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Pen Johnson
A HISTORY
OF
KENTUCKY AND KENTUCKIANS
The Leaders and Representative Men in Commerce, Industry and Modern Activities
BY E. POLK JOHNSON
VOLUME I
ILLUSTRATED
PUBLISHERS: THE LEWIS PUBLISHING COMPANY CHICAGO-NEW YORK 1912
32356À
STAND.DIVIDED
UNITED WE
D WE FALL
Introduction
Virginia is not alone the Mother of Presi- dents, but of states as well, Kentucky being her first and best-loved child. From territory ceded by Virginia to the Federal government, the splendid states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin and a portion of Minnesota, were formed. This imperial domain, willingly and graciously bestowed, would seem sufficient to have granted the Old Dominion immunity from despoilment, but this was not to be. In the midst of the horrors of internecine strife during the War between the States, her fair territory was despoiled by force of arms and the state of West Virginia was formed from the mountainous western section, much of which lies adjacent to Kentucky. Virginia, which had given to the Union Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Patrick Henry, "Light Horse" Harry Lee and a host of other illustrious sons, did not escape the devastating effect of war. Even her first-born child, di- vided in sentiment, with the hand of father against the hand of the son, of brother oppos- ing brother on war's red field, could not or would not raise a voice against the despoil- ment of the Mother State. The great wrong has at last come to be acquiesced in, and there is nothing left to the historian but to set forth the fact and pass on to other and more pleasing themes.
Kentucky, from its first entrance into his- tory, has been a land of romance, of story and of song. The story of its first explorers and
that of the gallant "Hunters of the West," of whom one of her sons has sung, is an epic poem. Along the pages of this poem move those grim hunters of men: Daniel Boone, Simon Kenton, Logan, Floyd, George Rogers Clark and scores of others of their manly kind in stately tread, making clear the way for those who were to come after and give the then wilderness of the west its proud place in the sisterhood of states-a place so unique and distinctive as to set Kentucky apart from all other states, and to make her sons claim the whole broad commonwealth and no small sec- tion thereof as their own.
A Kentuckian traveling in France was asked by a Virginian whence he came and re- plied "I am a Kentuckian;" when the other responded "You Kentuckians are the most loyal sons of their state whom I have met. Ask an Ohio man whence he comes and he is from Cincinnati; an Illinois man is from Chi- cago; but a Kentuckian is from Kentucky, and I honor him for it. The whole common- wealth is his." This is as it should be. Pa- triotism knows no narrow boundary lines.
When civil war came to divide and distract the state's peaceful and happy communities, Kentucky's sons took up arms as the sense of duty impelled them, but, each from his own point of view, was fighting the battle of Ken- tucky and the Union, or Kentucky and the Confederate states; and it is to the eternal honor of the state that with few exceptions,
iv
INTRODUCTORY
each did his duty bravely and brought no shame to the name of his state nor his pio- neer fathers.
Upon whatever fields Kentucky's sons have fought they have added imperishable honor to the state. Whether in pioneer days they met the savage in the wilderness, or later the dis- ciplined forces of England at New Orleans ; the half-savage hordes of Santa Ana on the arid plains of Mexico, or in the fraternal strife of 1861-5, always "there stood Old Kentucky" in the person of her stalwart sons doing their duty every one, avoiding no serv- ice however arduous, shirking no duty how- ever dangerous, and writing large upon the history of their country the magic name Ken- tucky. A learned judge charging the grand inquest of his court, enthused by his love for his state and his appreciation of the manly valor and love of justice always exhibited by her sons, declared: "Kentuckians are an im- perial race. They love justice because it is
justice, and detest vice and wrong-doing be- cause they are abhorrent to their sense of right and justice."
Of the great masses of Kentucky's people these words are true, despite the efforts of sensation mongers at home and elsewhere to magnify local happenings in certain localities into state-wide import. In the subsequent pages of this work these disturbances and their impelling causes will receive notice and explanation, and no pride of state nor locality will be permitted to gloss over wrong-doing, nor shall excuse be sought for those who, for- getting their heritage as sons of a proud state, have ruthlessly violated its laws. In a word, every effort is to be made to set down truth- fully the history of the state with favors to none; animosity to none; with freedom from political bias or predilection, and a sincere de- sire to tell the truth, the whole truth and noth- ing but the truth-let it hurt or help whom it may.
PREFACE
Those who read this volume will find it unlike the usual history. It is the earnest work of a man who has spent a third of his life in a newspaper office. This will account for the style in which it is written and, in some degree, for its matter. Of the early history of Kentucky not much will be found that is new. Earlier writers have so thoroughly gleaned that field that little is left for the historian of today. Coming nearer to our own time, the writer claims that his work contains much that is new. There will be those who will criticise what is written. It would be a stupid history which pleased everyone, and the writer will welcome honest criticism. He has, in all instances, endeavored to as- certain exact facts and to set them down fairly. He has opinions, and it may be, some prejudices. As he was not writing a mere gazetteer, he has stated his opinions where it seemed proper and has kept his prejit- dices in check to what he trusts is a reasonable extent.
His thanks for assistance generously rendered, are due to Mrs. Madeline McDowell Breckinridge, Rev. E. Y. Mullins, Rev. Thomas J. Jenkins, Rev. L. H. Blanton, Rev. Harvey Glass, Gen. B. W. Duke, E. G. Logan, Col. R. T. Durrett, A. C. Quisenberry, Col. J. Stoddard Johnston, Prof. H. H. Cherry, C. J. Norwood, Dr. Henry Enos Tuley, Young E. Allison, Blackburn Esterline and J. K. Patterson.
It is proper to say that the author assumes responsibility for the first volume only, of this work. The biographical sketches in volumes two and three are the work of others than himself.
THE AUTHOR.
1
Table of Contents
CHAPTER I
LaSalle discovers Kentucky Shores-"Rapids" of the Ohio-Capt. Batts "Tracing a Pathway"-Through Cumberland Gap-Penetrating the In- terior-First Kentucky Dwelling-Gist and the Ohio Company-Din- widdie Halts the French-Washington on the Scene-Indians' "Happy Hunting Ground"-Origin of the Name, Kentucky 1
CHAPTER II
War vs. Exploration-Debt to Sir William Johnson-Boone, Savior of Ken- tucky-"Numerously" Born-Boone's Early Life-Boone and Party En- ters Kentucky . 5
CHAPTER III
Boone and Stewart Go Forth-Captured by Indians-Return to Deserted Camp-Joined by Boone's Brother-A Great Agent of Destiny-Alone in the Wilderness-Rejoined by Faithful Brother-"Happiest of Mortals Anywhere" 9
CHAPTER IV
Problematic Journey Down the Mississippi-Knox's "Long Hunters"-Boone Again Starts Kentucky-ward-Surveyors Sent Out-Sites of Louisville and Frankfort-Indians Rise Against Settlers-Boone as a Warning Mes- senger-Great Battle between Red and White Men-Peace Treaty with Lord Dunmore. I3
CHAPTER V
Boone, of the "Transylvania Company"-Colonel Richard Henderson-Che- rokees Deed "Their" Lands-Boone, Colonizing Agent-Fort Boones- borough Erected-Indians Attack, Despite Treaty-Felix Walker's Nar- rative-Turning Back the Faint-Hearts-Henderson's Royal Reception- Last American "Lord Protector". I7
vii
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER VI
Pioneers of Harrodsburg-Lord Dunmore vs. Colonel Henderson-Hender- son Founds New Settlement-Opposition to Transylvania Company- First Kentucky Legislative Assembly-Henderson's "Proprietory" Gov- ernment-Exhibits Indian Deed-Fear of Vassalage Arises-Garrison Dwindles-General Land Agent Created-Henderson Appeals to Con- gress-Transylvania Refused Recognition-"Misunderstood" Henry's Character-Opposition Appeal to Virginia-George Rogers Clark Appears 24
CHAPTER VII
Clark in Command of Militia-Refuses British Military Commission-Op- position to Transylvania Scheme-Delegate to Virginia Assembly-His- toric "Five Hundred Pounds of Powder"-A Double Victory-Transyl- vania Dies ; Kentucky Born 33
CHAPTER VIII
Bringing the Powder to Kentucky-At Harrodsburg-Death and Disaster- Indians Defeated-True Pioneers Rejoice-Clark the Man of the Hour 37
CHAPTER IX
Hamilton Clark's Opponent-Rescue of Three Kentucky Daughters-First Marriage in Kentucky-Harrodsburg Marked for Destruction-Indians Thwarted-Futile Attack on Boonesborough-Logan's Bravery and Wis- dom 40
CHAPTER X
Kentucky Almost Deserted-Raise Siege of Logan's Ford-Clark Gets Re- liable Information-Military Aid from Virginia-Clark's Two Sets of Instructions-Land Grants to Volunteers-Clark's Expedition Reaches Louisville 44
CHAPTER XI
Expedition's Objects Made Known-Leaves the Falls for Kaskaskia-Blood- less Capture of Kaskaskia-Surprising Message to the French-Cahokia and Vincennes also Americanized-Hamilton, the "Hair Buyer"-Clark's Invading Army, 170 Strong-Band of Nation-Builders-Advance Mes- sage to Vincennes-Grand Results of Clark's Expedition-Returns to Falls of the Ohio. 49
CHAPTER XII
Boone Captured-Self-Sacrifice for Others-Taken to Detroit-Adopted in- to Indian Tribe-Escapes-Reaches Boonesborough-Goes Indian Hunt- ing-Surrender of Fort Demanded-Refuse to Surrender-French At- tempt Deception-Mines and Countermines-The Siege Raised-Inci- dents of Siege. 56
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XIII
Corn Islanders Removed to Mainland-First Settlers of Louisville-Hard Winter of 1779-80-Louisville Certain-Clark Erects Fort Jefferson- Successful Invasion of Enemy's Country-Northwestern Indian Confed- eration-Indians, Under Girty, Defeated-Gallant Women of Bryan's Station
64
CHAPTER XIV
Terrible Ambush at Blue Lick-Gathering of Fugitives-Fate of Prisoners -Massacre at Kincheloe's Station-No Peace for Kentucky-Another Appeal to Mother Virginia-Logan on the Blue Lick Affair-Todd on the Blue Lick Disaster-Even Poone Depressed. 72
CHAPTER XV
Great Campaign North of the Ohio-Creation of Kentucky-Clark Unappre- ciated by Virginia-Boone's Later Years-At Ninety-Not Illiterate- Simon Kenton-"Proudest Day of his Life"-Clark's Large Plans- Floyd's Disaster on Long Run-Scene of Civil War Battle-Indians' Power Forever Broken 79
CHAPTER XVI
Virginia's Gift to the Union-Cutting off of West Virginia-Danville Con- vention and Statehood-First Kentucky Assembly -- Petitioning Virginia for Statehood-Assemblymen from Four Counties-"Committee of the Whole" Reports-Of Yesterday. Yet of Today-Address to Virginia Legislature-Bearers of the Address 86
CHAPTER XVII
An Address to the People-Pen Picture of General Wilkinson-Thirty Thou- sand in Kentucky-Virginia Assents to Separation-Assembly Resolutions -Asks to Come Into the Union-Now Seven Counties- Congress Unre- sponsive-Indian Attacks Renewed-To the Mother of Kentucky-Death of Colonel Christian-Fourth Danville Assembly-Virginia Adopts New Measure-Could Wait; Also Fight. 94
CHAPTER XVIII
Wilkinson, The Discord Sower-Free Navigation of the Mississippi-Span- ish Designs Narrowly Averted-Wilkinson's Stumbling Block. IOI
CHAPTER XIX
"The Kentucky Gazette"-Another Plea for Admission-Wilkinson Founds Tobacco Trade-First Kentucky Congressman-Many Attempts at Sep- arate Government-Admission Again Postponed-Spanish Siren Sings to Brown-Letter from Chief Justice Muter-Judge Innes Drops a Hint. . 104
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XX
Seventh Convention Meets-Revolution Proposed-Wilkinson and a Free Mississippi-Congressman Brown to the Front-Address to Spanish In- tendant-"Court" Party in Power-Wilkinson and the Mississippi-Old- Time Address to Virginia. III
CHAPTER XXI
Bitterness After the Convention-Spain's Tempting Offer-Charges Against Wilkinson-A British Emissary-Cincinnati Founded-John Filson and . the Filson Club II6
CHAPTER XXII
Objection to Debt Clause-Fourth Act of Separation-Ninth Convention Meets-Fruition of Hopes, Long Deferred-First State Government- Governor Shelby-The Bullitt Family-"He Was ? Breckinridge"-Gov- ernmental Wheels Start-Natural Speakers and Officials-First and Shortest Session-Honest State Legislators Needed. I20
CHAPTER XXIII
Indian Peace Commissioners Murdered-Eastern View of Indian Question- Indians Reject Peace Proposal-"Mad Anthony" Moves Against Them- Kentucky Reinforcements-Campaign against the Maumees-Defeat of Indians and Allies-Wayne Gives British Officer "Light"-Treaty of Greenville 125
CHAPTER XXIV
American Love for France-Democratic Societies of Kentucky-Kentucky vs. Spain-Washington's Neutrality Proclamation-French-American Expedition under Clark-Governor Shelby to the Federal Secretary- Then, the Presidential Proclamation-French Minister Ignores It-Pro- posed Capture of New Orleans-Genet Recalled-New Orleans Project Abandoned-Democratic Societies Dissolved I29
CHAPTER XXV
The Creation of Counties-Period of Needed Recuperation-Spain Again Checkmated-Offers Rejected Too Tamely-Sebastian, Only, Under Sus- picion-"Spanish Conspiracy" Analyzed I35
CHAPTER XXVI
U. S. Senator Marshall-Attempt to Discipline Judges-Garrard Succeeds Shelby-Bitter Adams-Jefferson Campaign-Litigation Over Land Titles-Injustice Righted I.41
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CHAPTER XXVII
Famous Resolutions of Young Kentucky-Errors of Reproduction and Au- thorship-Alien and Sedition Laws-Origin of Kentucky Resolutions- Jefferson and Breckinridge Resolutions-Text of Jefferson Resolutions. . 145
CHAPTER XXVIII
The Breckinridge Resolutions-Text of Adopted Resolutions-Freedom of Speech Violated-Alien Law Null and Void-Unlawfully Deprived of Liberty-Protest Against Centralized Government-Call upon the Co- States 153
CHAPTER XXIX
Nullification Not in Kentucky Resolutions-Adopted Without Amendment- Source of Foregoing Draft-Other State Legislatures Respond-Sup- ported by Mother Alone. .
158
CHAPTER XXX
As to Action of Other States-Text of 1799 Resolutions-Nullification Clause -Supreme Court, Constitution's Guardian 162
CHAPTER XXXI
Kentucky's First Constitution-New Constitutional Convention-A Short Convention, and a Long-France Rejects American Ministers-Outrages on American Shipping-Kentucky Divided in Sentiment-Washington Again Commander-in-Chief-American Naval Victories-Peace with Na- poleon's Coming. 165
CHAPTER XXXII
Cause of the Civil War-Slavery in Kentucky-Negroes as Freemen- Cruel Masters the Exception-Kentucky's Anti-Slavery Sentiment- Baptists Oppose Slavery-Freed Slaves Sent to Liberia-Further Action by Churches-Birney and His Mission-Punishment of Slave Kidnap- pers-"The Old Lion of Whitehall"-Fortunate in Sex-"Kentucky in Liberia"-For and Against Slavery-Cassius M. Clay Again-Rev. Rob- ert J. Breckinridge-New Constitution on "Free Negroes"-Emancipa- tion of the South-Berea College-Anti-Slavery Men Banished-Union Men Expel Abolitionists-Last Slave Sale in Kentucky-Irritating "Underground Railway"-Marriage of Slaves-The Dreaded "Patter Rollers"-Negro System of Communication-Selling Value of Slaves- Not Fighting for Slavery.
169
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CHAPTER XXXIII
Army Veterans as Office Holders-Presidential Contest of 1800-Election of Jefferson and Burr-Kentucky's Part in the Contest-Repeal of Obnoxious Laws-Pioneer Kentucky Bank-Surplus of Courts-Louis- jana Purchase Frees the Mississippi-Republican Becomes Democratic Party-Death of John Breckinridge. 185
CHAPTER XXXIV
Burr and His Ambitions-Balls to Burr and His Prosecutor-Henry Clay -Commences Political Career-Threatened War with Great Britain- Kentucky Legislation-Seventh State in Population-Harrison at Tippe- canoe-Death of Daveiss and Owen. 192
CHAPTER XXXV
Earthquake of 1811-Mississippi Turned and Lake Formed-State Aid to Public Works-Act Against Dueling-Public Lotteries Legalized- Shelby Again Governor-Boone's Last Plea 198
CHAPTER XXXVI
As Between England and France-Patriots in Power-Kentuckians Eager for War-Humiliated at Hull's Surrender-The Fighting Taylor Fam- ily-Hull's Disgrace-Defeat Stirs Kentuckians-Under General Har- rison-Relief of Fort Wayne-Two Future Presidents-Protecting Army Supplies-Nature Defeats Harrison's Plans-Harrison Conceived Naval Program-American Victory at Frenchtown-American Rout at Raisin River-Kentucky Troops Hold Out-A British Promise-A Devilish Massacre-Army Almost Wiped Out-Scalps Wanted, Not Ransoms-"Humane" Proctor Rewarded. 202
CHAPTER XXXVII
Isaac Shelby to the Front-General Green Clay-Investment of Fort Meigs -Disaster to Raw Kentuckians-Tecumseh Stops Massacre-British Withdraw to Malden-A Dearly Bought Lesson-Johnson's Kentucky Cavalry-Heroic Defense of Fort Stephenson-Shelby Takes the Field -Kentucky Sharpshooters with Perry-Victory Electrifies Land Forces -Gallant Charge of Johnson's Cavalry-Indian Defeat-Tecumseh's Death-Heroic Johnson Family-Honor to Shelby and Others-A Ken- tucky Victory-Campaign Against the Pottawattomies-War Centers in New Orleans-Kentucky Troops En Route-First Naval Fight-Jackson Proclaims Martial Law-British Attacked at Bayou Bienville-Jackson Chooses Another Position-Americans Cannonaded, and Cannonade .. 211
CHAPTER XXXVIII
First Kentuckians to the Front-Support American Advance-American Volunteer vs. British Regular-"Jackson's Day"-Justice to Kentucky Soldiers-Remarkable New Orleans Victory-British Withdraw-Battle After Peace Treaty 225
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CHAPTER XXXIX
Kentucky Surveyor and Steamboat Inventor-Rumsey's Invention-Fulton or Fitch-Murray, Inventor of "Bessemer Steel"-Madison and Slaugh- ter Administrations-"The Purchase" Lands-Kentucky's Season of "In- flation"-General Adair, Governor-Proposed Legislative "Relief"- Legislature Against Judge-Chief Justice Boyle-William Owsley-Ben- jamin Mills-Relief (New Court) Party. 230
CHAPTER XL
Relief Party and Leaders-Anti-Relief Party Leaders-Problems of Relief Party-A Policy of "Education"-Relief Party Wins Election-Legis- lated Out of Office-New Court of Appeals-Old Court Refuses to Die- Reign of Judicial Chaos-Old Court Party Wins-Sharp-Beauchamp Tragedy-Fall of New Court-Judges Boyle, Mills and Owsley. ..... 239
CHAPTER XLI
Clay or Jackson-Clay's Political Blunder-The Making of Jackson-"The Man on Horseback"-Pathetic Death of Whig Party-Wild Banking in Kentucky-Baseless Paper Money : Boundless Speculation-Cry for Re- lief Answered . 247
CHAPTER XLII
Internal Improvements-Public Roads-River Improvements-Ohio Canal -First Railroad West of Alleghanies-Breathitt's "Jacksonian Adminis- tration"-Speculative Bubble Burst-Harrison Elected President-Clay Again Defeated ..
252
CHAPTER XLIII
Natural Sympathy with Texas-Opposition to Texas-Taylor Opens Mexi- can War-Kentucky's Mexican War Soldiers-Capture of Monterey- Awaiting Santa Anna at Buena Vista-Three Kentucky Regiments Pres- ent-Kentuckians at Buena Vista-Honors to Brave Kentuckians- "Cerro Gordo" Williams-Triumphant American Militiamen-Reim- bursing the Vanquished-Field Officers of Third and Fourth Kentucky .. 259
CHAPTER XLIV
Taylor, Last Whig President-Sketch of Zachary Taylor-Historic "Com- rades-In-Arms"-The Constitution of 1849-Last of the Whigs-Know Nothing ( American) Party-Louisville "Reign of Terror"-Downfall of Know Nothing Party. . 271
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER XLV
The Greatness of Clay-Jackson and South Carolina-Clay, Protector of American System-Averts Civil War-Clay's Supposed Retirement-Re- turns to the Senate; Death-Meriwether, Clay's Successor-Elections of 1856-8-Military Demonstration Against Mormons-Kentucky Whigs Last Struggle-Panic of 1857-Kentucky in 1850-60-Eighty-Five Years' Increase-Most Fecund People of History-Industrial and Commercial Advancement 277
CHAPTER XLVI
Not Bound Up in Slavery-For Union and Constitution-Political Parties of 1860-Kentucky Dilemma-Advice of Kentucky and Greeley . . . . . . . 288
CHAPTER XLVII
Crittenden's Proposed Compromise-Compromise Rejected-Kentucky's Ef- forts for Peace-Robert Anderson, of Kentucky-Kentucky's Stanch Unionism-Peace, but not Coercion-Extraordinary Legislative Session of '61-Supports Virginia Peace Conference-Colonels Jacob and Wol- ford-Special Session Continued-Typical Breckinridge Family-Active War at Last-Anderson Drops from Sight-Governor Between Two Fires-Kentucky's Status in the Union-Her "Mediating Neutrality"- Reassembling of 1861 Legislature-Crittenden as Mediator-Kentucky Houses Disagree-Proclamation of Mediation-Legislature's Impressive Adjournment-The Parting of the Ways. 295
CHAPTER XLVIII
Last Appeal for Union-Buckner-McClellan Conference-Unionists Carry Congressional Elections-Lincoln-Buckner-Crittenden Conference-Some Leading Confederate Soldiers-Some Leading Union Soldiers-Kentucky Soil Invaded 313
CHAPTER XLIX
Outlawed "Bushwhackers" and "Guerrillas"-Arrest of Southern Sympa- thizers-Term "Rebel" Not Offensive-Kentucky Admitted to the Con- federacy-Provisional Government Established-Confederates at Bow- ling Green-Retreat Into Tennessee-General Sherman's "Crazy" Esti- mate-Buell and Johnston "Lining Up"-Fall of Fort Henry-Buckner, Hero of Fort Donelson-Fortunes of War and Life-Nashville Open to Attack-Number of Kentucky Union Troops-Shiloh and Johnston's Death-Kentucky Troops at Shiloh-Meteoric Morgan and Duke-Lin- coln's Emancipation Proclamation-Military Interference. 321
CHAPTER L
Governor Magoffin Succeeded by Robinson-Boyle and His Trials-Fighting on Kentucky Soil-Surrender of Colonel Wilder-The Munfordsville Surrender- Confederates Evacuate Frankfort-Battle of Perryville- Bragg Not a Kentucky Favorite-Orphan Brigade at Murfreesboro- Morgan's "Christmas Raid"-Cavalry "Pirooting" 337
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CHAPTER LI
The First Kentucky Cavalry-Kentucky at Chickamauga-The Helm Family -Kentucky Union Boys-Comparative Losses and Strength-Bragg and Morgan Disagree-Morgan "Takes the Bit"-Morgan's Men Captured, Dispersed, Reunited-First Kentucky at Lee and Gordon's Mill-Cavalry Lessons to the World-Retreat front Missionary Ridge-Kentucky Soldiers There 353
CHAPTER LII.
Enrollment of Colored Troops-Rebel and Union Guerrillas-Burbridge, Kentucky's Dishonored Son-Federal Interference and Official Outrages -Last of Burbridge and His Rule-The End of the War. 366
CHAPTER LIII
Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation-Did Not Apply to Kentucky-How Kentucky Slaves Were Freed-Decline in Value of Slaves-Impressment of Slaves-Col. Wolford and His Speech-Enrollment of Colored Troops Continued-Credited to Northern States-Legislature Rejects Thirteenth Amendment-Slaves Freed Through Enlistment-Slave Enlistment Dis- continued-Kentucky Accepts Thirteenth Amendment. 376
CHAPTER LIV
Kentucky Officers in the Wars-The Splendid Kentucky Private-Defects of Union Records-Sad and Terrible War Reckoning-Futile Attempt to Keep War Issues Alive-Kentucky Politics After the War-Military Interference-The Soldier's "Good Angel"-Gradual Departure of Mili- tary Authorities-Obnoxious War Acts Repealed-Kentucky's Quick Reconciliation-Kentucky Members of the Fortieth Congress-Helm- Stevenson Administration-Constitutional Amendments Made Operative -Stevenson Succeeds McCreery-Negro Testimony Legalized. . 386
CHAPTER LV
President Patterson and the State University-The New President, Judge Barker-Blending of Church and State Control-Early Schools in the State-State and Local Aids-Higher Education First. "Old Field" or District Schools-"Yankee" School Teachers-Elementary Instruction- Disciplining the Teacher-Education of Females-Centre College (Cen- tral University of Kentucky) . 400
CHAPTER LVI
The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary-Transylvania University- Becomes Kentucky University-College of the Bible-Transylvania Uni- versity Again-Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary-State Normal Schools-Their Establishment-The General Assembly of 1908- Georgetown College- Kentucky Military Institute-Bethel College- Berea College-Other Educational Forces 420 .
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CHAPTER LVII
Kentucky Women in Politics-Traveling Libraries in the Mountains-Im- provement of Rural Schools-School Suffrage for Women-Preservation of Forests 446
CHAPTER LVIII
Thomas Tinsley, Pioneer Preacher-Severn's Valley Baptist Church-Meth- odist Pioneers of the Word-First Annual Methodist Conference- Bishop Asbury-Presbyterianism Founded-The Episcopalians-Ken- tucky Fully Protects Catholics-Fathers Whalen and de Rohan-Rev. Stephen T. Badin-First Permanent Assistant-Work of Father and Bishop Flaget-Bishop David and the See of Louisville. 452
CHAPTER LIX
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