USA > Iowa > Jackson County > The history of Jackson County, Iowa, containing a history of the county, its cities, towns, &c., biographical sketches of citizens, war record of its volunteers in the late rebellion history of the Northwest, history of Iowa miscellaneous matters, &c > Part 73
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616
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
afternoon, and further parleying with Brown and his men was deemed useles's I was not suffered to return to Brown's house. We immediately marched toward Brown's house, but, before reaching it, one of my men, Mr. Palmer, was shot down by a volley fired from the windows of the upper story of Brown's house.
An order to charge was given, when a general engagement took place. Brown's friends, outside, fled as soon as they realized that there was peril ahead of them, and deserted their friend and chieftain in his hour of need and danger.
I have already written and published an account of this bloody encounter, and its results, and have here reproduced this scrap of history for no other pur- pose than to show how much of an effort was made on our part to accomplish the service commanded by the warrant of arrest, without having to resort to violence and bloodshed.
Now, this " Old Settler " seems to know all about the Bellevue war, and repeats word for word what Brown said on the day of the fight. He further says " the mob was very drunk" (meaning the Sheriff's posse), "and that they passed the whisky around frequently, and afterward swore they would have blood." Now, can we come to any other conclusion than that this " Old Set- tler " was on the ground ? He has detailed what he says did occur on the day of the struggle, but he fails to tell us which party he belonged to. There were but two parties in Bellevue on that day-the Sheriff, his posse, and the law- abiding citizens constituted one party ; and Brown, his companions and sympa- thizers in crime, constituted the other party. "Old Settler " says "they passed the bottle around, and swore they would have blood." Of course they did, and it was in Brown's house where the bottle was passed, and all the liquor drank that was drank in Bellevue on that day. Can any one come to any other conclusion, after reading " Old Settler's " statement, than that he was, to say the least of it, one of Brown's sympathizers ?
" Old Settler " states " that he met Fox soon after the fight, when Fox declared to him that he would never do another day's work ; but would rob, steal, etc., for a living." When and where did " Old Settler " meet Fox, to hold these familiar and confidential conversations ? No one in this county, I heard of before now, has seen or conversed with Fox after the time he was seen on Golden's Island, where he went after the fight to get a little money he had left with Mrs. Brown. Why this long silence in relation to Fox? Now, acknowledge the corn, "Old Settler." Was it not on the 4th day of July, 1840, when Fox fired the fatal shot that killed Col. Davenport that " Old Set- tler " saw him ? and was not your conduct on that day similar to that in Belle- vue ? which you have been to so much pains to describe-not forgetting to tell us you were only a looker-on, and that in the hour of danger you were missing.
I have already, in plain terms, spoken of Brown's hospitality, his pleasing and gentlemanly address, and how well calculated he was to win the favorable opinions of those who knew him only as a private citizen, and not as a leader of a bandit gang of plunderers and counterfeiters.
The bloody Ist of April, 1840, had passed, and the lifeless bodies of Brown, Burtis and Day, on the part of the gang, and those of the brave, dauntless and humane Palmer, Brink, Farley and Maxwell on the part of the citizens, told the story of the struggle, and what determined resistance Brown and his men had made the officers of the law in their efforts to arrest him and his band. Now, go with me to the court room. Hon. T. S. Wilson, of Dubuque, was then presiding Judge of this Judicial District, and James Crawford, Prosecuting Attorney.
617
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
Court being opened by the Sheriff (W. A. Warren), the grand jury was called. A petition was presented to His Honor, signed by citizens, asking that the present grand jury be discharged, and that a special Sheriff be appointed to select a special grand jury, to inquire into the wholesale slaugh- ter of human life on the 1st of April, 1840. Anson Harrington, being pres- ent, addressed the Court, and stated that he was one of the parties to that transaction, and that he was authorized by the Sheriff and all those that par- ticipated in the bloody encounter, to say that they not only desired but demanded an investigation at the hands of the Court, and that the chief peti- tioner be authorized by the Court to select a special Sheriff and grand jury, whose duty it would be to inquire into the merits and demerits of the bloody affair of the 1st of April, 1840.
The new Sheriff selected was J. S. Kirkpatrick, then residing near Fulton. He empaneled a new grand jury, who thoroughly investigated the whole mat- ter, and reported that they found the Sheriff and his posse had acted under legal authority in an endeavor to enforce the law; and that they were guilty of no unlawful act or acts, save in the whipping of several of the bandits after they had been captured and were prisoners. They even justified that, on the ground that there was no jail in the county capable of holding them, and that the course taken by the Sheriff was for the best interests of the county. These judicial proceedings may be found in the records of the spring term of court for Jackson County, in 1840. I don't pretend to give the exact wording of the report, but its substance and meaning.
Now, "Old Settler," forty years have passed away since we were tried by a jury of our fellow-citizens, selected by Brown's own friends. That jury not only acquitted but exonerated us from all blame in the matter of driving Brown and his bandits out of the country. We acted under and by authority of law, and were guilty of no crime when we undertook to do our duty by enforcing the law. We have written this article more to vindicate the charac- ters and memories of the honored dead, than to defend the living from the base and baseless charges brought by this man who signs himself " Old Settler."
Very truly yours, W. A. WARREN.
DUBUQUE, September 30, 1879.
W. A. WARREN, Bellevue, Iowa-Dear Sir: I am surprised that any one now living in Jackson County would attempt to vindicate the character of W. W. Brown, who was the leader of a gang of desperadoes that infested your county prior to 1840. I was then your Presiding Judge for several years prior to that time, and know that the criminal docket in Jackson showed the worst state of things there of any county in my district. The criminal docket sbowed crime from the highest to the lowest degree. A conviction for crime was simply impossible. Brown stood ready to prove an alibi, or would man- age, some way, to obtain an acquittal whenever one of his band was brought before the courts. The acts of yourself and posse on the memorable 1st day of April, 1840, had my full approval ; and yourself, and all those honorable men that took a part in that transaction met the approval of a grand jury, selected at the instance of Brown's sympathizers. Your court record should show that fact. Yours truly, T. S. WILSON.
SABULA, Iowa, October 6, 1879.
EDITOR LEADER : My attention has been called to an article in your paper, published over the signature of "Old Settler," purporting to be a leaf
618
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
of early history, in which my name is given for reference to verify the state- ments of this anonymous " Old Settler."
I do not know the author, and he had no authority to use my name for ref- erence. Silence on my part would be tacitly admitting that the statements of this writer were true. I am not and never was a sympathizer with Brown and his clan. I believe he and his men were guilty of many of the crimes charged against them. I know of my personal knowledge that they were guilty of committing many crimes and misdemeanors; and I justify the steps taken by the representative men of the county who drove them from our midst.
Respectfully yours, E. A. WOOD.
[From the Sentinel. ]
TO THE EDITORS OF THE SENTINEL : I noticed an article in the Excelsior, calculated to mislead the minds of the people with regard to the (so-called) " Bellevue war." The writer has withheld his name, yet from the very tone of the language of the article, I know the writer just as easy as the boy knows his daddy. He says: "When organized into Iowa Territory, Cox represented the county in the Legislature (thus far he writes the truth). The people, however, began to think they had better not trust him with so responsible a position any longer. Cox saw that unless something was done he must go down, and William Brown, of Bellevue, was bound to be the leading man of the county." The writer says that Cox told his friends that Brown was getting rich too fast to get it honestly, and that he thought there was a gang of thieves and counterfeiters at Brown's, and he proposed driving them out of the country. But I here say that the mob sent the Sheriff twice to conciliate with Brown, but without success ; the mob of sixty men then marched in front of Brown's house and demanded a surrender, which was refused, and a shot was fired from Brown's house and killed a man by the name of Palmer; then the war began. When the gang were conquered and captured, scourged and driven off, somebody came to Col. Cox and said: " Colonel, why didn't you let me know of this and I would have been with you," when at the same time somebody's rifle was in Brown's house. Somebody was always suspicioned of being accessory to the depredations, directly or indirectly; but, one or two queries I must ask. First, why did the gang of desperadoes happen to be at Brown's house armed to defend him, if Brown was innocent? Stand up, Mr. Somebody, and explain. Second, why was the writer of the article so familiar with Fox, to be told by him, after being scourged and driven off, that he would never do another day's work for a living, but would steal, rob and murder? Rise up, Mr. Writer, and speak out, and clear your skirts. Some- body knows who stole Mr. Scott's mare and run her off, and somebody was accessory in helping to acquit Montgomery, after being convicted of murder by conclusive testimony and sentenced to be hung. Now let us see how much danger Cox was in of being swindled in office by Brown. They nominated their best man as candidate, and Cox wiped him out so clean that there was not a grease-spot left of their candidate. But I must go back and close up the Brown estate. The writer says that "Brown bought his hotel of one Peter Dutel (that is true) and owed Peter Dutel $700 or $800 for the same when he was killed." But somebody stepped in and administered Brown's estate, and imitated the monkey that divided the cheese between the two cats. The mon- key bit off a piece for each cat, but one piece being smaller than the other he bit off another piece to add to the small piece which made the small piece too large, and he kept changing until he got the whole himself and kept nothing
619
HISTORY OF JACKSON COUNTY.
for the cats. But you will notice that somebody was more liberal than the monkey, for the administrator bit off a good chunk for the widow and a good chunk for himself, then a good chunk for the widow and then a good chunk for himself, until there is nothing left for the creditors, and Peter Dutel never got one dollar. But the widow went off with several hundred dollars, and some- body brought home $300 or $400 in gold, a cow worth $40, a nice bureau, and a good feather bed. Another item I had forgotten. As. the writer said so much about Col. Cox sticking to his Monongahela, I will merely say that I have seen the writer carry a bottle of whisky to the election to buy a drunken man's vote, and he bought it for a drink of whisky. If I have not hit the right man, I have hit one who resembles him very much. A PIONEER.
P. S .- The named article was calculated to be damaging to the history of Jackson County, by misrepresenting the facts of the Bellevue tragedy ; but 1 think the writer of the article had better awaited until every honest man was dead, who knew the facts, before he wrote such an article, and as the Excelsior has published the article without the writer's name, I offer mine with same reserve against the publisher's rules.
VOTE OF JACKSON COUNTY, IOWA, AT THE GENERAL ELEC- TION, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1879-(OFFICIAL).
STATE TICKET.
COUNTY TICKET.
GOVERNOR.
LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR.
SUPERIOR JUOOE.
BUTT. PUBLIO INSTRUCTION.
SENATOR.
REPRESENTATIVES.
(Republican).
(Democrat).
(Greenback ).
(Republican).
(Democrat).
(Greenback).
(Republican).
(Democrat).
(Greenback).
(Republican).
(Democrat).
(Greenback).
(Republican).
Pierce Mitebell
John Watson
J. W. Miles
G. W. Kelsall
S. S. Simpson
A. W. Richardson
John Stuart.
E. S. Hathaway
Bellevue
162
228
55
165
225
55
164| 226
55
164
56
182
212
50
104
138
255
189
106
38
Brandon
99
131
7
99
131
7
100
130
97
133
7
110
123
6
105
118
115
164
187
6
5
Fairfield
30
119
11
30
119
11
30
119
11
30
119
11
41
113
4
34
33
104
135
2
0
Farmer's Creek ..
143
130
22
143
130
22
143
130
22
144 152
130
21
149
129
17
1431
136
132
133
85
73
2
5
Jackson
38
126
2
38
12G
222
141
89
10
155
82
10
149
71
110
3
79
100
3
81
70
93
107
8
3
South Fork
240
159
119
250
158
119
250
158
102
2
33
102
2
41
95
2
13
20
121
89
16
2
Union
123
94
11
123
94
11
124
93
11
122
94
12
115
105
8
106
152
146
105 116
15
18
Washington
26
114
5
26
114
5
26
114
5
26
114
5
39
99
5
25
26
109
113
8
4
Total ..
1797|2353
421 1843 2353
420 1854 2354
420 1816 2358
445
1978 2246
387 1760 1807 2350 2311
460
394
Majorities,
COUNTY TICKET-CONTINUED.
SHERIFF.
TREASURER.
AUDITOR.
SCHOOL SUPER- INTENDENT.
SUB- VEYOR.
CORONER.
SUPERVISOR FOURTH DIST.
TOWNSHIPS.
(Republican)
(Democrat).
(Greenback).
(Republican).
· (Democrat).
(Greenback)
(Republican).
(Democrat).
(Greenback).
(Republican).
( Democrat).
(Greenback ).
(Rep. and Greenb'k).
A. C. Simpson
James Hollister
A. S. Carnaban
P. L. Lake
B. F. Thomas
A S. Carnahan
George Collimiest
Bellovue
319
107
15
170
228
45| 181
203
60
191
45
186
259
232
169
45
105
124
8
90
146
2
135
103
1
76 153
3
121
117
125
7 97
123 12
Butler
20
170
6
2
195
30
158
2
1
196
1
11
187
5
188
G
Fairfield
41
108
10
24
133
2
40
118
1
31
124
3
32
127
30
124
G
125
2%
137
123
29
Iowa.
157
72
2
149
76
2
160
67
122
162
31
239
169
55
233
231
179
217
71
Monmouth
163
80
76
165
90
138
64
102
114 140
118
85
238
194
92
308
178
93
33
102
2
Union
140
82
5
107
115
5
13Ł
90
117
104
7
19
109
171
145
113
21
61
77
1
41
101
7
27
113
5
27
113
5
31
214
20
114
5
2262 2002
319 1728 2568
289 2271 2047
297 1879 2409
Majorities.
260
890
224
520
750
379
171
SCATTERING .- Dung in, Prohibition, for Governor: Iowa Township, 17; Msquoketa, 4; Perry, 4; South Fork, 7; Van Buren, 19. Tots , 51. W. C. Gregory, for Treasurer, 1. John Donnelly, or Treasurer, I. M. Mshoucy, for Sheriff, 1 John Stuart, for Senator, 2. Divis, for Sher ff 3.
We hereby certify the above to be a true and correct abstract of the votes cast at the General Election he'd Octo- ber 14, 1879, in the county of Jackson, State of Iowa, for the offices named, as shown hy the po 1-books returned from the severs! townships and elect on precincts thereof. JAMES DUNNE, Chairmsn,
Witness our hands this 20th day of October, 1879.
BENJAMIN A SPENCER, W. C. MORDEN.'
Attest: W. C. GREGORY, County Auditor.
FRANK SCHLECHT,
Bosrd of Supervisors of Jackson County, Iowa.
5
189
6
5
189
6
5
190
5
5
190
5
21
173
4
5
27
(Greenback).
( Republican).
(Republican).
(Democrat).
(Democrat).
(Greenback)
(Greenback).
John H. Gear
H. H. Trimble
Daniel Campbell
Frank T. Campbell
J. A. O. Yeoman
H. H. Moore
J. M. Beck
Renben A. Noble
M. H. Jones
Carl W Von Coelln
Erwin Baker
J. A. Nash.
62
80
141
25
17
148
81
9
9
31
152
1
30
152
1
30
153
1
30
153
1
30
152
1
31
30
149
153
3
1
71
110
3
71
110
3
71
110
3
119
242
159
126
258
123
114
214
245
155
155
115
123
Tets des Morts ...
35
101
2
31
102
2
18
146
111
18
137
112
27
138
119
21
185
185
218
59
GO
Monmouth.
171
70
81
171
70
81
180 171
223
65
180
222
67
203
216
1 52
31
33
132
75
67
76
80
Perry ..
150
82
10
155
9
156
152
122
109
99
7
7
Van Buren ...
134
110
17
145
112
510
500
542
268
543| 504
( Republican ).
(Democrat).
(Greenback) ..
T. H. Davis
D. T. Farr
120
32
132
147
15
201
83
11
122
155
13
168 90
141
12G
40
1
40
110
3
Maquoketa.
158
264
42
149
289
36
274
177
70
7
144
133
45
252
70
169
70
82
140
Perry ..
199
42
4
152
89
6
133 42
94
90
69
107
3
58
125
73
108
9
113
Tata des Morts.
71
65
1
33
103
33
103
2
42
94
2
45
18
210
123
95
Van Buren
154
104
16
156
11%
7
177
91
12
145
113
32
152
30
153
1
109
74
197
99
219
210
97
323
1
46
137
1
159
87
151
90
4
68
157
2
78
103
1
29
155
69
112
3
W. C. Gregory
O. P. Butterworth
James A. Ferrell
W. H. Fort
Charles A. Miller
R. W. Henry
S. Perin
(Democrat).
(Republican).
(Democrat).
(Greenback).
...
...
Jackson
68
95
1
35
129
1
43
1
50
115
1
133
18
148
26
Otter Creek
48
118
26
Asber Riley
M. Mahoney
Hosea Goodenow
76 126
3 2
38
126
2
42
123
Maquoketa.
179
221
65
181
152
76
3 2
38
70
81
,171
70
81
179
Otter Creek.
25
141
25
25
141
25
141 82
16
181
56
145
75
10
149
141
123
1
1
Iowa
135
76
4
171
168
140
G
7
Butlar
76
3
25
Prairie Spring. Richlaod
556
Alfred Fellows
Farmer's Creek
139
124
143
151
77
3
121
Prairie Spring Richland
South Fork
229
248
155
404/
342
513
40
Total
304 1910 2660 1907 2286
1
79
3
151
33
157
82
208
Brandon
.
124
22
152
64
224
84
225
T. E. Cannell
(Democrat).
TOWNSHIPS.
Washington
39
65
34
BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY.
ABBREVIATIONS.
.. company or county I. V. I. Iowa Volunteer Infantry dir. .........
.dealer
P. O ... . Post Office I. V. A .. Iowa Volunteer Artillery
S. or Sec. Section
I. V. C .. Iowa Volunteer Cavalry .street
MAQUOKETA TOWNSHIP.
DR. J. H. ALLEN, physician and surgeon ; is a native of Coos Co., N. H .; was born June 13, 1818; his family removed to Albany, N. Y., when he was very young ; after reaching manhood, he studied medicine with James F. Sargent, M. D., of Lowell, Mass .; he attended lectures four terms, and graduated at Hanover, N. H .; he practiced medicine in New Hampshire ten or twelve years. While there; he married Miss Judith Sargent, of Concord; she died in 1852, leaving three children-Kate, James H. and Sarah J .; in 1856, Dr. Allen determined to come West; he took passage on the steamer Niagara, which was burned off Sheboygan, in September, 1856, when there were 200 lives lost; he was among the few saved, but he lost all he had; he came to Iowa and located in Maquoketa in the following November ; he practiced his profes- sion here until 1862, when he was appointed surgeon of the 18th I. V. I .- served two years, and was discharged for disability ; after his return from the service, he held the office of Assessor for three years, and also the office of Postmaster and Mayor of the town. On the 24th of September, 1857, he married Mrs. Nancy R. Lyon, formerly Miss Nancy R. Hall, daughter of Asahel Hall, one of the early settlers. Mrs. Allen is a graduate of Miss Field's Seminary, at Erie, Penn. She married P. A. R. Brace, of Prairie du Chien, Wis .; he died, leaving one daughter, Mrs. William Stephens, of Maquoketa. In 1853, Mrs. Allen married G. D. Lyon, who died in 1855, leaving one son, George B., now practicing dentistry in Philadelphia. Dr. and Mrs. Allen have one son, Ethan Allen, who graduated in the Law Department of Michigan University, in March, 1879. Mrs. Allen is an active worker in the reform movements of the day; she was the first Secretary of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, of Iowa ; she was a delegate to the National Temperance Convention, at Cleveland, in 1875, and is Secretary of the State Woman's Suffrage Association.
D. H. ANDERSON, of the firm of Derby & Anderson, general merchants, Main street, Maquoketa; is a native of Rockingham Co., Va .; born Aug. 24, 1843; with his parents, came to Iowa and located in Jackson Co. in 1854; he grew up to manhood here, and in 1863, engaged in mercantile business, in Maquoketa, and con- tinued for nine years; he was on the road for five years, selling goods, and in June, 1879, he associated with W. S. Derby, in mercantile business; he held the office of Town Treasurer for five years. Aug. 15, 1871, he married Miss Mary L. Goodenow, daughter of John E. Goodenow, one of the oldest and most honored settlers of Jackson Co. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have two children-Alice and Berthia.
LYMAN BALLARD, retired ; was born in Georgia, Franklin Co., Vt., Feb. 14, 1798, and learned the trade of carpenter and joiner; he lived there until 1848 ; September 5, of that year, he started for Iowa, and arrived in Jackson Co. Sept. 30, and located in Maquoketa ; the following year, he built the house where he now lives, and has lived here over thirty years; he engaged in building, and continued until
622
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES :
within the past four years, and has been connected with that business over fifty years. He married Miss Lucy Mears, of Georgia, Franklin Co., Vt., March 22, 1822; they celebrated their golden wedding March 22, 1872, and have lived together over fifty- seven years ; they have five children-Lepha, Lucy Ann, Frances Jane, Amanda and Wayland L.
W. SCOTT BELDEN, publisher of the Jackson County Record, Maquo- keta ; is a native of Hornellsville, Steuben Co., N. Y., and was born Sept. 4, 1835; when 17 years of age, he went South, and taught school in Kentucky for four years ; he then came to Jackson Co., and arrived in Maquoketa March 1, 1857, and engaged in the drug trade. He enlisted July 24, 1861, in Co. L, 2d I. V. C., and was commissioned First Lieutenant ; he served in the Adjutant General's Department for two years, and was in every battle and skirmish of the department; he was commis- sioned Captain in August, 1863 ; after the war he returned here, and in the fall of 1865, was elected Sheriff of Jackson Co .; he was editor of the Excelsior for seven years ; over one year ago, he established the Record. He married Miss Evelyn Humphrey, from Erie Co., N. Y., Oct. 31, 1874; they have one son-Howard H., born March 28, 1876.
T. E. BLANCHARD, of the firm of Gregory & Blanchard, attorneys at law ; is a native of Jackson Co., Iowa, and was born Feb. 15, 1842; he lived near Sabula, until 18 years of age; enlisted in August, 1862, in the 24th I. V. I., and was Sergeant of Co. A; he was in all the battles of the regiment ; among the most severe engagements, was the battles of Port Gibson, Champion Hill, siege of Vicksburg; he was in the Red River campaign, and also in the Shenandoah campaign, in battles of Winchester, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek ; he was wounded twice in the last battle at Cedar Creek ; honorably discharged in May, 1865 ; after his return to Iowa, he engaged in teaching in the Commercial College, in Burlington, for a time, then returned here, and served as Deputy County Recorder ; he was appointed County Auditor, to fill a vacancy; was elected to the same office in 1869, and re-elected in 1871; he read law, and was admitted to the bar in January, 1878; he has held town and school offices. In 1862, he married Miss Sarah E. Walker, a native of Sabula, Jackson Co., Iowa; they have four children-Minnie A., Edward P., Luella M. and Edoa.
ROBERT L. BLESH, of the firm of Wolf & Blesh, brick 'manufactur- ers, Maquoketa ; is a native of Germany ; born in April, 1842 ; his parents emigrated to America when he was very young; came to Iowa and located in Jackson Co. in 1847 ; he lived in Tete des Morts Township until 1854, when he went to Rock Island Co., Ill .; he eulisted in the 126th I. V. I., Co. E; he was at the sieges of Vicksburg and Little Rock, and in many fights and skirmishes; he served three years ; after the war he returned to this county ; he associated with Mr. Wolf and engaged in manufac- turing brick, and they make an excellent quality. He married Miss Etta Springer, from Canada, in 1871 ; they have two children-Caddie and Archie.
WILLIAM C. BOARDMAN, retired, Maquoketa ; is a native of Wind- sor Co., Vt., and was born March 22, 1804; he grew up to manhood there, and, when 22 years of age, removed to St. Johnsbury and became connected with the scale works of Fairbanks & Co .; remained there until 1856, when he came to Iowa and located at Maquoketa and since then has resided here. In 1832, he married Miss Mary Benton, a native of Waterford, Caledonia Co., Vt .; after living together forty-six years she died May 12, 1878, closing an honored and useful life. Mr. Boardman, although taking a deep interest in the affairs of the city and county, has steadily avoided politica; when he began life he had nothing, and, by industry and good management, he has become one of the most substantial and wealthy men of Jackson Co.
DR. A. B. BOWEN, physician and surgeon ; is a native of Eastford, Windham Co., Conn .; born April 12, 1842; he attended Mexico Academy, in Oswego Co., N. Y .; afterward studied medicine and graduated at the Albany Medical College in 1868; the following year he came to Iowa and located in Maquoketa and since then he has practiced his profession here ; he is a member of the Iowa and Illinois Central District Medical Association and the Iowa State Medical Association, and also of the
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