Standard history of Essex county, Massachusetts, embracing a history of the county from its first settlement to the present time, with a history and description of its towns and cities. The Most historic county of America., Part 15

Author: Tracy, Cyrus M. (Cyrus Mason), 1824-1891, et al. Edited by H. Wheatland
Publication date: 1878
Publisher: Boston, C. F. Jewett
Number of Pages: 450

USA > Massachusetts > Essex County > Standard history of Essex county, Massachusetts, embracing a history of the county from its first settlement to the present time, with a history and description of its towns and cities. The Most historic county of America. > Part 15

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But these matters were not very quietly settled in the town for a long time. Mr. Wells had many misunderstandings with the town, and both church and school appear to have languished. July 13, 1778, the town had been presented at the Court of Sessions for having no grammar school, and Isaac Merrill, Esq., and Capt. Wil- liam Bayley were sent to Salem to make the town's defence.

It hardly seems as if the town were inclined, in these days, to great liberality in matters of knowledge, either secular or spiritual. As witness the following vote, that has all the appearance of having been passed with earnestness and determination :

" 7 June, 1784. Being informed that David Tuxbury, Thos. Boardman, Jos. Adams and others are about to ereet a house for

public worship in this town, and as the meeting houses are sufficient to accommodate all the inhabitants for public worship-Therefore, Voted ; that the Selectmen remonstrate with the said David Tuxbury and others against their erecting said house for public worship, as illegal, and tending to disturb the peace and good order of the regu- lar and legal religious society in this town, and as we apprehend, contrary to the peace of the Commonwealth."

This, we suppose, may have been a Presbyterian society, that so threatened the "peace of the Commonwealth." At any rate, in a short time, Jan. 23, 1786, the town appears remonstrating vigorously against the incorporation of a Presbyterian society, and it is reason- able to think that it may have been the same. Nor had they unbroken peace at home, for among the ministers they dealt with was the Rev. Thomas Hibbert, and with him there was a good deal of tedious and embarrassing difficulty. It may be suspected that this was really the same with "Mr. Hubbard, of Kittery," who had once preached for them ; if so, there may have been unsettled accounts of some kind between them. Meanwhile, "David Tuxbury and others" died hard, for in 1796 they come again into view, petitioning the Legislature for incor- poration as a religious society ; but true to their instinets and decis- ions, " the town strongly opposed it." We hear no more of this religious contest ; and it is possible that Tuxbury and his friends gave it up, or retired to some more congenial region.

By this time, the town had been in some way districted for school purposes, and there were several school-houses in different parts. In 1796, however, that at the " Ferry District " had become dilapidated, and was replaced with a new one, costing £200. Next year, 1797, the districts were all revised.

At this time, or for some time previous, the First Church had been under charge of the Rev. Ebenezer Cleveland ; but in 1799 he was dis- missed, and the Rev. Stephen Hull became his successor. Yet, though Mr. Hull is said to have been " settled " at the above date, he was not "ordained " till 1802, when the East Parish meeting-house had been " thoroughly repaired" in the year previous, and things probably looked more encouraging. The West Parish experienced a change of pastors about the same time ; the Rev. David Smith having been dis- missed by a council in 1800, and the Rev. Samuel Mead installed in his place, in June, 1804.

Education now received a stimulus of a new and gratifying kind. Certain parties in town, conceiving a desire for a higher grade of instruction than that of the common schools, formed themselves into an Academy Company, and built an edifice for school purposes in 1805. It continued to be a successful enterprise, operating well for many years, for we do not hear that the town ever opposed its move- ments, though they could hardly have been in very close accordance with those of the common schools.

But there was no more repose for ministers and their churches in this town than in most others. Mr. Hull had worn his attachments so threadbare at the First Church by 1812, as to be dismissed that year ; but it was four years longer, or not till 1816, that a successor was found for him, and the church succeeded in installing the Rev. Benjamin Sawyer in his place. And, as was very natural, restlessness in one point led to the like in another ; and, in 1819, the Rev. Moses Welch was ordained over the Second or West Parish, taking the place of the Rev. Samuel Mead, who went we know not where.

Up to 1820, no record appears of any appropriation for support of schools, or, at least, not for a long time previous. But, that year, there was a definite appropriation of $800, which, considering the probable number of schools at that time, gave but slender gains to such as undertook to instruct the coming generation. If the ministers were no better supported, it is small wonder that, by 1826, Mr. Welch's service of seven years was over at the West Parish, and they had ordained the Rev. Peter S. Eaton as his successor, on the 20th of September. And now there was another religious incoming, against which the town does not seem to have remonstrated, though it was of

HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.

a kind more foreign to the old faith than Presbyterianism could be, and a vast deal more dangerous and subversive of it. This was the then rapidly spreading Unitarian sentiment, which had gained favor enough among the people to form an independent society, and to build a church. Over this new mission the Rev. David Damon was installed as pastor, June 25, 1828. In the same year, the inhabitants of the Mills Village had become numerous and influential enough to decide that the old First Church, which stood at the place called " Sandy Hill," was out of the way and inconvenient ; therefore, they formed a new society in that village, and left the old one to its fate. They did not, however, get fully at work for some six years longer ; but finally, March 5, 1834, they obtained an organization from a regular council, and installed their first pastor, the Rev. J. H. Towne.

School matters had now begun to improve a little. The appropria- tion crept up, in 1830, to $1,000; and. in 1831, the school committee were considered to render annual service worth six dollars, which was voted to each member. 1836 saw the school appropriation carried up to $1,500, and 1837 witnessed a vigorous effort on the part of the friends of education, to get possession of the " surplus revenne," for the creation of a permanent school fund. They did not finally snc- ceed, and, doubtless. tbe final result was much better than if they had ; for experience shows clearly that such funds only tend to remove the interests of good education from the care and affection of the people themselves.

The town was now in a growing and expanding condition in almost all respects. Another church was called for in 1835; this time at Salisbury Point Village. That is, they proposed to locate on that side of the river, and, indeed, did so ; but a large part of the congregation dwelt on the Amesbury bank, and the enterprise belonged essentially to the development of this town. They succeeded in settling a pastor at once, being the Rev. John Gunnison ; but he only stayed something like two years. And now, Mr. Sawyer, who had served at the First, or Sandy Hill Church, since 1816, ended his ministry there, and left the old church, but not to a successor. He was the last one who ever officiated in the old pulpit. By a little while after this, it was time for another change in the Second Parish, and Nov. 1, 1837, the Rev. Lucius W. Clark was settled there, the Rev. P. S. Eaton having been dismissed May 10 preceding. The new minister at the Salisbury Point Church, the Rev. James B. Hadley, arrived a little earlier, and was settled in Mr. Gunnison's place, September 20, in the same year.

No further services were held in the old Sandy Hill Church after Mr. Sawyer's retirement ; and, at length, in 1848, the house, that had witnessed the varied fortunes of eighty-seven years, was sold and demolished. Scarcely now will the place that knew it remember it more, after the lapse of thirty years since its disappearance. So pass away the landmarks of the ancient day and people, and the children forget where they were, and even doubt the voice of antiquity, when it seeks to call them again to recollection.

Improvement now seemed the order of the day, and that in earnest. In 1851, the old school-house in the Ferry District was taken down, and a new and better one erected. In 1854, the appropriation for schools went up to $2,500, having thus more than trebled itself in the thirty-four years since 1820. Then arose the most important school question proposed for a long time; such as had not, indeed, been heard of since the founding of the academy. For, in 1859, the prob- lem of a high school, so troublesome at first to every municipality, was thrust, whether they would or no, before the eyes of the voters of

Amesbury. Of all the debates that went to occupy the whole of that year, making the subject to be like a shuttlecock between the con- tending parties, we know nothing now. It is not needed that we should ; for, by another year, a decision was arrived at, and, in 1860, having increased the school appropriation to $3,100, they yielded to the march of improvement, and declared the high school established.

Then the perilons days of the Rebellion came, and little could be done or thought of save to be ready at every call for the country's service. But when these had passed by, in 1866, a method was adopted in regard to schools, that aronses a suspicion that one high school was not quite a satisfactory thing to every one. For we find them ordering, that the four grammer schools in the several villages should be made equal to high schools, and that teachers should be employed capable of teaching all branches required in a high school of the first class. It is difficult to see how anything better could have been done for any village than this, especially if the subordinate schools were brought to the same standard. And yet it was not long satisfactory, or, rather, additional measures were very soon required. The school fund went up, in 1867, to $5,000, and, in 1869, to $6,000. Then the old districts were abolished, and a new system of accommoda- tion entered on with great vigor. West Amesbury brought the first plea for relief, alleging that her house was poor, and her space but narrow. A special town-meeting was called to consider the case, which ended the matter by appropriating $8,000 to erect a high-school building in the petitioning neighborhood. The house was an casy thing to obtain when once the money was given, and it was built and put in occupation during the same season.

A second claimant now stood ready in the person of the "Ferry District." These urged their condition, in 1870, in a way that could not be resisted, though the fund, by that time, had mounted to the figure of $6,600. The Ferry people carried their vote for a new high-school house in their neighborhood also, though, by favor or necessity, they were fain to be satisfied with one costing only $7,000. With this sum they built an elegant structure, said to be an ornament to the village.

Time now ran on till 1873, when, with the school fund at $8,600, the case of the Mills Village was put in, showing that the increase of scholars there was very rapid, and larger accommodations must im- mediately be had. And, as before, the applicants were well considered by the town, and a new school-house directly rewarded their exertions, at a cost, this time, of only $5,000. We are left to suppose that the fourth district, or village, was the one first blessed with a house of this description, and had thus no special need of further application.

" And now," says the worthy annalist of the town, "since the four high schools were established in 1866, we have had most excellent schools indeed. A system of gradation has been introduced, a course of study adopted, and diplomas awarded to all who completed the course. We now have several excellent teachers in town, from among our own citizens."

Here we conclude our rather rapid notice of the pleasant country town of Amesbury. None of our facts or figures will give the impres- sion that it is a large community, or that it pretends to be. By the census of 1875, it only reckoned 3,816 for its population, and these dispersed over a somewhat expanded territory. Yet, like many other of the lesser municipalities in New England, its enterprise and its thrift have been constant and substantial, and Amesbury has, to-day, an honorable and encouraging place among her seniors as well as her juniors, in the worthy old family of the towns of Essex.

ANDOVER.

This town is a beautiful specimen of a truly New England town. It is situated on the westerly border of Essex County, and formerly included within its limits so much of the city of Lawrence as lies south of the Merrimac River, also the present town of North An- dover, and was nearly the largest town in the county. It contained, in 1830, 37,738 acres of land. The boundaries at that time were as follows ; viz., Bounded on the north north-west, ten miles, 307 rods, on the Merrimack River, the dividing line between Dracut and Methuen ; north-east, 146 rods, by the town of Bradford, - seven miles and 241 rods by Boxford ; south-east, three miles and 66 rods by the town of Middleton ; south, four miles by Reading (now North Reading), -two miles, 285 rods by Wilmington; south-west, six miles, 197 rods by Tewksbury.

Its original bounds were the Merrimac River, Rowley, Salem, Woburn, and Cambridge, which included Billerica and Tewksbury.

When the early colonists were searching for places in which to locate, Merrimae River was thoroughly explored, and found attrac- tive to the explorers. The earliest record we find concerning the locality known as Andover, was in the following order of the Court, dated Sept. 24, 1634, only four years after the settlement of Boston and Charlestown. "Those of Newtown complained of straitness for want of land, and desired leave of the Court to look out either for enlargement or removal, which was granted ; Whereupon they Sent, men to Agawam and Merrimae, and gave out they would remove " &c.

During the same year, we find a record as follows; viz., "It is ordered, that the land about Cochicewick shall be reserved for an in- land plantacon, and whosever will goe to inhabite there shall have three yeares imunity from all taxes, levyes, publique charges, & ser- vives whatsoever (military dissipline onely excepted) John Win- throp, Rich : Bellingham, & Willm Coddington, Esq are chosen a committee to licence any that they thinke meete to inhabite there, & that it shall be lawfull for noe pson to goe thither without their con- sent, or the major pte of them."

At what precise date the people of Newtown took up their abode there and commenced a settlement, does not appear. The following names of the first settlers are found upon the town records, and near- ly in the order of settlement : Mr. Bradstreet, John Osgood, Joseph Parker, Richard Barker, John Stevens, Nicholas Holt, Benjamin Woodbridge, John Frye, Edmond Faulkner, Robert Barnard, Daniel Poor, Nathan Parker, Henry Jaques, John Aslett, Richard Blake, William Ballard, John Lovejoy, Thomas Poor, George Abbott, John Russ, Andrew Allen, Andrew Foster, Thomas Chandler. Some of these men had families, and others had no wives.

They first settled near the "Cochicewick," a name given by the natives to a brook leading from Great Pond northerly to the Merri- mac, and hence the locality was known as "Coehicewick."

The order of Court reserving the land at this place, was very gen- eral in its character, like those which had passed previously, as in case of "Tri-Mountain " should be called " Boston "; " Mattapan " to be called "Dorchester"; and the town on "Charles River," " Water- town," &c. These grants or reservations made by the "Company of Massachusetts Bay," sometimes termed "India-Rubber Grants," were simply little more than a right to purchase of the natives, and then the Court confirmed the bargain. For, while the company under their charter had exclusive jurisdiction over, and general property, in the soil, yet the colonists recognized the prior claims of the occupants of the lands, and usually purchased of the leading chief of the tribes

the lands, by bill of sale or deed of release of the property. It seems the land at Cochicewick, forming the present towns of Andover and North Andover, and that part of Lawrence south of the Merrimac River, were purchased in the usual manner, by John Woodbridge, in behalf of the inhabitants, as appears in the following record of the Court.

" At a Gen'all co'te, at Boston, the 6th, 3th m., 1646. 'Cntshamache sagomore of ye Massachusets, came into ye Co'te, & acknowledged yt for ye sume of £6 and a. coate, W.eh he had already received, hee had sould to Mr John Woodbridge, in behalfe of ye inhabitants of Cochichawick, now called Andover, all his right, interest, & priviledge in ye land 6 miles southward from ye tonne, two miles eastward to Rowley bounds, be ye same more or lesse, northward to Merrimac Ryver, pvided yt ye Indian called Roger & his company may have lib'ty to take alewifes in Cochieawick River, for their onne eating ; but if they either spoyle or steale, any eorne or other fruite, to any considerable value, of ye inhabitantes there, this librty of taking fish shall forever eease ; & ye said Roger is still to enjoy foure aeres of ground where now he plants. This purchase ye Corte alowes of, & have granted ye said land to belong to ye said plantation for e, vr, to be ordred & disposed of by them, reserving liberty to ye Corte to lay two miles square of their sontherly bonnds to any tonne or village yt hereafter may be erected thereabouts, if so they See cause.'

"Cntshamache acknowledged this before ye magistrates & so ye Corte appveth thereof, & of the rest in this bill to be recorded, so as to pindice no former grant."

We next find the following statements concerning the town, only two years after the foregoing grant : -

" This year 1648, John Winthrope Esquire was chosen Governor and Thomas Dudley Esquire Deputy Governor and John Endicott Esquire Major General all three as they were the former year, the number of freeman added were about 94. About this time there was a Town founded about one or two miles distant from the place where the goodly river of Merrimae receives her branches into her own body hard upon the river of Shawshin which is one of her three chief heads; the honored Mr Simon Bradstreet taking up his last setting there, hath been a great means to further the work, it being a place well fitted for the husbandmans hand, were it not that the remoteness of the place from Towns of trade, bringeth some inconveniences upon the planters, who are inforced to carry their corn far to market; This Town is called Andover, and hath good store of land well improved for the bigness of it, they soon gathered into a church, having the reverend Mr Woodbridge to instruct them in the wayes of Christ, till he returned to England, and since have called to office the reverend Mr Deynes, for further enconragement, the promises of the Lord for protecting, providing, increasing & con- tinning even the very least of his Churches going on, according to his precepts, are abundantly manifested in his Word

" Thou Sister young, Christ is to thee a wall Of flaming fire, to hurt thee none may come In slippery paths, and dark wayes shall they fall, His Angels mnight shall chase their countless sim, Thy Shepheard with full enps and table spread, Before thy foes in Wilderness thee feeds, Increasing thy young lambs in bosom bred Of Churches by his wonder-working deeds : To countless number must Christ Churches reach, The days at hand, both Jew & Gentile shall Come crowding in his Churches. Christ to preach, And last aye, none can cause them to fall."

The colonial government occupied a twofold position in its dealing with the settlers upon the unoccupied lands, one by which a title to these lands was granted, and the other in the powers which they con- ferred, and in the duties imposed upon them as bodies politic.

Grants of land were often made in anticipation of an early settle- ment, and, when formed, certain corporate powers were conferred upon them, in very brief acts ; acts of incorporation to specified localities were granted conditionally, and certain obligations were imposed upon them, such as the support of the gospel, maintenance of highways, support of free schools, &e.

Whenever a person moved into town and became a resident, the town sold him land by vote, and he became a " commoner" or pro-

HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.

prictor. The land was divided among the first settlers in proportion to the taxes paid by each, and their divisions recorded in the town records. Thus matters were arranged till 1715, when the proprietors, considering themselves distinct from the town, they began to keep their records as "Proprietors." The first divisions of land were small, very few exceeding ten acres. Ploughlands were granted at a distance in small lots on the plains, and were casy of tillage ; swamp or meadow for hay ; and woodland at a distance, which rendered the farms very inconvenient.

The first proprietors raised their town rates on their lots until 1681. Then they agreed among themselves, and all that were then house- holders, to raise all town charges by heads and their ratable estates ; and every man was to possess all town privileges, and also to have an interest in the common lands, according to what tax he paid. On the eighth day of March, 1702, a committee was appointed by the pro- prietors, in general town meeting, for settling and revising the agree- ment of the proprietors, and making a correct list of the names of the proprietors, as these were not placed on the records in 1681. The following persons constituted the committee : Capt. Christopher Osgood, Lieut. John Osgood, Lieut. John Barker, Mr. Dudley Bradstreet, and Ensign John Aslebe. Here follows their report, which was accepted and passed at the town meeting.

" Whereas, There was formerly a vote of the town upon the alter- ation of the way of collecting our town rates, that all such as were then house-holders shall upon the consideration of the proportion they bear to said charges, be privileged in all regards as free commoners in the Town of Andover, and to enjoy all the privileges upon all divisions of land or other occasions according to the burthen of their particular taxes ; and whereas the vote not being duly entered in the records of our town, it has been since irrecoverably lost ; It is now voted and passed that those whose names are underwritten be every way advan- taged and privileged according to what is above expressed as the sub- stance of said former vote.

"A List of the Names of the Proprietors, according to the Town Vote : Mr. Simon Bradstreet, Capt. John Osgood, Mr. Francis Dane, Nich- olas Holt, Sr., Joseph Parker, Richard Barker, Sr., John Stephens, Sr., John Frye, Sr., Thomas Chandler, John Aslehe, Heury Ingalls, Daniel Poor, Nathan Parker, Solomon Martin, Thomas Farnum. Wil- liam Ballard, Andrew Allen, Andrew Foster, Sr., John Lovejoy, Sr., William Chandler, Sr., Robert Barnard, Mr. Edmond Faulkner, John Russ, Sr., George Ahbott, Sr., George Abbott, Jr., Thomas Poor, Thomas Johnson, Ralph Farnum, John Frye, Jr., Samuel Blanchard, Mark Graves, Thomas Rowell, John Johnson, Robert Russell, John Stevens, Jr., Timothy Stevens, Andrew Foster, Jr., Stephen John- son, Nathan Stevens, Job Tyler, John Bridges, Joseph Parker, Christopher Osgood, Ephraim Foster, William Barker, Alexander Sessions, Lawrence Lacy, Joseph Robinson, John Faulkner, Samuel Ingalls, Ebenczer Barker, John Maston, Jr., Henry Ingalls, Jr., Edward Whittingham, alias William Abbott, Nicholas Nichols, John Preston, John Abbott, George Abbott, William Blunt, Zachariah Ayer, alias Robert Russell, Joseph Wilson, Lient. John Barker, John Parker, John Maston, Sr., Lient. John Osgood, John Farnum, Sr., Timothy Johnson, Stephen Barnard, Nathaniel Dane, Thomas Abbott, Ephraim Stevens, Joseph Stevens, Stephen Parker, John Granger, Benjamin Frye, Samuel Frye, James Frye, Walter Wright, Hugh Stone, Joseph Ballard, Samuel Holt, Henry Holt, John Russ, Jr., Samuel Mar- ble, Joseph Marble, Samuel Preston, Daniel Bixby, James Holt, John Chandler, Nicholas Holt, Jr., Samuel Phelps, William Johnson, William Lovejoy, William Ballard, Jr., Robert Gray, Hope Tyler, alias Joseph Parker, Samuel Hutchinson, John Lovejoy, Jr., and Moses Haggett."

We again find an additional list of names to the above proprietors, as follows : " At a legal Town Meeting, ordered by a warrant from one of her majesty's Justices of the Peace, in order to the voting in of more proprietors in the town, which was on the 28th day of January, in the year 1713-14 -

" Whereas. The original purchase of the land of this town was made by Mr. John Woodbridge in behalf of the inhabitants of said town, and confirmed to us by the General Court in the year 1646: and whereas the said town at all times since their first settlement laid out and divided at their several meetings, managed regulated, settled, and disposed of the land as they saw meet, as may be seen by the votes and records of the said town, and more especially as there was just cause and reason, enlarged and added to the number of proprie- tors or the inhabitants to be invested in the common land of the said town, as may be seen by a record of the said town voted in the month of March, 1702. The said town now taking into their consideration, that there are a considerable number of inhabitants and frecholders of the said town, that were not at the meeting aforesaid admitted or voted proprietors who on many accounts deserve claims and are justly enti- tled thereunto ; The said town do therefore now see cause to vote in and add to their former list of proprietors the persons whose name- are in the list underwritten,-These were voted to he privileged in all regards together with those that were voted in March the 8th 1702. William Foster, Samuel Osgood, William Chandler, Ebenezer Frye, Timothy Osgood, Zebadiah Chandler, James Bridges, Nathaniel Abbott, William Lovejoy, Jr., Samnel Peters, Benjamin Abbot, Jonathan Abbot, Joseph Chandler, Francis Dane, Joseph Chandler, Jr., Henry Chandler, Richard Barker, Joseph Osgood, Josiah Chandler, Stephen Barnard, Benjamin Russell, Nathaniel Abbott, Jr., James Barnard, Henry Holt, Jr., Joseph Preston, Robert Barnard, Paul Holt, Daniel Kimball, Samuel Preston, Jr., Nathaniel Frye, John Carleton, Jr., Joseph Parker, Ralph Farnum, Henry Farnum, Thomas Holt, Edward Gray, Simon Stone, Braviter Gray, John Russell, Samuel Phelps, Joseph Phelps, Hezikiah Ballard, Josiah Ingalls, Richard Barker, Jr., Thomas Chandler, Robert Gray, Jacob Maston, Thomas Carrier, Sr., Thomas Carrier, Jr., Thomas Abbott, Jr., John Holt, John Poor, Daniel Poor, Thomas Russell, Daniel Faulkner, Samuel Austin, Ham- borough Blunt, William Wardwell, Samuel Barker, Joseph Ballard, John Abbott, Jr., John Osgood, Jr., Joseph Emery, Joseph Wright, John Barnard, Uriah Ballard, Oliver Holt, Moses Holt, John Ingalls, John Farnum, Jr., James Stevens, Nathan Stevens, Jr., Abiel Stevens, Benjamin Stevens, Jr., David Stevens, Daniel Robinson, Samuel Stevens, Ebenezer Osgood, Jeremiah Osgood, Joseph Maston, George Abbott, Jr., Joseph Osgood, Mephibosheth Bixby, John Barker, Jr., Nehemiah Abbott, Jonathan Farnum, John Abbott, Jr., Daniel Abbott, William Barker, Jr., Hannaniah Barker, John Barker, Sr., Samuel Barker, Jr., Nicholas Holt, Jr., Jacob Preston, Timothy Moar, James Holt, Ebenezer Russell, Josiah Holt, Samuel Blunt, John Carlton, Sr., George Holt, John Foster, Ebenezer Lovejoy, Joseph Lovejoy, Jou- athan Blanchard, Samuel Farnum, David Abbott, Ephraim Foster, Jr., Samuel Smith, Ephraim Abbott, Henry Lovejoy, John Chandler, Jr., Thomas Chandler, Jr., Thomas Johnson, Jr., Ezekiel Osgood, Till- othy Abbott, James Farnum, Joseph Abbott, Joseph Foster, Phile- man Chandler, and Christopher Lovejoy."

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Standard history of Essex county, Massachusetts, embracing a history of the county from its first settlement to the present time, with a history and description of its towns and cities. The Most historic county of America., Part 15

Author: Tracy, Cyrus M. (Cyrus Mason), 1824-1891, et al. Edited by H. Wheatland Publication date: 1878 Publisher: Boston, C. F. Jewett Number of Pages: 450

Author: Tracy, Cyrus M. (Cyrus Mason), 1824-1891, et al. Edited by H. Wheatland
Publication date: 1878
Publisher: Boston, C. F. Jewett
Number of Pages: 450