensboro, Kentucky, he was later appointed United States Marshal for that State. He then removed to Louisville, and was reappointed by Grant. He successfully tided over the trying and delicate times of the Civil Rights bill, and of the "Moonshiners," and fought openly and actively the Ku-Klux organi- zation in that State. Helping to found the Louisville Daily Commercial, he became its editor and manager, establishing it firmly as about the only Republican journal south of Mason and Dixon's line, which succeeded amid adverse surroundings .. While thus engaged he accepted President Hayes' offer of the Governor- ship of Utah, to which post he was success- ively reappointed by Garfield and Arthur. He promptly tendered his resignation on Cleve- land's succession to office, but was retained for over a year by that Democratic President, serving, all told, some seven years in Utah.
105
HISTORY OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY.
Having thoroughly studied the situation on ar- riving in the Territory, he devoted himself to the establishment there of a sound government. To his efforts is due the banishment of polyga- mistic members from the halls of Congress. The infamous Mormon leader, Cannon, had boasted that he wore at his girdle the scalps of the preceding Governors unfriendly to them, and that he would have that of Governor Mur- ray. But not so. This incumbent songht to surronnd himself with able prosecuting attor- neys and upright judges; he battled against vexations Congressional delays; against misin - terpretations and misrepresentations, venal and ignorant, from metropolitan journals; against determined savage opposition from the wealth and power of Mormon leaders and their slavishly obedient constituents; but at last he succeeded in procuring the passage of laws, pure and strong, whose faithful execution sent the corrupt Mormon leaders either into perma- nent exile or the penitentiary. Time has proved the justice of Governor Murray's opinion as then announced; that no man can be a faithful Mormon and a loyal citizen of the United States; and that the exercise of political power by Mormon leaders is un-American, and in no sense or manner to be tolerated. Thus the establishment of a good government in Utah is mainly due to his long service, his wisdom and determination.
On leaving this office, Governor Murray, be- coming interested in a railroad enterprise, re- moved to San Diego, California, where he is now engaged in these and other active enter- prises. He is a Lower California land owner, having purchased a large tract of land ten miles south of the Mexican boundary.
General Murray was a bachelor, a husband and a father in the Centennial year, having married in 1876 Miss Evelyn Neale, daughter of E. P. Neale, a Louisville merchant. Their children are: a daughter, Evelyn, and a son, Neale, both born in Kentucky. Mr. Murray positively refused to be put forward again as Governor of Utah on thee lection of President 7
Harrison. He was frequently mentioned in connection with cabinet appointments, although declining to enter the lists of any public official position. The newspapers to-day are quoting Governor Murray as a possible Gubernatorial nominee for California. In view of his past record, certainly it is a strong factor in his honor that no man received more solid support from Republicans and Democrats alike than he, during his service in Utah, and from the press and people of the United States.
ILLIAM HASLAM, of Pleasant Valley, was born December 17, 1828, in Manches- ter, England. His father, Peter Haslam, was born in England, and his mother, nee Judy Curry, was born in Ireland. They had a family of six boys and two girls. Mr. Haslam was the fourth child. In 1836, when he was eight years of age, his parents came to the United States, and settled in the northern part of New York. He attended the public school there, and at the age of twelve he began to do farm work, spent one summer on a boat and continued on a farm until eighteen years of age. He then went" to learn the wagon-maker's trade, which trade he followed for six years and then went back to farming, and for a time engaged in brick-mak- ing. In 1852 he removed to Illinois, where he remained three years, when he moved to Iowa and bought one-fourth section of Government land. After a time he sold that and went to Missouri and bought a farm. He remained there until 1884, when he sold ont and came to California for the benefit of his step-danghter's healtlı, and purchased 280 acres of railroad land and took up 160 acres of Government land in Pleasant Valley. Here he built his residence and other buildings, and has improved the prop- erty, and has 160 acres fenced. He is carrying on a grain and stock farm, raising horses, mules and cattle.
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