USA > Massachusetts > Middlesex County > Framingham > History of Framingham, Massachusetts, early known as Danforth's Farms, 1640-1880; with a genealogical register > Part 37
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1800. - BRACKETT'S CORNER. - From the earliest settlement of the town, this was a busy place. For many years, Joshua Eaton's tannery, and Trowbridge's tavern made the corner by school house No. 7, a greater business centre. But Capt. Isaac Clark, carpenter, on the west, and Boutwell's tinshop on the east, naturally helped to draw business towards this corner; and David Patterson, blacksmith, and tavern-keeper, who came here in 1758, and built the Brackett house, contributed materially to its prosperity. Josiah Winch, the brick mason, commenced business here for himself in 1790. But the com- ing of Solomon Brackett in 1794, and Amos Parkhurst a year or two later, gave a new start to business enterprise. Mr. Brackett was a blacksmith, and took the old Patterson stand, which he carried on for a few years; and then with the aid of Amos Parkhurst, set up a bakery, which became famous, and flourished for a long term of years ; and after his death was carried on by his son and son-in-law. In 1845, the number of hands employed was 4 ; value of bread baked, $8,000.
To go back to the Centre Village. - The movement which estab- lished the Brick School House, and Academy, already detailed, was
35I
Third Meeting-House.
the beginning of a new era to Framingham Centre. The young men and young women who had had no occasion to go there except on the Sabbath, now gathered there every day in the week, and naturally began to take some interest in its surroundings and growth. And new names, and young blood from abroad, came in at this juncture. Dr. J. B. Kittredge, a well educated and ambitious young physician, located here in 1791. Eli Bullard the lawyer came here in 1793. Timothy Eames, the brick-mason, and John Houghton, blacksmith, set up business in 1794. Isaac Warren commenced the tanning business in 1797. Abner Wheeler, trader, was here in 1798, followed three years later by his brother Benjamin. Nathan Stone, carpenter, and Martin Stone, blacksmith, settled here in 1801 ; Asa Holt, the saddler, in 1802 ; William Larrabee, shoe maker, occupied the old Red Store in I803.
THE THIRD MEETING-HOUSE. - At a town meeting, May 6, 1805, " voted that the town will build a meeting-house at some future time. Voted, that Lieut. Abner Wheeler, Lieut. John Eames, John Park, James Wilson, Lieut. Josiah Clayes, James Morse, Lieut. Joshua Trow- bridge, Capt. Samuel Frost, and Capt. Josiah Stone be a committee to locate the ground where the said house shall be erected ; and Eli Bullard Esq. Col. David Brewer and Lieut. Abner Wheeler be a com- mittee to consider when the house shall be built, the size thereof, and whether the town or individuals shall build it, obtain plans, etc."
Sept. 2, 1805, on report of these committees, the town voted to place the new meeting-house near the Gun-house, i. e. just outside of Otis Boynton's northwest corner ; that the house be built by the town in 1807 ; at an estimated cost of $13,000. Nov. 18, 1805, it was voted to build of wood, rather than of brick. June 2, 1806, it was voted that the new meeting-house shall be 65 feet square, two stories high, with a tower, not a porch.
April 6, 1807, the town reconsidered the former vote as to location, and voted to purchase a piece of land of Martin and Nathan Stone and Simon Edgell, lying north of the Common, on which to set the meeting-house. The lot purchased of the Messrs Stone contained one acre two quarters and 28 rods. The amount of land then pur- chased of Simon Edgell, is not known. Subsequently, land for stable- ground was bought of Mr. E .; and the town sold a part of its Common lying east of the highway for stable-ground.
The contractors for building the new meeting-house were David Brooks, of Princeton, and Isaac Warren of Charlestown.
May 4, 1807, the town "voted, that the selectmen dispose of the privilege of selling liquor on the Common, during the time of raising
352
History of Framingham.
the new meeting-house." May 26, " Began to raise the meeting-house : June 1, finished raising it."
The house stood on the spot now occupied by the meeting-house of the First Parish. It had entrance doors from the base of the tower only. Both outside and inside were fully finished. A gallery ex- tended around the east, south, and west sides, with square pews next the walls, and long seats on the slope in front. On the ground floor, square pews, raised one step, were built around the walls ; and four ranges of slips, with centre and side aisles, filled the body of the house.
The cost of the house was $12,475.37. The bell, which cost $437.64, was the gift of Colonel Micah Stone. The pews and slips were sold without reserve to the highest bidder. The amount received from the sale was $14,884.
The meeting-house was dedicated Feb. 24, 1808; sermon by the pastor, Rev. David Kellogg, from Haggai ii, 7.
May 23, 1808, the town voted to build a Town House out of the materials of the old meeting-house. A spot was bought of Thomas Buckminister, of just the same dimensions as the house, on which to place the same. It stood on what is now the northwest corner of Otis Boynton's house-lot, the west line of the lot being the east line of the Common. When the new Town Hall was erected in 1834, the old Town House was sold to Hollis Hastings, who moved, and utilized it as a harness maker's shop at Hastings' Corner.
In April 1817, the town voted " that on Sabbath days, carriages and sleighs, in approaching the meeting-house, shall come from the west, and shall move off towards the east."
1823. Stoves for warming the meeting-house were set up. Hitherto, the men kept warm as best they could : the women were accustomed to carry foot stoves, filled with coals from the fireplace at home. The cost of the two stoves, pipe and chimney, and a blind for the large window behind the pulpit, was $266.41.
Crying the Bans. The custom prevailed till about 1830, of an- nouncing in the public meeting-house, just before the opening of the afternoon service, all intentions of marriage, entered with the town clerk, during the preceding week. The said clerk would rise in his pew, and read in a distinct voice : "Marriage intended - between John Smith of Boston, and Keturah Jones of this town." As a rule, the lady found it convenient to be absent from meeting, that afternoon.
MINUTE MEN, 1807. - In consequence of the attack by the British frigate Leopard on the American frigate Chesapeake, when Commo- dore Barron refused to have his ship searched by the British officers
353
Worcester Turnpike.
for deserters, and the President's proclamation of July 2, detachments from the several militia companies were called for, to hold themselves in readiness to march at the shortest notice. At a town meeting Nov. 16, 1807, it was voted, that each man enrolled as a Minute Man, receive $1. Ensign Josiah Fiske and 6 men were detached from Capt. John Wenzell's Co .; Sergt. James Clayes and 7 men were detached from Capt. Benj. Wheeler's Co., and Cornet Joseph Buck- minster and 6 men from Capt. John Hemenway's Co. of Horse.
THE WORCESTER TURNPIKE. - In the warrant for a town meeting May 6, 1805, is an article, " To see if the town will approve or dis- approve of a Turnpike road being made through any part of this town." No action was taken on the article. The movement, begun at this date, resulted in the incorporation, Mar. 7, 1806, [act in addition passed June 10, 1808] of the Worcester Turnpike Corporation, to make a road to run from Roxbury to Worcester, via the Neck of the Ponds in Natick, thence near the house of Jona. Rugg in Framingham, thence to the house of Dea. Chamberlain in Southboro', etc., with power to erect 4 toll-gates. The old stage road between Worcester and Boston was via Northboro', Marlboro', South Sudbury, Wayland, Weston, Waltham. The new road considerably shortened the distance between Worcester and Boston. The steep hills kept off the teaming of heavy merchandise, but a stage route was at once established ; and as Framingham was the central point, for changing horses, and making repairs, it gave a great impetus to local business. The through travel rapidly increased ; the stage lines were extended to Northampton, and Albany; and the promptness of the service made this the favorite route ; so that, for a long term of years not less than 17 stages passed through this town daily. The opening of the B. and W. rail-road in 1835, drew off the through travel, and as a consequence, the cor- poration gave up the turnpike in 1843, and by the action of the county commissioners, it became a county road. From 1810 to 1835, the stageman's horn was a signal, as common and well known, as the railroad engineer's whistle of to-day.
NEW MEN AND NEW MEASURES. - With the new meeting-house, and turnpike, came new professional men, and new mechanics and business enterprises, which gave a new impulse to life at the Centre. Josiah Adams Esq., who was to take an important part in social as well as civil affairs, came here in 1807; as. also did the Rev. Charles Train, who was to be not less potent in whatever contributes to the town's well-being. Wm Henderson, an energetic business man, took Gregory's store in 1806; removed to the Square, and put up a two-
23
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History of Framingham.
story building, for a store and Masonic Hall, in 1811. It stood where is now Wight's carriage barn. Asa Brigham, tailor, located here, on the old Kingsbury corner, in 1809. His shop is remembered as Esq. Kingsbury's office. Eustis and Simmons, carriage trimmers and harness makers, established business here, where is now Miss Moul- ton's Block, in 1810; John Ballard 2d came the next year, and event- ually bought out the business. Amasa Kendall, carpenter, was here in 1812. Josiah W. Goodnow, cabinet maker, built a shop just west of Eustis and Simmons, in 1812, and the house, (known as the Good- now house) in 1814. Capt. Peter Johnson, builder, Isaac Stevens, tailor, Peter Coolidge, blacksmith, came to the village in 1813. Dexter Esty, builder, and Jesse Belknap Jr., wheelwright, came in 1814; Nathan H. Foster, gunsmith, and John Kent, carriage maker, in 1815. Foster's shop stood on the site of Lewis Stiles' market; and Kent built an addition to J. Ballard's harness shop. Jesse Whitney, shoe maker, Wm K. Phipps, tailor, and Thomas Rice Jr., carpenter, settled here in 1816. Mr. Phipps' shop occupied the site of G. Joyce's house; and Mr. Rice built on John C. Hasting's corner. Mr. R. afterwards bought the Red Store, moved it up street, went into the grocery trade, and the same building is now the dwelling house Mrs. Eliza Haven.
Samuel Warren, who learned the cabinet maker's trade of Stephen Rice, bought Goodnow's shop and started business in 1818. Dexter Hemenway, house carpenter, bought the old Gregory store by War- ren's bridge, and began business for himself in 1820. Hollis Cloyes and Geo. W. Mansir, house painters, began business the same year, and were joined by Obed Winter, three years later. Otis Boynton, book binder, came to town in 1822; Mitchell and Hunt, hatters, in 1823. The hatter's shop is now Otis Childs' dwelling house.
Dr. Simon Whitney began his long and successful professional career in 1822.
WAR OF 1812. - The causes which led to this war with Great Britain, and the course of events, as well as the results, are too well known to need recital in these annals. The Framingham Artillery Company was ordered out, and was in service 51 days.
Pay Roll of Capt. John Temple's Company of Artillery, in Col. Wm Edward's Regiment, in service from Sept. 10, to Oct. 30, 1814.
NAME. WAGES PER MO.
TOTAL AMT. INCL. ALLOW.
Capt. John Temple
$50,
$90.05
Lieut. James Brown
33.33
62.25
" Adam Hemenway
33.33
62.25
Sergt. Leonard Arnold
II.
25.01
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Artillery Company 1814.
NAME.
WAGES PER MO.
TOTAL AMT. INCL. ALLOW.
Sergt. Elisha Frost Jr.
II.
25.01
66 Abel Eaton IJ.
25.01
66 Thomas Hastings II.
25.01
Corp. Amasa Kendall IO.
22.92
Thomas Arnold
IO.
22.92
66 Richard Fiske Jr.
IO.
22.92
Alex' H. Jones
IO.
22.92
Fifer Horace Frost
9.
10.63
Drumr William Belcher
9.
10.63
Driver Amos Stearns
8.
17.61
Joseph Belcher
8.
19.59
Benjamin Belcher
8.
19.59
Curtis Belcher
8.
19.59
Michael Bacon
8.
19.59
Seth Clapp
8.
19.59
William Dadmun
8.
19.59
James Dalrymple
8.
19.59
Charles Fiske
8.
19.59
Amariah Forrester
8.
17.36
David Frost
8.
19.59
Joseph Gay
8.
19.59
Elisha Goodnow
8.
19.59
Jonas Goodnow
8.
19.59
Asahel Haven
8.
15.67
Elias Hemenway
8.
19.59
Josiah Jaquith
8.
19.59
Amos Johnson Jr.
8.
19.59
Patten Johnson
8.
19.59
Adams Littlefield
8.
19.59
Robert Mc Farland
8.
19.59
Walter Mc Farland
8.
19.59
Newell Nurse 8.
19.59
Artemas Parker
8.
19.59
Stephen Rice
8.
19.59
John Twitchell
8.
19.59
Samuel Warren
8.
19.59
.
This company was stationed at Charles street, Boston ; at South Boston ; and at Commercial Point in Dorchester.
The men drafted or enlisted from the Militia Companies were : Jona. Edmunds, Joseph Haynes, Abijah Hemenway Jr., David Kel- logg Jr., Phinehas Newton, who were out 96 days ; Moses Copeland, Joseph Graves, Asaph Houghton, Luther Newton, Sylvanus Russell,
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History of Framingham.
who were out 74 days. David Bigelow, Joseph Sanger, Buckley Stone, Nathan Tombs, were in the service, but for how long is unknown. Eliphalet Wheeler was paymaster at the Forts in Boston harbor, 14 days; Isaac Stevens was also in the service; Hartshorn Chickering enlisted as a substitute, and was stationed at Fort Warren 3 months ; Francis Coolidge enlisted as a substitute (from Sharon), and was 3 months at Fort Warren ; Lawson Kingsbury Esq. enlisted, was appointed first Lieut. in the 21st regiment of Infantry, U. S. Army, July 6, 1812 ; engaged mostly on recruiting service ; honorably discharged April 1, 1813.
COTTON FACTORY AT SAXONVILLE. - The starting of a Cotton Fac- tory, by Samuel Valentine, Aaron Eames, Elias Grout, Fisher Metcalf, and others, at the Falls in Hopkinton river, at what is now Ashland Centre, in the spring of 1811 [see ante, p. 12] was simultaneous with the movement for starting a like Factory at Saxonville. In ISII, Hopestill Leland of Sherborn bought the Dea. Brown privilege on Cochituate brook, of Ebenezer Brown, and erected a Cotton Mill. Feb. 6, 1813, Calvin Sanger, Aaron Leland, Joseph Sanger, Leonard Dearth, Benj. Wheeler, Luther Belknap, Hopestill Leland Jr., Comfort Walker, Moses Adams, Lewis Wheeler, Micah Adams, Joseph. L. Richardson, Phillips Clark and Elias Whiting were incorporated as The Framingham Manufacturing Company, for the purpose of manu- facturing wool and cotton, with power to hold real estate to the value of $30,000, and personal estate to the value of $50,000. The next year, Mr. Leland sold 6 acres, with corn and grist mills, to this Com- pany, and 32 acres to Calvin Sanger, - all in the interest of the new enterprise. Mr. Walker located here, and the Company started with energy, and soon gathered a considerable number of families, having children old enough to work in the Mill, opened a store, in charge of Samuel Murdock, employed a blacksmith, Joseph Pritchard, and did a large, though not profitable, business for a number of years. The property eventually passed into new hands represented by I. McLellan of Boston. The factory building was burned in 1834. For further particulars of this site and the one next below on the same stream, see ante pp. 16, 17.
THE GREAT BLOW. - This remarkable gale, of Sept. 23, 1815, struck the coast at Providence R. I., and traversed the country as far as New Hampshire. The centre of its track through this town was a mile east of the house of J. H. Temple, where the thick forest of huge white pines, then 2 to 3 feet in diameter was prostrated, some of them being broken off, but most of them were turned over roots and
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Saxon Factory.
all. Trees of various kinds were twisted off, or uprooted, for a dis- tance of a mile on each side of the central path. An idea of the force of the wind may be formed from the fact that the Isaac Fiske house, 36 x 20, which stood just west of Bullard's bridge, was lifted off the underpinning on the exposed side about six inches. Mrs. Fiske and some of the children had taken refuge in the cellar; but made a hasty exit, on receiving this warning. The barn on the Amasa Kendall place was blown down, as was Isaac Clark's barn, south of J. W. Walkup's.
FIRE ENGINE. - In 1818, a Fire Engine was purchased by subscrip- tion ; and the town appropriated $70 to build an engine house. It was placed directly back of Symmes' harness shop.
Fire wardens were first chosen in 1819. In 1823, a set of fire- hooks, a harness for the engine, 24 buckets, and poles for the wardens were purchased, at an expense of $100.
THE SAXON FACTORY. - Apr. 5, 1822, the following persons, viz. Jere. Gore, John S. Harris, Stephen Gore Jr., Ephraim Jones, all of Boston, and Abner, Benj. and Eliphalet Wheeler of Framingham, bought of Charles Fiske, Isaac Dench, Josiah Stone, Abel Eaton, Abner Stone, and others, the land on both sides the river, together with the water privilege and buildings, dwelling houses, etc. at the Falls in Saxonville; and the next year built the first woolen Mill. Feb. 4, 1824, the parties above named, were incorporated, under the name of the Saxon Factory Company, for the purpose of manufac- turing wool in the town of Framingham, with power to hold real estate, not exceeding the value of $100,000, and capital stock to the amount of $200,000. May 8, 1824, Jere. Gore and his associates sold the entire estate and water rights, for $20,000, to the Saxon Factory. The canal had been dug, and a mill erected in 1823.
Feb. 8, 1825, the Saxon Factory and the Leicester Factory were, by act of the Legislature "made one corporation, for the purpose of manu- facturing wool, cotton and machinery in Leicester and Framingham."
June 11, 1829, Joseph Head, Henry Gardner, Edward Miller, H. H. Jones and others were incorporated as the Saxon Cotton and Woolen Factory, for the purpose of manufacturing cotton and wool in the town of Framingham.
Feb. 16, 1832, the name of the company was changed to that of the Saxon Factory. The statistics of this company April 1, 1837 were : woolen mills, 5; sets of machinery, 11; wool consumed, 744,000 lbs .; cloth manufactured, 268,640 yards; value, $311,800; males employed, 105; females, 141 ; capital invested, $415,000.
.
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History of Framingham.
In 1837, The N. E. Worsted Co. purchased the entire property of the Saxon Co., and removed their worsted machinery from Lowell to Framingham. The main business since then has been the manufac- ture of worsted carpet-yarns, and woolen blankets. In 1858, this entire property was bought by M. H. Simpson and Nathaniel Francis, and the name changed to the Saxonville Mills. No change was made in the kind of goods manufactured. During the late civil war, the com- pany filled large orders for blue Kersey army cloth. The statistics for 1865 were : No. of mills, 4; sets of machinery, 25; lbs. of scoured wool consumed, 2,000,000; gross value of stock used, $800,000; yds. of blanketing manufactured, 1,500,000 ; value, $900,000; lbs. of yarn manufactured and not made into cloth, 600,000; value, $300,000 ; yds. of army cloth made, 150,000; value, $200,000; males employed, 393 ; females, 390.
CARPET FACTORY. - The history of this enterprise, introduced by W'm H. Knight in 1830, and prosecuted with remarkable energy and success, has been given in a preceding chapter. [See ante, pp. 16, 17.].
PAPER MILLS. - In 1817, Dexter and David Bigelow erected a mill on the Hopkinton river, for the manufacture of writing-paper ; and in 1828, Calvin Shepard and Son purchased the site of the Dench Mills, on the same stream, and put in paper-making machinery. These privileges are now in Ashland. In 1837 the stock manufactured was 278 tons; value of paper, $46,000; males employed, 12; females, II ; capital invested $50,000.
INFANTRY COMPANY. - The Framingham Light Infantry Company was formed in 1819. It was very popular for many years ; and main- tained its existence, with varying fortunes and success, till about 1840. It was then reorganized, and flourished for a short time. The several captains were : James Hamilton, Eliphalet Wheeler, Warren Nixon, Wm K. Phipps, R. P. Angier, William Fiske, Calvin Shepard Jr., W. E. Faulkner. Of the new company ; Simon Whitney, Chas R. Train, H. B. C. Griswold, N. M. Hudson, (elected but declined) Curtis H. Barber.
BOOK-BINDERY. - Otis Boynton established a book-bindery here in the spring of 1822. In 1833 John J. Marshall joined the concern, and a Book and Stationery store was opened. The business was carried on till February 1864.
HATTERS. - Daniel Bridge, felt maker and hatter, built a shop in the Centre in 1781, and remained here a few years. In 1823, Silas
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Industries.
Hunt and Ira Mitchell established a hat manufactory, where is now Otis Childs' dwelling house. In 1845, 4 hands were employed, and the net income of the business was $2,500. The business was given up in 1852, Mr. Mitchell and Mr. Jones removing to Milford.
FORMATION OF A PARISH. - Up to 1826, all general ecclesiastical matters were managed by the town in its corporate capacity. In April of this year, a parish was organized, according to law.
RESERVOIR. - In 1827, a committee was appointed to examine the spring, on land of the heirs of Thomas Buckminster, near the garden of Levi Eaton, for the purpose of a reservoir. They report: "that the town cannot now procure a title to the land in question; also that if the centre district is desirous of having a Reservoir, it ought not to be made at the expense of the town, but of said district."
SAXONVILLE POST OFFICE. - This office was established Mar. 5, 1828, Francis A. Bertody, Post Master. He was succeeded by Charles Fiske Jan. 4, 1830; Henry F. A. Richardson Feb. 28, 1854; Samuel P. Griffin June 22, 1855 ; Samuel S. Danforth Aug. 15, 1859; John R. Clark Aug. 15, 1861; Luther F. Fuller May 30, 1865.
INDUSTRIES. - Many of the mechanics, and mechanical trades that flourished during the period under consideration, have already been enumerated. Other leading industries are here given. Tanners. Jona. Hill sold his tannery, north of Saxonville, to John Stone of E. Sudbury, who sold Mar. 17, 1788 to Elijah Clayes, who carried on the business till Mar. 27, 1790, when he sold to Micah Fiske, by whom and his son Charles, it was conducted for half a century.
Isaac Warren bought the John Fiske tannery of Eli Bullard in 1797, and carried on the business till his death.
In 1780, Thomas and Ezekiel Williams of Roxbury, tanners and curriers, bought the Mixer tannery, on Roaring brook, near South- borough line, where is now the brick-yard, which they sold in 1790 to Benj. Eaton Jr., who continued the business, and died there.
There was a tannery north of the Albert G. Gibbs house, known as the Dench tannery, but by whom started is uncertain. In 1809, Joseph Bennett sold it to his son Nathaniel S., who sold Apr. 21, 1817 to Lewis Keyes and Francis Dana, who sold Dec. 8, 1818 to Aaron and Henry H. Hyde, who carried on the business for many years. These tanneries were operated on the cold process, requiring at least 6 months to properly cure the hides. The introduction, elsewhere, of the hot liquor process, and modern machinery, broke up the business in this town.
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History of Framingham.
Carpenters. Besides those before enumerated, were Capt. Adam Hemenway and Sons, Windsor Moulton and Sons, James Morse, Joseph Hemenway, Josiah Bigelow, Adam Hemenway 2d and brothers.
Blacksmiths. John Boden, or Bowden, had a shop near the Moses Learned place ; Lovell Eames, by the old oak, west of Waverly Block ; Alexander Clark, near the Shepard paper mill; his sons Alexander and Newell afterwards established the business at South Framingham; Jona. Rugg Jr. at the Solomon Gates place; Nathan Rand, near Geo. H. Thompson's ; Solon Fay, under John Ballard's harness shop; John Woolson, near Reginald Foster's; David Dougherty, near the Chapel at Nobscot; Joel Rice, at Hastingsville; Joseph Pritchard at the Cotton Factory; Joseph Angier, first at John Woolson's, and later at the John Hamilton place east of Saxonville; Timothy Haven, near F. H. Sprague's.
Shoe-makers. Loring Manson did custom work at his shop east of the Poor Farm; Jona. Goodnow, at Edward Goodnow's; John and Martin Mayhew, at F. C. Browne's; Abel Greenwood Jr., near the Parkhurst place; Calvin Twitchell, near the Train place; Reuben Torrey, at Chas. J. Power's; Ezra Hemenway, at the Calvin Hemen- way place; Micah Bent, near the Capt. Bradbury place below Saxonville.
Wheelwrights. Luther Horne at Samuel Hill's; David Eames, at his own place; Thomas Hastings, at O. F. Hastings'; Osgood Bradley, at the Centre.
Reed maker.
Joseph Thurston, toll-gate keeper, west of J. H. Temple's.
Maker of mill-stones. Col. Jonas Clayes.
John Wenzell Jr. was largely engaged in the manufacture of Shoe- pegs, for ten years after 1827. He employed 4 hands, and sold his pegs at Lynn and elsewhere.
TAVERNS. - Besides the two Buckminster taverns near the Centre, Tucker's tavern at the north end of Long pond, Sanger's at the South village and Dean's at Park's Corner, (already spoken of ), a tavern was kept at the Phinehas Rice place (the Nat. Hardy place) by Wm and John Hunt. Gen. Joseph P. Palmer took the stand in 1789, and his wife kept it till 1797.
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