USA > Illinois > Edwards County > Standard atlas of Edwards County, Illinois : including a plat book of the villages, cities and townships of the county. Map of the state, United States and world. Patrons directory, reference business directory and departments devoted to general information. Analysis of the system of U.S. Land surveys, digest of the system of civil government, etc. etc, 1907 > Part 4
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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE.
The head of the Department of Justice is the Attorney-General, who is appointed by the President, and receives a salary of as tod rer annum. The principal as-ist int of the Attorney-General is the Solitair- General, who recen es 85,000 per year. There are a number of assist- ant attorney-generals who receive $1,000 per annum, and a special assistant attorney general is appmuted for near'y all of the various departments, including the Treasury, State, Post Office and Interior De- partments, Besules these there are a number of special omcials con- nected with the Department of Justice, such as examiner of titles, wio receives 22,90 per annum; superintendent ot buildings, &2,500; a'i- pointment and disbursing clerk, 82,000, and attorney in charge of pardons, 22,4.
The Attorney-General is the legal adviser of the President, and it is the duty of the Department of Justice to give all opinions and rencer all services requiring the skill of persons learned in the law necessary to enable the Freswhenit and other officers of the various Government departments to discharge their respective duties. This department Is alsu required to prosecute or defend all suits or proceedings in which the L'nited States is interested. The Attorney-General has general super- vision over all the solicitors for the various department .; and also exet- cries general superintendence and direction over all United States marshals and U'nited States district attorney> of all the districts of the United State, and Territories.
INDEPENDENT DEPARTMENTS.
There are several independent departments, which, although none of them are as winfortant as the foregoing, and their heads are not Cabinet members, yet they form a very necessary part and attend to very important bran i hes of the National Government
Government Printing Office. The head of fus branch of public work is the l'ablic Printer, who is appointed by the Presplent, and receives a salary of cf,um per year. His chief cierk is paul Shed pur year, and there is a foreman of printing and a foremian et binding. cach of whom te ene alloy per annum.
Civil Service Commission. This commission consists of three com- missioners, each of whom are paid + 200 per will. The chief examiner connectedd & th the commission is parf &l'm) per anmin, and the secretary glimm
Interstate Commerce Commission. This commission was create 1 for the purpose, atal chargesl with the duty, of ster g that the Laws rups- lating interstate con maru were faithfully execute ! and observed, and to present unpast diss ranitiatum on the juart a milay corporatomis att I comint carriers. The commission con-isis of five contaissotel. appointed from different ser tions of the United States, en h of whar i receives a salary ut ¿i, wN jar year. The secretary of the commi. you receives a salary of 61, 2m) per num.
Department of Labor."['lu general design of this department ist collect, assett at I systematize statistical details relating to the different branches of Libor in the United States. The head of this department is known - oneswoner of the Department of Labor, and he is paid
www. per an juin. His chict clerk rece.ves 84,500 per year, and il. ning clerk el,IHJ.
JINKCIARY.
T "ial powers of the United States are vested in the following- bamed . nt, viz . The United States Supreme Cont, consisting one chirf ptistic and eu bt a. uette jestites; the I'nited States Court of Iterms, which consists of me thiel poque fel bauer judges; the auf Ihstraat Cowar's. All jeneless" of United Sta .. . ants are appointed for life, ne dung " pellibusier." "The chest we've of the United States Suptime ( ob teres salary of Blue) per anmen, and the 4 .. . tate justies eligsy rach. "The dirent julge's receive a salary of
The pit. con K. net the I mited States Courts oytrudy to all cases 12
that, to controtiroirs in which the I mated Suites s'all be a patty; in"
their mi why va ,dat pa poty il 'mfr m Loopt hisorgail mich wi, In the other Cases the Supreme Court he appellate jurisdictam.
The legislative powers of the I'mtell States are vester in a Com-
The wife of Little want touse root dos & tot & vit in all of the States
NECHFIARY OF ANTAFE.
The office of Secretary of State is one of the most unpartant ittu es within the gift of t'es people of a State, and the outline exists timber the ninie . revers store in the Union, "The secretary of State may In the to be the offer mal Secretary of the Governor, nul countersg is all cope m4 volta Katil by the chief exsentive, and he is the custoshim of the Groit Still the Stud As a role it is the duty of the Southany ot "tie tar It the House of Representatives to maler ,and posile wal Win,WITTY PT. 1 11; officer, or speak+ 1, 1> etui tol. It is foy duty trosce ti D'hudsan fieford tor the Leshiture or General Asumdds, It papen's the leer lative manual and Games it to be printed nad dis- fr but Iser tres the printing and distribution of the State law -; unless and the s & veentive dounmens; provides and distributes cheton bla k : his ware of all books, falls, papers, etc., of the legislature, a. d is pikeneally "leeper of all public aus, laws, records, bons, the." The ", Fre. us of State is required to keep a register of all the official Je's ot The Governor, and atives the Seal of the State to all other il companies ons eir, keeps a record of them, and is obliged to give any person a tope of the sime when den inde 1. In all of the States the Secretary of St . . so member of a number of the official Sutte turis, but no list of these coubl be given that would apply to all States, as they are different m the various States.
NTATE AUDITOR
The office of Auditor of State exists utider one namne or another in " carly every State in the Union. The title of this office, however, Is not | the in all the States, as in many of them, notably California, Connecti- The House of Representatives is the " Lower House of Congress." Each State in the Union is divuled unito congte-stobal districts, of as nearly equal population as is practicable. In each district a represent- otte is elected by the people for a term of two years, and each is paul a sa'ary of $4,000 per year. Besides these, a delegate from each or jan- Led Territory is admitted to the House of Representatives, who Is BDt entitled toaste, but has the right to debate on all subjects in which the Territory wach he represents has an interest, No person can be a rep- Tesenttive who has not attained the age of twenty-five years, been for s-ven years a citizen of the Unned States, and is at the time of his election an unhabitant of the State from which he is cho-en. All Inils lot raising revenue must originate in the House of Representatives. cat, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, South Carolin.i. l'eunessec, Texas, and a few others, it is known as State Comptroller. In a lew of the States, including Michigan and Pennsyl- sarri, the office is called Auditor General, and in two of the States the public accounts are audited by a Board of Auditors, In all the States, however, the duties that devolve upon this branch of the Site govern- intuit que practiemily the same, and'a general explanation of the scope of work handled by the State Auditor in one S'ate will apply, except as reg teils minor details, to all of the States. it is the duty of the State Auditor to keep the accounts of the State with any other State or Terri- tory, and with the United States and all public officers, corporations and midividuals having accounts with his State. He audits the accounts of all public officers who are to be paid out of the State Treasury, and all persons who are authorized to receive money out of the State 1 reasury. In fact, all clauums against the State which are to be paid out of the Stufe Treasury must be presented to the Auditor, who, after the same 15 adjusted, issues warrants therefor payable at the Treasury! A Cr .ti- STATE GOVERNMENT. plete record of cach warrant is kept by the Auditor, who also keeps an T HE method of State government throughout the United States tolunws very closely the general plan of government that pre- vats in national attairs. The various functions of government an State affairs are handled in departments, with a State officer at the head of rach branch, and the lines are clearly drawn account with the heute Treasurer, charging him with all meneys rundl into the Treasury, and giving credit for all warrants paid, and the books und vouchers of the Treasury must balance therewith, as seitenients pre made between these two officers at stated intervals, In a number of the Status the Auditor is charged with a general supervision tiver certani between the executive, legislative and judicial powers. All the States | corporations, such as insurance and hanking corporations and build ng are governed under a constitution, wirch outlines and defines the I and Join associations and in some States is ex officio a member of a number of State boards. He generally has authority to make and eve- u'te satisfactions of judgments and assignments thereof in behalt of the State.
STATE TREASURER
This is one of the most important executive offices in the gift of the people of a State. The State Treasurer handles vast sums of the peo- pile's money, and as a rule a very heavy borvl, ranging from 8000,00 up into the millions, is required of him; and generally the Goverher is emt- Janwered to deinand additional bonds if be deems the bond insufficient in fully protect the State.
1 he duties of the State Treasurer are implied by the title of the office, aml they are very much the same throughout all of the States . 1 the Union, The State Treasurer is custodi.in of all the State fuinls. He deposits these funds in banks, wluch give bonds to secure the Treasurer or State against bass, and which pay interest on daily balune. The Treasurer prays out State [truls only on warrants issued or sighed by the State Valitor, or other proper oficial, and a full record of will warrants is i ept in both the redning office aml Treasurer's office. The pan Is which the Treasures receives the revenues of the State is different in dufr rent States. In some States the Anhitor issues an order for hinit picie the som and charres the amount agamist the Treasurys t others he is charged with all moneys winch he is entitled to receive, nad then given credit for delinquentes. In still other Sites the Its surer issues duplicate receipts for all moneys paid in, which must be count- sighol by the Auchtor to be valut, and one of these must be deposited with in . Audit, so he may change the amount against the 'La. smer in this way i dontle system is carrieil on -both Aintitor and bu stier keep y afull moment of all ananys reserved stor and mat, and I'm book - stal warts must balance, as it stated intervals the Incasmer must anal + settlements with the Auchtor and submit looks, vous hers then, to the Lamislitine. In most of the States th. Stane Thisunris ringmuy Du publish at stated touch, in the new spap r- at the capetil, an fenn .il Y iten nit of the public ations, typembtures, fonts, ruerias and disbur ments. He is also required to make a complete ro port in 1 the State the las as sery cupli & m outlining the duties of the Spilt
5.1 . the Lawyer ir al ut ur tun other State officials constitu I melserand the state iresuper ,and ascertain the air att of
The Autority Gesandt i de pape po 'ns, i, the gepeeit Jest
tite asticot, the wish to the shares has ans sietest, to consult with wood
. zupani prosent this, It is het duty to con ait with and serve the
NA OGR & CO., IN THE BEER E DE THE MARRAMAY OF CONHILAN AT WASHINGTON D. C.
ENTERED ACCORDISHE TH ALT OF CONHRFAN IN THE YEAR A. J
amal ost sanghits and it isantes, to des late wir to as as sand support vonor should be visive arons kann, he shall slutning the counton one of some to
on the showand others artist the list of stars, Brewing
any Time respecting the establishment of sale son, ou pardulating the five asenvase the real, of allgang the freedom of speech, or of the guess, or the to hit of the parigite pasas cably to assemble, and to petition Is particol the most of a theas antos except it was pt tabelle or payer 's low can be passed. No tus of duty . in Der lund an with his 4 spaptil from any State. No preference can be given by any te ruta. tion of commerce of revenue to the parts of our State over those of Mother No title of nululity car be granted Is by Law passed Is The following is a list of the chut gamins a mested with the Department of Agriculture and their salaris .. " ! the best will also suite Congressi just be submitted to the President for his appris il. If t. Especias it will have esloges tions, or satoes it, the me stre ming be passed to multe the war was lines of work bundled in and the & msound, es i ever! svet liv a two things vote of both branches of Congress. sluch devolve e umy the department, si: As it were my of . .. culture receives et 0 per annum; chief of Weather Bureau, dvd; shit of Buress of Ammid Industry, &Soul, statis tomu, Sinh chef, of forestry at sio, eljurk; pomolog .- t, 83, w. c' .ut of vegetable pathol- ogy divis on, $2jaki, mitcruscomist, ¿su; director of pifre of ev; eri- niental station4, 2. vakt, chiet division of accounts, aJA); chiet of division of records und ale 23, 82bun; chet of division of tilustrations and engravings, about, horticulturist, 8400.
Tie berate, or the " Upper House of Countries" is composed of two Senators front each Site in the Umion, I'ney atee acted Is the Le. psi- tures ut their respective Stites, for the term of st. years, auml receive a AJ'ity of 2 ,000 per annum. No person can be elected to the United Sittes Sunnite who has not attained the age of thute yeire, been mne to its die tilen of the Urted States, and is when en cued an halstant v: the > ate from winch he is chosen. The Semite b's sole power to tre impec ments, Its content and continuation is necessary for all mtportant officers appointed by the President, Its conseut is also nec- essary to conclude any treaty.
powers which each of these departments shall extreise and powers. All of the minst importan, State officials are elected by the people, but in many of the States the less important offices are filled by appoint- ment of the Governor, by and with the consent of the State Senate.
GOVERNOR
The Governor is the highest executive officer in all the States of the Union, and is elected by a direct vite at the people. The term no other saries mater ally in the different States, ranging from two tor's years. As to the matter of salary that the Governor receives, it also ditters widulv throughout the different States and is subject to frequent change. At the present writing tun States-New York and Pennsylvania -Tv Their Governors $t0,000 per y1. 1, Uhnors aml Calforint lunch pry 20320g per amiani; Minnesota, Indiana, Kentucky, Masachusetts, Missouri, Nevada, New jersey, Vingima and Wisconsin all pay SUMMI per year, Maryland pary54, 340, Mengan, Limusina, Mississippi, OHno, Tenues- NEL and Texas fray $1,(k), Florida aid Arkansas pry : 350; Albuma, Contudo, Josa, Kansas and North Carolina all My's Home, West Vir- ma, #2,50, Montana and Washington, SA00; the Hukomis aml Netnaska, (2,000 Comecuent, Delaware and Maine, 83Fre; Oregon, ¿1.300, and New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Verniont 81,000. Ahunt the otny statesur ut concern . the gn shmi ations required for this office tr at wwwill be common to ad the States is that he 'ing.the a citizen of the state in winch he is electet. It must of the States, in addmion to the silary wit ud, the Cwwerner is furnished with a residence, which is known as the "1 xecutive Mansiott."
The powers phul doties that devolve upon the Governor are about the sume in a' of the States, le is charged with a general superse nos over the faithful execution of the Lins, amil is the bestcustodian of all the property of the St & not spa de dly citruste! to other officers 1 y law, and is authorized to take sommary po sessionof spel property. He is expected to communist_ by messine to with sesstate of the State
are many of that body whenever the juble we Lot man the muted. Ile atteints to the summe leely for all minte ss ro podlamlp ulant, . il
i up'med, vate of that Jordy. The coverme is ommun ken chief of
(type
SUPPLEMENT V
DIGEST OF THE 'SYSTEM OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT.
UTHERMTATE DI FICFIN
STATE NI
The duties of the State Superintenplent are very much like at all
h & authority to get in Bed to the pal as salues, what he is antla rust schools, It is his duty tauschte at regamer I tell us to peris the sail | att, , ali for d'un the times of the Suites, some of them Now
;** , . educatori mistitht ons amit tic all prijars, is juifs aind & VI- une we trustisttuitter to hunt by hwat or county shinn office's. He is the Queval adviser and assistant of the various county superintendentset school officers, to whom he must give, when requested is wtaten di mmen upon questions ar ane under the school law it is also bis auf w bear and deterinne controversies arising water the sele 1 Laws con ing to him by appeal from a county superitte Ment of schnell wiem! He prepares and distributed school registers schund banks, cic, and is generally given the power to make sure y rules and regulations in die necessary to carry rito em. ent and umitorin elect the provisions of the | lays relating to schools. The State Superintendent to tequirul to make a detailed report to each res dar session of the State Legislature, show- ing an abstract ot the cor men & neol reports a statement of the city- tion of public schoo's and state educational mstitutions, the anuntat et money collected atul expended, and all other matters relating to the schools or schmol tands that have been reported to han, He is for- bidden from becoming intereste_ in the sale of any school turintare, book or apparatus.
STATE LIBRARELN.
In nearly all of the States the laws provide for a State officer under the title of "State Librarian." As a rule the omce is filled by appoint- ment of the Governor, although in a few States it is an elective arce and is filled by direct vote of the people The State Librarian is the custodian of all the books and property helonging to the State Library, and is required to give a bond tor the proper discharge of his duties and safekeeping of the property intrusted to his care, as in many of the States the State Library is an immensely uimportant and valuable col- lection. In some of the Mates the Supreme Court judges prescribe a.i library rules and regulations. In others they have a Library Board of Trustees, which is sometimes made up of the Governor and certain otber State officials, who constitute a board ot commissioners for the management of the State Library.
ADJUTANT-GENERAL
lo nearly all of the.States provision is made for an Adjutant-Gen- eral, who is either electedl by the people or appointed by the Governor. The name of the onice implies the branch of work which is handled be its incumbent. Itt- the duty nt the Adjutant General los sue ,ud fra' <- mit all orders of the Commander-in-Chief with reference to the matia or military organizations of the State. Hekeeps a record of a.1 military ofbeers commissioned by the Governor, audl of all general and special orders and regulations issued, and of all other matters relating to the men, property, ordnance, stores, ramp and garrison equipage pertain- log to the State militia or military forces.
PUBLIC EXAMENFR OR RANK FNAEINER.
This is a State office that is found in only about one-balf of the States. In some States it is known as Bank Comptroller and m others the duties which devolve upion inis officer are hatelled by a " deparherat" in the State Auditor s office I he general duties ami plan of conduct- ing this work, in many respects, is very sinnlar, but there is a great winf- ference between the various States in the officers who attend to it. Where this is made a separate Suite office, generally speaking, the requirements are that he must be a skilled accountant and expert book- keeper, and cannot be an omrer of any of the prible mishitutions, por interested in any of the haancial corporations which it may In his duty to exanune. He is charde ly th the duty of visiting amel inspecting the hnancial accounts and stirling of certain corporations and institutions organized under the State laws. In several uf the State, at is alsti made his tluty to visit certain tout ty officials at stated! intery als, ail Inspect their books and accounts, and e force a umform system of bookkeeping by State and county officer ..
COM MINSIONER OR &I PERINTENDENT OF INSE HAN E.
In all of the States of the Umon the d argent relating to MINUT- ance has grown to be an terportant branch of . itt goverment The method of contro.le 2 tln : - uraner hp m s dlitters materiellv it it any of the Slates, although ta y an all gr ulgally moving in the sun ibitic. tion, viz., creating a .h. partiment or State nther mi which all miters relating to insurance and a cornet companies afe ath mit ih Ih fut- mer years, in nearly all ut the Stairs, the misglance Feriasstorm: 1 4 department in the State Andtors offre, atal was handled by date of his appottelces. Now, However, in neatly iff the Northern Star sa el thany of the Sithen Sures Day Die wir th and street sur M. departnient, the hewel at wtah is nie chocol by the penjis or apporterl by the tporcrist. The nuties enl jen Proof the isir ent Jepartment of the vire ns ats mie ery simt ir. A Che il faut- vision is that the bear at 1115 .hjertet ut west be experienced in mister- ance matters, atel le. is for ch terl trian 1, ding in thieu som any mibut
that all laws ri Sper og dell precision Disagree ofal the writer till
Forening to the law K pens it might to land at wife ! ties by 1
intervals makes to | rej-ity : the først fin ist | ep Prixtmn
COUNTY GOVERNMENT.
S
the names of atles of all the county offices are alentiel.
VIDITING DE FRE AND . LURK OF THE COUNTY HOARD.
tienenie's the principal auditing officer at the county is & with as this "ments militar" up " county clerk " In Illinois, Kansas, .Insuch. Wisconsin and many other State's the state is called" comply with
the Isards muzeul auser the same had of work that has alcal Ines to puty spliter" his low of the states inaler cort un contes is this otec merged with some other canty atee A netilde example thái à tạm Để 1. c writes phục thể mina vương độ cutting las ai bank brunt they de este the powers and datas to a single state offinal. All of the States, however, have a number of the State bonds mentioned in this Pet, she tiuns at which noply the line of work esch atteints to, VIE .. Kafreshland wircho ise commisshmer-, board at equalization, boandl Let this is in the State of Ma lio in, where they have one ofin ial, mivb rtin simple title of " clerk," who looks aller shout all of the work which is un st of the State - devolves mpon both the county clerk and alson berk of . ourt. In all of the States a loan m'a midlerate sin is required ol the utility clerk or auditor, and he is paud a salary of town $1,800 to 6-3,740 per venir, he-ples in sime States heing allowed certain fees, unless it is mn a very large and Incavily populated county, where the salary paid to ot mcessity much higher than this antonnt. No county treasurer or nem- ber ut the county board is eligible to tins office. In general terins it my be stated as a rule the amlitor acts as the clerk or secretary of the official county board, although in a tev of the States the court clerk is required to look alter this matter. The e ark of the county huard keeps LEGISLATURE OR GENERAL ASSEMBLY. an accurate reconil of the board's proceedu.g. aml carefully preserves all documents, records, books, maps and papers which may be brought before the board, or which the law provides shin be deposited in his ottice. In the auditing office anaccurate account is kept with the county The law-making power of every State is ternied the "Legislative Departinent ' The legislative power, according to the constitutionmus of the various States, is vested in a body termed the Legislatureor Generil Assembly which consists of an Upper and Lower House, designated usu- a iv as the Seanie and House of Representatives In a low of the States the Lower house is called " The Assembly ' In most of the States the Legislature meers in regular sessions every two years, but this is not the universal rule, as in a few nt the States the law provpies for annual sessions. In all of the Mafes, however, a provision is made whereby the Governor may, ww extraordinary occasions, call a special Session by issuing a proclamation. treasurer. Generally they hle the duplicates of the receipts given hy the county treasuter, charging lion with all money paid into the treasury and gning credit for all warrants pani. The general plan of paving claims against a county is as follows. If the claun is oue in whit h the amount due is fixed by law, or is authorized to be fixed by sonte other person or tribunal, the auditor issues a warrant or order which w Il be pud by the treasuter, the certificate upon which it is allowed heir. duly hled. In all other cases the claim must be allowed by the county board, and the chairman or presiding officer issues a warmint or order which is attested by the clerk. A complete record of all these county warrants or orders is kept, and the accounts of the county treasurer must balance therewith The above in general terms outline the most unportant brauch of work which the county clerk or county auditor looks alter in most of the states, but in all of the States the law requires bim to look after a number of other matters, although in these there is no uniformity Infiveen the various States, and ho general description of these mipor or additional duties could be given that would apply to all the States. .
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