USA > California > Los Angeles County > Pasadena > History of Pasadena, comprising an account of the native Indian, the early Spanish, the Mexican, the American, the colony, and the incorporated city, occupancies of the Rancho San Pasqual, and its adjacent mountains, canyons, waterfalls and other objects of interest: being a complete and comprehensive histo-cyclopedia of all matters pertaining to this region > Part 51
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The first transaction I found recorded in regard to the water business was January 17, 1874, when Miles & Holbrook of Los Angeles offered the lowest bid to make and lay for the Association an II-inch water pipe, from Devil's Gate to the reservoir on Orange Grove Avenue; and Eaton, Porter and Gibson were authorized to make the contract. Reservations had been made of reservoir sites at five different points, but this on Orange Grove Avenue was the main one. On February 4th B. S. Easton was formally appointed as superintendent of construction of bed or ditch for the water pipe, and he went on with the work. Meanwhile the settlers themselves did some work toward excavating for the reservoir. On May 4th a bill of $585.47 " for work done on the reservoir and water pipe " was ordered paid. But the early records are very meager and incomplete with regard to the Association's business transactions. On May 23d I found this record : "The charge of the reservoir till further action of the board, was confided to the care of Judge Eaton."
On March 20th A. O. Bristol and Calvin Fletcher had resigned from the board of directors, and Col. J. Banbury and N. R. Gibson were elected in their steads. Then on June 27th Col. Banbury was appointed on the water
DIDE
410
HISTORY OF PASADENA.
DIVISION SIX - BUSINESS.
CHAPTER XXI.
WATER COMPANIES .- The colony's water supply .- Ditches, pipes, and reservoirs .- The water war .- Water measurements and adjustments .- Votes and equities .- Sketch of ten different water companies.
THE SAN GABRIEL ORANGE GROVE ASSOCIATION.
The original colony association that settled Pasadena was in fact a mutual land and water company, and the water interests, plans and pros- pects claimed earnest attention from the beginning. When Calvin Fletcher, A. O. Porter and Judge Eaton were appointed as an executive board for the Association, they agreed that Fletcher should take special charge of the work of subdividing and platting the land ; Eaton should take special charge of the water supply work ; and Porter stood as coadjutor to both. The Association was formally organized November 13, 1873 ; but it took time to bring about all the requisite preliminaries for actual work, and it did not have existence as a corporation under the laws of California until De- cember 13, 1873, the date of its state certificate. Then on December 20, they voted to authorize their proper officers to purchase tracts One, Two, Three, Four, of Rancho San Pasqual, from John S. Griffin. The Associa- tion office was then at No. 32 Main street, Los Angeles. [For particulars of the purchase, the incidental difficulties, etc., see pages 78 to 80, 107-08, 124, etc.]
The first transaction I found recorded in regard to the water business was January 17, 1874, when Miles & Holbrook of Los Angeles offered the lowest bid to make and lay for the Association an II-inch water pipe, from . Devil's Gate to the reservoir on Orange Grove Avenue; and Eaton, Porter and Gibson were authorized to make the contract. Reservations had been made of reservoir sites at five different points, but this on Orange Grove Avenue was the main one. On February 4th B. S. Easton was forinally appointed as superintendent of construction of bed or ditch for the water pipe, and he went on with the work. Meanwhile the settlers themselves did some work toward excavating for the reservoir. On May 4th a bill of $585.47 " for work done on the reservoir and water pipe " was ordered paid. But the early records are very meager and incomplete with regard to the Association's business transactions. On May 23d I found this record : "The charge of the reservoir till further action of the board, was confided to the care of Judge Eaton."
On March 20th A. O. Bristol and Calvin Fletcher had resigned from the board of directors, and Col. J. Banbury and N. R. Gibson were elected in their steads. Then on June 27th Col. Banbury was appointed on the water
15
91 Christian Church.
Baptist Church.
18 - Los Angeles House.
01 First National Bank Block
20 Los Angeles Terminal R. R Dejad
21 Congregational Church.
22 The Garfield School.
23 Catholic Church and School
24 Hotel Green.
25 Wooster Block
26 Santa Fe R. R. Depot.
27 Pasadena Manufacturing Co 's Plant.
28 Methodist Episcopal Church.
29
The Tabernacle.
30-Pre-byterian Church.
47 Calvary Presbyterian Church
48 -Canuery and Crystalizing Works.
19 California Commercial"Co.'s Warehouse.
50 Raymond Depot, Santa Fe Route.
51 - Raymond Depot, Los A. Terminal R. R.
52 Raywoud Hotel
53- The Grant School. 54 Fair Oaks Station, Santa Fe Line 1.amanda Park School.
55-
56 - Episcopal Church, Lamanda Park.
57 - Eaton Canyon.
58 Sierra Madre Villa ( Hotel 1,
59 - Village of Sierra Madre
60 Mt. Lowe Electric Power House at Altadena.
61 - Las Casitas. 62 Millard Canyou.
63- Brown's Peak
64 - Mount Disappointment.
65- Giddings Peak [Echo Pinecrest].
66- San Gabriel Peak.
67 - Castle Canyon, 68 - Echo Canyon.
69 - Leontine Falls
70 Pine Canyon
71 John Muir's Peak.
72 Precipicio Peak
73 Harvard Telescope Point.
74
Monut Harvard Promontory.
75 Pyramid Peak.
76 Santa Austa Canyon
77- San Gabriel Canyon.
78 Henniger's Flat.
Mount Wilson Toll Road. [und car Houses.
Su Pasadena and Los Angeles Electric R. R Power
14
13 The Franklin School Free Methodist Church.
Throop Polytechnic Institute, West Hall
31 Spalding's Family Hotel,
32 Carlton llotel.
33 - San Gabriel Valley Bank
34 Crown Villa Hotel,
35 Public Library,
36- Universalist Church.
37 - WOOD & CHURCH'S OFFER ( Masont Temple)
38- German M. E Church.
39 The Lincoln School, 40 - The Wilson High School
41 - Episcopal Church, 42 Grund Opera Ilouse.
43 Electric Light Works,
41 Echa Mountam House.
: 7
1 anda Vista Bridge, The Scoville Bridge. The Columbia School.
The Painter Hotel
The Washington School.
Las Flores Canyon. Altadena
WOOD & CHURCH'S BIRD'S-EYE VIEW POCKET CUIDE OF PASADENA AND VICINITY.
COPPATOHT 1000,
& CHUNGH
! 'lice's Cannery. ithern Pacific R. R. Depot
Rubio Canyon Washington Heights [ Monks Hill] Mount Lawe Observatory.
45- Prof. Lowe's City Gas Works. Santa Fe R R Freight Ilepot.
79
4II
DIVISION SIX - BUSINESS.
committee, vice Gibson, absent. On July 13th the directors held a meeting at the sand-box [Devil's Gate]; and from this time onward their meetings were held in the colony [at the Secretary's house] instead of at Los Angeles. On August 8th Col. Banbury was appointed to take charge of water distri- bution and issue the permits. And he was thus the first Zanjero of Pasa- dena.
September 12, 1874, mention is made of the lime kiln, and of Banbury and Croft as a committee to look after it ; but no further particulars. Then on October 3d it is mentioned that Eaton and Clapp were authorized to em- ploy a man to chop wood for burning two kilns of lime. [This lime kiln and lime quarry were right where the Lincoln Park reservoir is now, in South Pasadena ; and the lime was wanted for cementing the Orange Grove reservoir, and making cement pipe, etc .- ED.] On November 7th occurs the first mention of Charles Morgan & Co. [of Los Angeles] as the con- tractors for excavating the reservoir, although, as I learn from other sources, they had been at work on it from March; and water was let into one basin of the reservoir, not yet cemented, about the first of July.
On November 12, 1874, occurred the first annual meeting of the Associa- tion. The treasurer reported $2,862.63 on hand. The Superintendent of water works reported the cost and capacity of the system ; but no further particulars appear in the record. It is strangely deficient. The vote on board of directors for ensuing year is recorded thus : For Eaton, 152 shares voted ; Berry, 136; Croft, 150; Porter, 152; Banbury, 138; Gibson, 146; Dr. O. H. Conger, 78. The secretary reported having filed a claim to water in Millard canyon. [This was to supply their body of land now known as Altadena, which then had no water right. And this reported filing seems to have failed to stick, for they finally sold the land without any water right attached .- ED.]
The colony's water service went on without any particular difficulty from year to year, and was finally turned over to their first-born heir and successor, the Pasadena Land and Water Company.
The families that came here to live before the water pipe was laid to the reservoir had to haul water from the Arroyo, except Bristol ; he got permis- sion from B. D. Wilson to tap the old Wilson ditch where it came out on the mesa, and from there he made a plow-furrow ditch down to his place, to serve until the colony pipe was laid. This special advantage seems to have determined Bristol's choice of his colony lot.
THE PASADENA LAND AND WATER CO.
This company was the successor of the original San Gabriel Orange Grove Association ; and the beginnings or forecast of it is indicated in a let- ter written by D. M. Graham to the Riverside Press July 13, 1880, thus :
"An association of fifteen of the land owners on the "Indiana " side
412
HISTORY OF PASADENA.
of the settlement are making preparations to pump Sheep Corral spring water for their own use until the colony is ready to pay them for their works and take the water with the works. This will give the fifteen a superabun- dance of water, and give the rest of the colonists the water the fifteen now use, which is nearly half the present developed supply. This is hailed with delight as the solution of the problem of further water development which has frequently agitated us."
But the new company was not incorporated until March 18, 1882, ac- cording to the county records. And the first record I found of a meeting was on April 21, 1882. The following names were then given as share- holders in the new company :
NAME SHARES.
NAME.
SHARES.
S. Washburn 2
E. F. Graves. I
O. H. Conger 2
E. F. Hurlbut .2
Jeanne C. Carr 6
F. E. Chapman .4
W. C. Lukens .II3
Mrs. M. A. Risley. I
Mrs. M. S. Hill 4
W. J. Bennett. 21/2
Chas. R. Foote 2
H. N. Rust. .4
W. G. Watson I
E. H. Lockwood I
B. Tallmadge. I
M. H. & C. L. Foote 11/2
Geo. Lightfoot .
3
A. K. M'Quilling I 1/3
O. R. Dougherty. 6
C. H. Watts. 5
A. F. Mills I
W. S. Hanaford 1
Joseplı Wallace
4
J. H. Baker
2
B. F. Ball
2
Mrs. R. C. Locke .
4
B. S. Eaton 2
P. M. Green
61/2
J. S. Mills I
A. O. Bristol ·
2
F. S. Clapp .3
James Smith .7
Thos. Nelmes .4
H. J. Holmes
3
Mrs. E. A. Croft. 4
W. J. F. Barcus
.I
S. B. Hunt .. 3
Mrs. Mary S. Mosher
. 2
Edson Turner. 2
E. A. Steele.
I
H. G. Bennett. 312
Alex. Edwards
I
J. H. Ellis I
J. H. Lowell I
W. H. Childs
1/2
James Cambell.
41/3
Geo. Weingarth 2
Mrs. L. Gilmore
4
The first board of directors were O. R. Dougherty, P. M. Green, S. Washburn, H. G. Bennett, A. O. Porter, C. H. Watts, and E. Turner. The first officers were : Dougherty, pres't ; Green, vice pres't; Bennett, sec'y ; Washburn, treas .; A. K. M'Quilling, zanjero [superintendent].
This water company being composed entirely of members of the colony association (and its officers the same), worked in harmony with it. The colony association had been incorporated November 13, 1873, for a term of
W. T. Holmes I
D. M. & M. C. Graham. 2
F. W. Greene. 2
J. Weingarth. . 3
Elizabeth Whittier 2/3
Elisha Millard I
3
W. T. Clapp
.
F. A Clapp
I
H. H. Markham .3
H. L. Bryant I
A. O. Porter. 4
John Ross 2
413
DIVISION SIX - BUSINESS.
ten years ; hence it was necessary to form this permanent company within the colony, to attend to the very important business of the water supply after the original incorporation should expire ; and thus it came into its heritage and managed the water service some months before the property was form- ally conveyed to them. They fixed their capital stock at $50,000, in 200 shares of $250 each.
At a meeting of the San Gabriel Orange Grove Association, October 27, 1883, a resolution was adopted to convey for one dollar in gold coin, all its water interests to the Pasadena Land and Water Co. The items of property conveyed are described in full length of legal technicalities and details, from which I here summarize a few points of historic interest :
Arroyo lots 33 and 49. [Springy land.]
Reservation known as "Church Hill." [Columbia Hill.]
Reservations located on the Holmes tract, the Lockhart tract, and the . Croft tract.
Undivided half of Thibbets' springs, etc.
The Sheep-Corral springs, and the reserved lands and waters in the Arroyo bed ; also the pumping works, pipes, reservoirs, etc.
Its interest in the Elliott & Richardson tract ; and in lot No. 2 of La Canyada ; and an undivided three-tenths interest in sundry other lands and water rights.
All other rights, interests, properties and obligations of the San Gabriel Orange Grove Association.
O. R. Dougherty as president, and H. G. Bennett as secretary, were empowered and directed to execute this conveyance in due form of law. And thereupon the old colony association ceased to exist as a corporate body.
Mr. Dougherty served the new company as president continuously until April, 1891, when he was succeeded by Mr. McQuilling, who had served five years as superintendent. Mr. Bennett had served as secretary of the colony association three years, and has been secretary of this water company continuously from its organization until now- 1895.
As population increased it was found necessary to divide up the water shares into smaller values, in order to provide for a mere " domestic water service " to families owning only a village lot. And to meet this rapidly growing need, the company voted on November 16, 1885, to increase their capital stock up to $75,000, and make the shares number 3,000 instead of 200, and at $25 instead of $250 each. This was preparing for the "boom." During 1885-86 occurred the " water war,"-but as it was chiefly confined to the Lake Vineyard side of the colony, I have given its chief historic points in my sketch of the Pasadena Lake Vineyard Land and Water Co. However, as an incident connected with the controversies of that time, I quote the following historic document :
WATER SUPPLY.
A. K. McQUILLING, EsQ .- My Dear Sir : After carefully going over the calculations from the measurements of the water supply of the Pasadena
414
HISTORY OF PASADENA.
Water Company, taken yesterday by me, with your kind assistance, I find the results to be as follows :
MINER'S INCHES.
The total flow from Thibbets springs. 56.6
Of which there passes into the Pasadena Water Company's pipe. 34.0 Remainder flowing to the Pasadena Lake Vineyard Water Co.'s dam 22.6
Including 2.2 seepage :
The flow of the Ivy springs, passing down to the P. L. V.'s dam 10.9
Total flow of the Flutterwheel springs 26.5
Recapitulating, the aggregate shows as follows :
Thibbets springs 56.6
Ivy springs 10.9
Flutterwheel springs 26.5
Total 94.0 Of which the Pasadena Water Company receives 34 miner's inches, and the Pasadena Lake Vineyard Water Company 60 miner's inches. (A miner's inch equals 1-50 cubic foot per second, or 1728 cubic feet, or 13,000 gallons in 24 hours.)
As I understand the respective rights of the two companies to the various springs, the Pasadena Water Company is entitled to 11-20 of the Thibbets springs, and I-10 of the Ivy and Flutterwheel springs. Applying these proportions to the above figures of volume now flowing, the Pasadena Water Company would be entitled to 34-89 miner's inches. As we have seen, according to the present mode of division, this company is actually receiving 34 miner's inches, which may be considered very close to the mark, taking the many complications into consideration, and reflects much credit upon the zanjero who arranged the device for dividing the water so evenly.
I think a tunnel properly located will develop and concentrate all the water in the vicinity of the Devil's Gate, and I should be greatly deceived if it did not double the volume now flowing. The advantage it would pos- sess over all other methods of diversion of water would be its permanence, and the fact that floods would not affect the quality nor interrupt the flow of the water, which would enter the pipes free from sand, leaves, insects, or any impurity.
JAMES D. SCHUYLER, Asst. State Engineer.
LOS ANGELES, November 4, 1886.
During 1887-88, the two companies finally agreed upon terms of owner- ship and division of the waters at Devil's Gate, and made extensive im- provements, including a large union delivery pipe from the Gate down to Reservoir No. 1, in place of the old " Wilson ditch " which had before sup- plied the Lake Vineyard side, while the Orange Grove side had an 11-inch sheet iron pipe of their own from Thibbets springs to the Orange Grove reservoir. On November 9, 1888, water was first run through this union pipe to Reservoir No. 1. Here it was divided in proportion of 7-10 to the Orange Grove Company, and 3-10 to the Lake Vineyard Company, by a simple device arranged by the engineer, Col. J. E. Place. It was a brass double gate perforated with 4-inch holes-seven in a row in one gate and
415
DIVISION SIX - BUSINESS.
three in a row in the other. The friction, the pressure, and the water level are equal, through each perforation, and thus the flowage through each is equal, and divides the waters in proper proportion to each company con- tinuously, whatever the amount of the main supply may be.
January 22, 1891, the company voted to borrow $50,000 to carry on some necessary improvements, and accordingly issued its bonds at 7 per cent. per annum, interest payable semi-annually. This money was used towards tunneling and piping at Devil's Gate ; enlarging and cementing the Orange Grove reservoir ; laying a large new main down Orange Grove Avenue, and a new 11-inch steel pipe to the South Pasadena reservoir ; put- ting in a new pumping plant at Sheep Corral springs ; building a sub- merged dam there; extending and improving their pipelines; etc. Concern- ing some of these matters I have gleaned a few points and dates. The Star of August 26, 1891, said :
"City Engineer J. W. Sedwick has prepared drawings and specifications for the work proposed to be done near Devil's Gate by the two water com- panies for increasing the flow of water from the vicinity of Flutterwheel springs down to the sand-box. It involves the laying of about 500 feet of 22-inch steel pipe, 350 feet of which will be laid in a 4x6 tunnel under the hill. It is estimated that the work will cost about $2,500."
The same paper of September 2 said:
"At a meeting of the executive committee of the Pasadena Land and Water Company, held yesterday, the contract for laying 2, 100 feet of 1 1-inch steel pipe, to replace the cement pipe to the South Pasadena reservoir, was let to E. White, Sons & Co."
And September 14 it said:
"Contracts were signed today by the officers of the Lake Vineyard and the Pasadena Land and Water Companies and Carmichael, Reed & Gillead, for the work of tunneling at Devil's Gate."
From a report of expenditures in 1893 I quote these items: Income : bonds sold, $27,000 ; water dues, all classes, total, $13,553.93. Expendi- tures-Orange Grove reservoir, $5,132.35 ; pump, boiler and oil plant, $7,356.50 ; work at Devil's Gate, $1,811.59 ; work at sheep corral springs, $5,215.75 ; fuel, $1,956.59. These are the items of special historic interest. But the total income for this year was $41,774.07 ; and total outlay, $38,- 482.53.
It was in May, 1892, that an oil cistern was built under the Los Angeles Terminal railroad, a few rods north of the North Orange Grove Avenue cros- sing, and an oil pipe laid from there to the pumping works, so as to use crude petroleum instead of coal for fuel. And it was in 1892-3 that the submerged dam was built, 22 feet from its top down to bed rock at deepest point. [Find full account of this dam in Daily Star, December 19, 1892.]
In 1894 the pumps were started April 18, and run 13 hours per day, making 212 strokes per minute, and lifting 60,000 gallons of water per hour,
416
HISTORY OF PASADENA.
with a dead pressure resistance on the up-pipe to the reservoir of about 65 pounds per square inch. The apparatus is Worthington's compound duplex condensing steam pump. These data I gathered from C. H. Hovey, the engineer in charge of these works in 1894-5.
The Weekly Star of August 8, 1894, gives an estimate by Thomas D. Allin, civil engineer of the two water companies, that the daily flowage at Devil's Gate was about 225 miner's inches, or about two and a half million gallons per day on April 1, 1894. But the dry season, by July 15, had reduced the flow to 179 inches ; and there was no perceptible diminution after that date.
WATER RATES .- Secretary Bennett, in an article published March 4, 1895, said :
"We have upon our books the names of 750 householders, and of this number 550 pay a monthly rate of $1.25 to $1.60 inclusive; 100 pay $1.65 to $2 inclusive, and 100 pay over $2. These are the rates for eight months of the year. During the four hot summer months, July, August, Septem- ber and October, an additional charge is made for lawn sprinkling, as fol- lows : All lawns 20x 30 feet, or containing 600 square feet, are exempt ; lawns exceeding 600 square feet, and up to 5000 square feet, are charged 25 cents per 1000 square feet ; 5000, and above 5000 square feet, 15 cents per 1000."
STATISTICAL EXHIBIT.
The following table was compiled expressly for this work by Secretary H. G. Bennett, at my request, to show the historic progress year by year of the business of this company, whose territory was entirely west of Fair Oaks and Lincoln Avenues, but included South Pasadena also :
YEAR.
Income.
Expenditures.
YEAR.
Income.
Expenditures.
1882-3
$14,842*
$14,557
1889-90
$11,199
$10,685
1883-4
17,466
16,655
1890-91
10,742
10,073
1884-5
7,07I
6,817
1891-92
32,563}
32,014
1885-6
5,150
4,987
1892-93.
41,774
38,483
1886-7
20,902
12,40I
1893-94.
18,627
12,706
1887-8
29,588
27,355
1894-95.
17,514S
15,412
1888-9
26,565
26,368
The company now has 10 miles of water pipe in use. The total value of its water rights, lands, tunnels, dams, pipes, pumping works, reservoirs, etc., is $250,000. Bonded debt, $50,000. Up to April, 1895, it had issued 825 water permits. The permanent employees are only three : Secretary at office ; superintendent on pipelines ; watchman at water sources. A steam engineer has to be employed to run the pumping works during the dry months.
PASADENA LAKE VINEYARD LAND AND WATER CO.
See page 112, and following, for an account of the second subdivision of colony lands in Pasadena, which was made by B. D. Wilson in 1886, under the name of "Lake Vineyard Land and Water Association."
* Assessments and water dues. # Bonds and water dues. ¿ Water dues only.
·
417
DIVISION SIX- BUSINESS.
In a few years it became desirable or necessary to put the management of the colony's water business into the hands of business men on the ground ; and on July II, 1883, a deed was made by the original Lake Vine- yard Co. and the Orange Grove Co. to A. O. Porter and others as a syndi- cate. January 29, 1884, the people on the Lake Vineyard side formed a new organization under the name of "Pasadena Lake Vineyard Land and Water Co.," with $75,000 subscribed, and on February 5 filed their articles of in- corporation with the county clerk. Capital stock, $250,000, in 5,000 shares of $50 each. The incorporators and first board of directors were S. Town- send, C. C. Thompson, C. C. Brown, Samuel Stratton, G. T. Stamm, C. A. Clark, J. W. Wood. Townsend was elected president, Brown, treasurer, and H. W. Magee, secretary. There were now three different water com- . panies besides " the syndicate " doing business in Pasadena, and the "water question " became a strangely mixed muddle of confusion. The Union of March 15, 1884, said : "About 250 feet of the main ditch [cement] on the Lake Vineyard Co.'s lands were washed out by the late storm. A wooden flume is being put in ; and an assessment of 45 cents per share has been levied to repair damages."
April 26, 1884, the Union mentioned that "over 3,000 shares of the P. L. V. L. and W. Co.'s stock had been subscribed, or about $150,000." Yet the same paper of September 6 said complainingly : "Six months have elapsed since the new company was chartered, yet only about half the old company stockholders have attended to changing their stock."
In the Union of September 27, 1884, three members of the syndicate, H. W. Magee, Geo. E. Meharry, and James Clarke, offered to sell to the new company their holdings in the L. V. Association at a pro rata on $5,000 for the entire property-springs, flumes, ditches, pipes, reservoirs, etc. And accordingly the Union of December 20, 1884, contained an official notice that an election would be held by the new company on January 10, 1885, to accept or reject this proposition from these men, and from any other holders of the old stock who might offer it on the same terms before the day of this election. The paper of same date contained also two other notices by the new company - one of an assessment of twelve cents per share to pay debts necessarily incurred, amounting to $351.75 ; and one for an elec- tion of a new board of directors on January 26, 1885, to serve one year from February 4. The election of January 10, on the syndicate proposition, resulted in 1166 shares voted for accepting it, and 135 shares against.
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