USA > Massachusetts > History of the Military company of the Massachusetts, now called the Ancient and honorable artillery company of Massachusetts. 1637-1888, Vol. I > Part 17
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Lawrence Litchfield (1640), of Barnstable, whence he removed after 1643, and, in 1646, is found in Scituate. He died in Scituate in 1650. He was sent to Boston to study the art of war, that he might command an offshoot of the Barnstable train-band about to swarm in a new location, at Sippican, on the south shore. He settled in Barn- stable, near what is now called the "Great Pond," and adjoined to the estate of Gov. Hinckley. Mr. Litchfield (1640) is believed to be the progenitor of the families in New England of this name.
Henry Looker (1640), of Sudbury. On the oldest roll-book this name is spelled Lucar. He was admitted to be a freeman May 10, 1643. He sustained a loss of one hundred pounds by the attack of the Indians on Sudbury, April 21, 1676. Families by the name of Loker have lived within the ancient limits of Sudbury since the time of its settlement, dwelling, for the most part, in the territory now Wayland.
Francis Lyall (1640), of Boston in 1638, was a barber-surgeon, admitted to be an inhabitant of the town Aug. 7, 1638. He joined the First Church Sept. 29, 1639, and became a freeman May 13, 1640. The house and garden of Francis Lyle, or Lyall (1640), which he bought in 1641 of the widow of Walter Blackborne (1638), were on (the present) Washington Street, nearly opposite the head of Milk Street. Previous to this, March 25, 1639, leave was granted to " Brother Valentine Hill [1638] to build a fitting-house and a shopp upon the house plott which he hath bought that was our brother Mr William Aspinwalls [1643] and to let it to Francis Lysle [1640] Barber." This place was on State Street, opposite Merchants' Exchange.
Mr. Lyall (1640) went to England with Leverett (1639) and others, to serve in the cause of Parliament, and became surgeon in the life-guard of the Earl of Manchester. " He returned, like most of his townsmen, to New England in 1645," says Mr. Savage ; but Winthrop, II., 245, states that " three of them went to England again about the end of this year, but came back again and settled themselves here, all save the surgeon."
Surgeon Lyall (1640) was in Boston, Aug. 12, 1645, for in the Records of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, after the appointment of Capt. Leverett (1639) to be captain in an expedition against the Narragansets, it says : "The Cort conceive that Mr Loyall, the surgeon, lately come out of that impliment [employment] of the Earle of Manchester, in England, may be fit to be sent forth with our present forces, in that impliment." The same day the General Court ordered "that a ioyner should be pressed to make a surgeon's boxe for Mr Lisle & the constable to pvide ould linnen for the surgeon's use."
Lawrence Litchfield (1640). AUTHORITIES : New Eng. Hist. and Gen. Reg., 1855; Savage's Gen. Dict .; Gen. Notes of Barnstable Families, Vol. II.
Henry Looker (1640). AUTHORITIES: IIud- son's Hist. of Sudbury; Records of Mass. Bay, II.
Francis Lyall (1640). AUTHORITIES: Sav- age's Gen. Dict .; Report of Boston Rec. Com., 1634-1660; Snow's Ilist. of Boston, p. 118; Sav- age's Edition of Winthrop's Ilist. of New Eng.
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His wife, Alice, died in 1666, and her son-in-law, Freegrace Bendall (1667), admin- istered on her estate.
Thomas Marshall (1640), of Lynn in 1635, was admitted to be a freeman in 1641. Whitman says he was a tailor, but he is best known as the landlord of Anchor Tavern. This renowned hostelry stood on the west side of Saugus River, on the road leading from Salem to Boston. Mr. Armitage, its first landlord, was succeeded in 1652 by Mr. John Hathorne, who was succeeded by Capt. Thomas Marshall (1640). "He was one of the most jolly and hospitable landlords, and during his administration no wayside inn throughout the colonies enjoyed a more enviable reputation." Previous to this time, however, when the reign and the life of Charles I. had reached the culminating point, his military spirit was aroused, and he went to England, and received from Cromwell a captain's commission in the Parliamentary army. He served faithfully, was honorably discharged, and returned safely to his home. Nov. 29, 1659, the Quarterly Court ordered : "Thomas Marshall of Lynn is allowed by this Court, to sell strong water to travillers, and alsoe other meet provisions." John Dunton, the London bookseller, who visited Lynn in 1686, thus wrote in his journal : "About two of the clock, I reached Captain Marshall's house, which is half-way between Boston and Salem ; here I staid to refresh nature with a pint of sack and a good fowl. Capt Marshall is a hearty old gentleman, formerly one of Oliver's soldiers, upon which he very much values himself. He had all the history of the civil wars at his finger's ends, and if we may believe him, Oliver did hardly anything that was considerable without his assistance ; and if I'd have staid as long as he'd have talked, he'd have spoiled my ramble to Salem."
His fellow-townsmen elected him six times, first in 1659, and last in 1668, as their representative to the General Court, besides conferring upon him minor positions of honor and respectability. On the 18th of October, 1659, Capt. Marshall (1640) was authorized by the General Court to join in marriage such persons in Lynn as conformed to the legal requirements. In 1670, he was discharged from " officyating in that imploy- ment," because his "overmuch credulity" led him into the error of marrying some whose "intentions " had not been properly published.
It was at Capt. Marshall's (1640) tavern that Judge Sewall (1679) tarried in 1686, on his way from Newbury to Boston, where he learned that Benjamin Davis (1673) had been elected captain of the Artillery Company June 7, 1686.
Capt. Marshall (1640) commanded the military company of Lynn at the time of King Philip's War, in 1675. He dispensed the hospitalities of Anchor Tavern for forty years. He was a model landlord, active, attentive, pleasing, and instructive, well versed in the affairs of church and state, both in England and Massachusetts Bay. He died Dec. 23, 1689, at the age of seventy-three years.
James Oliver (1640), of Boston, was the son of the ruling elder, Thomas Oliver, and brother of John Oliver (1638). James was brought by his father, in 1632, from Bristol, Somerset County, England, in the " William and Francis." He was admitted to be a freeman Oct. 12, 1640. He was captain of one of the Boston companies in 1673, and during King Philip's War was in the great fight of Dec. 19, 1675. He served
Thomas Marshall (1640). AUTHORITIES: 1furd's Hist. of Middlesex Co., Vol. I., pp. 322-324, 508; New Eng. Ilist. and Gen. Reg., 1872, 1879; Records of Mass. Bay.
James Oliver (1640). AUTHORITIES: New Eng. Hist. and Gen. Reg., 1865, ISS5; Mem. Hist. of Boston; Savage's Gen. Dict .; 11ill's Hist. of Old South Church; Records of Mass. Bay.
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as a selectman of Boston from 1653 to 1656 inclusive, and from 1662 to 1678 inclusive, making a total of twenty-one years in that office. In 1653, he had the title of cornet. He held office in the militia until 1680, when, as captain, he was discharged at his own request. He was third sergeant of the Artillery Company in 1646, first sergeant in 1648, ensign in 1651, lieutenant in 1653, and captain in 1656 and 1666.
On the 3d of April, 1652, the selectmen voted that "Ensign James Oliver [1640] and Sarjt Petter Oliver [1643] are granted libertie for to set up a wind mile one the tope of the hile between the towne and the hile Called Foxhile," etc. Fox Hill was formerly a small hill in the marshes at the bottom of the Common. The oft-recurrence of the name of James Oliver (1640) in the early records of Boston, and the conferring upon him of so many positions of responsibility, prove that he was a practical, faithful, and trusted citizen. His house and yard were on State Street, next below Francis Lyall's (1640), and opposite Merchants' Exchange.
Mr. Whitman (1810) relates, "In 1675 many Indians, 'who had subjected them- selves to the English, were hurried down to Deer Island, where they remained during the winter' and suffered severely. 'On the 10th of September, at nine o'clock at night, (such was the alarm of the people) there gathered together about forty men, some of note, and came to the house of Capt James Oliver [1640]; two or three of them went into his entry to desire to speak with him, which was to desire him to be their leader, and they should join together, and go and break open the prison, and take one Indian out thence and hang him. Capt Oliver [1640], hearing their request, took his cane and cudgeled them stoutly, and so for that time, dismissed the company, which had he in the least countenanced, it might have been accompanied with ill events in the end.' He was a member of the Old South Church," and died in 1682, without children.
Ralph Ory (1640).
Henry Phillips (1640), of Dedham in 1637, of Boston in 1656, and of Hadley in 1672, was a butcher, and was admitted to be a freeman March 13, 1639. He married (1), "5t of the Ist mo. 1639," Mary Brock, who died Aug. 1, 1640; and he married (2), May 1, 1641, Ann Hunting. She died in a very few years, and he married for his third wife Mary Dwight.1 In the winter of 1638-9, "Henry Phillips who appeared to ye church a tender and broken hearted Christian," was admitted to the church.
Mr. Worthington says, " He came to Dedham from Watertown and was solicited to become a candidate for the ministry ; he chose, however, to be a candidate in another place, but some events prevented his settlement in any town, and he became as our Church Records say, 'a discouraged and broken-hearted Christian.' Mather inserts his name among the ministers, as a resident of Dedham." Henry Phillips was ensign of the Dedham company in 1648, and clerk of the Boston market in 1658. He removed to
Henry Phillips (1640). AUTHORITIES: Whit- man's Hist. A. and H. A. Company, Ed. 1842; Sav- age's Gen. Dict .; Dedham Town Records; Dedham Hist. Reg., 1892.
" [1685-6] Feb. 3, Wednesday, Mr. Henry Phillips is buried with Arms, he having been an Ensign at Dedham, and in Boston several years of Capt Oliver's Company. Capt Ilutchinson led the Soldiers, his and Capt Townsends' Company spring- ing of said Oliver's, Capt Townsend and Capt Hill each of them Trailed a Pike : were about 24 Files 4
deep. Snow very deep; so in the New-burial Place [Copp's Ilill], 3 Paths, 2 for the 2 Files of Sould- iers, middlemost for the Relations. Edw. Cowel and Mr Winchcomb go before the Governour. Re- turn Wait is refused though I see he was there." - Sewall Papers, Vol. I., p. 121.
' In Suffolk Deeds, Lib. IT., p. 155, is recorded a marriage contract, dated Inne 24, 1653, in which he makes over to Mary Dwight bis dwelling-house in Dedham, with barns, orchards, and gardens, with ten acres of upland and six of meadow.
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Boston about November, 1655, when he bought a house there of Joshua (1640) and Lydia Fisher. In 1672, he became a deacon in the church at Hadley, and the same year was elected to represent that town in the General Court. He was buried Feb. 3, 1686.
Samuel Shepard (1640), of Cambridge in 1635, came in the " Defence," aged twenty-two years, by the custom-house records. He is called a servant of Harlakenden, probably to deceive the British government. He arrived Oct. 3, 1635, was one of the first members of a new church gathered Feb. 1, 1636, in " New Town," and was admitted to be a freeman March 3, 1636. He was a half-brother of Rev. Thomas Shepard, of Cambridge. He purchased the estate on the southerly side of Harvard Street, extending from Holyoke Street to Bow Street. Samuel Shepard (1640) was an able and useful citizen. He was intrusted by the General Court, in September, 1639, with the manage- ment of the college stock, and with " the completion of the building begun by Mr. Eaton." He was selectman in 1638, representative in 1639, 1640, 1644, and 1645, clerk of the writs in 1640, and commissioner for small canses in 1641. He was intimately associated with Col. George Cooke (1638) ; they were both military men; both came over in the " Defence "; they served here together, and went back to England together to serve in the army of Cromwell. He was the first ensign of the military company organized in Cambridge in December, 1636, of which George Cooke (1638) was captain. In October, 1645, having been excused from their duties as members of the General Court, they sailed together for England. Both enlisted in the cause of Parliament, - Cooke (1638) as colonel, and Shepard (1640) as major. His church relation was severed prior to 1658. He had then been in Ireland several years, for under date of March 8, 1649-50, he wrote from London to Deacon Edward Collins (1641), appointing him his attorney in New England, saying, " I am within a few days to be in Ireland, if God will ; but the next letters will, I hope, settle me." Edward Collins (1641) was granted administration on the estate of Samuel Shepard (1640), deceased, Sept. 15, 1673.
Christopher Stanley (1640), of Boston in 1635, came, at the age of thirty-two years, in the " Elizabeth and Ann," from London. He joined the First Church May 16, 1641, and was admitted a freeman on the 2d of June next following. He is called in the church records a " taylor." In 1640, he was granted one acre "upon the little island at Hogg Island "; in 1642, he was given permission to buy " the marish in the mill-field," at forty shillings per acre ; May 29, 1643, he was appointed "water Bayliffe to cleare the Shoare of all offences to boates or the like"; April 2, 1644, he was granted liberty to wharf before his property near Winnisimmet Ferry, in the mill-field. He was a captain in the militia, and died March 27, 1646. He left a good estate to his widow, who married William Phillips (1644), and made the first bequest to the town for the support of schools.1
Samuel Shepard (1640). AUTHORITIES : Ilurd's Hist. of Middlesex Co., Vol. I., p. 177; Paige's Hist. of Cambridge; Quincy's IIist. of Ilarv. Coll.
"College Book, No. III., p. 3, after stating, that Nathaniel Eaton, having been convicted of sundry abuses, was, in September, 1639, removed from his trust, proceeds thus : 'The charge of carry- ing on the building begun by Mr. Eaton was then committed to the management of Mr. Samuel Shep- ard [1640], and the College Book was put into his hands.' " - Quincy's Hist. Harv. Coll., Vol. I.
Mr. Shepard's (1640) accounts are printed in the above-mentioned volume.
Christopher Stanley (1640). AUTHORITIES : Savage's Gen. Dict .; Report of Boston Rec. Com., 1634-1660; New Eng. Hist. and Gen. Reg., 1850 (will).
1 1649, April 9, the town record says, " William Phillips [1644] hath agreed to give 13s 4d per annum forever to the use of the schools for the land that Christopher Stanley [1640] gave in his will for the schools' use."
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Robert Turner (1640), of Boston in 1633, is called in the records of the First Church, of which he became a member Sept. 8, 1633, "our brother Edward Bendall's [1638] man-servant." He was admitted a freeman March 4, 1634. In 1639, he had a wife, Penelope. Their first child was Ephraim Turner (1663), who was born Dec. 13, 1639. Mr. Turner (1640) was an innholder. He bought of Richard Fairbanks (1654), in 1652, the property where the Boston Globe building now stands, and erected a new building upon the lot, which afterwards became known as the " Blue Anchor" tavern. The town voted, "5th 8mo. [1652], Sergt Turner [1640] is alowed to have his new house to jet out farther into the street then his old house now standeth," etc. He furnished lodgings and refreshments to government officials, to commissioners of the United Colonies, and to the clergy, when assembled in convention by order of the General Court. The rooms in the "Anchor," or " Blue Anchor," tavern, were desig- nated as the "Cross Keyes," "Green Dragon," the " Anchor and Castle Chamber," and the " Rose and Sun Low Room." This tavern, in 1691, was kept by the celebrated landlord, George Monck. The Boston Records inform us that on the 28th of I mo., 1642, the selectmen ordered the constable to pay Robert Turner ( 1640) eighteen shillings for "Dyet, beere and fire for the Selectmen." Gleaner's article No. XXXVI., in Vol. V. of the Reports of the Record Commissioners of Boston, gives an exhaustive account of " Robert Turner's [1640] great pasture on Beacon street and hill."
He held the office of sergeant in the Boston militia in 1652, and that of lieutenant in 1655, and until his decease. Lieut. Turner (1640) was first sergeant of the Artillery Company in 1659, ensign in 1661, and lieutenant in 1662.
His will of July 9, 1664, which was proved Aug. 24, 1664, " as he spoke it," is given in the New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. XIII., p. 11.
David Yale (1640), of Boston, son of David and Anne Yale, of Wales, came to America, probably, in 1637, with his stepfather, Gov. Theophilus Eaton, who married, as his second wife, Anne, the widow of David Yale, Sr. They settled in New Haven, Conn. Mr. Yale (1640) was not suited with New Haven, and very soon after his arrival moved to Boston and settled there as a merchant. He married Ursula -, by whom he had at least four children, Elizabeth, David, Elihu, born April 5, 1649, and Theophilus. Mr. Savage says David Yale (1640) "was probably driven from Massa- chusetts by the intolerance of the age, for his estate here was sold by his attorneys," Capt. Thomas Clarke (1638) and Capt. Thomas Lake (1653). Mr. Yale (1640) was a sympathizer with the views of Samuel Maverick (1658), Dr. Robert Child (1639), Thomas Fowle (1639), and others, and with them signed that "petition of seditious character," which brought them before the court. All except Mr. Maverick (1658) very soon returned to England.
David Yale (1640) purchased, in 1645, of Edward Bendall (1638), his house and garden, "containing two acres," which "had Sudbury [Court] Street on the east and took in Tremont Row and the centre of Scollay Square." He was second sergeant of the Artillery Company in 1648.
Not long after the birth of Theophilus in 1652, the family returned to England and
Robert Turner (1640). AUTHORITIES : Bos- ton Records; Savage's Gen. Dict .; Mem. Hist. of Boston; Drake's Landmarks of Boston; Whitmore's Notes to John Dunton's Letters; Whitman's Hist. A. and H. A. Company, Ed. 1842.
David Yale (1640). AUTHORITIES: New Eng. Hist. and Gen. Reg., 1850; Savage's Edition of Winthrop's Hist., Vol. II .; Savage's Gen. Dict .; Hist. of Education in Conn., No. 14, Bureau of Education, U. S. A., 1893.
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HISTORY OF TIIE ANCIENT AND
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settled there. Elihu, when about twenty-one years of age, went to Madras, India, to make his fortune as a merchant, and became president of Madras. He had great opportunities to acquire wealth, and in 1692 returned to England very rich. Through the influence of Mr. Drummer and Cotton Mather, Elihu Yale was induced to make a present of eight hundred pounds in goods to the college of New Haven, on account of which gift the institution was given the name of " Yale." The goods were consigned for the college to Col. William Tailer (1712), who represented Mr. Elihu Yale on commencement day, in 1718.
The officers elected were : Edward Gibbons (1637), captain ; Thomas
1641-2. Savage (1637), lieutenant ; Benjamin Keane (1638), senior sergeant ; Edward Hutchinson (1638), junior sergeant ; John Leverett (1639), clerk, and Arthur Perry (1638), drummer.
The Company elected Capt. Gibbons (1637) a second time, probably on account of his superior qualifications and his great personal popularity.
The new members recruited in 1641-2 were : Thomas Barker, John Biggs, Robert Bridges, Edward Collins, Samuel Eldred, John Hardier, Joshua Hobart, Nathaniel Howard, Jeremiah Howchin, John Humfrey, Jr., John Manning, John Milam, John Mousall, John Newton, Adam Otley, George Palmer, Thomas Parish, John Severne, William Torrey, John Townsend, John Westgate, Stephen Winthrop.
Thomas Barker (1641), of Rowley,1 came from Ragwell, in the county of Suffolk, England. He became a freeman May 13, 1640. He died in 1650, and his widow became the third wife of Rev. Ezekiel Rogers.
John Biggs (1641), of Boston in 1630, came, probably, with Winthrop, as he was one of the earliest members of the First Church, and was admitted to be a freeman March 4, 1634. In 1635, he removed to Ipswich, but soon returned, and being one of the sympathizers with Mr. Wheelwright, he delivered up his arms to Capt. Robert Keayne (1637) in November, 1637. He probably lived in Exeter, N. H., a short time, where Wheelwright and his followers established themselves in 1638. A grant of land was made to him, west of North Russell Street, in Boston, in 1641. His dwelling was on Court Street, on the third lot from Washington Street, on the east side. He was one of the donors, Aug. 12, 1661, " towards the maintenance of a free-schoolmaster." Mr. Biggs (1641) was second sergeant of the Artillery Company in 1659.
Robert Bridges (1641), of Lynn in 1640, was admitted a freeman June 2, 1641. Soon after, he went to England, but returned with John Winthrop, Jr., in 1643. He was captain of the Lynn train-band at the organization of the militia in 1644, and the same year was elected deputy from Lynn. He was twice re-elected, 1645 and 1646, and the
John Biggs (1641). AUTHORITIES : Savage's Gen. Dict .; Savage's Edition of Winthrop's Hist. of New Eng .; New Eng. Reg., 1861, p. 252 (will).
Robert Bridges (1641). AUTHORITIES: Sav- age's Gen. Dict .; Lewis's IIist. of Lynn; Hurd's
Ilist. of Essex Co., p. 294; Whitman's IIist. A. and H. A. Company; Savage's Edition of Winthrop's Ilist. of New Eng.
Savage's Gen. Dict., Vol. I.
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latter year he was speaker of the House of Representatives. He was elected assistant in 1647, and was yearly re-elected until 1656, the year of his death.
He was a man of property, ability, and marked traits of character. In 1645, he was appointed, with Richard Walker (1638) and Sergt. Marshall, by the New England Confederation, to negotiate with Monsieur d'Aulnay, knight captain-general for the King of France, Governor of the French province of Acadia. The negotiation was successful, and the commissioners were duly recompensed, Capt. Bridges (1641) being paid ten pounds.
In 1645, Capt. Bridges (1641) was one of a committee of five members of the House, to draft bills "for positive lawes" against lying, Sabbath-breaking, profanity, drunkenness, and kindred vices. He joined with the Governor and assistants in 1649, and signed a " protestation against the prevailing custom of wearing long hair, 'after the manner of ruffians and barbarous Indians.'" In the month of June, 1654, "Thomas Wheeler [was] bound over to the Court by the worshipful Captain Bridges [1641] for sinful and offensive speeches made by him in comparing Rev. Mr. Cobbett to Corah." Wheeler was sentenced to make public acknowledgment, pay the witnesses £12 25. 6d., and fees of the court.
"On Sunday, July 20, 1651, three men of the Baptist persuasion, from Rhode Island, named Clark, Crandall, and Holmes, went to the house of one Witter, at Swamp- scott, where Mr. Clark began to preach. On hearing this, Capt. Bridges [1641], the magistrate, sent two constables to apprehend them, as disturbers of the peace. In the afternoon, they were taken to Mr. Whiting's meeting, where they refused to uncover their heads. Mr. Bridges [1641] ordered a constable to take off their hats, when one of them attempted to speak, but was prevented. At the close of the meeting, one of them made some remarks, after which they were taken to the Anchor Tavern, and guarded through the night. In the morning they were sent to Boston and imprisoned." From such incidents, it would seem that though Capt. Bridges (1641) was honest, religious, and faithful to his convictions, yet he was exacting, and rigorous, if not bigoted. Johnson says, " He was endued with able parts, and forward to improve them to the glory of God and his people's good."
In 1642, he took specimens of the bog-ore found in Lynn to London, and formed a company, which soon after set up a bloomery and forge. Winthrop having inspired him to that undertaking, was the probable cause of his return to New England in 1643. Capt. Bridges (1641) lived to see this enterprise fail, and the property sold to pay Mr. Savage's (1637) attachment, notwithstanding the material aid granted by the colony. Suits against the company were protracted through twenty years. Hubbard says "that, instead of drawing out bars of iron for the country's use, there was ham- mered out nothing but contention and lawsuits." Lewis adds, "They continued in operation on a small scale for more than one hundred years. The heaps of scoria are nearly overgrown with grass, and are called 'cinder-banks.'"
In 1644, by order of the General Court, Capt. Bridges (1641) had "the care of two great guns " belonging to the town of Lynn. On the 28th of April, 1648, his house was consumed by fire. He died in 1656, having lived in constant activity, loyal to the colony, and devoted to its best interests. He was ensign of the Artillery Company in 1642, and lieutenant in 1644.
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