USA > Indiana > Vigo County > History of Indiana from its exploration to 1922, Vol II > Part 14
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On the 24th of June, 1862, Governor Morton had asked the people to form five new regiments, which, he hoped, would be the last called for.6ª General
6ª Terrell's Reports, I, App. 333:
"Call for Five Regiments-June 24, 1863. To the People of Indiana :
The government of the United States has called upon Indiana for five additional regiments of infantry to complete the crushing out of the present rebellion. The necessity for this call need not be stated; it is sufficient to say that it exists, and as patriotic and loyal citizens it only remains for us to meet it. Indiana has done nobly hitherto in furnishing her brave and heroic sons to defend and maintain the Constitution and Union of our fathers; they have rallied around their country's standard, 'Many as the sands, one as the sea,' and their gallant deeds in the field is the theme of praise on every tongue.
Let this call, which I trust is the last I shall have to make during this War, be responded to with the same zeal and alacrity as former ones have been.
The published orders of the adjutant general give specific directions for recruiting and mode of organization. It is proper to state that in the five regiments called for are included the Twelfth and Sixteenth regiments now reorganizing.
Given under my hand, at Indianapolis, this 24th day of June, A. D. 1862.
OLIVER P. MORTON, Governor of Indiana."
752
HISTORY OF INDIANA
Order 45, June 19, 1862, stating that the war depart- ment had given the state permission to raise five reg- iments included the directions for organization. Companies in these might run anywhere between 64 and 82 file, making the regiment from 200 to 400 smaller than the preceding ones. No special permits were given to raise companies, but the first man ten- dering 40 or 45 should receive a captaincy. The Twelfth and Sixteenth regiments, enlisted originally for a year, having been mustered out at Washington City, were reorganized and these men formed two of the five regiments for this call.
The Sixty-Fifth regiment was organized by Dr. Andrew H. Lewis and mustered in at Evansville, August 20, under Col. John W. Foster, later a noted diplomat and secretary of state under Harrison. Its first duty was guarding Henderson, Kentucky, from guerrillas. The Sixty-Sixth from the Second district was organized at Camp Noble, New Albany, under Col. Roger Martin. It was rushed to Richmond, Kentucky, August 19, 1862, where it was captured eleven days later by Kirby Smith. The Sixty-Sev- enth, from the Third district, was organized by Col. Frank Emerson at Brownstown and sent to Ken- tucky, August 19, 1862, and was captured at Mun- fordsville, September 17. The Sixty-Eighth, from the Fourth district, was organized at Greensburg by Benjamin C. Shaw with Lieutenant Col. Edward A. King commanding. It was mustered, August 19, 1862, and started at midnight for Kentucky where at Munfordsville it was captured, September 17. The Sixty-Ninth was organized at Richmond by Col. Wil- liam A. Bickle, August 19, 1862, rushed to Kentucky, where, at Richmond, it was cut to pieces by Kirby Smith's army, two hundred men killed and wounded and the rest captured. The Seventieth was organ- ized by Col. Benjamin Harrison, then reporter of the
753 ,
ORGANIZING THE ARMY
supreme court and later United States senator and President, at Indianapolis between July 14 and Ang- ust 12, 1862, left for Louisville August 13, and re- ported at Bowling Green, August 15. The Seventy- First was organized at Terre Haute, mustered at Indianapolis, August 18, 1862, and rushed to Rich- mond, Kentucky, where all but 225 were killed or cap- tured by Kirby Smith. It was reorganized as the Sixth cavalry. These regiments captured at Rich- mond and Munfordsville were all exchanged, reor- ganized and entered the war again.
The Seventy-Second was organized at Lafayette under Col. Abram O. Miller. It was mustered in, August 16, 1862, and rushed into Kentucky next day to oppose General Bragg. The Seventy-Third was from the Ninth district, rendezvoused at South Bend where it was organized, August 16, 1862, and hasten- ed at once into Kentucky. The Seventy-Fourth of the Tenth district, was organized by Col. William O. Williams, later a representative in congress, of War- saw, at Fort Wayne. It was mustered in, August 21, 1862, under Col. Charles W. Chapman and left im- mediately for Bowling Green to oppose General Bragg. The Seventy-Fifth, from the Eleventh dis- trict, was gathered at Wabash where under Col. John U. Petit, formerly a representative in congress, it was mustered in and sent posthaste to Louisville. The Seventy-Sixth was a thirty day regiment organ- ized by Col. James Gavin of the Seventh regiment, then home on furlough, to repel a raid by guerrillas on Newburg, Indiana. It was organized at Indian- apolis, July 20, 1862, and stationed near Henderson, Kentucky. The Seventy-Seventh (Fourth cavalry) was organized at Indianapolis, August 22, 1862, by Isaac P. Gray, later governor of Indiana, and has- tened into Kentucky. The Seventy-Eighth was a sixty-day regiment, organized at Indianapolis, Aug-
754
HISTORY OF INDIANA
ust 5, 1862, for guard duty around Evansville. It had only six companies and was not reorganized. These regiments had been gathered hastily and left for active campaigning without any training. As soon as Bragg's army was driven out of Kentucky excitement died down so that recruiting assumed ordinary proportions again.
General Order 71, issued August 15, 1862, direct- ed that one regiment be organized from such men as may offer in each congressional district. The first of these eleven regiments organized under this order was the Seventy-Ninth, at Indianapolis, September 2, 1862, with Col. Fred Knefler as colonel. It arrived in Louisville, September 3. The Eightieth was or- ganized at Princeton in August, sworn in at Indian- apolis, September 8, and rushed to Covington, Ken- tucky, to protect Cincinnati. The Eighty-First was organized at New Albany, mustered in, August 29, 1862, and joined Buell at Louisville at once. The Eighty-Second, from Madison, was sworn in August 30, 1862, and reported to Louisville under Col. Mor- ton C. Hunter, of Bloomington, later a member of congress. The Eighty-Third was organized at Law- renceburg, with Benjamin B. Spooner as colonel. It was mustered in early in September, 1862, and sent down on the Mississippi river. The Eighty-Fourth, of Richmond, was mustered in, September 3, 1862, under Col. Nelson Trusler and on September 8, has- tened to Covington, Kentucky. The Eighty-Fifth, of Terre Haute, was organized, September 8, 1862, un- der Col. John P. Baird and at once proceeded to Cov- ington. The Eighty-Sixth, of Lafayette, was worn in, September 4, under Col. Orville S. Hamilton and went with its companions to defend Cincinnati. The Eighty-Seventh was organized at South Bend, mus- tered in at Indianapolis, August 31, 1862, and at once joined Buell at Louisville. The Eighty-Eighth ren-
-
755
ORGANIZING THE ARMY
dezvoused at Fort Wayne, was mustered in, August 29, 1862, under Col. George Humphrey and arrived at Louisville, August 30.
The Eighty-Ninth rendezvoused at Wabash, was mustered in at Indianapolis, August 28, 1862, under Col. Charles D. Murray and hastened to Munfords- ville, Kentucky, where it was captured September 16.
Under the stress of Bragg's invasion the regi- ments from the Seventy-Sixth to the Eighty-Ninth inclusive were raised without delay.7 With the retreat of Bragg and Kirby Smith the recruiting slackened.
Regiments from Ninety to One Hundred and One were organized under General Order 72. The Nin- tieth (Fifth cavalry) was organized at Indianapolis from all parts of the state. It was mustered in by companies and sent to various posts in Kentucky in September and October, 1862. Felix W. Graham was colonel. The Ninety-First was from Evansville. Seven companies under Col. John Mehringer were mustered in, October 1, and sent into Kentucky to watch guerrillas. Later companies were added to complete it. The Ninety-Second was to have been organized at New Albany but recruits were not forth- coming and the four companies raised joined the Ninety-Third which rendezvoused at Madison. It was mustered in by companies in September and Oc- tober, 1862, and at once sent to Memphis under Col. De Witt C. Thomas.
The Ninety-Fourth, to have been organized at Lawrenceburg under the call of July and the Ninety- Fifth, at Richmond, failed to get recruits and were never organized. The Ninety-Sixth at Indianapolis organized three companies which were transferred to
7 Terrell's Reports, I, App. 334. This order placed the whole State under arms, subject to being called to the colors at notice. Business houses had to be closed while the owners met to drill.
756
HISTORY OF INDIANA
the Ninety-Ninth. The Ninety-Seventh, of Terre Haute, under Col. Robert T. Catterson was mustered in, September 20, 1862, and sent to Memphis. The Ninety-Eighth, of Lafayette, raised two companies only, which were transferred to the One Hundredth. The Ninety-Ninth of South Bend was mustered in October 21, 1862, and sent under Col. Alexander Fowler to Memphis. The One Hundredth, of Fort Wayne, was mustered in, September 10, 1862, under Col. Sanford J. Stoughton and sent to Memphis. The One Hundred First was organized at Wabash, mustered in, September 7, 1862, under Col. William Garver and sent to Covington to oppose Kirby Smith. It will be noticed that of the twelve regiments under this order five failed. Little was done in the way of enlistment from October, 1862, to July, 1863.
Upon the invasion of John Morgan, early in July, 1863, the governor called out thirteen regiments of minute men, numbered from the One Hundred Sec- ond to the One Hundred Fourteenth inclusive. These men were mustered in about July 10 and mustered out about July 25, 1863, and were made up of volun- teers and companies of the Legion. Few were in service more than ten days.
In response to the President's call of June 15, 1863, for 100,000 six months' men, the governor of Indiana ordered a regiment enrolled in each district. The Union armies were all checked and the harvest at home was ripe. As a consequence the response was not encouraging. The One Hundred Fifteenth was organized at Indianapolis and mustered in Aug- ust 17, 1863, under Col. John R. Mahan and hastened into East Tennessee. The One Hundred Seventeenth was mustered in at Indianapolis, September 17, 1863, under Col. Thomas J. Brady and reported at Cum- berland Gap. The One Hundred Eighteenth rendez- voused at Wabash and under Col. George W. Jack
757.
ORGANIZING THE ARMY
son was mustered in, September 16. It followed the two former to East Kentucky and Tennessee.
The One Hundred Nineteenth (Seventh cavalry) was organized at Indianapolis by special permission of the war department. John P. C. Shanks, later a member of congress, was colonel. It was mustered in with twelve companies, October 1, 1863, and, De- cember 6, set out for Tennessee.
During September, 1863, permission was obtained from the war department to raise eleven regiments of three-year men, one regiment from each district. Of these the One Hundred Twentieth, organized at Columbus under Col. Richard F. Barter; the One Hundred Twenty-Third, organized at Greensburg with John G. McQuiston as colonel; the One Hundred Twenty-Fourth, of Richmond, under Col. James Burges; the One Hundred Twenty-Eighth, of Michi- gan City, with Richard P. DeHart, colonel; the One Hundred Twenty-Ninth of Michigan City, under Col. Charles Chase; and the One Hundred Thirteenth of Kokomo under Col. Charles S. Parrish, were organ- ized by General A. P. Hovey into a division and in April, 1864, went by rail to Nashville where it be- came the First division of the Twenty-Third corps.
The One Hundred Twenty-First (Ninth cavalry) was organized at Indianapolis, March 1, 1864, under Col. George W. Jackson and joined the army at Nashville in May. The One Hundred Twenty-Second was not organized. The One Hundred Twenty-Fifth (Tenth cavalry) was recruited at Vincennes and Co- lumbus and February 2, 1864, was mustered in under Col. Thomas N. Pace. It went at once to Nashville. The One Hundred Twenty-Sixth (Eleventh cavalry) organized at Indianapolis March 1, 1864, was sent to the front at Nashville under Col. Robert R. Stewart.
The One Hundred Twenty-Seventh (Twelfth cav- alry) was organized at Kendallville, March 1, 1864,
-
758
HISTORY OF INDIANA
under Col. Edward Anderson and sent at once to Nashville. The One Hundred Thirty-First (Thir- teenth cavalry) was organized at Indianapolis, April 29, 1864, and, under Col. Gilbert M. L. Johnson, left for Nashville equipped as infantry.
At the special request of the governors of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin, President Lincoln authorized these states to raise a force for Sherman to use for garrison duties and to guard his communications. They were to serve 100 days. In- diana contributed eight regiments to this army : the One Hundred Thirty-Second from Indianapolis, May 17, 1864, under Col. Samuel C. Vance; the One Hun- dred Thirty-Third, from Richmond, May 17, under Col. Robert N. Hudson; the One Hundred Thirty- Fourth, from Indianapolis, May 25, under Col. James Gavin; the One Hundred Thirty-Fifth from Indianapolis, May 25, under Col. William C. Wilson; the One Hundred Thirty-Sixth, from Bedford and Goshen, May 23, under Col. John W. Foster ; the One Hundred Thirty-Seventh, from Indianapolis, May 27, under Col. Edward J. Robinson; the One Hun- dred Thirty-Eighth, from Indianapolis, May 27, un- der Col. James H. Shannon; and the One Hundred Thirty-Ninth, from Indianapolis, under Col. George Humphrey. These regiments hastened by rail to Nashville and were used guarding the railroads be- hind Sherman
July 18, 1864, the President called for 500,000 one- year men to support Grant in his campaign against Richmond. Of these Indiana was to furnish 25,662. The One Hundred Fortieth was made up at Indian- apolis, July 18, 1864, and under Col. Thomas J. Brady was sent to Nashville. The One Hundred Forty-First failed to organize, what recruits then offered being put in the preceding regiment. The One Hundred Forty-Second, of Fort Wayne, organ-
759
ORGANIZING THE ARMY
ized, November 3, under Col. John M. Comparet, joined the army at Nashville. These were the only regiments organized under the call of July 18.
Before more could be raised the President, De- cember 19, 1864, had asked for 300,000 more. Of these Indiana was ordered to furnish eleven regi- ments of one-year men. The One Hundred Forty- Third was raised from the First district, with John F. Grill colonel; the One Hundred Forty-Fourth from the Second with George W. Riddle, colonel; the One Hundred Forty-Fifth from the Third, with Will A. Adams, colonel; the One Hundred Forty-Sixth, from the First, Third and Fourth, with Merit C. Welsh, colonel; the One Hundred Forty-Seventh, from the Fifth, with Milton Peden, colonel; the One Hundred Forty-Eighth from the Sixth with Nicholas R. Ruckle, colonel; the One Hundred Forty-Ninth from the Seventh with William H. Fairbanks, colo- nel; the One Hundred Fiftieth, from the Eighth with Marsh B. Taylor; colonel; the One Hundred Fifty- first, from the Ninth with Joshua Healey, colonel; the One Hundred Fifty-Second, from the Tenth, with Whedon W. Griswold, colonel; the One Hundred Fifty-Third from the Eleventh, with Oliver H. P. Carey, colonel; the One Hundred Fifty-Fourth, from the Eighth, with Frank Wilcox, colonel; the One Hundred Fifty-Fifth from the Ninth, Tenth and Eleventh districts, with John W. Wilson, colonel; and a battalion of five companies of the One Hundred Fifty-Sixth under Charles M. Smith. Part of these men were sent into Kentucky and Tennessee, and part were sent east especially to guard the Shenan- doah valley.
Besides these regiments there was an independ- ent cavalry company raised in Crawford county, July 25, 1863, for one year to guard the Ohio river. The Twenty-Eighth regiment of U. S. colored troops
760
HISTORY OF INDIANA
was organized in Indiana, mustered in, April 1864, and sent to join Grant in the Wilderness.
The state furnished twenty-six independent bat- teries with 10,986 men. These were numbered in order from one to twenty-six. All were enlisted for three years except the Twenty-fifth. All were or- ganized at Indianapolis but the First and Sixth, of Evansville; Third from Connersville; the Eleventh from Fort Wayne; and the Twelfth, from Jefferson- ville. A six gun battery consisted of four six-pound rifled cannons ; two six-pound smooth bore cannons, six caissons, one forge, one battery wagon, 128 men, rank and file; 92 horses. The four-gun batteries were the same except they had no smooth bore guns and of course only four caissons, and 89 men.
The entire army contributed by the state was 208,367 including 11,718 re-enlisted veterans. Of these 175,776 were infantry, 21,605 cavalry, and 10,986 artillery.
§ 131 BOUNTIES AND DRAFTS
While by far the larger number of these men en- listed freely there were times when other means than persuasion had to be resorted to. These fall under two general heads, Bounties and Drafts.
By an act of congress, July 22, 1863, all volun- teers were given a bounty of $100. This applied to all volunteers up to July 18, 1864. By General Order 191 of the adjutant general all re-enlisting veterans from June 25, 1863, to April 1, 1864, received $400. During 1864 and 1865 a bounty of $100 was paid for one-year service, $200 for two years' service, and $300 for three years' service. There were various other inducements offered by the general government but these were the chief.
761
BOUNTIES AND DRAFTS
During the first two years of the war Indiana furnished more than its proportion of mon but with the heavy demands of 1863 it began to look as if a Draft would have to be made. Townships and coun- ties furnishing their part were exempt from the Draft. In order to escape the Draft a system of local Bounties sprang up. Wealthy townships and coun- ties offered high Bounties and thus drained poorer townships of their men, making it very much harder on these neighborhoods when the Draft was laid. The total amount of Bounties paid by the counties was $15,492,876.04. Marion county thus paid out $1,223,720 while Martin paid out $12,400 and Starke $1,378. The worst feature of this system was the de- velopment of a professional class of Bounty jumpers and deserters, very doubtful material for the con- struction of an army. The Bounty should have been state-wide and only open to residents.
There were two Drafts in Indiana. The conscrip- tion act of congress, July 17, 1862, formed the basis of the first. This law directed the President to pre- pare plans and specify the period of service, not to exceed nine months, however. All able-bodied men between the ages of eighteen and forty-five were in- cluded. A list of defects was made out, physical, political and moral, entitling the person to exemp- tion.
The state Draft machinery consisted of a com- missioner appointed by the governor for each coun- ty, who in turn appointed a deputy for each town- ship. The township officer's duty was to take a poll of his township specifying each man within the desig- nated ages and also a list of those who had already enlisted from the county. On a fixed day each deputy was required to deliver his poll to the county com- missioner and sit with the commissioner and other deputies to form an exemption board. After this
762
HISTORY OF INDIANA
board had acted the lists were sent to the general commissioner for the state who designated the num- ber to be drawn from each township. The militia force of the state, exclusive of exemptions and en- listed soldiers, was found to be 173,178. There were according to this report 36,038 exemptions and 93,041 soldiers in the service. When the lists were returned the names of the eligibles of each township were copied on small slips of paper and the number re- quired drawn either by a wheel or a blinded person. The county commissioner supervised the work in each township. As soon as the names were drawn they were handed to the marshal who notified the person to appear at the county seat in five days where he would be provided with transportation to Camp Sullivan at Indianapolis. By this means on August 6, 1862, there were drafted 3,003 men. Of these only 2,183 found their way to the army. More- over the Draft was entirely unnecessary since the state at the time was over 8,000 ahead on enlistments. From every standpoint this Draft was a blunder. Its only value was in furnishing a list of available men on which military calculations could be based, and especially was it useful when the state was ordered under arms in 1863.
The conscription act of March 3, 1863, was more searching than the earlier one and was administered by the national authority. Exemptions were allowed only by an examining surgeon, those who had for- merly been exempted becoming subject to this Draft as well as persons with dependent relatives and skilled workmen of all kinds. One objectionable fea- ture was that by which a commutation could be pur- chased for $300. A person drafted might, if he had means, also hire a substitute. A provost marshal was appointed in each congressional district who organized a board of enrollment. Subdivisions of
763
BOUNTIES AND DRAFTS
Laporte 22 784 141 3904
StJoseph 19967 250 2690
Elkhart 20966 155 3280
Lagrange 11350 61
steuben 0 37 Yess 1586
Lake 9140 139 1314
Porter 10296 77 1879
starke 2794
Marshall 12719 390
Kosciusko 17415
Noble 14907 100 2294
Deka 14 19865 272
297
1957
$28 2759
Whitley 10698. 163
Allen 29265 632
* * Newton 2960 553
Jasper 4286 18 802
Pulaski 5711 97 983
Fulton 9416 56 1510
1623
4412
White
Cass 16 778 119
76804
3714
2982
2344
wells 10849 257
Adams 9246 154 ) 1206
590
Tippecanoe
2124
47
Grant 5413 - 37 15 2773
grachfort 4/22 150
1263
Jay 11978 222 1546
Fountain 15493 159 2650
Montgomery 20738 150 3265
Boone 16669 2.1 2795
Hamilton 169605- 47. 27,36
2872,
Randolph 18/72 180 2846
Henry 198,96
Wayne 28688 108
Parke 15342 54 2823
Putnam 20662 78 31257
Hendricks 16908 3145 2883
Marion 39 (030 708
Hancock 12709 142 2247
7082
4512
Vigo
21/8/1 86
Clay 12/39 129 2148
Owen
2382
Johnson 14835 196 2412
Shelby 10548 1323 3120
Rush 15774 1254 2/319
1499 1999
4426
120
Bartholome
2174
Monroe 12822 99
Brown 6507 68 987
17858 35 3534
2737
Dearborn Ripley 24332 ! 148 18967 3454
2105
Jennings 14598 2736
167 2717
17.1720
Knox 15607 62
SDaviess Martin 113249 8923 1419 1405 160 2220
2566
3828
icott
2741
Orange 11816
17722 197
Clark
10064 96
Dubois. 103 8/2 3/99
1972
Gibson 14258
1771
1488
Crawford 8226 76 24.28
Floyd 19426 295
Civil War
2498 Vander burg 20125
Warrick 13242
**
Perry
118
Spencer
11844
Harrison 18407 208 2548
F76
2170$
14554 118
95
2148
2636
* missed firstdraft ** missed both drafts
Pose 603/ 120
Greene 13. 962 1248
12515
Lawrence 19574
Jackson 16107 157 3034
Jefferson Switzerland 124524
12656 **
2153
Washington
porpike
2699
19982
9495
77
Franklin 19 466 182-4 2955
1429
Decatur 172 70 162
Fayette Union 10/38
2069 84
2015
25589 49 5174
Clinton
2420
TiFton 8135 50 133/
Madison 16458 /77
Delaware 15737V 91
4 36-
8237 42
Benton 2809
1515
Carroll 13476 105
2428
15.72
Warren* 10040 35
2/06
Wabash 17514 95
Huntingto 14865*
Miori
289
1862
POPULATION (1860), SOLDIERS DRAFTED, VOLUNTEERS
Sullivan 14944 155 2253
Morgans 16003 121
77 70
764
HISTORY OF INDIANA
towns, townships and wards were made for each, of which an enrolling officer was appointed. This en- rollment began May 25, 1863, but no draft was re- quired until the call of July 18, 1864, for 500,000 men. The Draft was made in September and October and netted 12,474.
This Draft was hardly completed when the call of December 19, 1864, required 22,582 men. The Draft was again put in operation in March, 1865, resulting in selecting 2,424 men. Only 10,822 men were sent to the front as drafted men during the war, a total of nearly five per cent.8
8 This account has been written from the official reports. W. H. H. Terrell, adjutant-general, published eight volumes of sta- tistics in 1869. These are the best records available for Indiana at war. It would have simplified the work had he published all the General Orders chronologically, since most of the activities start from a General Order. In many cases resort has been had to newspapers to supply details of names and dates. Footnote references have been omitted because they would have occupied far more space than the sketch, and all facts can be verified from official documents or from newspapers under date given in text, or a few days after. The following table of the call for troops will give some more definite idea how the State was pouring out its soldiers :
CALL FOR TROOPS
By Lincoln Indiana Quota
April 15, 1861-75,000, 3 months 4,683
May 3, 1861-42,034, 3 years.
July 2, 1862-300,000, 3 years. 21,250
Aug. 4, 1862-300,000, 9 months 21,250
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