History of Plymouth county, Massachusetts, with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Part 88

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton)
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: Philadelphia, J.W. Lewis & co.
Number of Pages: 1706

USA > Massachusetts > Plymouth County > History of Plymouth county, Massachusetts, with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 88

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412

HISTORY OF PLYMOUTH COUNTY.

of twelve men at Mr. Joseph Barstow's, near what is now called Hanover " Four Corners."

To garrison these forts called inany men to arms. Scituate sent twenty men into the fight at the Narra- gansett fort, Dec. 19, 1675. At the stormning of this fort Sergt. Theophilus Withcrell was wounded and crippled for life. Joseph Turner, John Vinal, and William Perry also suffered in the same fight, their wounds not proving quite so severc.

But a heavy calamity was impending. The Nar- ragansetts began ravaging Rhode Island in the spring of 1676, and Capt. Michacl Peirce, with a company of fifty white men and twenty friendly Indians, was ordered to march against them. Eighteen of the fifty were from Scituate.

On the 25th of March, with a few of his men, he had an encounter with the enemy, in which he thought they suffered some, while no damage was done to his force. The next day he marched out with his whole company, and probably one or two Rehoboth men as guides, to find and attack the enemy. Coming to the river he discovered the enemy, and crossed to attack, when he found himself in the presence of Canonchet, who had massed there the whole fighting force of his still powerful tribe. With such an overwhelming force in front and the river in his rcar the situation was desperate indeed. The Indians also crossed over a large party to cut off all possible retreat across the river. Nothing was left for this brave band but to sell their lives as dearly as possible. Forming his company so as to meet the attack both in front and rear, they fought till nearly every man had fallen. A few of the friendly Indians escaped and one white man, Thomas Mann, of Scituate, who was sorely wounded. The former escaped only because of their being better able to conceal their identity.

The fidelity, bravery, and cool ingenuity shown by thesc friendly Indians was wonderful, and should be noted to redeem their race from the popular and too easily received opinion that the Indian is incapable of elevation, and is necessarily cruel, ignoble, and to be treated like a wild beast of prey. Of the Scituates slain, the following fifteen names are known: Capt. Michael Peircc, Samuel Russell, Benjamin Chitten- den, John Lothrop, Gershom Dodson, Samuel Pratt, Thomas Savary, Joseph Wade, William Wilcom, Jeremiah Barstow, John Ensign, Joseph Cowen, Jo- scph Perry, John Perry, John Rose. Thomas Mann escaped, wounded, thus leaving two of the eighteen unaccounted for. They were no doubt killed, making the loss of Scituate seventeen.

The others killed in this battle were from the fol- lowing towns: Marshfield, nine; Duxbury, four ;

Sandwich, five; Barnstable, six ; Yarmouth, five; and Eastham, four.

This was a severe blow to the colony, and especially to Scituate. More than half the slain were heads of familics. We can have no conception of the terror and suffering of those times. Their fathers killed, rumors of marauding bands of savages approaching, the cunning and mystery of their movements, the nameless horrors of Indian warfare, all tended to in- tensify their unintermitting anxiety and alarm. Every movement from place to place, from neighbor to neigh- bor, was fraught with danger, as any tree or shrub might hide a lurking foe. These were not vain fears. On the 21st of April the first attack was made upon the town, but the vigilant and courageous people re- pulsed and drove them off for that time. So far as known, William Blackmore was the only man killed in this raid.

On the 20th of May they made a more comprehen- sive attack upon the town. A strong force, passing through Hingham, killing John Jacob and burning several houses, came into Scituate by the " Indian path," committing their first depredations at what is now the Hanover line, on the Third Herring Brook, there burning the " Cornet's mill." Passing rapidly on, they burned the house of Joseph Sylvester, situ- ated northerly from Church Hill and a mile north of the Barstow house garrison. This garrison they did not care to delay themselves with. If their attack had a plan, it was apparently to burn all the houses on their way down, to attack the garrisons below, and, having wiped them out of existence, they could easily dispose of the twelve men at Barstow's on their re- turn. That their force was strong and had no fears of this little garrison is shown by the boldness of their subsequent movements. They pressed rapidly forward down the river and towards the stronger fortresses below, " burning as they went." The help- less condition of the little garrison behind them can be easily seen, with all the settlement between them and the principal part of the town, in ashes. On their way from the Third Herring Brook to the Stock- bridge fortress and about there as many as thirteen dwelling-houses were burned and quite as many barns. From the location of their houses it is probable that those of Nicholas Albeson (the Swede), William Par- ker, Edward Wright, Thomas Woodworth, Willian Wills, Daniel Standlake, Abraham Sutliffe, John Buck, James Torrey, Widow Torrcy, Henry Ewell, John Northey, John Curtis, John Bompasse, Widow Blackmore, George and Samuel Russell, and Thomas King, Jr., were burned.

But these were not all. The house of John James,

413

HISTORY OF SCITUATE AND SOUTH SCITUATE.

near the block-house, was probably burned, though he may have successfully defended it, as he was wounded, and died of his wounds a few days after. It is note- worthy that his farm, located on the river at a place of romantic beauty and historic interest, should, through his only son, have descended and still re- mained in the family. Deacon Elisha James, of fra- grant memory, died a few years since, and was the last of the name to inherit, but his daughter, the wife of Judge Parmenter, of Boston, still owns the old place, consecrated by the blood shed of her first an- cestor in its defense.

In this burning and ravaging of the town it does not appear that any of the women and children per- ished. Such was the vigilance of the inhabitants that probably all succeeded in taking refuge in the fortified places. The men in these places, with their wives and little ones to defend, might well prove them- selves to be heroes, as they did. The block-house was attacked, but successfully defended. Its position seemed to have been a strong one.

Having by this attack admonished this garrison to stay where it was, the crafty foe swept on his deso- lating way towards the more strongly garrisoned, but less favorably located fortress below. If they could carry this, the whole town could be destroyed. As the garrison in the block-house marked their progress by the successive columns of smoke that'rose above the trees from their burning houses, it must have been a torturing question as to what their duty was. Should they abandon their families under slight guard in the block-house, and march after them to the help of their brethren below, with the chances against their making successful attack, or remain where they were ? The situation was a desperate one, and the imagination may attempt to paint, but can little realize the anxious consultations in that little fort. That they sent a message up the river to Cor- net Stetson, then sixty-four years of age, or that he got intelligence from above, is probable. At any rate, this veteran, a tower of strength to the town, descended the river with some men, augmenting their number here no doubt, and took a part in the fight about the Stockbridge mills before it closed, and the savages were driven off. The preservation of these mills was of much consequence to the town. There- fore the mansion was stockaded on three sides, the pond being considered a sufficient natural defense on that side. Here one of the hardest battles of the war was fought. The Indians fought bravely and suffered heavily. For several hours they made des- perate efforts to fire the mills and capture the house. Lieut. Isaac Buck was apparently in command at this

place, and gathered in all the available force below, and later in the day, being reinforced by Cornet Stet- son from above, near nightfall the enemy was de- feated and driven off.

Courage and skill won the day against greatly su- perior numbers, and saved not only Scituate, but per- haps the whole colony south from further extended ravages. And yet that same week Governor Wins- low could complain of " the inactivity of the inhabi- tants of Scituate about this time." Strange ignorance of facts, or stranger injustice in view of them ! At the same time he praises forty men from the three towns of Plymouth, Duxbury, and Marshfield, who ventured as far as Bridgewater, and saw but did not fight a small straggling party of the enemy. What was Scituate doing at the same point of time, with a large part of the town in flames, and the main part of the enemy attacking its hard-pressed garrisons ? At that very time Capt. Williams, with thirty Scituate men, was ranging the woods beyond Plymouth towards Middleboro', while thosc other three towns combined only sent forty men into the woods. Amazing injustice, to censure the "inactivity" of this heroic town. It was in fact bearing nearly the whole brunt of that cruel war.

Among the incidents attending the attack of the mill was one illustrating the narrow escapes and great courage of the women of the period. The house of Henry Ewell was situated about sixty rods from the fortress. Mrs. Ewell, who was a daughter of Anthony Annable, was at home alone with an infant grand- child, John Northy. The first intimation she had of any danger was secing the savages rushing down the hill to the house. With the first impulse for safety or to alarm the garrison she fled there, forget- ting the babe. After the battle was joined, and while it was occupying all parties, by some path known better to her than to the foe, she made her way back to the house determined to learn the fate of the sleeping babe. She found it slumbering as she had left it, and carried it safely away. To this woman's wary courage many of the excellent family of Northy owe their existence. The injustice of the Governor's strictures, and that he realized it, is indicated in the fact that the men of Scituate were called to take the lead in offensive operations against the savages.

As before alluded to, James Cudworth, long slighted and excluded from a rightful share in the government, was now appealed to by the Colony Court to take com- mand of their forces with the rank of general. As Deane says, " The long persecuted Cudworth, with a magnanimity rarely equaled, though waxing old, ac- cepted the chief command of the colony forces, and

414

HISTORY OF PLYMOUTH COUNTY.

continued in that command until Philip was sub- dued."

Lieut. Isaac Buck and Cornet John Buck were in constant service with their men till the close of the war. Cornet Stetson was seldom out of the saddle, making excursions with the troops, encouraging the home-guard, and attending the council of war. His services were invaluable.

Capt. John Williams, with a Scituate company, held an important command in the force which sur- rounded and killed King Philip at Mount Hope, thus virtually closing hostilities. Surely, it may be claimed for Seituate that she did and suffered more for the salvation of the colony than any, than perhaps all, of the other towns therein. As a native of that ancient town, as a descendant of those heroic Indian fighters, the compiler of these pages can do no less than claim for them the credit due to them for their great services in this dark and perilous period of colonial history.

The progress and prosperity of the town had re- ceived a hard blow by the Indian war, so much of its property had been destroyed and so many of its most enterprising citizens slain. Still it continued increasing in population and manifesting much enter- prise. In the wars intervening between this and the Revolutionary war, it did not suffer largely. To the expedition under Col. Church, in 1689, Scituate fur- nished six men and two officers. A year later, in the expedition against Canada, under Sir Wm. Phipps, six- teen men and three officers,-Capt. Joseph Sylvester, Lieut. Isaac Chittenden, and Ensign John Stetson,- went forth from Scituate, many of the nineteen never to return. It is certain that John Stetson, Nathaniel Parker, Matthew Stetson, Moses Simons, Lazarus Turner, Samuel Bryant, Samuel Dwelley, and Robert Sproat perished in the expedition. A few years later, it is stated that the Scituate militia company con- tained about two hundred men.

In the French war the town must have done its full duty in the way of furnishing men. Mr. Deane gives the following list, saying, " It must be far from a complete one :"

Capt. John Clap.

Edmund Bowker.

Capt. Benjamin Briggs.

Reuben Bates.

Lieut. Elisha Turner.

David Dunbar.

Bonjamin Bowker. John Foster.

Benjamin Palmer. Elisha Burroll.

Consider Cole.

Colburn Burrell.

Stephen Lapham.

Samuel Brooks.

Elisha Palmer.

Nohemiah Palmer.

Samuel Ramsdell.

Polog Turnor.

Benjamin Lapham.

Henry Lambert.

John Caswell.

Simeon Nash.

Edward Corlew.

Reuben Damon.

David Marvol.

Zachariah Lambert.

Zacchcus Nash.

Daniel Lambert.

Thomas Peircc.

John Corlew.

Gideon Rose.

Thomas Corlew.

Luther Wadc.

Edward Corlew, Jr.

James Briggs.

William Corlew.

Samuel Randall.

Elisha Litchfield.

Isaac Torrey.

Wiborn Holloway.

Stanton James.

Benjamin Collamore,

Nehemiah Randall. Dr. Ephraim Otis.

Lieut. Viney Turner.

Joseph Bowker.

Lieut. Job Tyrrel.

Luke Lambert.

William Hayden.

James Woodworth.

Ezekiel Hayden.

Oliver Winslow.

William Perry.

Nehemiah Sylvester.

James Orian.

Seth Sylvester.

Thomas Peirce.

Richard Silvester.

Thomas Vicars.

Elisha Stoddard.

Michael Vicars.

Nathaniel Ellmes.

Joseph Randall.

Josiah Litchfield.

Ezekiel Sprague.

John Gross.

Dr. James Otis.

Edmund Gross.

Eighty men.

Isaac Lapham.

The French war was a good training-school for the war of the Revolution, which was approaching. Canada had been added to the British possessions by the prowess of the British colonies, and those colonies began to feel that their services demanded recognition and reward to the extent, at least, of a decent regard for their rights. Scituate was early aroused to pa- triotic action.

In March, 1774, in town-meeting, a committee was appointed to draft and present resolutions "touch- ing the difficulties of the times." May 23, 1774, a report was made recommending the creation of a per- manent committee with larger powers. This recom- mendation was adopted by the town, and a committee, including most of the previous one, was appointed. They were John Cushing, Jr., Nathan Cushing, Charles Turner, Israel Vinal, Nathaniel Waterman, James Otis, William Turner, Joseph Tolman, Joseph Stetson, Increase Clapp, Gideon Vinal, Eli Curtis, Samuel Clapp, Abiel Turner, Barnabas Little, John Palincr, Galen Clap, Anthony Waterman, Noah Otis, Barnabas Barker, George Martin, Ignatius Otis, Thomas Mann, Samuel Jenkins, Paul Bailey, Calvin Perrin, Amasa Bailey, Joseph Bailey, Constant Clap, John Jacob, and James Briggs. A committee of correspondence was also chosen, consisting of John Cushing, Jr., Nathan Cushing, Joseph Tolman, Barnabas Little, Israel Vinal, Jr., Galen Clapp, Abiel Turner, Noah Otis, Nathaniel Waterman, Joseph Bailey, and Eli Curtis. This was Oct. 9, 1774. In

William Gould.

James Tower.

William Westcott.

Sergt. Barnabas Barker. William Carlislo. James Cushing. Samuel Bowker.

George Stotson. Jedediah Dwelloy.

415

HISTORY OF SCITUATE AND SOUTH SCITUATE.

January, 1775, this committee interviewed two Tories, Charles Curtis and Frederick Henderson, who plainly declared their intention not to adhere to the Conti- Dental Congress. These two men were probably the only declared royalists in Scituate. Many others were suspected. but most of the twenty-five suspected re- lieved themselves of this suspicion, and June 19, 1777. there remained for trial Elijah Curtis, Job Otis. James Curtis, Benjamin Jacobs, Elisha Turner, John Stetson. Joseph Jacob, and Joseph Heyden. But none of these were active enough to make their influence unfavorably felt upon the patriot cause. Serere measures were taken in those days against the enemies of freedom, but the patriots were engaged in a desperate struggle with one of the mightiest nations on earth, and they rightly reasoned that to harbor traitors in their midst might paralyze all their efforts.

But. as always in times of strong excitement, great injustice was in danger of resulting. Some were sus- pected simply because they belonged to the Church of England, and this placed Dr. Benjamin Stock- bridge and Dr. Charles Stockbridge under suspicion. Added to this, Dr. Benjamin Stockbridge, in passing through Boston, was detained awhile by Gen. Gage, and his son, Dr. Charles Stockbridge, having been found walking on the beach, as if in waiting for some one. in consequence the town authorities sent Dr. Benjamin to Plymouth under guard, and Dr. Charles and some of his associates to the headquarters of the American army at Cambridge. Both were soon re- leased, however, the suspicions proving groundless. William Cushing, the patriot judge, did not escape suspicion. Most men bearing the king's commission were Tories, but Judge Cushing adhered to the pa- triot cause, and after the war attained by successive promotions to the appointment, by Washington of chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. His fellow-townsmen soon became satisfied of his patriotism, and June 4, 1776, just one month before the declaration of independence, they " chose a committee to draft instructions for our Representa- tives in General Court, viz .: William Cushing, Esq., Major William Turner, Capt. Joseph Tolman, Capt. Israel Vinal, Jr., and Mr. Anthony Waterman." The instructions were drawn at once by William Cushing, and reported at the same meeting and adopted.

As they yield no uncertain sound, and show clearly the unflinching attitude and pure patriotism of the people of Scituate in that critical period, they are given here in full :

" The inhabitants of this Town being called together on the recommendation of our General Assembly, to signify their

minds on the great point of Independence of Great Britain, think fit to instruct you on that head. The Ministry of that Kingdom having formed the design of subjecting the Colonies to a distant, external and absolute power in all cases whatso- ever, wherein the Colonies have not, and in the nature of things, cannot have any share by representation, have, for a course of years past exerted their utmost endeavors to put the same plan, so destructive to both countries, into execution ; but finding it (through the noble and virtuous opposition of the sons of free- dom) impracticable, they have had, at length, a fatal recourse to that which is still more repugnant to a free Government, viz., a standing army,-to fire and sword, to blood and devastation,- calling in the aid of foreign troops, as well as endeavoring to stir up the Savages of the wilderness, being determined to exercise their barbarities upon us, and, to all appearance, to extirpate if practicable, the Americans from the face of the carth, unless they will tamely resign the rights of humanity, and to repeople this once happy Country with the ready sons of Vassalagc.

"We, therefore, apprehending that such subjection will be inconsistent with the just rights and blessings of society, unan- imously instruct you to endeavor that our Delegates in Con- gress be informed (in case that Representative Body shall think fit to declare the Colonies independent of Great Britain) of our readiness and determination to assist with our lives and for- tunes, in support of that necessary measure. Touching other matters, we trust in your fidelity, discretion, and zeal for the publick welfare, to propose and forward all such measures as you shall apprehend may contribute to our necessary defence in the present threatening respect of affairs, or to the promoting of the internal peace, order, and good Government of this Colony."

The military record of the men of Scituate was a full redemption of their pledge. It is not supposed that the following lists contain the names of all who served in the war for independence, but they are enough to show the full measure of the patriotism of that people

The following is the pay-roll of the company of minute-men under Capt. John Clapp, in the regiment commanded by Col. John Bailey, of Hanover, who marched April 19, 1775, on the Lexington alarm. They served at that time fifteen days :

Capt. John Clapp.

Isaac Sylvester.

Lieut. Natbaniel Winslow.

David Jordan.

Lieut. John Jacobs. E. Jacobs.

Sergt. Enoch Collamore.

Ebenczer Copeland.

Ephraim Stetson.

Sergt. Nathaniel Chitten- den.

Noah Barrell.

Sergt. Lazarus Bowker.

Colburn Barrell.

Sergt. Stephen Palmer.

Joseph Brown.

Corp. John Bowker.

James Gray.

Corp. Thomas Totman.

Christopher Stetson.

Corp. James Lincoln.

James Barrell.

Corp. James Stockbridge.

Benjamin Collamore.

Samuel Clapp.

John Damon.

Barnabas Barker.

Eells Damon.

Edward Bowker.

Daniel Edwards.

Daniel Damon.

William Ryland.

Ebenezer Eddy.

Charles Otis.

Samuel Damon.

Simeon Prouty.

Gershom Bowker.

Joshua Prouty.

Bartlett Bowker.

James Prouty.

Stephen Damon.

John Wright.

416

HISTORY OF PLYMOUTH COUNTY.

Goorgo Torrey.

Bonjamin Tower.

Samuel Brown.

Thomas Holmos.

Abner Briggs.

Joseph Hayden.

Zeno Bryant.

Benjamin Hyland.

Thomas Sylvester.

Consider Turner.

Stephen Totman.

The following is the roll of Capt. William Turner's company, of Scituate, and attached to Col. Thomas' regiment, which also marched on the Lexington alarm, April 19, 1775, and was paid for four days service :

Capt. William Turner.

Joseph Briggs.

Lieut. Benjamin Stetson.

David Merritt.

Ens. Jonathan Turner.

Charles Curtis.

Sergt. Joseph Benson.

Simeon Pincin.

Sergt. James Nash.

Anthony Collamore.

Charles Fish.

Noah Nash.

Elisha Grose.

Augustus Pierce.

Joshua Grose.

Edward Ramsdelt.

Sergt. Benjamin Vassall.

Stephen Wade.

Clerk Joshua Clapp.

John Merritt.

Corp. Benjamin Holmes.

Caleh Nichols.

Corp. Thomas Wehb.

Joseph Nash.

Josiah Holbrook.

John Wade.

David Hammond.

Benjamin Woodworth.

Fifer Bela Clapp.

Abednego Wade.

Nathaniel Hollowell.

The same company was in the service again Oct. 7, 1775.

th of ff fo

In Capt. Crocker's company, which served from May to August, 1775, about three months, appear the following Scituate men :

Capt. Elijah Crocker. John Henley.

Sergt. Benjamin Hatch.

William Henley.

Barnahas Barker. Ezekiel Jones.

Guy Bates.

Ephraim Litchfield.

David Bowker.

Isaac Litchfield.

Georgo Cole.

Nathaniel Lapham. Lemuel Lapham.

James Cushing.

Benjamin Collamore. John Mitchell.

William Damon.

Eliphalet Northey.

Stephen Fish. Theophilus Southworth.

Michael Frazier.

Laban Sprague.

These same men appear to have been again in ser- vice in October, 1775.

The pay-roll of Capt. Samuel Stockbridge's com- pany in Col. Thomas' regiment, serving from May 10 to August 1, 1775, is as follows :

Capt. Samuel Stockbridgo. Sergt. Ira Bryant. Lieut. Atwood Mott. Corp. Nonh Litchfield.

Ens. Caloh Nichols. Corp. Samuol Curtis.

Sergt. Thomas Wobb.

Corp. Consider Merritt.

Sergt. Bonjamin Peakcs. Corp. Gathebus Cowing.

Sergt. Isaac Stotson. Corp. S. Poirco.

Elijah Bryant.

Benjamin Hammond.

Luther Chittenden.

Edward Jenkins.

Charles Curtis.

Nathaniel Jenkins.

Isaac Colyer.

Charles Litchfield.

Gamaliel Curtis.

Nathan Litchfield.

Israel Cowing.

Elisha Litehfield.

Abner Dwelley.

Samuel Litchfield.

Amos Dunhar.

Josiah Mann.

Ezekiel Dunbar.

Lemuel Mayhew.

William Curtis.

John Manson.

David Dunhar.

Job Neal.

William Dwelley.

Samuel Nichols.

Benjamin Gannett.

Lemuel Sylvester.

Beza Hayden.

Asa Turner.

William Hayden.

Benjamin Wade.

Drum. Nathaniel Cushing.

Gamaliel Curtis.

Fifer Reuhen Damon.

Gera Jenkins.

Samuel Curtis.

Zaccheus Lambert.

Gideon Jenkins.

Noah Nichols.

James Jenkins.

Lothrop Litchfield.

David Bowker.

David Dunhar.

William Pincin.

Calvin Jenkins.

James Litchfield.

Nathaniel Eells.

Joseph Ellms.

Luke Bowker.

Zaccheus Merritt.

Nehemiah Merritt.

Benjamin Curtis.

Sylvanus Damon.

Dearing Jones.

Jabez Standley.

Calogus Vinal.

John King.

Anthony Collamore, Jr. M. Sutton.

Sergt. C. Barrell.

Sergt. Benjamin Vinal.

Daniel Merritt.

Corp. James Lincoln.

Noah Nicholson.

Corp. Joseph Brown.

Charles Otis.

Corp. Samuel Young.

Simeon Prouty.

Corp. Samuel Gray.

James Prouty.

Drum. Christ. Stetson.

Simeon Pincin.

Fifer Bela Clapp.

John Prouty.

James Barrell. William Barrell.

Lahan Rose.

John Bowker.

Samuel Stetson.

Joshua Bowker.

Poter Sears.

Benjamin Collamore.

Samuel Simmons.

David Clapp.

Barnabas Simmons.

Nathaniel Cushing.

Amos Stetson.

D. Costo.

Amos Stetson. Thomas Totman.

Stephen Damon.

John Damon.

Benjamin Tower.

Eells Damon. Ebeuozer Totman.

Edward Damon. Considor Turner.

Hosea Dunhar.

Nathan Thomas.

Daniel Edwards.

Nathan Towor.

William Hyland.

Ebenozer Wing.

Nathaniol House.

John King.

Sergt. Jacob Turner.

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History of Plymouth county, Massachusetts, with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Part 88

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton) Publication date: 1884 Publisher: Philadelphia, J.W. Lewis & co. Number of Pages: 1706

Author: Hurd, D. Hamilton (Duane Hamilton)
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: Philadelphia, J.W. Lewis & co.
Number of Pages: 1706