History of Essex County, Massachusetts : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Vol. II, Part 114

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) ed
Publication date: 1888
Publisher: Philadelphia, J. W. Lewis & Co.
Number of Pages: 1672

USA > Massachusetts > Essex County > History of Essex County, Massachusetts : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Vol. II > Part 114

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1st of Third Month, 1645, Samuel Winsley was chosen deputy for the Court of Election, to receive eight shillings per week.

8th of Third Month, 1645, at a meeting of the free- men, " ordered that John Sanders, Richard Wells and Willi Patridge shall have power to lay out the high- way to the beach."

20th of Eighth Month, 1645, at a meeting of the freemen, Ralph Blesdale was elected to keep the ordinary, with full power to draw and sell such in case the court will give him license.

29th of Eighth Month, 1645, meeting of the free- men ; there shall be a rate made of #8 to defray town charges, as to daub the meeting-house, etc.

8th of Eleventh Month, 1645, any person that shall kill any wolf in the town bounds shall have £1 10s., and for every fox, one shilling.

At a meeting of the seven men, 24th of Twelfth Month, 1646, "Ordered whoever shall burn any kiln of candle-wood within the libertic of the town without license, shall forfit five pounds for ever kiln he so burns, to be levied by the constable."

At a meeting of the freemen, 3d of First Month, 1647, Richard North shall have fifty shillings for ringing the bell two years and a half past, and twenty shillings to ring it one year more.

At a meeting of the five men, the 4th of Twelfth Month, "what person soever shall kill a wolf within the town bounds with his gun shall have ten shillings, and whosoever catcheth or kills them with a trap shall have fifteen shillings, and whosoever kills them in hunting with dogs shall have twenty shillings; also six pence per head for foxes."

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SALISBURY.

10th of Second Month, 1648, at a meeting of the freemen, Mr. Munday, Mr. Batt, Mr. Winsley, Isaac Buswell and Josiah Cobham were " chosen to serve upon the grand jury for ye next court at Salisbury." Also Lieutenant Pike, Thomas Maey, Richard Wells, John Severance, John Elsley and Philip Challice are chosen to serve upon the jury of trials.

18th of Tenth Month, 1648, meeting of freemen, " Lieutenant Pike, Mr. Samuel Winsley, Willi Ser- geant, Henry Ambross and Philip Challice shall have power to view and make the bounds between Salisbury and Hampton, and to hire a man to inform them and to be paid for their pain." Mr. Winsley, John Severence, John Stevens and Henry Brown are fined twelve pence a piece for disorderly talking in the meeting.

Mr. Carr to have the ferry for fourteen years, upon terms agreed upon by a committee. This ferry was by a boat from the Newburyport side of the river to Carr's Island; a bridge was built from the north side of the island to the Salisbury shore. The water in this part of the river is not more than eight feet deep at low water. This bridge was built of timber, and was not used for teams, but for foot passengers, beasts and persons on horseback. The landing on the Salisbury shore from Carr's Island is well de- fined, and the old path can be traced up to the high- way. Ralph Blasdale was given the use of four aeres of meadow during the time he shall keep the ordi- nary. Isaae Buswell and George Carr "shall have power to call upon Newbury town to lay out the country way so far as belongs unto them from the ferry to Mr. Clark's farm." Samuel Winsley fined twenty shillings for refusing to be a constable. Willi Patridge was fined 2s. 6d. for putting a con- trary name in voting for a constable. Also Willi Patridge was chosen constable, and upon his refusal was fined 208.

At a meeting of the freemen, 11th of First Month 1649, Lieut. Pike and four others were chosen to serve upon the jury of trials, "the next County Court to be holden at Salisbury."

At a meeting of. the freemen, 2d of Ninth Month, 1649, Thomas Pettit was admitted a townsman, and liberty was given him to dwell in the watch-house till May day next ensuing.

24th of Tenth Month, 1649. At a general meeting of the town, " Ordered that all the meadow upon the north side of the little River shall be reserved to the use of the Common, and not to be altered without the consent of the whole town."

At a meeting of the five men, 16th of Eleventh Month, 1649, all those men that were fined for not coming to the town-meetings formerly past are hereby acqnitted.

18th of Twelfth Month, 1649. Meeting of freemen. Steven Flanders was admitted a townsman upon the condition that he shall constantly keep the town herd of cows.

20th of Eleventh Month, 1650. At a general meet- ing of the town of Salisbury Vall Rowell was admitted a townsman, to have his privilege "in ye commons with others." There was granted to Richard Ball and Anthony Nuland six acres of upland at Rings Island, provided the town be reserved liberty on said Island to set up a stage and flakes for fishing.

3d Twelfth Month, 1650. At a general meeting of the town of Salisbury, it was " ordered that all whose names are hereunder written shall be accounted towns- men or Comoners, and none but them to this present." Fifty-six names were recorded, among them Rev. Wm. Worcester and Robt. Pike.

10th of Twelfth Month, 1650. A committee was appointed to view and settle the bounds between Salisbury and Hampton.

March 20, 1651. At a meeting of the prudential men, a rate of thirty-five pounds was ordered towards repairing and finishing the meeting-house and paying town debts. Henry Brown and Samuel Fellows were chosen fenee-viewers for the old town, Jarrett Had- clon and Mr. Hoyt for the new town, for the year en- suing.

16th of Second Month, 1651. At a general meeting of the freemen, a committee, consisting of Samuel Winsley, Samuel Hall, John Severance and Willi Sargent, were appointed to arrange the town hounds between Salisbury and Hampton.

At a meeting of the town of Salisbury, 19th of Eleventh Month, 1651, "Ordered that any of the in- habitants shall have power to fetch away that rick of hay which stands next to Mr. Ilall's farm, between this town and Hampton, and the town to secure them from all damage that may any way arise thereby."

26th of Eleventh Month, 1651. Meeting of town of Salisbury. "The old meeting-house shall be re- paired with an addition of a new frame of twelve foot, with convenient seats and whatever else is necessary. Before the meeting was finished, sixteen feet addition was voted instead of twelve."

16th of Twelfth Month, 1651. Town meeting. " Ordered that the Town shall bring an action against those of Hampton which have trespassed upon the said town by cutting grass upon the meadow, and that Thomas Bradbury shall prosecute the cause against them before the Commissioners of Salisbury."

23d of Twelfth Month, 1651. "Ordered that Lieut. Pike shall return this answer to the town of Pentuekett: that for the present the town sees no reason to alter the line between us, but shall not be unwilling to attend any reasonable motion further about it."

" At a meeting of the townesmen, 1652, ye Fourth Month, the twenty-eighth day," a committee of eight were appointed "to divide the Comon which is given to be equally divided to ye townesmen inhabi- tants according to a former grant."

12th of Fifth Month, 1652. " Edward french shall pay five shillings for his abusive carriage in the meeting."

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HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.

27th of Tenth Month, 1652. Town allowed Thomas Bradbury ten shillings " for keeping the Town Book for entering ye Town Acts." Surveyors are impowered to make the way toward the Beach over the meadows. " At a general meeting of the Town of Salisbury, ye JOth of ye Eleventh Month, 1652, Mr. Thomas Brad- bury was chosen to be schoolmaster for ye said town, to teach all their children (those only excepted that have not the knowledge of ye letters) in writing and reading and otherwise, so far as his abilities will reach unto. Salary was fixed at twenty pounds per annum-he to have the privilege of attending County Courts and also to have the privilege of teaching all out-town children unto himself. One-balf his salary to be paid in good corn at the price current. Wm. Worcester, Sam. Winsley, Lieut. Robert Pike and Thus. Macy to be overseers of abovesaid school," who were to determine when the teaching of out-of-town children "are prejudicial to the town's children."

23d of Eleventh Month, 1652. "At a meeting of ve town, Ordered that the seats in the meeting-bouse shall hereditarily belong to ye honses, according as they are now placed by the men appointed." The following persons entered their "Contra dicent :" Mr. Wm. Worcester, Mr. Sam. Winsley, Mr. Thomas Bradbury, Richard Wells, Isaac Buswell, Jno. Stevens, Ino. Hisley, Richard North, Sam. Fellows, Rob. Fitts, Thos. Macy and Henry Brown.

3Ist of Eleventh Month, 1652, voted to pay Abra- ham Fitts thirty shillings for killing a wolf.

Ist of Twelfth Month, 1652, Thomas Bradbury to have ten pounds out of the produce of the saw-mill, in part payment for teaching school.

Ifth of Twelfth Month, 1652, " Little River shall be appropriated to the sole use of the common for the space of seven years from this present."

21st of Twelfth Month, 1652, " there shall be noth- ing acted concerning the stinting the comons dur- ing the space of five years," and that notice shall be given to every townsman or left at his house when anything is acted concerning the same. "Men ap- pointed, did lay out a highway to the beach." Also "that the fore seats of the leanto of the meeting- house shall be brought forward 18 inches into the ulley, and that there shall be three seats with that addition backward to the side of ye leanto." John Severance and Willi Partridge were appointed to have " ye ferry settled " and " to have power with the townsman of Nubery to lay out ye country highway between their town and ours, according to ye General Court order " A con mittee were appointed to lay out a highway from the common gate leading to the Great Neck, down to the low water-mark at the hog- house, not to exceed five rods in breadth. " Anthony Colby and Richard Currier shall have power to lay out a highway of four rods in breadth from ye Mill Bridge fo ye common which leads to ye Lyons Month."

sth ot lighth Month, 1653, at a meeting of the five

men, John Ilsley shall keep the town's stock of powder, bullets and matches.

" Att a meeting of ye Selectmen of ye Town of Salisbury ye 4th of ye 11th m. 1653, Mr. Sam. Win- sley, plaintiff, agt. Phillip Challis, defend., in an ae- tion of debt due upon accounts for goods delivered unto him-as an Iron Pot, a bottle of liquor and other things. Plaintiff withdraws his action-allowing the defendant for costs, 5s. and 4d. Also Sam. Winsley, plant. agt. Abraham Morrill, defend., for goods-a plough, harrow, &c. The Seleetmen find for the plaintiff, five shillings and eleven pence damage and costs of the meeting. Allowed for costs, nine shil- lings."

At a meeting of the town of Salisbury 9th of Elev- enth Month, 1653, "Mr. Sam Winsley and Mr. Sam Hall shall go to Hampton, to signify unto the said town, that it is the intent of the town of Salisbury to reserve the determination of the line betwixt them and us from Hampton River's mouth to the farther- most part of Mr. Batehelder's farm, to the General Court for as much as the return of the commissioners appointed by the General Court to lay out the said line, is very dark and doubtful to us." Also "they shall tender in behalf of the town unto the town of Hampton, our desire and readiness to join with them to procure a sufficient Artest to lay out the line be- twixt us and them from the southermost part of Mr. Batehelder's farm, to ye extent of our bounds up into ye contrey," etc.

23d of Eleventh Month, 1653, at a general meeting of the town of Salisbury, it was "ordered that that which is comonly called the beach comon, run- ning from Merrimack River's mouth to Hampton River's mouth, all ye meadow and marsh undisposed of, shall remain a common to ye use of ye town for- ever."

27th of 12th Month, 1653, a committee was ap- pointed to run the town line betwixt Salisbury and Haverhill.

14th of First Month, 1654, Robert Ring to have the sole fishing in Powow River for five years. Price of fish, four shillings and six pence per thousand.

May 1, 1654, Sam Winsley and Robert Pike were appointed to represent the town before the General Court concerning the boundary lines between Hamp- tm and Salisbury and also between Haverhill and Salisbury.

It appears by the record of the mowing of the grass upon the Beach Common, by which every townsman was to have his proportion according to his estate, that the number of property-owners was one hun- dred and twenty. The Beach Common extended from Hampton River's mouth to Merrimac River's mouth. Sixty names are recorded in the division, and Anthony Colby, Thomas Macy, Mr. Munday, Abraham Morrill, Samnel Hall and Jonathan Rolfe were evidently the largest real estate owners.

1654, Joseph Pearley and Thomas Macy, for violat-

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SALISBURY.

ing a law which forbade any but ordained ministers from preaching, were arrested and fined. This was virtually the first expression of sentiment against the old parish law of church government. Much ex- citement was ereated, and petitions numerously signed were sent to the General Court asking the remission of the fine and imprisonment levied upon Lieut. Robert Pike, who had defended the right of any man to preach, and was foremost in asking for the release of the penalty imposed. Those even who signed the petition were called to account and bound over in £IO each. Such as acknowledged their offense were re- leased.

Major Robert Pike was one of the first and most active settlers of the town. He may be classed as a pioneer in every movement where anything savoring of injustice or wrong was involved, and feared not to speak against it in high places. Born in Longford in 1616, he came to Newbury with his father, John Pike, who died in Salisbury in 1654. Admitted a freeman in 1637, he was a representative from the town in 1648 and for seven other years. Lieutenant in 1647, captain in 1663, a mayor in 1668, assistant from 1682 to 1686, one of the Council of Safety in 1689, and one of the first Council under the charter of William and Mary in 1692. He died December 12, 1796, aged ninety-two. To him is attributed the action of defending the two Quakers who were sen- tenved to be whipped by a justice in Dover on the way to Salisbury, and declared that no such act would be inflicted upon them in the town. Whittier honors the old hero in a beautiful poem for his action.

In 1655 the first bridge was built across the Merri- mac-a floating bridge between Carr's Island and Newbury-at the old ferry. It was five feet wide, rails on each side, and two hundred and seventy feet long. It was built by George Carr, who owned the island, and for this service he received liberal grants of land in the town.

We pass over much of the records, having given sufficient to illustrate the methods and historical data of faets bearing upon the early history and its inhab- itants, and will only glance at the events of import- ance as they occurred. The thirst for land appeared to be a growing desire among the settlers, and the division of five hundred aeres by vote occasioned op- position. Lieutenant Robert Pike denounced the action as unjust, declaring it was equivalent to "say- ing because we have the power, we will take it and divide it among ourselves." In this he was sustained by Thomas Bradbury, Edmund Elliott, Robert Ring, John Stevens, John Rofe, Robert Ring and John Maxfield. Robert Pike wanted the land as a common heritance to all who should settle among them.

In 1659 it was voted that there shall be a general meeting for the choice of all public officers for the town, and for the election of a deputy to the General Conrt, and for one man to administer oaths and marrying. It was ordered that Rev. Wm. Worcester

shall have his maintenance for the year, either fifty or sixty pounds, and the produce of the old saw-mill on Little River, provided the new town continue with the old.

12th of February, 1661. Willi Buswell ehosen a " prudential man," and refusing is fined fifteen shil- lings. Capt. Robert Pike, Lieut. Phillip Challis, William Osgood, Edward French and John Isley chosen prudential men. The following persons were appointed " to divide the land lying between the river that comes from the new meadows and the Mill River to the head thereof: Capt. Pike, Mr. Winsley, Richard Wells, Willi Brown, George Goldmyer, Ed. French and Andrew Greely."

The rules to which they had an eye in dividing the land-

" 1st. The charge or disbursement that men have been generally at.

" 2d. The service that men have been put upon generally.

" 3dl. The number of the persons in a family.

" 4th. The necessity that men have and theirs.

" 5th. The Antiquitis of the inhabitants and the legality of their rights.

" Fifty-eight lots were sett off, containing from 30 to 120 acres each !"

9th of Tenth Month, 1662, John Severance and John Stevens were sent to Wells for some necessaries, from thence for Mr. "Wheelwrite."

January 20, 1662, Capt. Thomas Bradbury, Jno. Stevens, Wm. Buswell, Henry Brown and John Ilsley, prudential men, to begin February 12th next.

March 10, 1662, Capt. Pike chosen Deputie for the town of Salisbury. Wm. Buswell was chosen " Clarke of ye market ;" Richard Currier was chosen " Meas- urer." Willi Buswell, Andrew Greely, John Stevens, Jr., and Nathl. Brown were ordered to per- ambulate Hampton line.

22d of Sixth Month, 1663, Andrew Greely added to the prudential men. Mr. Jeremieh Hutchins, of Boston, was chosen Deputie for ye next Sessions of ye General Court.

2d of Twelfth Month, 1663 (February), Mr. Carre, Andrew Greely, Jno. Dickinson, Roger Eastman and Sam. Fellows, prudential men.

23d of Twelfth Month, 1663 Mr. Huchins was chosen deputy for ye town of Salisbury. The prudential men shall make a sufficient highway to the beach this year. County Court was at Salisbury in 1664.

20th of December, 1664. Ordered there shall be a new meeting-house built with all convenient speed.

27th of December, 1664. Capt. Pike, Capt. Brad- bury and Cornet Severans chosen building committee.

28th of Tenth Month, 1664. The meeting-house not to exceed forty-six foot in length, and thirty foot in breadth.

Ist of February, 1664. Thos. Bradbury, Eusign Bnswell, Jno. Clough, Jno. Gill and Riehard Hub- bard, prudential men, commencing February 12th.

9th of March, 1664. Mr. Jerremi Huchins chosen Deputy,-Mr. Henry Dearing to have ten pound a year for teaching school. School commenced at " Young goodales house."

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HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.

27th of March, 1665. Wm. Buswell " clarke of the market.“

22d of April, 1665. Robt. Pike, Andrew Greely and Wm. Buswell were chosen to perambulate Hamp- ton line, and to make out ye bounds.

15th of Eleventh Month, 1665. Richard Currier chosen constable. Wm. Osgood, John Severans, Jno. Ilsley, Phillip Challis and Sam. French, pru- dential men, to begin February 12th next. Capt. l'ike, Thos. Bradbury and Deacon Richard Wells were chosen commissioners to end small cases.

5th of First Month, 1666. Jeremiah Hutchins chosen Deputie.

22d of First Month, 1666. Articles between the okl town and the new shall be entered in the town book for preservation.

May 14, 1666, Thomas Bradbury chosen deputy for General Court for first session.

September 3, 1666, Captain Pike chosen deputy for General Court.

28th of Eleventh Month, 1666, Richard Wells, Wil- liam Buswell, Sam Fellows, Henry Brown and Thos. Bradbury, Sr., prudential men.

April 15, 1667, Captain Robert Pike, Andrew Gree- ly, William Buswell, Wymond Bradbury and John Stevens were appointed to run the line between Salisbury and Hampton, from the rock ealled "ye bore," within John Brown's farm, unto the bound tree at the new meadows marked by Capt. Shapleigh.

April 23, 1667, prudential men "ordered John Bar- bar to depart out of the town, the town being not willing he should abide in this town."

22d of Fourth Month, 1667, Captain Pike was or- dered to buy a barrel of powder.

10th of Twelfth Month, 1667, Thomas Bradbury, Ensign Buswell, Henry Brown, John Clough and John Gill prudential men.

2dl of Twelfth Month, 1668, Thomas Bradbury, Edward French, John Stevens, John Ilsley and Willi Allen prudential men.

March 5, 1669, "Willi Osgood to build a sufficient bridge over back river."

October 6, 1669, Robert like chosen deputy.

6th of Tenth Month, 1669, John Isley, John Gill and Henry Brown were chosen grand jury men.

January 31, 1669, Thomas Bradbury, Willi Osgood, Ensign Buswell, John Clough and Sam Fellows pru- dential men.

17th of First Month, 1670, Robert l'ike chosen dep- uty.

9th of Twelfth Month, 1670, Captain Bradbury, lohn Hsley, Henry Brown, John Gill and Ensign Buswell prudential men.

6th of First Month, 1670 71 (page 162), several roads laid out.

13th of Twelfth Month, 1671, Thomas Bradbury, WiHoun Buswell, Henry Brown, George Goldwyer and I hn Eastman prudential men.

March 11, 1672-73, Mr. Thomas Bradbuary, John

Severans, Sam Fellows, John Clough and John Ilsley chosen prudential men. Town-meeting ordered at the meeting-house March 17th.

October 13, 1673, Ephraim Winsley appointed school-master by the prudential men. £10 a year, and 3d. for every one that learns to read, and 4d. for every one that learns to write and read.

1st of Tenth Month, 1673, commoners mentioned.

February 18, 1673, Major Pike, Captain Bradbury, Ensign Buswell, Cornet Severans and Samuel Fel- lows, Sr., prudential men.

May 14, 1674, granted to Ezekiel Levitt one acre of land to build upon for his trade of shoemaking, which he is to follow for the use of the town.

8th of Twelfth Month, 1674, time of term of pru- dential men to end Deeember Ist in each year. Thomas Bradbury, Ensign Buswell, Cornet Sever- ans, John Ilsley and Henry Brown elected prudential men.

April 26, 1675, committee appointed to establish line between Amesbury and Salisbury.

September 20, 1675, "What soldier or inhabitant soever belonging to this town shall refuse or neglect to come to work abont ye fortifieacon appointed by ye millitia forthwith to be erected for ye security of ve town, especially women & children, ye said partie so refusing shall pay 5 shillings."

September 27, 1675, Quartermaster Osgood was given ebarge of the fortifieations about the meeting- house.

January 3, 1675, prudential men chosen, Thomas Bradbury, William Buswell, William Osgood, Thom- as Mudgett and Henry Brown.

April 23, 1677, prudential men, Thomas Bradbury, William Osgood, Thomas Mudgett, William Buswell and John Ilsley.

September 17, 1677, Major Pike, Captain Bradbury and Henry Brown were chosen commissioners to end small cases.

January 3, 1677, Captain Bradbury, Samuel Fel- lows, Sr., Henry Brown, Willi Bnswell and John Illsley were chosen prudential men.

January 7, 1678, Captain Bradbury, Ensign Bus- well, Henry Brown, Sr., Sergeant Henry True and John Stevens, Jr., were chosen seleetmen.

January 5, 1679, Captain Bradbury, Mr. Mudgett, Quartermaster Osgood, John Ilsley and Samuel Fel- lows were chosen prudential men.

31st Tenth Month, 1680, Captain Thomas Bradbury, Henry Brown, Henry True, Nathaniel Brown and Robert Ring were chosen selectmen ; Thomas Brad- bury was chosen schoolmaster.

January 4, 1681, Captain Bradbury, Ensign Bus- well, John Isley, Henry Brown and John Stevens, Jr. chosen selectmen.

May 16, 1682, " Voted that the town with all thank- fulness accept of ye bell which is presented nnto them by Mr. George Hewes ; also voted to make Mr. Hewes, a present of Deare Island."

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SALISBURY.

January 8, 1862, Selectmen, Mr. Thomas Bradbury, Isaac Morrill, Mr. Thomas Mu lgett, Quartermaster Osgood and Ensign Buswell.

December 26, 1683, Selectmen, Mr. Thomas Brad- bury, Henry Brown, Henry True, John Stevens, Jr., and Jacob Morrill.

Jannary 8, 1684, Selectmen, Captain Bradbury, En- sign Buswell, Onesi Page, John French, Sr., and Richard Hubert.

January 8, 1685, Prudential Men, Henry Brown, Sr., Sergeant True, Sergeant Brown, Jacob Morrill, Sergeant John Stevens, Jr.

Jannary 4, 1686, Prudential Men, Captain Thomas Bradbury, Jacob Morrill, Sergeant Nathaniel Brown, Benjamin Stevens and Sergeant John Stevens, Jr.

28th of Tenth Month, 1687, the select men were Henry Trne, Ensign Wm. Buswell, Richard Long, Ephraim Brown and Jarves Ring.

June 11, 1689, the prudential men were Lieut. Henry Trne, Jacob Morrill, Ephraim Brown, Benj. Easman and Nathl. Brown.

February 13, 1689, the selectmen were Henry True, Capt. Buswell, Onesiphors Page, Richard Hubberd and Mr. Tho. Bradbury.

February 13, 1690, the selectmen were Capt. Tho. Bradbury, Jacob Morrill, Lieut. Trne, Willi Allin and Oneseforus Page.

February 12, 1691-92, the selectmen were Capt. Brad- bury, Capt. Buswell, Richd. Long, Jno. Easman and John Allin.

March 7, 1692-93, the selectmen were Lieut. True, Jacob Morrill, Ensign Brown, Cornet Hubberd and Joseph Eaton.

March 13, 1693-94, the selectmen were Richard Long, Isaac Morrill, William Allin, Jarves Ring and Phil- lip Grele. Capt Thos. Bradbury chosen town clerk ; Richard Long, clerk of the market.

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History of Essex County, Massachusetts : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Vol. II, Part 114

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) ed Publication date: 1888 Publisher: Philadelphia, J. W. Lewis & Co. Number of Pages: 1672

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) ed
Publication date: 1888
Publisher: Philadelphia, J. W. Lewis & Co.
Number of Pages: 1672