USA > Louisiana > Orleans Parish > New Orleans > Standard history of New Orleans, Louisiana, giving a description of the natural advantages, natural history settlement, Indians, Creoles, municipal and military history, mercantile and commercial interests, banking, transportation, etc. > Part 36
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Ruby-throated Hummingbird. (Trochilus colubris.) Spots where flowers are blooming. The majority arrive after March 20; most leave before October 15, the last migrants disappearing by November 1. Winters very rarely. Breeds April-July.
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. (Milvulus forficatus.) Long, forked tail and gray, whit- ish and pink or scarlet plumage. Fields near the edges of the woods. Has been found locally on sugar plantations near New Orleans, especially at the Fairfield plantation, Jefferson Parish, on the west bank of the Mississippi. It is common only as far as eastern Texas.
Black or Big Grasset (Creole). Kingbird; Bee Martin. (Tyrannus tyrannus.) Blackish upper parts, white under parts. Edges of woods, orchards, etc. Arrives after March 20 and remains until October 1. Commonest in August and September, rarely seen at New Orleans in the nesting season.
Croque (Creole). Crested Flycatcher. (Myiarchus crinitus.) Woods and groves. Arrives about March 25-28 and is common until fall.
Phœbe-bird. (Sayornis phoebe.) Large head, with slightly crested appearance. The emphatic note from which the name arises. Fields, thickets, fence-rows, etc. Common winter resident, arriving the first week in October and leaving by April 1-6.
Wood Pewee. (Contopus virens.) Plaintive note, like the word "pe-wee," much drawn out. Groves and edges of the woods. Common summer resident from April 1 to October 20, the last loitering until nearly November 1.
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STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
Green-crested Flycatcher. (Empidonax virescens.) Swamps and woodland. Ar- rives about April 6-8 and remains until the end of October. Common, but not conspicuous.
Traill's Flycatcher. (Empidonax traillii.) Thickets in fields and woodland. Has been noticed occasionally in spring and fall as a transient.
Least Flycatcher. (Empidonax minimus.) Somewhat open places. A transient spring and fall migrant, unaccountably rare.
Blue Jay. (Cyanocitta cristata.) Crested head, rather large size and blue feathers. Woods and groves. A common resident.
American Crow. (Corvus americanus.) Commonest in winter.
Fish Crow. (Corvus ossifragus.) Smaller than the common crow, skilled in pick- ing small fish from the water; also feeds with vultures on animals not killed by itself, but not to be confused with the Black Vulture, or Carrion Crow. Rivers or the seashore.
Ortolan; Ricebird. Bobolink; Reedbird. (Dolichonyx oryzivorus.) Streaky yel- lowish plumage of birds seen in the fall. Marshes and rice-fields. Passes northward from the tropics in April and is present in great numbers in the latter part of September, but is not often common in the immediate neighbor- hood of New Orleans.
Cowbird. (Molothrus ater.) Nearly uniform black plumage of the male and gray- ish brown of the female, and stumpy bill. Wooded pastures and edges of the woods. Seen at New Orleans only in winter, especially during February.
Ricebird (see also Bobolink) ; Petit Choc. Red-winged Blackbird. (Agelaius phoeniceus.) Red-shoulder patches of the male, contrasting with black. Marshes in nesting season, swamps in winter and in, early spring. Always present and abundant, but not stationary. Breeds April-July.
Caille Prairie (Creole) ; Field Lark. Meadow Lark. (Sturnella magna.) Brown- back, yellow breast and white feathers in tail. Fields and meadows. Com- monest at New Orleans in the meadows of Audubon Park, where it has become resident. Mating begins in April.
Pape Prairie (Crcole) ; Poplaree ; Pop. Orchard Oriole. (Icterus spurius.) Chest- nut and black plumage of male and bright, loud song. Groves, meadows and orchards. Arrives March 22-25 and remains in abundance until September 15 or 20. Nesting begins the middle of April.
Baltimore Oriole. (Icterus galbula.) Bright orange and black plumage. Groves and open woodland. Known only as a rare migrant in April, especially about the 25th.
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STANDARD IIISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
Rusty Blackbird. (Scolecophagus carolinus.) Resembles the Red-winged Black- bird in size, but has no special markings. Females more gray than black. Open wet woods and thickets in fields. Abundant from the middle of Novem- ber until the middle of April, the last leaving about May 1. Breeds north of the United States.
Choc; Choc de Bois (Creole). Florida Grackle; Crow Blackbird. (Quiscalus quis- cula agelaius.) Rather large ; comparatively uniform black plumage. Swamps, groves and woodland. Resident and abundant. Nesting begins about April 1. Choc de Prairie (Creole). Boat-tailed Grackle. (Quiscalus major.) Large size, long tail in male; smaller size and grayish brown plumage in female. Marshes in mating season (beginning about April 1) and fields in winter. Resident and abundant.
Purple Finch. (Carpodacus purpureus.) Impurely rosy red plumage, becoming crimson on crown. Edges of woods. Sometimes fairly common in winters with very cold spells; has been known to remain until March 23. Breeds in the North.
Wild Canary (also applied to other yellow birds). American Goldfinch. (Spinus tristis.) Yellow plumage, with black crown and wings, becoming flaxen-brown- ish and whitish in winter. Canary-like notes. Woodland, thickets and fields with shrubs or trees. Abundant from the middle or latter part of November until the latter part of March.
Pine Siskin ; Pine Goldfinch. (Spinus pinus.) Rare at New Orleans. A flock has been observed in the middle of March on their way northward. Breeds from the Northern States northward.
Vesper Sparrow. (Poocaetes gramineus.) Plain gray plumage, white feathers in tail. Fond of grass fields, hence called Grass Finch also. A winter bird, but decidedly uncommon. Breeds chiefly in the Northern States.
Savanna Sparrow. (Ammodromus sandwichensis savanna.) Small and fond of grassy places. Abundant winter bird from October 1 to May 1. Breeds chiefly in the North.
Grasshopper Sparrow. (Ammodromus savannarum passerinus.) Faint, grasshop- per-like song. Meadows and weedy fields. At New Orleans hardly ever occurring outside of Audubon Park, where it arrives early in April and remains until August.
Lark Sparrow. (Chondestes grammacus.) Wood-bordered fields or other open places. Never observed at New Orleans, but occurring occasionally in most sections of Louisiana.
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STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
White-crowned Sparrow. (Zonotrichia leucophrys.) Conspicuous white paths on the black background of the head. Woods and thickets. A rare bird in the fall, winter and spring at New Orleans ; has been seen as late as May 1. Breeds chiefly north of the United States.
White-throated Sparrow. (Zonotrichia albicollis.) Sweet, modulated whistle and white chin. Woods and thickets. Abundant from the latter part of October to April 15, leaving by the 20th to the 25th.
Chipping Sparrow. (Spizella socialis.) Apparently never occurring at New Or- leans.
Field Sparrow. (Spizella pusilla.) Pinkish-brown plumage ; pink bill. More open places in the vicinity of the woods. Rather uncommon at New Orleans. Breeds mostly in the Northern States.
Snowbird; Slate-colored Juneo. (Junco hiemalis.) Slaty and white plumage ; pink bill. Woods, especially their edges. Rare at New Orleans, coming only with the coldest weather. Breeds in the North.
Song Sparrow. (Melospiza fasciata.) Fields and edges of woods. Almost un- known at New Orleans. Breeds chiefly in the North.
Swamp Sparrow. (Melospiza georgiana.) Swamps, marshes and thickets. Abun- dant in winter from October 15 to 20 to April 15 to 20; a few remain until May 1.
Fox Sparrow. (Passerella iliaca.) Large size, rufous tail. Thickets and woods. A winter bird, usually uncommon and never present in great numbers. Breeds north of the United States.
Jorce. Towhee; Chewink; Ground Robin. (Pipilo erythrophthalmus.) Blaek up- per parts, brown and white under parts. Its call sounds like "jo-ree," last syllable on a higher pitch and more accented. Woodland and thiekets in the woods. Resident and common.
Redbird; Cardinal (with French accent). Cardinal. (Cardinalis cardinalis.) Red plumage, high crest and black space on head; plumage of the female, brown, showing red in flight. Breeds from the early part of April to July.
Rose-breasted Grosbeak. (Habia ludovieiana.) Black and white plumage, with rosy breast-patch and wing lining on the male, replaced by tan on the female. Woodland. A rather uncommon fall and spring migrant. Breeds in the more Northern States.
Blue Grosbeak. (Guiraca coerulea.) Uniform blue of male and heavy beak. Fields and edges of woodland. Rather rare about New Orleans, being found in spring and fall.
351
STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
Evéque (Creole) ; Blue Pop. Indigo Bunting. (Passerina eyanea.) Intensely and uniformly blue plumage on the males, the females being plain brown. Edges of the woods, thiekets, ete. Arrives the last of Mareh, inereasing in the first week of April. Many migrants are present the latter part of September and through mueh of October, all being brown at that season.
Pape; Pop; Red Pop. Painted Fineh; Nonpareil. (Passerina eiris. ) Variegated plumage of the male, red, blue, green and yellow appearing. Borders of the woods, orchards and high thiekets. Arrives in numbers the first week in April, remaining until Oetober. Breeds April to July.
Black-throated Bunting. (Spiza amerieana.) The quiek song of bright, though somewhat wheezy notes. Fields or meadows, with bushes or low trees. Arrives about April 20 and is common for two weeks, after which very few are seen. Its movements in the fall are not obvious.
Searlet Tanager. (Piranga erythromelas.) Blaek wings and tail and scarlet body, the red ehanging to yellow in autumn. Woods and groves. Sparingly common migrant in April and in September and Oetober. Breeds ehiefly to the north- ward.
Yellow Caille (the females and males in fall plumage). Summer Tanager. ( Pi- ranga rubra.) Completely red plumage, in males, with no erest. Woods and groves. Arrives April 3 or 4 and is common all summer. The last leave the latter part of October.
Martin ; Purple Martin. (Progne subis.) Unmistakable form of the Swallow and purplish blaek (in the male plumage). Arrives at the latest by the middle of February, becoming common early in Mareh; is not eonspieuous after Sep- tember 15.
Cliff Swallow. (Petroehelidon lunifrons.) Rather elose resemblance to the Barn Swallow, exeept in there being a shorter tail and a light frontal bar on the head. Rare in the immediate vieinity of New Orleans, appearing in the lo- calities where it occurs commonly chiefly in September.
Barn Swallow. (Chelidon erythrogaster.) Steel-blue baek; reddish brown under parts ; long forked tail ; graceful flight. Arrives in great numbers, for the first time, about April 20, deereasing by May 1; none present in June or most of July, reappearing the last of that month and remaining until November 1, but only locally.
Tree Swallow. (Taehycineta bicolor.) Green upper parts, white under parts. Com- mon at various times of the year excepting June; most abundant in April and Oetober.
352
STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
Bank Swallow. (Clivicola riparia.) Brown upper parts, white under parts. Seen at various times in the spring and fall, and in late summer. Not very com- mon.
Rough-winged Swallow. (Stelgidopteryx serripennis.) Colors same as in pre- ceding species, but throat and chin being continuously light grayish brown, instead of there being only a collar on the throat. Abundant in spring, late in summer and autumn.
Cirier (Creole). Cedar-bird; Cedar Waxwing. (Ampelis cedrorum.) Conspicu- ous crest ; disposition to keep in flocks. Groves and sometimes woodland. An erratic winter visitor, usually appearing in February and often remaining through most of April.
French Mocking-bird. Loggerhead Shrike. (Lanius ludovicianus.) Heavy body ; plumage resembles that of Mocking-bird. Fields with trees or bushes. Only a winter bird at New Orleans, arriving the last of August and leaving in March.
Green Grasset. Red-eyed Greenlet. (Vireo olivaceus.) Small size, green back, gray cap, white under parts. Woodland and groves. Arrives about March 20 and remains until the latter part of October; especially common in August and in September. Nesting begins April 15.
Philadelphia Greenlet. (Vireo philadelphus.) Strips of low woodland and low groves. A rather rare migrant, observed in the fall. Breeds only to the north- ward.
Warbling Greenlet. (Vireo gilvus.) Groves. Arrives by the end of March and remains noticeable from its song until August.
Yellow-throated Greenlet. (Vireo flavifrons.) Woodland and thickets. Com-
monest in the early part of April as a migrant; seen again in the fall.
Blue-headed Greenlet. (Vireo solitarus.) Bluish-gray cap, and white line curling about the eye. Woodland. A winter resident. Rather common from Decem- ber to March.
White-eyed Greenlet. (Vireo noveboracensis.) The short, pleasing, emphatic song, heard everywhere in the woods and thickets in summer. Swamps, wet thickets and other shrubbery. Abundant summer resident from March 15 to October 20; a few winter. Breeds from April 10 to June.
Black and White Warbler. (Mniotilta varia.) Finely variegated black and white plumage. Woodland. In spring it is seen occasionally late in March and in April; passes northward and returns late in July, remaining until October.
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STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
Prothonotary Warbler. (Protonotaria citrea.) Slaty blue, bright yellow and white plumage. Swamps. Arrives March 15-20; is common in summer ; tran- sients are passing southward in the latter part of July and in August, forsaking the swamps then for more open country. Nesting begins about April 15. Swainson's Warbler. (Helinaia swainsonii.) Lower growths of decp, damp wood- land. Extremely local near New Orleans and decidedly rare, arriving in one spot by April 6-8; probably breeds there.
Worm-eating Warbler. (Helmitherus vermivorus.) Swamps and woodland. Found as a migrant in spring and late in summer and fall. Uncommon.
Bachman's Warbler. (Helminthophila bachmani.) Swamps and woodland. Has been discovered near Lake Pontchartrain late in March. A very rare bird everywhere.
Blue-winged Yellow Warbler. (Helminthophila pinus.) General resemblance to the Prothonotary Warbler, but is smaller and has a black line through the eye. Woods and thickets. An uncommon transient in spring and fall.
Golden-winged Warbler. (Helminthophila chrysoptera.) Woods and thickets. A transient at New Orleans, noted in the fall migration about September 20. Rare.
Orange-crowned Warbler. (Helminthophila celata.) Woods and thickets. A common mid-winter bird. Breeds north of the United States.
Tennessee Warbler. (Hclminthophila peregrina.) Borders of the woods and bushy or weedy fields. Abundant autumn migrant from September 20 to October 20, the last leaving by November 1. Rare or unknown in spring.
Parula Warbler. (Compsothlypis americana.) Odd, buzzing song, blue back with golden spot in the center. Woods, thickets and groves. Arrives regularly the first week of March, becoming common at once; may remain all summer ; all leaving by the end of October. Nesting begins the last of March.
Yellow Warbler. (Dendroica aestiva.) Completely golden plumage. Orchards, groves and thickets. Arrives by April 3 or 4, but does not stop to rest. Thou- sands return in the last half of July from further north. All leave in Oc- tober.
Black-throated Blue Warbler. (Dendroica coerulescens.) Woods and thickets. A rare migrant in spring. Breeds mostly north of the United States.
Myrtle Warbler. (Dendroica coronata.) Yellow spot on rump. Most places in- differently. Arrives sparingly by October 15-20, becoming very abundant in the early part of November; most have gone north by April 20-25.
354
STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
Magnolia Warbler. (Dendroica maculosa.) Black and yellow or gray and yellow plumage. Woods and hedges. Arrives about September 20 and is abundant until November 1, when all leave; is very rare as a spring migrant, being usu- ally seen about May 1. Breeds chiefly north of the United States.
Cerulean Warbler. (Dendroica coerulca.) Azure blue and white plumage, with no other colors. Woodland and thickets. Observed as a rather rare migrant, in the earlier part of April; docs not remain in summer and is rare in the fall. Chestnut-sided Warbler. (Dendroica pennsylvanica.) Woodland and thickets. Never observed in the spring, but is sometimes fairly common in the fall for a few days, arriving September 20 or earlier. Nests in the Northern States. Bay-breasted Warbler. (Dendroica castanea.) Woodland and thickcts. On rather rare occasions fairly common for a few days in the fall migration; rarer still in the spring, but migrating late, even up to May 5. Nests in the North.
Black-poll Warbler. (Dendroica striata.) The perfect plumage is grayish, black and white. Woodland and thickets. Rare in the fall and spring migra- tions. Nests north of the United States.
Blackburnian Warbler. (Dendroica blackburniæ.) The patches of black and white and the orange throat are the most marked features of this bird. Woodland and thickets. Rather rare, in spring and fall migrations, occurring chiefly at the end of April and in the last of September and part of October.
Sycamore Warbler. (Dendroica dominica albilora.) Yellow throat, slaty back and black-streaked white sides. Swamps and woodland. Arrives by March 1 and is soon common, remaining all summer.
Black-throated Green Warbler. (Dendroica virens.) Woodland and thickets. Seldom appcars at New Orleans in spring; is occasional in the fall migration. Breeds in the Northern States.
Pine Warbler. (Dendroica vigorsii.) In breeding season, pine woods; in winter, mixed woods and in thickets. Usually found from December to March about New Orleans, but at no other times of the year. Breeds in pine woods North and South.
Palm Warbler. (Dendroica palmarum.) Reddish cap, yellow under parts, and its ground living habits. Wood-bound fields and roadsides. Common in win- ter from November until April 1; a few remain a week or so later. Breeds north of the United States.
Oven-bird. (Seiurus aurocapillus.) Green upper parts, specked, white under parts, and has a characteristic walking gait. Fairly common as a spring and fall
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STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
migrant throughout April and between September 15-20 and October 15. Breeds in the North.
Water Thrush. (Seiurus noveboracensis.) Has a peculiar walking gait. Ponds, sloughs or ditches in the woods or fields. Present throughout April and from the early part or middle of August to the first week in October. Breeds in the Northern States.
Louisiana Water Thrush. (Seiurus motacilla.) Closely resembles the last, from which it can scarcely be distinguished in life. Frequents clearer water than the preceding. Present at New Orleans as a transient in spring and fall, never stopping here to breed. Rather rare.
Kentucky Warbler. (Geothlypis formosa.) Lower growths in the woods. Arrives by the last of March; becomes inconspicuous in the fall. Common summer resident.
Mourning Warbler. (Geothlypis philadelphia. ) A very rare transient. Breeds mostly north of the United States.
Maryland Yellow-throat. (Geothlypis trichas.) Black and yellow throat. Thick- ets, copses or wet, bushy places. Common and resident. Nesting begins the latter part of March.
Yellow-breasted Chat. (Ictcria virens.) Large for a warbler, and has bright green, yellow and white plumage. Has several very odd notes. Thickets and bor- ders of woods. Arrives April 12-15; common summer resident. Nesting begins early in May.
Hooded Warbler. (Sylvania mitrata.) Partial black hood, green back and golden under parts. Swamps and woodland. Arrives March 10-15. Common summer resident, leaving by the end of October. Breeds April 15-July.
American Redstart. (Setophaga ruticilla.) The male is black, with a salmon- splotched plumage; quick in movement in pursuing insects. Woodland and groves. Very rare in spring ; returns from farther north July 20-25; common all fall, leaving by the end of October.
American Pipit. (Anthus pennsylvanicus.) Brown; characteristic walking gait; feeds in flocks on the ground. Fields and other open places. Arrives from the north October 22-25; very abundant all winter, some lingering until May 1. Breeds in the far North.
Sprague's Pipit. (Anthus spraguei.) Resembles in the more marked habits the common Pipit, except that it does not live in flocks and mounts very high in flight. Weedy or grassy pastures, fields and wastes. Of limited distribution,
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STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
from November to March; sometimes found in the pastures at Harvey's eanal; wanders to Louisiana from the Northwest and West. Breeds in Dakota and northward.
Moqueur (Creole). Mocking-bird. (Mimus polyglottus.) Imitative powers of song. Neighborhood of dwellings. Resident and common. Breeds from late March to August.
Black Caille (Creole) ; Caille Laurier (Creole). Catbird. (Galeoseoptes carolinen- sis.) Nearly black plumage and strange, cat-like cry. Copses, briers and woodland thickets. Rather common throughout April; abundant from Sep- tember 22-25 to November 1. A few winter, but none breed.
Freneh Mocking-bird (sec also Loggerhead Shrike) ; Moqueur de Canne (Creole). Brown Thrasher. (Harporhynchus rufus.) Bright reddish brown; slim form; long tail. Borders of the woods, thickets, briers, ete. A winter resident, but most abundant in the latter part of September and throughout Oetober and in the last part of March and first part of April. Breeds in the neighboring pine sections.
House Wren. Carolina Wren. (Thryothorus ludovicianus.) Loud, cheerful whis- tle, familiarity, rusty brown plumage. The neighborhood of houses and the woods indifferently. Resident and common. Nesting begins early in Mareh. Bewiek's Wren. (Thryothorus bewickii.) Deep brown upper parts, ashy under parts and long, heavily barred tail. Bushy places, brush piles, etc. Occurs at most times of the year, excepting the nesting season. Never eommon.
House Wren. (Troglodytes aedon.) Plain in all its markings, eolor contrasts be- ing absent. Wecdy or bushy plaees and briers. Found only as a winter resident, from October 1 to the first week of April.
Winter Wren. (Troglodytes hiemalis.) Very small; short tail, but resembles the preceding species considerably. Low thickets and various compact or clustered growths. Chicfly in mid-winter and not very common. Breeds chiefly north of the United States.
Short-billed Marsh Wren. (Cistothorus stellaris.) Black, white and brown varie- gation of the back. Marshes or wet, weedy fields. A winter visitant; usually uncommon.
Long-billed Marsh Wren. (Cistothorus palustris.) Liquid, gurgling song. Fresh or salt marshes. Resident, but commonest in summer.
Brown Creeper. (Certhia familiaris americana.) Habit of ascending tree trunks in a creeping manner. Woodland. Uncommon winter visitor.
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STANDARD HISTORY OF NEW ORLEANS.
Tufted Titmouse. (Parus bicolor.) Decided crest and notes resembling "peter, peter ; peter, peter." Woodland, groves and thickets. Resident and common. Carolina Chickadee. (Parus carolinensis.) Small size, generally gray plumage, black and white head. Woodland, groves and thickets. Resident and common. Nesting begins by April 1 at least.
Golden-crowned Kinglet. (Regulus satrapa.) Greenish plumage, small size, varie- gated bright crown-patch. Woodland, groves and thickets. Commonly present from the last of October until March 15. Breeds in the North.
Ruby-crowned Kinglet. (Regulus calendula.) Close resemblance in life to the former. distinguished by the crown patch, which is simply vermilion or scarlet. Woodland, groves and thickets. Present from October 15-20 to April 1-6. Breeds in the North.
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher. (Polioptila coerulea.) Small size; long black and white tail; inconsequent notes. Hedges, woodland borders and thickets. Arrives about March 15, becoming common March 21-25 or earlier ; a few winter ; most disappear early in the fall. Nesting begins almost by April 1.
Speckled Caille (Creole). Wood Thrush. (Turdus mustelinus.) Clear brown upper parts, black-streaked, satiny-white under parts; great musical powers. Woodland. Arrives by March 25-28, and is common until October 15, being es- pecially abundant about October 1; leaves by the end of October.
Wilson's Thrush. (Turdus fuscesens.) Light brown upper parts, pale streaking of breast. Woodland and low groves. Known as a migrant, especially in the latter part of April and after the middle of September. Not common. Breeds in the North.
Gray-cheekcd Thrush. (Turdus aliciae.) Grayish or brownish-olive upper parts and purely white or gray throat and cheeks. Woodland and thickets. A tran- sient migrant, sometimes very common late in April, and less common in the fall. Breeds in the North.
Olive-backed Thrush. (Turdus ustulatus swainsonii.) Closely resembles the pre- ceding; has tawny touches about the cheeks and throat. Woodland and thickets. Most regular in the fall after September 20 and until October 10-15; sometimes common late in April. Breeds in the North.
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