USA > Indiana > Jefferson County > Madison > The western address directory : containing the cards of merchants, manufacturers, and other business men, in Pittsburgh, (Pa.) Wheeling, (Va.) Zanesville, (O.) Portsmouth, (O.) Dayton, (O.) Cincinnati, (O.) Madison, (Ind.) Louisville, (K.) St. Louis, (Mo.) , 1837 > Part 11
USA > Kentucky > Jefferson County > Louisville > The western address directory : containing the cards of merchants, manufacturers, and other business men, in Pittsburgh, (Pa.) Wheeling, (Va.) Zanesville, (O.) Portsmouth, (O.) Dayton, (O.) Cincinnati, (O.) Madison, (Ind.) Louisville, (K.) St. Louis, (Mo.) , 1837 > Part 11
USA > Missouri > St Louis County > St Louis City > The western address directory : containing the cards of merchants, manufacturers, and other business men, in Pittsburgh, (Pa.) Wheeling, (Va.) Zanesville, (O.) Portsmouth, (O.) Dayton, (O.) Cincinnati, (O.) Madison, (Ind.) Louisville, (K.) St. Louis, (Mo.) , 1837 > Part 11
USA > Ohio > Hamilton County > Cincinnati > The western address directory : containing the cards of merchants, manufacturers, and other business men, in Pittsburgh, (Pa.) Wheeling, (Va.) Zanesville, (O.) Portsmouth, (O.) Dayton, (O.) Cincinnati, (O.) Madison, (Ind.) Louisville, (K.) St. Louis, (Mo.) , 1837 > Part 11
USA > Ohio > Montgomery County > Dayton > The western address directory : containing the cards of merchants, manufacturers, and other business men, in Pittsburgh, (Pa.) Wheeling, (Va.) Zanesville, (O.) Portsmouth, (O.) Dayton, (O.) Cincinnati, (O.) Madison, (Ind.) Louisville, (K.) St. Louis, (Mo.) , 1837 > Part 11
USA > Ohio > Muskingum County > Zanesville > The western address directory : containing the cards of merchants, manufacturers, and other business men, in Pittsburgh, (Pa.) Wheeling, (Va.) Zanesville, (O.) Portsmouth, (O.) Dayton, (O.) Cincinnati, (O.) Madison, (Ind.) Louisville, (K.) St. Louis, (Mo.) , 1837 > Part 11
USA > Ohio > Scioto County > Portsmouth > The western address directory : containing the cards of merchants, manufacturers, and other business men, in Pittsburgh, (Pa.) Wheeling, (Va.) Zanesville, (O.) Portsmouth, (O.) Dayton, (O.) Cincinnati, (O.) Madison, (Ind.) Louisville, (K.) St. Louis, (Mo.) , 1837 > Part 11
USA > Pennsylvania > Allegheny County > Pittsburgh > The western address directory : containing the cards of merchants, manufacturers, and other business men, in Pittsburgh, (Pa.) Wheeling, (Va.) Zanesville, (O.) Portsmouth, (O.) Dayton, (O.) Cincinnati, (O.) Madison, (Ind.) Louisville, (K.) St. Louis, (Mo.) , 1837 > Part 11
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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23
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171
Wheeling-its Statistics in 1836.
" My intention is to complete and have in operation another Rope manufactory at Cincinnati, about the first of August ; also, of superior machinery, which will ma- nufacture about $50,000 worth of cordage annually-to be driven by steam-and will give employment to 50 hands.
" And I am also completing one at St. Louis, which will manufacture about $40,000 worth ; but will be so constructed as to increase the amount of manufactures as the increasing business of the place will appear to re- quire. The number of hands to be employed, will be in proportion to the preceding establishments, and the works will be completed in October next ; and, with the other manufactories, will be ready for receiving orders, at the respective named cities, as soon as the works go into ope- ration."
Mr. Myerle farther states, that " as Patentee and pro- prietor of the great improvements in manufacturing cor- dage, as is evidenced by the establishments of Messrs. Irwin & Son and Messrs. Smith & Guthrie, of Pitts- burgh, he purposes pursuing the same principle, combin- ing a like utility and economy, in producing a like supe- rior article, as those to which he refers."
The Home market of Wheeling is well supplied with meats and other vegetables, andtherefore the prices are kept within reasonable limits : the opposite county, in . Ohio, (Belmont, ) contributes mainly to the comforts of the citizens of this place, by furnishing substantials for their use. Hams at present sell at 123 cents per lb. ; Pork 8; Beef 6} ; Turkeys 623 to 75 each ; Geese 373 do. ; Fowls 25 cts. pair ; Butter 15 cts. per lb. ; Flour $7 bbl. ; Corn Meal S1 pr. 100 lbs. ; Potatoes, 50 cts.
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172
Western Address Directory.
. bush. ; Apples 25 ; Cabbages, Beets, &c. in abundance- and Coul S1.25 per cart load of 25 bushels, delivered - at the door.
I have said nothing with reference to the particular habits or manners of the inhabitants of this city ; nor is it strictly necessary, perhaps, that I should, after having previously observed, that my remarks about Pittsburgh would apply, in many instances, to other cities, (I pre- sumed) in the west. The application, as far as respects business habits and the industry of the manufacturing portion of the community, will hold good here. The spi- rit of enterprise is abroad ; and were those persons who partake of it favored with channels of intercommunica- tion, similar to those of their contemporaries above-with a small increase of banking capital-(great bank facili- ties have ruined many persons, who would have prosper- ed and become rich had they been less favored)-and a reduction of poll taxes-other energies would then be brought into action ; their present stimulous would be in- creased ; Wheeling hill, or a part of it-(the more ele- vated, towards the creek, should be reserved for an ob- servatory)-would be reduced ; and thus would become enlarged their sphere for operating ;- new sources of wealth would be developed by mineralogists and bota- nists in their explorations through these neighboring hills and mountains ; and the space of a day would be suffi- cient for the transit of a merchant from one to the other " of the two nearest ports on the Atlantic and western waters-such impediments to navigation as exist on the Ohio above, at certain seasons, do not exist below Wheeling, except from begining of January to the mid- dle of February.
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Wheeling- its Statistics in 1336. 173
The wages among the working classes, and the habits of temperance and sobriety which prevail, are much the same as up the Ohio river-and whether the police is better than at the eastward, or whether it is that there is no night police here at all, I am not able to account for the following anecdote, unless it be, that the people are more honest and virtuous than they are found to be in some other places : A few mornings since, on walking up Main street, my attention was drawn towards a large number of manufactured articles, of easily portable di- mensions, which, from the character of them, and the early hour of the day, induced the belief that they had remained in that exposed situation all night. I was tempted to step into the shop, and ascertain if such were the case ? and apologised for the impertinence of the question, by stating, at the time, the object of the inqui- ry : The gentleman informed me, that those articles had not only been left out all night, but it was the place where all the articles which he manufactured were at times left-and, calling my attention to the door and windows of his shop, I perceived they were destitute of locks or fastenings ; and was informed that his tools were always left in the shop, unsecured-and that he never had any thing stolen in his life !
The Baltimore and Ohio rail road Directory have se- lected and established this place as one of the termini of their great thoroughfare in the west, or rather, it may be said with equal propriety, that they have selected this place as a point through which it is to pass ; for its des- tiny is -- not to stop here, but to be extended beyond this place, northward to the lakes, westward to the Missis- sippi, and southward to New Orleans, by connexion with
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174 Western Address Directory.
other routs already chartered, or that will speedily be chartered. filready has it been extended by charter from Wheeling to the Ohio canal, and but a small hiatus, com- paratively speaking, remains to be filled by charter, to extend it to New Orleans. The Baltimore and Ohio rail road, (or a branch of it,) as such, MUST terminate here, the route to this place being the most practicable that exists, between Baltimore and the Ohio river ; and as it regards the interest of the company, and consequently the city of Baltimore and her commerce with the entire trans-Allegheny region of this continent, this being the most suitable point at which they could arrive; and moreover with a view to its extension beyond the Ohio river, the route from this place through the state of Ohio being equal to the best any where else, and perhaps bet- ter than any other that could be found.
The stock for the erection of a bridge across the Ohio at this place was sold in 1835, and the erection of a part of it-that is, over the branch of the river between the ยท island and the Ohio shore-contracted for. It is under- stood that provision is made in the aritcles of contract, for the adaptation of the bridge to the passage of the rail road train over it.
A paper, somewhat after the manner of a Directory, has been put into my hands for perusal; and among other articles of which I have substantially availed myself, were the two foregoing, and the following :
" Advantages possessed by Wheeling for Manufacturing operations.
"To give an idea of the advantages which Wheeling possesses, for the carrying on of all kinds of manufac- tures within her limits, and vicinity, and the induce -.
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175
Wheeling-its Statistics in 1836.
ments which she holds out to the capitalist and the arti- zan to locate here, we deem the mention of the following facts as sufficient:
" By reference to an article in this paper, it will be seen that at the manufacturing establishments of D. Agnew & Co., and others, the coal therein consumed cost one cent and a half per bushel only; and at no other factory in this place does coal cost more than three cents per bushel. The latter price, we hazard the assertion, is cheaper than the cost of fuel at any other manufac- turing place on the continent of America. We hazard this assertion, we say, because we may not be thoroughly informed on this subject; but we conscientiously believe that at no manufacturing place in the United States can coal be procured at less than 13 cents per bushel at the factory, nor even at less than three cents. We are wil- ling to be corrected, however, if we are in error, and that every body else whom we may lead into error, should be undeceived with us. The lowest rate at which we have heard of fuel being furnished to manufacturers elsewhere, is four cents per bushel, which, on the above quantity, would be $5,750 over what the above cost the consumers.
" Manufacturing sites, with the fee, or privilege, of coal on the same terms that the above companies supply themselves, may be had within all convenient distance from this place, up or down the river, or up Wheeling creek, at a reasonable first cost. After this, it is but a small matter to transport their manufactures to their . warehouses in town. As for the quantity of coal, it is such that it can hardly rise in price for a century to come, and can never be exhausted, every hill in the
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176
Western Address Directory.
county being based upon a stratum of coal six or seven feet thick, and of unsurpassed quality. And even sup- pose it exhaustible ?- we have another and a more abun- dant resource. The late Mr. John Dulty, of this place, in boring for salt water several years since, where Ag- new's Iron Works now stand, penetrated to the depth of about 920 feet. At about 240 feet he perforated a stratum of coal of about ten feet; and at the depth of 500 feet, another stratum of about five or six feet in thickness. Both were considered of good quality, but the uppermost the best. The contents of neither, how- ever, will be required for many generations to come.
" In addition to abundance and cheapness of fuel, our local position is another important consideration. The many great thoroughfares which pass through this place in all directions, make it the tunnel through which nearly all the trade and travel between the east and west must necessarily pass. With comparatively few exceptions, all the western merchants residing south of the latitude and west of the meridian of this place, pass through it in making journies eastward, and on their return. This circumstance renders this as convenient as any other, to lay in their supplies of western manufactures-one from which transportation is as cheap as from any other, and from which shipments can only be made, when they can be made from any point."
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177
Wheeling in 1836.
JAMES A. CLARKE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, WHEELING.
JOHN LIST, JR. Bookseller and Stationer, No. 2, Zane's row, Main street, WHEELING.
G. B. PHELPS,
Looking Glass AND Picture Frame Manufacturer, AND PRINT SELLER, Main street, Wheeling.
2
. .....
Moore, Morris & Breden,
Brewers,
WHEELING.
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178
Western Address Directory.
DORSEY & TYSON. COMMISSION & FORWARDING Merchants,
Ely Dorsey, W. B. Tyson.
WHEELING.
FORSYTH & ATTERBURY,
Forwarding AND Commission Merchants, WHEELING.
IRWIN & MILLER, Grocers, Produce Dealers, AND FORWARDING & COMMISSION Merchants,
WHEELING.
M'KEE, HARDING & CO.
Forwarding & Commission Merchants,
WHEELING.
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Wheeling-Grocers in 1836. 179
MOORE & CLARKE, WHOLESALE GROCERS,
Commission & Forwarding Merchants, Corner of Monroe and Market streets,
WHEELING.
CURTIS & PEARSON, GROCERS,
Commission Merchants, and Dealers in Produce, MARKET PLACE, WHEELING.
W. & O. GEORGE,
Wholesale Grocers, WATER STREET, WHEELING.
J. & J. GODFREY,
GROCERS,
Corner of Market and Union streets,
WHEELING.
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180
Western Address Directory.
JOS. F. LODWICK,
Grocer & Produce Dealer,
WHEELING.
- MELVEN & LLOYD,
GROCERS,
WATER STREET, WHEELING.
JONATIIAN M'COLLOCH,
Wholesale and Retail GROCER AND PRODUCE DEALER, AND Commission Merchant, MARKET PLACE, WHEELING.
DRS. JOIIN EOFF &. SON,
Chemists and Druggists, UNION STREET, WHEELING.
Wheeling-Merchants in 1836. 181
J. Crumbacker,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL Druggist, -- and
Proprietor of the celebrated Tonic and anti-Dyspeptic PILLS, Wheeling.
JOHN FAWCETT,
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Dealer in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, AND Importer of Bolting Cloths, 1. Which he sells at Wholesale and Retail, Main-street, Wheeling.
J. GILMORE & Co.
Wholesale Dealers in DRY GOODS, Near Steam Boat landing. Point Pleasant, (Virga.)
J. C. Gilmore, Jas. Gilmore, Jas. Cargill, J. C. Cargill.
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182
Western Address Directory.
HEISKELL & HOFF, DEALERS IN Dry Goods, No. 2, Johnston's row, Market strect, WHEELING.
Jacob Kiger,
DEALER IN DRY GOODS, Hardware and Groceries, MAIN. STREET, WHEELING.
S. LOWTHER,
Dealer in every description of
Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, No. 5, Zune's row, Main-street, WHEELING.
M'VAY & EWING,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN
Dry Goods, Groceries, &c., Main-street, Wheeling.
Wheeling-Merchants in 1836. 183
Wm. N. RIDDLE & Co. DEALERS IN Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Market-street, Wheeling.
IV. T. Selby & Co. DEALERS IN . Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Corner of Main-street and Market-alley,
Wheeling.
E. B. SWEARINGEN, WHOLESALE Dry Goods Merchant. No. 7, Zane's row, Main-street, WHEELING.
JESSE WHEAT, DEALER IN Dry Goods and Groceries, Corner of Market and Union-streets, WHEELING.
184
Western Address Directory.
Zane & Pontoney, DEALERS IN Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, No. 6, Zane's row, Main-street, WHEELING.
ALEXANDER ROGERS,
Variety, Dry Goods,-and CLOTHING STORE, Water-street, Wheeling.
HENRY P. MORRIS,
DEALER IN Hardware, Cutlery and Saddlery, Main-street, corner of Market-alley, Wheeling.
SAMUEL, NEEL,
Hardware and Cutlery, MAIN-STREET, WHEELING.
Wheeling-Manufacturers in 1836. 185
POLLOCK & OTT, Dealers in
Hardware, Cutlery and Saddlery, Main street, opposite the Virginia Hotel, WHEELING. Merchants are invited to call and examine their stock.
D. AGNEW & CO.
Manufacturers of Nails. WIIEELING.
[0G> Sce Statistics.]
MIELN & RICHARDSON, Steam Engine Builders, Machinists .. AND IRON FOUNDERS, Corner of Main and Quincy streets, WHEELING.
[0G-See Statistics. ]
18*
186
Western Address Directory.
A. M. PHILLIPS,
IRON & BRASS FOUNDER, AND Steam Engine Builder,
Above the Water Works, Wheeling. [03-See Statistics.]
SWEENEY & MATHEWS,
Cast Iron Manufacturers Of Stoves, Grates, Ploughs. Hollow Ware, and every description of Ornamental Castings,
Works on the North of Main street, and Warehouse on Union street,
WHEELING. [03-See Statistics.]
BAKEWELLS & CO. (of Pittsburgh,)
Flint Glass Manufacturers .. Warehouse next door to Forsyth & Atterbury's, -
MAIN STREET, WHEELING.
.
Wheeling-Manufacturers in 1836. 187
RITCHIES & WILSON, Crown Window Glass Manufacturers,. AND Ritchie & Wilson, FLINT, CUT, AND PRESSED GLASS MANUFACTURERS, Comprising every description of Chemical, Philosophi- cal, and Apothecaries' Shop Furniture,
WHEELING.
[0G- See Statistics. ].
M. & R. H. SWEENEY & CO. Flint Glass Manufacturers, North of Main street, Warehouse on Monroe street, between Water and Main streets, Wheeling. [0- See Statistics.]
STOKELY & CAMPBELL, Manufacturers of VIALS AND BOTTLES, AND ALL KINDS OF APOTHECARIES' WARE,. Corner of 4th street and Market alley, WHEELING.
[03- Sce Statistics. ];
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188
Western Address Directory.
FULTON & POINT PAPER MILLS.
A. FISHER & CO. Paper Manufacturers, WHEELING. [0G- Sce Statistics. ]
WM. LAMDIN & SONS, Paper Mommfacturers, AND Dry Goods & Grocery Merchants, SOUTHI WHEELING. , [0G- See Statistics.]
DANA HUBBARD. 1
STEAM SAW MILL,
AND
Sash and Lath Manufactory,
On Wheeling creek, near the Stone Bridge, WHEELING.
103-Sce Statistics. ]
DAVID MYRRLE & CO. Improved Patent Cordage MANUFACTURERS, WHEELING.
[0- See Statistics. ]
Wheeling-Manufacturers in 1836. 189
KELSALL & COWDIN, MANUFACTURERS OF Oil Floor Cloth, Furniture Cloths, &'c. WHEELING. [0G- See Statistics.]
R. WATTERSON, Wire Worker, WHEELING All kinds of Sieves, Riddles, Screens, and every other description of Wire Work, particularly WFire Ropc for ferries-on hand, for sale, or made to order.
DARE & HOGE, Wholesale and Retail Fur and Sill Hat Manufacturers,
AND DEALERS IN CAPS OF EVERY VARIETY, Head of Water street, WHEELING.
W. W. & S. II. JIMESON, Fur and Silk Hat Manufacturers. MAIN STREET, WHEELING.
Where they have, in connexion with a large stock of Iluts, a full assortment of Fur and Otter Cups.
190
Western Address Directory.
O. MONTCALM, Manufacturer of all kinds of HATS,
And Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Hats, Caps, Fan- cy Furs, Hatters' Stock and Trimmings, Silk, Plush, Dye Stuff's, &c.
Opposite the Virginia Hotel, MAIN STREET, WHEELING.
GREGG & EDWARDS,
Merchant Tailors,
Nearly opposite the Virginia Hotel, MAIN STREET, WHEELING; Have constantly on hand, a large assortment of Cloths, Cassimeres & Vestings,
Suitable for gentlemen's Clothing, all of the best quality, which can be made up at the shortest notice, in the most fashionable style, and at the lowest prices.
R. G. M.IRTIN,
Merchant Tailor,
MAIN STREET, WHEELING;
Keeps on hand. a general assortment of Cloths, Cassi- meres, Vestings. Stocks, Suspenders, Collars, Gloves. and Handkerchiefs.
Wheeling -- Manufacturers in 1836 191
JOHN KNOTE, (of the late firm of Pollock & Knote, successors to Samuel M'Clellan, )
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN Saddles, Trunks and Harness. of every kind and quality-also, Spanish and patent spring Saddles, Bridles, Saddle- Bags, Carpet Bags, &c. &c., at the old stand, in Main-street, Wheeling.
JAMES SMITH, Wholesale Dealer in Saddles, Harness and Trunks, of every description and quality, Union street, between Main and Water street, WHEELING.
David Garden, TANNER S. CURRIER, Main street, Wheeling.
M'COY & BERRY'S WHOLESALE AND RETAIL Shoe and Leather Store, No. 2, Phoenix row, Main street, Wheeling.
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192
Western Address Directory.
UNITED STATES HOTEL, and general Eastern and Western
STAGE OFFICE, By JAMES A. M'CREARY, situated on the bank of the " beautiful Ohio," at the Steam Boat Landing, Wheeling.
VIRGINIA HOTEL, and office of the great EASTERN AND WESTERN Mail and . Iccommodation Stages, by D. Beltzhoover,
MAIN STREET,
Forty yards from the Steam Boat Landing, Wheeling.
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MOORE & POWELL,
SUPERINTENDENTS Wheeling Water Works.
03- [Sce Statistics.]
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Road to Zanesville, ( 0.)-1836. 193
LETTER IX.
Road to Zanesville, (Ohio)-Belmont county-St. Clairsville-Mor- ristown-Guernsey county-Cambridge-Muskingum county- Norwich-Zanesville, its foundation-Plurality of towns of same name in the state, accounted for-Ancient mounds and fortifications -Geographical sketch-Trees and Medicinal plants-Mineral pro- ductions-Muskingum river ; its source, course, and properties- Situation of Zanesville-Its Statistics, &c .- Cards of Merchants, Manufacturers, and other business men.
ZANESVILLE, (Ohio, ) Jany. 7th, 1837.
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On leaving Wheeling soon after dinner on the 5th inst. (having paid $3.50 fare in the mail stage to this place.) it was with considerable difficulty the Ohio could be crossed in a skiff, (the mail was conveyed over in a kind of scow,) in consequence of the great quantities of un- fixed ice. These floating fields (almost united,) extend- ed, in some instances, nearly to the island, (about S00 yards,) and it was through the interstices that the oars- men, or rather polemen, were to wend their way. After about an hour's traverse poling, however, we reached the Island, walked over it, upwards of a quarter of a mile, and in another hour, by a process similar to that on the Virginia side, landed on the Bridgeport shore, where a stage was in waiting. The scow did not move with as great celerity as the skiff, but at length got safely over, and five passengers of us were soon seated in a comforta. ble coach, and under way. Until the arrival of the mail, I had time to make a few observations, and ask a few questions of " mine host."
Bridgeport is a village of Belmont county, with a po. pulation of about 300 inhabitants, containing 2 or 3 man-
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194
Western Address Directory.
ufacturing establishments, which are put into operation by steam ; half a dozen stores, and two taverns.
The snow was about three inches deep ; the road (the National) was solid but somewhat rough, by reason of the broken features of the country, which extended 8 or 10 miles. The county is very hilly and rocky, in the parts bordering on the river, and the road there passes through excavations of 40 or 50 feet in depth, the sides being nearly or quite perpendicular of solid rock, though not " as hard as any whinstane," yet sufficiently so as to have required great labor to remove whatever were its mineral formations. Some of the views from the sum- mits of the hills in this county, particularly in the central parts of it, are stated by Caleb Atwater, esq. to be beau- tiful " beyond compare," especially when the attention is directed to the eastward. The arable land, and with the exception of hills and rocks which constitute only a small portion, is very good for grain, tobacco and for grazing. Recently, farmers (and the county can boast of those among the first in the state, ) have commenced raising sheep. The hills abound with coal, and their sur- faces produce heavy growths of the most valuable wood and timber. Indian Wheeling and Captina creeks, wa- ter the county abundantly-the former enters the Ohio river at Bridgeport.
The county contains about a dozen villages, and our road passed thro' the following, viz : St. Clairsville, 11 miles from Wheeling, which is the county town, having a population of about 1500 inhabitants ; a courthouse and jail, of brick ; 6 churches ; about 20 stores ; 7 taverns; a bank with a capital of $100,000 ; S newspaper print- ing offices, &c. The country around is thickly settled,
Road to Zanesville, ( 0.)-1836. 195
and the inhabitants healthy and rich :- To Lloydsville is 4 miles :- To Morristown 5 ; with a population of about 800 inhabitants-8 or 10 stores ; 4 churches ; S taverns, several manufacturing establishments, tanneries, &c. The buildings are most of brick :- To Fairview, in Guernsey county, 9 :- To Washington, 12 ; a handsome village of white frame houses ; and about 1000 inhabi- tants :- To the pleasantly situated county town of Cam- bridge, 82, containing about 700 inhabitants. This flourishing village is on the east side of Wills' creek, over which is a covered and beautiful bridge, which has been pronounced one of the best pieces of carpentry in the state. Here are 12 or 15 stores ; courthouse and jail of course ; and a newspaper printing office :- To Norwich, in Mus- kingum county, 12, with a population of between S00 and 400. Here are 6 stores ; 2 churches, and 2 taverns : -To the place of caption, 123 miles-where we ar- rived about 9 o'clock yesterday morning-having spent a comfortable night ; for my fellow passengers, although all strangers to each other, were sociable and well in- formed-and notwithstanding we were few in number, there were sufficient to shorten the winter's night and re- duce 74 miles, the distance from Wheeling, (which we were 16 hours in travelling,) to a much shorter space than I could have imagined.
..
The entrance into Zanesville, from whatever point, is descending, as the town occupies a beautiful plane. The section on which it stands was granted to Ebenezer Zane, by Congress, in 1776, for certain stipulated servi- ces performed by him, and he, and two brothers, with J. M'Intyre, laid out the town and built the first cabin in 1799. The mail was first carried through it in 1797.
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196
Western Address Directory.
Before entering upon the task of acquiring particulars of the business, resources, &c. of Zanesville, and other places west, it may not be inapplicable here to account for the cause, why so many towns of the same name, &c. are to be found in this state, as well as to say something of the mounds of antiquity, and of its geography, and vegetable and mineral productions. The Ohio Gazet- teer affords these facilities.
"These anomalies, and pluralities of places of the same name, are serious difficulties, in the way of strang- ers understanding where different towns are situated ; and causes much confusion in the transmission of letters and newspapers, by mail ; not only to non-residents, but also to the people of the state of Ohio, themselves, But as there are never two places of the same name, in the same county, if all writers of letters and communica- tions, would always designate the county, as well as the town, their communications would then be intelligible. The cause of these pluralities of names, is to be ascribed to the circumstance, that these towns are not set off and established by the state authority, as in most of the eas- tern states, but are established by certain local authori- ties, called county commissioners, appointed in each county, and constituted for this, among other purposes ; and these separate boards of county commissioners have no official communication with each other, and do not know what are the names of previously existing town- ships, in other counties."
. "The most prominent Antiquities are the numerous mounds (or tumuli, as they are sometimes called,) and forts of earth, in the state of Ohio, as well as the western states generally, which are found interspersed through-
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Ohio-Mounds, & c .- 1836. 197
out almost the whole extent of country, as far west and southwest of the Allegheny mountains as the country is much known. The general direction in which these for- tifications, as they are called, lie, is from northeast to southwest. The place where they commence, or at least where they are remarkable, is in the western part of New York, near the southern shore of lake Ontario. From thence they extend in a southwesterly direction through the western states, and terminate in Mexico.
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