USA > Massachusetts > Essex County > Standard history of Essex county, Massachusetts, embracing a history of the county from its first settlement to the present time, with a history and description of its towns and cities. The Most historic county of America. > Part 100
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March 18, 1773, the town agreed with Mr. Joseph Killam " to ring the bell and sweep the meeting house, one year from the date hereof, for £1 6s. 8d., and further ring said bell at nine at night for 40s."
Though there were many royalists here during the great struggle for independence, the majority of the people pledged "their lives their fortunes, and their sacred honor," to sustain the cause of liberty. Early action was taken by the town to second the measures of the leaders against the aggressions of the mother country. A committee was chosen, May 18, 1774, to report on the letter of the Boston Com- mittee of Correspondence. This committee, consisting of Dr. Joseph Whipple, Capt. Andrew Masters, Capt. Samuel Foster, Mr. Andrew Woodbury, John Edwards, and John Tewksbury were empowered to act as a committee of safety. On the 16th of September Andrew Woodbury was sent to the General Court with the direction, that in the event of its dissolution, he should attend as a delegate the Provincial Congress.
In December, the town voted that its money in the hands of the constable, instead of being paid to the treasurer of the Province, should be put into the hands of Henry Gardner, Esq., of Stow. Thus "the sinews of war" were devoted to the popular cause. In order to lessen importations, it was voted " to give no scarfs or gloves at funerals."
Minnte-men were appointed, and two barrels of powder provided. The militia company, of which Capt. Andrew Masters, Lieut. Samuel Foster, and Eleazer Crafts were the officers, was frequently drilled upon the common, in front of the meeting-house.
To the county convention, held in August, Dr. Joseph Whipple and Col. John Lee were sent as delegates ; and to the convention held at Ipswich, in September, John Lee, Esq., Capt. Andrew Masters, and Andrew Woodbury were the delegates.
Early in 1775 the small-pox appeared in town, to the consternation of the people, and a pest-house, with its attendant, a smoke-house, was erected. Four watch-houses were also erected, two in May and two in July, in order to observe the movements of the British cruisers off the coast. John Lce, Esq., Jonathan Herrick, Samuel Foster,
Jacob Hooper, Aaron Lee, John Edwards, Isaac Lee, Isaac Proctor, and Eleazer Crafts were chosen a committee of correspondence.
On the arrival of the news of the battle of Lexington, Capt. Andrew Masters, at the head of his company, marched as far as Lynn, when he received orders to return. A half company of militia was formed under Capt. Whipple. The second company in it was of Manchester, the officers being Andrew Masters, captain ; Samuel Foster, first lieutenant ; Eleazer Crafts, second lieutenant ; and Jonathan Brown, sergeant.
In October, 1776, entrenchments were thrown up at Norton's Point. The committee of correspondence then consisted of Dea. JJohn Allen, Dr. Joseph Whipple, Azariah Norton, and Jacob Tewksbury. A bounty of £68 was raised for soldiers, and one hundred bushels of corn were provided for the poor.
In 1777, Eleazer Crafts was chosen first major of Cape Ann and Manchester brigade, and a privateer was lost off Gloucester, with Dr. Joseph Whipple, an ardent patriot, Daniel Ober, and seventeen other men from Manchester. There was much excitement in town this year in respect to the Tories, and Nathaniel Lee, Obed Carter, and Thomas Stevens were appointed a committee to make inquiries respecting them. The number of male inhabitants over fifteen years of age was, this year, 224. The town agrees to support the families of the soldiers.
Liberty was reluctantly granted in 1778 to inoculate for the small- pox, and in the year ensuing this liberty was revoked. Several mills were at this period erected for grinding corn-stalks for the manufact- ure of molasses. It was a very poor substitute for the genuine article, and the business was soon abandoned.
In 1779, £41 5s. were paid for soldiers' shoes, and other sums were raised for the prosecution of the war.
In 1780, the town offered £12 for reernits, and in October voted not to raise the sum of £7,000, its proportion to purchase beef for the army. James Lee died this year a prisoner at Halifax, N. S. .
The next year the town was called upon to draft eight men, and to furnish 8,266 pounds of beef for the army, both of which it declined to do. For this it was fined £1,027 6x .; but the fine was in part abated on the presentation of a petition setting forth the poverty of the people. In November, it however voted to raise £1,000 for hiring soldiers, and to offer £25 as a bounty to such as might enlist. The service done to the country by the privateers of Manchester was highly commended.
The news of peace in 1783 was received with acclamations of joy, and the town gradually revived from the depressing influence of the war.
The school-house was rebuilt in 1785, and in 1788 it was voted to have a grammar school. The town was called to deplore the loss by death of its minister, the Rev. Benjamin Tappan, May 6, 1790. He married Abigail Wigglesworth, and had twelve children, two of whom, David and Amos, were graduates of Harvard College. His epitaph is : -
"In memory of Benjamin Tappa, late pastor of the church in Manchester, who expired May 6, 1790, in the 70th year of his age, and 45th year of his ministry. He was a sincere and exemplary Christian, a tender husband and parent, a judicious and sound divine, a prudent and faithful minister."
Mr. Tappan was sneceeded by the Rev. Ariel Parish, son of Elijah and Eunice Parish, born in Lebanon, Conn., Nov. 29, 1764 (Dartmouth College, 1788), and ordained at Manchester, April 12, 1792, his brother, Dr. Elijah Parish, of Byfield, preaching the sermon. His ministry was brief. He died May 30. 1794, a victim of the ma- lignant fever which proved fatal to about seventy of the inhabitants.
Edward Kitfield, aged forty-seven years, and his wife, Elizabeth, were killed in consequence of a fall out of a chaise, with which the horse was running away. He died May 19, and she May 24, 1798.
The town provided a powder-house in 1799, and ten cartridges of powder were granted to each member of the militia.
After hearing some forty candidates, the Rev. Abraham Randall, son of Abraham and Elizabeth Randall, of Stow, born Oct. 28, 1771 (Harvard College, 1798), was ordained here Sept. 2, 1801, and dis- missed Aug. 17, 1808.
The population of the town at the beginning of the present century was 1,082, of whom three were colored persons. A post-office was established in 1803, and D. L. Brigham was appointed postmaster. The fishery was then carried on extensively in vessels belonging to Boston and other towns. A social library was established in 1804.
A new pound, costing $120, was built in 1806, and school districts were the next year established. To the embargo in 1808 there was
2;1
HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.
strong opposition, and the town petitioned Congress for its removal. This feeling against the embargo was common to all the seaboard towns of the State, inasmuch as by its operation trade and commerce everywhere became stagnant. The town this year lost two of its val- uable citizens by death, Capt. Samuel Prince and Dr. David Norwood. The former died on the first day of January, and the latter on the twenty-sixth day of May.
The Rev. James Thurston succeeded Mr. Randall April 19, 1809, Dr. Joseph Buckminster, of Portsmouth, preaching the installation sermon. Mr. Thurston was dismissed June 17, 1819, and died in Exeter, N. II., Dec. 12, 1835.
Soon after the settlement of Mr. Thurston, a new meeting-house was erected, at a cost of $8,000. The next year a powder-house was built on Powder-House Hill, which still remains just peering from the grove above the central village.
In the war of 1812, the town, from its exposure to the sca, under- went great anxiety. Watches were set, and signal-flags were placed on elevated situations. June 13, 1814, the town petitioned for pow- der ; but the place was not molested by the enemy. A Sabbath school was opened in 1818.
The population of the town in 1820 was 1,201; and on the 12th of September, 1821, the Rev. Samuel Moody Emerson, born Nov. 17, 1785 (Williams College, 1810), was installed pastor of the church, the Rev. J. Edwards, D. D., preaching the sermon. Capt. William Babcock was, in 1823, murdered by pirates at sea.
The following entry on the town records is an instance of the calam- ities to which many of the citizens of the town were constantly exposed : "Jonathan Lull, Benjamin Jones, and Asa Woodbury lost at sea. They sailed from Salem for the Southern States ; but a violent storm the next day after they sailed overwhelmed and sunk them in a watery grave, December 1834, as they never have been heard from sinee."
Rachel Lee, widow of Capt. Isaac Lee, died Dee. 14, 1835, aged ninety-seven years and nine months.
Ezekiel Walter Leach wrote a history of Manchester this year, the manuscript of which was presented to the town. It is hoped that measures will be taken for its revision and publication.
About 150 men were engaged in the fisheries in 1835, and the town had then seven fish-yards and flakes, and ten houses for storage. As many as eighteen schooners and two sloops sailed from the place. A high school was opened that year, in which the ancient languages were taught. William Long was the instructor.
Manchester had, iu 1837, twelve cabinet manufactories, in which about 120 men were employed; it had also fourteen vessels engaged in the cod and maekerel fishery, employing about sixty-five men. This latter business declining, the town gave its attention more directly to the manufacture of cabinet ware, for the excellence of which it enjoys an enviable reputation.
Dea. Delucena L. Bingham died here, Oet. 24, 1837, at the age of seventy-three years. He was very highly esteemed by all who knew him, and at the time of his death was clerk of the town and a justice of the peace.
The Rev. Mr. Moody was dismissed by eouneil in September, 1839, and was subsequently settled in Heath, where he died, July 20, 1841. He published a discourse "Ou Redeeming the Time," delivered at Manchester in January, 1825.
The Rev. Oliver Alden Taylor was installed here, Sept. 18, 1839, and continued in the pastorate until his decease, Dec. 18, 1851. He was born in Yarmouth, August, 1801 (Union College, 1825), and was somewhat noted as a seholar and a writer on sacred subjects. His brother, the Rev. T. A. Taylor, published a memoir of him in 1853. The population in 1840 had increased to 1,355.
The Christian Baptist Society built a church in the central village in 1843, and the Rev. Orin J. Wait was the first pastor. It is now a Calvinistic Baptist church.
In 1845, Manchester had eighteen vessels employed in the cod and mackerel fisheries, and the value of fares for the year ending April 1, 1845, was $21,435. The manufactures were chairs, upholstery, cabi- net ware, boots, shoes, bricks, and wheels for ships. After that period the fishing business decreased, while more attention was given to the manufacture of cabinet ware.
The town had, in 1850, 1,638 inhabitants.
The Rev. Rufus Taylor, brother of the Rev. Oliver A. Taylor, was installed pastor of the Congregational church, May 6, 1852, and went on prosperously until September, 1856, when he made, for the sake of his health, a voyage to Russia. On his return he was cordially re- ceived, and a purse of some $125 was made up for him by the society. But as there was a slight dissatisfaction in respect to his exchanges, the parish voted, April 1, 1857, "That it would be gratifying to the members of the First Parish, assembled at their annual meeting, if the Rev. Mr. Taylor would enlarge the circle of his exchanges." To this resolution Mr. Taylor sent in a sharp and rather petulant reply, which hie closed by resigning his charge.
His resignation was accepted by the parish ; he still, however, con- tinned to preach in the meeting-house until late in the autumn, when, with a minority of the church and society, he began to hold services in another building ; they elaiming to be the First Congregational Church.
A council, Dec. 16, 1857, decided that neither party without the other had a elaim to be the Congregational church, and dismissed Mr. Taylor " from all his church and parish relations." The number of church members who worshipped with Mr. Taylor was seventy-nine ; of those who opposed him, one hundred. Mr. Taylor accepted the decision of the council and left the town.
The minority then seeured the services of the Rev. Franeis V. Ten- ney, late of Byfield, who was installed as pastor, Aug. 15, 1858, the Rev. Milton P. Braman, D. D., preaching the sermon, and a small chapel was soon constructed by this seceding church and society. In the meantime the Rev. George E. Freeman, of the Bangor Theological Seminary, was invited to become the pastor of the regular church, and was ordained over it October 5th of the same year. He was dismissed Nov. 18, 1862, and is now pastor of the church at Abington. It may be added here, that a reunion between the two churches was happily consummated, March 23, 1869 ; and the chapel was generously pre- sented by Mrs. A. H. Trask to the original society which now uses it for social worship.
The Congregational church, erected in 1809, was remodelled and re- dedicated. April 9,-1856. An organ donated by Capt. Richard Trask and Mrs. Sarah Allen, and costing $1,200, was first used on that occasion.
The population in 1860 was 1,698.
The Rev. Edward P. Tenncy, author of "Coronation " and other works, commenced preaching to the First Congregational Church Nov. 3, 1862, and continued here until Sept. 30, 1867. He is now president at Colorado College.
In the War of the Rebellion, this town performed an honorable part, sending as many as 159 men into the service, and raising money cheer- fully to sustain the government.
The Rev. George L. Gleason, the present pastor, was installed here April 7, 1869. The church membership is 186, of whom 136 are females. The average attendance on the Sabbath school is 125. "The Songs of the Sanctuary " were introduced into public worship in 1870, and are still used. This work took the place of " Watts and Select Hymns " by Dr. Worcester.
Mr. Julius A. Rabardy, postmaster, established here, in 1875, a monthly journal, devoted to the "rights of men," and ealled the " Beetle and Wedge," which was ably conducted, and was continued until the present year. Its columns were enriched by many articles from the pen of John Lee, Esq., town clerk, in regard to the early history of Manchester.
The town officers of Manchester, in 1878, are : John Lee, clerk ; Albert E. Low, treasurer ; Aaron Bennett, collector; John Lee, John H. Cheever, William A. Stone, seleetmen, assessors, and overseers of the poor ; A. S. Jewett, school committee, for three years ; Edward Flint, Henry S. Chase, and James M. Lucas, eonstables. John Lee, Nathan P. Meldram, Francis H. Morgan, and John Price, are justices of the peace. Julius A. Rabardy is the postmaster, and George A. Priest, M. D., is the practising physician.
Although Manchester has not furnished any men remarkable for literary or scientifie attainments to the world, " no town on the Ameri- ean eoast, of its population, has furnished more able shipmasters and sailors," and its people have always been noted for industry, probity, honest dealing, and obedience to the laws.
MERRIMAC.
1.
The history of the origin of this town is so recent as to be familiar to all ; yet, in future days, some one may inquire how the town had its birth. The question of division and separation had interested the people of the parent town of Amesbury, and the villages of West Amesbury (now Merrimac ) for several years ; but nothing of organized or definite action had been taken until the winter of 1875-76.
The first public meeting, for effecting the object of separation, was held in Coliseum Hall, January 18th. January 26th, a meeting was held at the South Village (now Merrimacport ), and, on the following day, at the " West End," to adjust all differences of opinion, and to unite in petitioning the Legislature for an Act of incorporation as a town. On Saturday, February 12th, a town-meeting was called to vote on the question of division, and the result was 419 yeas and 210 nays. A committee of the Massachusetts Legislature visited the town on the second day of March, and gave an opinion favoring the new town. Several meetings were held by the Committee on Towns in the State House, at which decided opposition was expressed against division of the town, by prominent citizens of the eastern section. Notwithstanding this opposition, the Committee on Towns presented a favorable report, and Merrimac was incorporated as a town, by Act of the Legislature, on Monday, April 10, 1876.
The event was made the occasion of much rejoicing by the citizens. It was felt that all the material interests which had prospered the people as a community and parish in the old town would be strengthened and perpetuated under the new organization. . The business interests and growth of the village, for many years, had indicated that a new town was being reared for full fellowship, under statute law, with sister towns in the State ; and hence it was that less of opposition preceded its Act of incorporation in the Legislature than had been known in the creation of a new town.
The first meeting for the election of town officers was held April 20, 1876. Officers elected :- Selectmen : William H. Haskell, S. S. Blodgett, Alexander Smart. School Committee : C. M. Dinsmore, O. F. Leavy, W. H. Hubbard. Treasurer and Collector and Town Clerk : Bailey Sargent.
The town is three miles wide, and two and a half miles long. As a parish, its history dates to 1726, when the "Second Church " was organized, which has continued its existence as a strong and influen- tial body up to the present time.
Its early settlers were the direet descendants of Willie Sargent, Willie Barnes, and John Hoyt. Willie Sargent's son, Thomas, mar- ried the youngest daughter of Willie Barnes, - Rachael. The three first settled in Ipswich in 1633 ; removed from Ipswich to Newbury, and, with Thomas Parker and others, settled on Parker River. In 1638, removed to Salisbury, and were of the number who rank as the first settlers of Amesbury in 1654-55. The old families of Salis- bury, Amesbury, and Merrimae are united by ties of consanguinity. The most remarkable of the family names is that of the Sargents, who compose a large proportion of the families, as well as the wealth and business of the town of Merrimae. Willie Sargent, the founder of the family name in Merrimac, died 1675, aged seventy-five years. Children : Thomas, William, Mary, and Elizabeth.
William P. Sargent - through whose efforts, and the generous gift of a town-house, the new town is mainly indebted for its existence -is the eldest son of the Hon. Patten Sargent, Esq. He was born on the twenty-fourth day of November, 1819, and received his early education in the public schools of the town. He was active in busi- ness with his father, aud, when twenty-one years of age, entered into partnership with William HI. Haskell. In 1848, William Guuni- son was added to the firm. Mr. Sargent attended to the business of the firm in Boston. After ten years, the partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Sargent continued the business, until Charles W. Bradstreet was taken into the firm, and later, F. F. French and Horace M. Sar- gent. In 1875, Mr. Bradstreet withdrew. Mr. Sargent has always been an ambitious, active, and a self-reliant man. He has accumulated a large property, and the citizens of Merrimac praise the spirit which has actuated him in making so magnificent a gift to his native town.
Business Interests of the Town .- So interwoven with the history of Amesbury is that of Merrimac, that all reliable data must appear in the account of the settlement of the former place. It is evident that the early settlers were tillers of the soil, and had their saw-mills and grist-mills on the little stream which now furnishes power, in part, for the felt-shoe factory and wheel factory. Among the early branches of mechanical employment was the making of silver buckles by Jacob Little, Payne Wingate, Mr. Nichols, Mr. Morse, and others, for the shoe and harness makers of Salem, Mass. The abandoning of silver buckles for shoes led Mr. Little to look about for other means of employment, and carriage-making was suggested. This was accordingly entered upon. The village blacksmith, the car- penter, wheelwright, painter, harness-maker, and silver-platers found new employment, and the little village began a career of prosperity, which, amid all adverse influences and opposing obstacles, made it at one time the chief manufacturing town for carriages in the State. The first - carriage built to go out of the State was sold to Gov. Joseph Whipple, of Rhode Island. This was previous to the Dorr rebellion. Thirty years ago, carriages were sold here, and shipped to New Orleans, Cincinnati, Ohio, and many other States. West Amesbury built carriages that were known in the markets of the world for their superior make and finish. At the American Institute Fair, the carriages huilt here received the first premium ; and at the Cen- tennial Exhibition they suffered none in comparison with those of other States.
At the present time there are thirteen firms, giving employment to 364 persons, and the yearly value of the carriages made is estimated at $800,000 in prosperous times.
The West Amesbury Manufacturing Company was organized in 1848, with a capital stock of $10,000, afterwards inereased to $40,- 000. It manufactures 4,000 sets of wheels a year, with running parts, and employs thirty-five hands. The business was originally started by Mr. T. T. Merrill, who was the manager of the corporation for twenty-four years. On the death of Mr. Merrill, his son, F. S. Mer- rill, was given the agency of the company.
The manufacture of felt shoes is a new branch of business, em- ploying twenty-five hands, and turning off three hundred pairs a day.
For more than a half century pottery-ware has been made in this place, by the Chase Brothers, on the banks of the Merrimac. Tan- ning and shoemaking are also carried on to a limited extent.
The First National Bank of Amesbury was organized Feb. 4, 1864; name changed to First National Bank of Merrimac, Dee. 27, 1876. Directors : William H. Haskell, President ; John S. Poyen, William P. Sargent, William Gunnison, A. E. Goodwin, Benjamin F. Sargent, J. A. Lancaster ; D. Y. Poore, Cashier. Original capital stock, $50,- 000; July, 1864, increased to $75,000; November, 1864, increased to $100,000; July, 1872, $150.000; May, 1875, $200,000. Total dividends declared since organization, $170,250. Never passed a dividend. During the last five years its losses are less than two hun- dred dollars. Of the eighty-eight stockholders, fifty are citizens of Merrimae ; and the bank pays fifteen per cent. of the town tax.
The Amesbury Savings Bank was organized April 17, 1871; Jan- uary, 1878, name changed to Merrimae Savings Bank. Number of depositors, 500 ; amount of deposits, $135,000. Never lost a dollar ou its investments ; never passed a dividend. President, John S. Poven. Vice-Presidents, John P. Sargent, Isaae B. Little, John B. Judkins. Trustees, A. E. Goodwin, M. G. Clement, Alden B. Morse, James D. Pike, B. F. Sargent, F. S. Merrill, William H. Haskell, Thomas C. Sawyer, Albert Sargent, William Gunnison, John Cleary, J. Austin Lancaster. J. D. Poore, Treasurer. James D. Pike, Secretary.
Merrimac, the youngest born of the State, is a fine New England town. Its dwelling-houses are comparatively new, and among them are many beautiful and tasty residences. The streets are wide and quite well ornamented with shade-trees. It is also provided with a beautiful town hall,-a gift from one of its own citizens, William P. Sargent, Esq., of Boston. The corner-stone of the hall was laid
HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.
293
Thursday, July 27, 1876, by Right Worshipful Wyzeman Marshall, aeting grand master of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, assisted by Worshipful F. E. Jones, acting grand marshal, and Bethany Lodge, F. and A. M., of Merrimac.
The hall was finished and dedicated on Monday afternoon, Nov. 13, 1876. Hon. George B. Loring, of Salem, delivered an address, from which we extraet the following :-
" The youngest town in this Commonwealth has as yet no history, but it has an inher- itance of municipal significance and honor of which it has reason to be proud, as it turns baek and remembers its parentage ; and it has an opportunity opening before it which this event in which we are now engaged fills with hope and high promise. Not destined to pass through all the trials which beset our fathers, when they planted the church, the school-house, and the town organization in the American wilderness, Mer- rimac has stepped into line with full maturity, and in the enjoyment of rights and privileges and institutions established and matured, and in accordance with the spirit of the times, and in obedience to the genins of the American people of this age, and as a just tribute to the fathers who gave ns our blessed institutions of learning, religion, and civil rights, this attractive and commodions building has been erected here in accordance with the wishes, and indorsed by the liberality, of one of your most exem- plary, energetic, and respected sons, whose generosity will never be forgotten, whose memory will be cherished here for many generations, and whose example will, I doubt not, be followed by the enterprising and faithful who come after ns.
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