USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Framingham > History of Framingham, Massachusetts, early known as Danforth's Farms, 1640-1880; with a genealogical register > Part 33
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1778 .- The extraordinary calls for soldiers, the last year, had drawn heavily on our militia ; and many of our men who were induced to enlist, were unable to make suitable provision for their families at home. The town promptly undertook to take care of such families ; and also to see that her soldiers did not lack for suitable clothing.
Jan. 26. The town chose Ebenezer Marshall, Benj. Mixer, Peter Parker, Abraham Nurse, Lieut. Nathan Winch a committee "to provide for the families of such soldiers from this town as have enlisted into the Continental Army," and granted £100 for this purpose. The next year the sum of froo was granted for the same purpose ; and the committee, with full powers, was continued from year to year.
Mar. 2. A committee, consisting of Capt. John Gleason, Lieut. Wm. Maynard, Lieut. John Shattuck, John Fiske, Lieut. Nathan Drury, Lieut. Joseph Mixer, Capt. Simon Edgell, was chosen, “to provide a quantity of clothing for the soldiers from this town in the Continental Army, who are to send on such clothing by a fit person ; and granted £500 for this purpose."
At the same meeting, the town granted the sum of eighteen hundred pounds to pay the soldiers' bounty money.
The committee of correspondence chosen this year, were Lieut. John Shattuck, Benj. Eaton, Thomas Stone sen., Capt. Thomas Drury, Lieut. Samuel Gleason Jr., Peter Parker, Joseph Bixby.
" Voted to pay Eben' Marshall for 29 spades and pickaxes for the use of the army, (@, 18s. each."
It cost more time and more money to secure enlistments to fill the levies this year than last ; but our town maintained its good reputation in this respect.
Jan. I, Lieut. John Eames 2d went with a squad of men to R. I., and was out three months.
Under the resolve of Feb. 8, calling for detachments of the militia, to guard the Convention Prisoners at Cambridge, twelve Framingham
31I
War of the Revolution.
men joined Capt. John Holmes' company, in Col. Jona. Reed's regiment. They were in service from April 2 to July 4. Their names are as follows: Joseph Fairbanks, Perley Fairbanks, Amos Gates, Henry Gates, Samuel Gleason, Daniel Knowlton, Jason Parmenter, Joel Parmenter, Joseph Parmenter, Phinehas Rice, Peter Tower, Joseph Winch Jr.
Jeffrey Hemenway was in Capt. Ebenezer Belknap's company, Col. Nathaniel Wade's regiment, from April I to Jan. 1, '79.
April 20. A Resolve passed the General Court, for raising fifteen battalions, to re-inforce the Northern army for eight and nine months. Framingham was required to furnish 10 men for the 9 months' service, to be reckoned "after their arrival at Fishkill." The town "voted May 11, To hire the 10 men now called for in the Continental Army." Eight men enlisted, viz. Lieut. Cornelius Claflin, Sergt. J. Grant Haven, Sergt. Increase Claflin, Corp. Eleazar Kendall, Daniel Gleason, Micah Drury, Ephraim Newton, Hezekiah Rice. They were attached to Capt. Caleb Moulton's East Sudbury company, in Col. Thos. Poor's regiment.
At the same time 8 men were called for "to fortify the North River," and to be out 8 months after their arrival at Peekskill. The town voted to hire the 8 men now called for ; and granted the sum of £1670 to pay for the above quotas.
Under the two calls, above named, the town hired six Frenchmen, who engaged to serve during the war; and "to complete the defi- ciency," drafted Aaron Hill aged 25, Caleb Stacey aged 18, Timothy Pike aged 18, who afterwards enlisted for the war. (The last three men were in Capt. Buckminster's company, Col. Samuel Bullard's regiment.)
The full quota of Framingham, under the call for the 15 battalions, appears to have been 30 men. Including the 6 Frenchmen and Timothy Pike who enlisted for the war, she raised 24. The selectmen claimed that this fully equalled the 30 eight and nine months' men called for, and the town refused to draft or hire any more men. The Massachusetts authorities decided otherwise; and Framingham was fined £780 for the deficiency. A careful inquiry was subsequently instituted ; and the final decision was in our favor ; and the next year the fine was remitted.
June 12. Capt. Simon Edgell raised a company of 28 men from this town, Hopkinton and Sherborn, for six months' service in R. I. in Col. Nath'l Wade's regiment. The Framingham men were Sergt. Barechias Wait, Corp. David Brewer, Drummer Moses Edgell, Hanover Dickerson, Thad. Hemenway, Jacob Parmenter, Amos Underwood, Silas Winch.
312
History of Framingham.
Henderson Walkup enlisted from Upton in Capt. Bachelder's Northbridge company.
June 15. At a town meeting called to consider the proposed Constitution or Form of Government, after debate the vote stood five in favor and seventy-seven against it.
In July a number of our militia went to Cambridge to guard the Convention Prisoners, and were out 512 months.
July 28. Col. Hawes' regiment was ordered out for service in R. I. for six weeks. John Trowbridge was major in the regiment ; and the following Framingham men were in Capt. Amos Perry's Holliston company, viz. Sergt. James Mellen, Jacob Belcher, Timothy Ballord, Frederick Brown, Joel Coolidge, Daniel Dadmun, Thomas Drury, Perley Fairbanks, Jacob Gibbs, John Hemenway, Nathan Kendall, Benj. Morse, Josiah Nurse (who died at Seaconk on his return, aged 17), Ezekiel Rice, Daniel Stone, Josiah Stone.
In Oct., Sergt. Abel Stone and some men from this town went to Providence, and were in service 3 months.
Oct. I. A court martial met at Pawling, Dutchess Co. N. Y. for the trial of Gen. Schuyler, on his own demand, for " Neglect of Duty in the campaign of '77, by which Ticonderoga was surrendered to the British." The court was composed of the following officers, viz.
Maj. General Benjamin Lincoln, President
Brig. General John Nixon
George Clinton
Anthony Wayne
66 J. P. G. Muhlenberg
Colonels John Greaton, Francis Johnson, Rufus Putnam, Mordecai Gist, Wm. Russell, Wm. Grayson, Walter Stewart, R. J. Meigs. John Laurens, Judge Advocate.
As is well known, after a patient hearing, the Court unanimously decided that he was not guilty, and " we do therefore acquit him with the highest honor."
Dec. 7. "The town voted that Mr. Samuel Hemenway have one of the guns in the Town Store, in lieu of the one that Lieut. Micah Dougherty had of him in the year 1775, by an order from the select- men, being apprized by them at six dollars - Provided that those men who apprized his gun shall apprise the Town's gun, and if it is better than his, he is to pay the odds to the town, if not so good, the town is to make it up.
CAPTIVITY OF LIEUT. JONATHAN MAYNARD. - Jonathan Maynard of this town, then a student in Harvard College, enlisted in the eight months' service April 24, 1775, in Capt. Thomas Drury's company. June 17, he was with his company at the battle of Bunker Hill. The
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War of the Revolution.
next year he went with the army to New York, and was in the campaigns of '76 and '77 on the North River, and in the battles of Stillwater and Saratoga. In 1778, he was lieutenant in one of the companies in Col. Ichabod Alden's 7th Mass. regiment, Gen. J. Nixon's brigade. While Alden's regiment was stationed at or near West Point, viz. May 30, 1778, Lieut. Maynard with a small party went out on a foraging excursion to a considerable distance from the camp, when they were set upon by a scouting band of Indians, and after a sharp skirmish taken prisoners. They were conducted for a distance of several miles away from the American lines, when a halt was made, and all but the lieutenant were tomahawked and scalped. As he wore a sword, he was considered a greater prize, and was conducted to the camp of Brant their chieftain. The precise locality of this chief's camp at this date has not been ascertained.
After a brief consultation, it was decided to burn the captive. The fagots were collected, and he was tied to a tree, and the fire was ready to be kindled. Though a stranger to all in the group, and ignorant of the fact that the Indian chief was a Free Mason, as his last hope, Lieut. Maynard gave the Master Mason's sign of distress. This sign was recognized by Brant, who was standing by; and he ordered the execution to be postponed. Maynard was put under guard ; and in due time, with other prisoners, was sent to Quebec. He was held in captivity here till Dec. 26, 1780, when he was exchanged.
Lieut. Maynard rejoined his company at West Point Jan. 4, 1781. His old colonel, Alden, had been killed by the Indians at Cherry Valley Nov. 11, 1778, and the regiment was in command of Col. John Brooks. Maynard received his lieutenant's pay of £8 per month for the full time of his captivity. A few weeks after his return, i. e. Jan. 25, 1781, he was promoted to the captaincy of his company (his commission is dated Feb. 22), and continued in the service at various points on the North River, and as recruiting officer, till Nov. 19, 1782, when he resigned and received an honorable discharge.
1779 .- Committee of correspondence this year : Daniel Sanger, James Clayes Jr., Capt. Simon Edgell, Lieut. Asaph Bigelow, Capt. Nathan Drury.
Officers of the militia : Fifth Middlesex regiment, Col. Abner Perry, commissioned May I, Lieut. Col. John Trowbridge, com. May 1, Maj. John Gleason, com. May 11, Adj. James Mellen, com. Sept. 16. East company Framingham militia, Capt. Nathan Drury, Lieut. John Bent, Ens. Abel Stone. West company, Capt. David Brewer, Lieut. John
314
History of Framingham.
Mayhew, Ens. James Mellen. North company, Lawson Buckminster, captain, John Trowbridge, lieutenant, Ebenezer Hemenway, ensign.
April 10. Framingham was required to furnish three teams for the public service, to transport stores from Boston to Springfield. Capt. Joseph Eames, John Jones and Josiah Bent were employed.
Capt. Lawson Buckminster raised a company for the R. I. service ; and May 7, was ordered to report for duty at Tiverton, in Lieut. Col. Samuel Pierce's regiment. He was out till July 1. Corp. Micah Drury, Amos Gates, Wm. Greenwood, Ephraim Newton, and Thomas Turner of this town were members of this company.
Under the resolve of April 27, five additional men from this town were required for the R. I. service till July 1. The town "voted that the officers should hire the five men now called for, and report to the town what they gave them as hire, as soon as may be." Lieut. Silas Hemenway, John Stacy, Luther Goddard, John Stone and Andrew Dalrymple were hired, and joined Capt. J. McNall's company in Lieut. Col. Pierce's regiment.
June 21. By order of the General Court, four men were called for to serve in R. I. for six months. The town voted to hire the men instead of drafting them. Lieut. John Pike, Phinehas Graves, Thad- deus Hemenway and Jona. Rice were engaged, and joined Capt. Thomas Hovey's Cambridge company in Col. Nathan Tyler's regiment.
The difficulty of securing men to fill the numerous calls this year, is apparent from the following vote of the town : "Voted, that the militia officers, together with Ebenezer Eaton and Noah Eaton Jr. be a committee to hire men now called for for the service. Voted that said committee be empowered to hire soldiers, if any are called for, till the next March meeting. Voted that the treasurer pay out of the town treasury, or hire money to pay the soldiers to be raised for such expeditions."
In a warrant issued July 1, is this article : " By a request from the Committee of Correspondence of Boston to the committee of this town, suggesting that it is of the utmost necessity at this time, to have a Convention of Delegates from the several town committees of corre- spondence in this state, to meet at Concord on Wednesday the 14th inst. for the purpose of framing such arrangements and adopting such measures as shall be necessary etc." Under this article the town " voted to approve the spirit of the resolve of the town of Boston, and to desire our committee of correspondence to attend at Concord as requested." The object of this Convention was to take into consider- ation the whole subject of domestic trade, and establish a system of prices at which the necessaries of life and other articles should be
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War of the Revolution.
sold. The occasion for such a convention was the prevalent scarcity of money, the bad credit of the towns which were obliged to hire money to pay soldiers' bounties, the grasping spirit of such as had money to lend, and the exorbitant prices charged by producers and dealers for all articles of daily consumption.
This Convention fixed in a general way a scale of prices for goods, wares and merchandise, and also for farm products and the wages of labor. Before adjournment they recommended that another conven- tion be held in October which should perfect details.
At a town meeting Aug. 9, Framingham voted " to accept the spirit of the resolve adopted by the Convention at Concord, to regulate prices." The town also voted to send Capt. Simon Edgell and Daniel Sanger to represent the town in the convention at Concord the first Wed. in October. The town further " voted to choose a committee of ten men, to state the prices of labor, country produce, manufactures, Inholder's charges etc. and chose Josiah Stone Esq., Doct. Ebenezer Hemenway, Dea. Wm Brown, Daniel Sanger, David Haven Esq., Capt. Lawson Buckminster, Capt. Simon Edgell, Peter Parker, Joseph Nichols and Ebenezer Marshall, said committee."
" Voted that the committee of correspondence for Framingham inspect the conduct of any person, not complying with the resolves of said convention, and publish in the public prints the names of any that are guilty."
The prices of some of the many commodities and necessaries, then established, are here given. It will be seen that the Convention made thorough work, and took in all kinds of business. The prices are given in the depreciated currency of that date, which was in about the ratio of 20 shillings paper to one shilling in silver. This would bring the price of Bohea tea to $1.33 per pound, and wages per day in summer to 58 cents.
West India rum, £6. 9. per gall .; N. E. rum, £4. 16 per gall .; coffee, ISs. per lb .; molasses, £4. 15 per gall .; brown sugar, from 10 s. to 14 s. per lb .; Bohea tea, £5. 16 per lb .; salt, fro. 8 per bushel.
Indian corn, £4. 4 per bush .; rye, £5. 10 per bush .; wheat, £8. 10 per bush .; beef, 5 s. 2 d. per lb .; butter, 12 s. per lb .; cheese, first quality, 6 s. per lb .; hay, 30s. per cwt .; sheep's wool, 24 s. per lb .; flax, 12 s. per lb.
Yard wide tow cloth, 24 s. per yd .; cotton do., 36 s. per yd .; men's shoes, £6 per pair; women's do. £6. For weaving tow cloth, yard wide, 4 s .; do. cotton, 4 s. 6 d .; do. woollen, 6 s. per yard.
Carpenters, per day's work, 60 s .; masons, do. 60 s .; common laborers, 48 s. in summer.
Flip, W. I., per mug, 15 s .; do. N. E., 12 s .; toddy in proportion. Extra good dinner, {1; common do., 12 s. Best supper and breakfast, 15 s .; common do., 12 s. Horse Keeping 24 hours, at hay, 15 s .; grass, 10 S.
316
History of Framingham.
Aug. 13. The town voted to choose two men to represent the town in the Convention to be holden at Cambridge, to frame a new Constitution or System of Government ; and chose Capt. Benjamin Edwards and Josiah Stone Esq.
In Capt. Amasa Cranston's Marlboro' company, Col. Samuel Denny's regiment, in service at Claverack N. Y. three months, Oct. Nov. and Dec., were Sergt. Daniel Jones, Sergt. Azariah Walker, Elijah Allen, Philom Adams, David Belcher, Ezekiel Ellis, Joseph Graves, Samuel Haven, Jacob Jones, Joshua Kendall, Paul Pond, Thomas Turner, Samuel Walker and Charles Weach, credited to this town.
Jeffrey Hemenway was in Capt. Francis Wilson's company, 3 months' service in N. Y. from Oct. 21.
Jonathan Gleason and John Stacey of this town enlisted for the war, in December.
Gen. J. Nixon's brigade in which was Col. T. Nixon's regiment, had headquarters this year at Peekskill, Verplanck's Point, Constitution Island, and other stations on the North River.
A call was made on the towns for a supply of blankets to be sent to the army ; and this town furnished its full quota. But the General Court allowed only a part of the sum which was actually paid by our committee for the same; and the town " voted to grant the selectmen and committee £293 to repay them the money they advanced in purchasing the blankets more than the Court allowed them."
It appears that the sum borrowed by the town treasurer, to pay bounties, and for the support of the families of soldiers now in the army, this year, amounted to (in depreciated currency) £8500, which sum was ordered to be assessed upon the inhabitants.
1780. - The term of enlistment of a part of our First Three Years' Men expired at the close of the last year. Jan. I, James Byrns and James Hemenway re-enlisted for the Second Three Years. Feb. 8, Isaac How, Benj. Clark and William Welch re-enlisted, and Judah Moffitt enlisted, for Three Years. These six men are to be added to the eighteen already enlisted for the war, and the men whose terms had not expired, to show our quota now serving in the regular army.
The committee of correspondence this year, were, David Haven Esq., Capt. Benj. Pepper, Isaac Stone, Noah Eaton Jr., Matthias Bent Jr.
Mar. 13, "Voted, that the nine militia officers be a committee to hire men into the public service the present year."
The Convention which met Sept. 1, '79, to prepare a Constitution
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War of the Revolution.
or Frame of Government, completed its labors Mar. 2 ; and at a town meeting May 22, a committee of fifteen, viz., Dr. Ebenezer Hemenway, Dea. Wm. Brown, Josiah Stone Esq., Ebenezer Marshall, David Haven Esq., Capt. Lawson Buckminster, James Clayes Jr., Peter Parker, Daniel Sanger, Capt. Matthias Bent, Ens. Jesse Haven, Col. John Trowbridge, Capt. Daniel Stone, Lieut. Josiah Temple and Benj. Eaton, was appointed, to examine the new Constitution, and report to the town at the next meeting. And at a town meeting June 5, the first and second articles of the Bill of Rights were accepted, by a vote of 107 to 6. The third article was accepted by a vote of 113 to 18. The other articles, except the one on Representation, and the one as to Qualifications of Voters, were accepted.
May 4. An order was issued to the towns, requiring them to supply clothing for the army ; and June 19, the town "Voted, that the select- men draw money out of the town treasury to purchase the town's quota of clothing for the Continental Army now called for."
June 12, an order was issued, calling for men to serve for the term of six months. June 19, the town "voted that the committee to hire soldiers into the public service, be authorized to agree to pay them in money, or grain, or money enough to purchase the same when the time of their service is expired." "Voted that the town treasurer supply the committee with money to hire soldiers ; and if he has not got it by him, to borrow it where it can be had ; and also voted that the treasurer engage to make the money he borrows as good when it is paid as when he borrows it."
The town's quota, under the call of June 12, was twenty-four men. The men were assigned to the Fifteenth Division, under Capt. Hancock, and marched from Springfield July 14.
A Pay Roll of the men the town of Framingham raised and sent to the continental service for six months in the year 1780.
NAME.
AGE.
DATE OF DISCHARGE.
Jacob Belcher
19
Dec. 15.
John Brown
I7
Dec. 16.
Jonathan Dadmun
20
Dec. 5.
David Drury
18
Jan. 14, '81.
Jotham Eames
24
Jan. 14, '81.
Moses Edgell
18
Dec. 22.
Ed. Trowbridge Gates
19
Jan. 14, '81.
George Gates
25
Jan. 14, '81.
Joseph Graves
19
Dec. 26.
William Greenwood
18
Dec. 4.
J. Grant Haven
22
Dec. 14.
318
History of Framingham. ·
NAME.
ÅGE.
DATE OF DISCHARGE.
Isaac Hemenway
I7
Dec. 3.
Richard Hemenway
18
Dec. 18.
Thaddeus Hemenway
19
Jan. 4, '81.
Nathan Kendall
19
Dec. 18.
Moses Learned
25
Sept. 17.
Thomas Nixon Jr.
18
Dec. 22.
Jacob Parmenter
18
Dec. 22.
David Patterson
21
Dec. 15.
John Pike
18
Dec. 5.
Peter Rice Jr.
19
died Sept. 15.
Samuel Walker
20
Oct. 26.
Abijah Winch
I9
Dec. 15.
Thomas Winch Jr.
18
Jan. 14, '81.
Cyrus Woolson
18
Jan. 14, '81.
June 22. An order was issued for New Levies from Middlesex county, to re-inforce the continental army in R. I. for three months from June 30. The following Framingham men joined Capt. Walter McFarland's company in Col. Cyprian How's regiment : Lieut. John Mayhew, Sergt. John Hemenway, Corp. Noah Eaton, Daniel Eaton, Alexander Eames, Josiah Hemenway, Daniel Jones, Daniel Kendall, Lawson Nurse, John Pratt, Caleb Stacey, Timothy Stearns, Daniel Stone, Josiah Stone, Amos Underwood.
July 3. At a town meeting, "Voted that the sum of 100,000 pounds be assessed on this town, to enable the town treasurer to pay such debts as the town has contracted in hiring men into the public service." [This is in depreciated currency.] "Voted that any person who shall lend money to the town treasurer in his present distress, shall receive his note or receipt for so much money, agreeable to a contract made with the continental soldiers last raised, which note the collectors are hereby directed to receive for said tax."
June 23. Under an order of Court requiring the towns to purchase horses for the use of the State, the selectmen procured the town's quota ; and Sept. 4, the town "voted, that the whole charge for pur- chasing horses for the use of the State be allowed to the selectmen, and that they draw it out of the town treasury, it being the sum of £4090. 9."
On the "Rhode Island Alarm" of July 22, Col. Abner Perry's regiment was ordered out, and marched July 27. The officers of the regiment were, Col. Abner Perry, Lieut. Col. John Trowbridge, Maj. Hezekiah Broad, Maj. John Gleason, Adj. James Mellen, Qr. Master Frederick Manson, Sergt. Maj. Thomas Buckminster. The three
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War of the Revolution.
Framingham Militia companies turned out, in all 133 men, and were in service 14 days.
Oct. 2. The town granted to the committee the amount of their expenses in raising soldiers the summer past, viz. £775. 16.
Oct. 16. Capt. Joseph Eames, Lieut. Samuel Gleason Jr. and Lieut. Joseph Mixer were chosen a committee to purchase the Beef now called for to supply the army; and the town granted the sum of £17,000 to pay for the same, which sum was ordered to be put into the next town rate.
Nov. 27. Another order for Beef for the army was issued. The amount required of Framingham was 31 hundred weight. And Dec. 4, a further order required 21,431 pounds. And the town granted the sum of $35,000 to purchase the Beef now called for.
Dec. 2. A resolve was passed calling on the towns to furnish their several quotas of men to be enlisted for three years or during the war. The number required of Framingham under this call, was 21.
The town chose Eben' Eaton, Lieut. Joseph Mixer, Lieut. John Eames Ist, Joseph Bennet, Lieut. John Eames 2d, Matthias Bent Jr. Thomas Bent, Capt. Thomas Drury, David Patterson, Capt. Richard Fiske, Lieut. Cornelius Claflin, Capt. Benj. Edwards, Jona. Rugg, Corp. David Rice and Joseph Rice, together with the several militia officers, a committee " to hire the 21 men now called for. Voted, that said committee agree with the men as to price, as they think proper ; and granted the sum of £50,000 to enable the committee to hire the said 21 men." But our men were unwilling to enlist. The value of the pay offered was uncertain, as the currency was constantly depreci- ating. The committee was authorized to agree to pay the soldiers in money or cattle ; and to pay the advance wages before they should march. The following certificate will show the progress made, up to the time of its date : .
" We the subscribers having enlisted ourselves into the Continental Army for the term of Three Years, and do hereby acknowledge to have received of the Town of Framingham for that service, the sum of one hundred dollars hard money per year - We say, Received by us
April 16, 1781.
ABEL BENSON
JOHN FREEMAN
JAMES DOSE
SOLOMON NEWTON
EPHRAIM NEWTON
NATHANIEL PRATT JOHN PRATT EPHRAIM PRATT.
June 20. The town granted £360 silver money, to pay for men to fill our quota. July 16, a further grant of £360 silver money was
320
History of Framingham.
made for the same purpose. But only 10 men could be persuaded to enlist. The town was fined for neglect to fill her quota ; and Nov. 12, agreed with Capt. Jona. Maynard, who was at home on a furlough, to furnish the wanting men. He was to receive $150, per man, $100 in one year, and $50 at the end of two years.
The completed list of The Last Three Years Men is as follows :
NAME.
AGE.
DATE.
REMARKS.
John Pratt
2I
Jan. 27, 1781
Ephraim Pratt
18
James Dose
16
Feb. 12, 66
John Freeman
I7
66
66
James Manning
16
66
66
for the war.
Solomon Newton
30
66
66
Ephraim Newton
I7
Nathaniel Pratt
20
Charles Weach
18
Feb. 27, 66
colored
Abel Benson
16
Mar. 12,
66
Peter Davis
24
Dec. 22, "
John Burk
32
Dec. 28, "
Samuel Bailey
28
Feb. 2, 1882
David Drury
22
Feb. 2, 1882
re-enlistment.
Thomas Nixon, Jr.
20
Feb. 10, "
66
Peter Salem
April 16, "
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