The pre-revolutionary Irish in Massachusetts, 1620-1775, Part 12

Author: Donovan, George Francis, 1901-
Publication date: 1932
Publisher: [Menasha, Wis.] : [George Banta Pub. Co.]
Number of Pages: 340


USA > Massachusetts > The pre-revolutionary Irish in Massachusetts, 1620-1775 > Part 12


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'" Clemens, American Marriages Before 1699, p. 64.


" Vital Records of Medfield, pp. 42, 43. W. Tilden, History of the Town of Medfield, p. 257.


6% Ibid., p. 3.


ro Vital Records of Medford, pp. 96, 97.


") Ibid., pp. 213, 218, 240, 370.


" Ibid., p. 3.


62 Ibid., pp. 463, 464.


" Vital Records of Medway, p. 226.


" Vital Records of Mendon, pp. 111, 121, 257, 272, 333, 246.


cs Ibid., p. 354. Early Massachusetts Marriages, Book I, p. 17.


( Ibid., p. 453.


67 Ibid., p. 3.


" A. Ballon, History of the Town of Milford, pp. 887, 888.


" Clemens, American Marriage Before 1699, p. 184.


124 THIE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISII IN MASSACHUSETTS


10 Vital Records of New Braintree, pp. 17, 77.


71 Vital Records of Newton, pp. 281, 369, 370.


72 Ibid., p. 3.


73 J. Temple, History of North Brookfield, pp. 201, 203, 542, 543. "Father Rolle's War" is the name given to a conflict which broke out in 1722-1724 between the New England settlers and the Indians. Father Rasles was falsely charged with inciting the Indians to war.


" G. Daniels, History of Town of Oxford, p. 628.


15 Ibid., p. 513. Ibid., p. 578.


17 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, XIII, p. 73.


78 Vital Records of Roxbury, I, p. 230.


7º Ibid., II, p. 587.


60 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, XXIX, p. 301. . A genealogical table of the Marcy family down to 1875 appears on pages 301-314.


81 Op. cit., I, pp. 70, 111, 217, 226, 304.


62 Ibid., II, pp. 93, 97, 132, 148, 299, 351.


13 Ibid., pp. 480, 580, 602.


64 Ibid., I, p. 4.


hå Vital Records of Rutland, pp. 173, 221, 229.


80 Ibid., p. 3.


87 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, xx, pp. 233, 234. Vital Records of Shirley, pp. 28, 43, 68.


6º Ibid., p. 3.


Vital Records of Shrewsbury, pp. 23, 176, 185, 193.


" Ibid., p. 5.


02 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, XIII, pp. 45-47.


W3 Vital Records of Spencer, pp. 34-36, 148.


" See footnote 125.


15 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, LXIII, p. 101.


w Op. cit., p. 3.


97 Vital Records of Stoneham, p. 20.


os Ibid., p. 4.


" Vital Records of Stow, p. 3.


100 Ibid., pp. 30, 31; 174, 198, 238.


101 Vital Records of Sturbridge, pp. 100, 110, 114, 172, 230.


102 Ibid., p. 3.


103 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, LX, pp. 357, 358.


104 Ibid., LVII, pp. 259-309, 362-370.


105 Vital Records of Sudbury, pp. 29, 316.


100 Ibid., pp. 29, 34, 35, 103, 129, 131.


10 Ibid., pp. 179, 182, 190, 235.


10% Ibid., p. 3.


14 Benedict and Tracy, History of the Town of Sutton, p. 23.


110 Ibid., p. 682.


111 Ibid., pp. 778-780.


125


CENTRAL AND WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS


112 Vital Records of Tewksbury, pp. 23, 77, 122, 201.


113 Ibid., pp. 77, 153.


114 Ibid., p. 4.


115 Vital Records of Uxbridge, pp. 61, 99, 106, 108, 221, 240.


116 Ibid., p. 3.


117 Vital Records of Walpole, p. 3.


118 Ibid., pp. 29, 138.


119 I. Lewis, A History of Walpole, pp. 106, 107.


Vital Records of Waltham, p. 3.


121 Ibid., p. 63.


22 Ibid., p. 198.


123 JVital Records of Warren, pp. 96, 116.


24 Ibid., p. 3.


125 Watertown Records, IV, p. 100.


120 Ibid., IV, p. 132. 127 Ibid., IV, p. 133. 12% Ibid., II, 51.


1.0 Ibid., III, p. 75.


130 Ibid., II, p. 291.


131 Ibid., III, pp. 123, 124.


132 Ibid., IV, p. 184.


133 Ibid., III, p. 175.


134 Vital Records of Wayland, pp. 61, 133.


135 Vital Records of Westford, p. 30.


136 Ibid., p. 4.


137 New England Historie and Genealogical Register, II, pp. 355, 356.


138 Ibid., II, pp. 358-360. There are genealogical tables of the Buter family down to about 1842 in Ibid., II, pp. 358-360; I, pp. 73-76, 353-358. 130 Ibid., II, p. 270.


140 WVoburn Record of Deaths, p. 47.


141 Collections of Worcester Society of Antiquity, XII, pp. 43, 65, 171, 177, 192, 233.


1 12 Ibid., pp. 319, 320, 258, 373, 374, 428.


143 A History of the Irish Settlers in North America, p. 37.


144


Holland, History of Western Massachusetts, II, p. 310.


115 Vital Records of Chester, pp. 43, 127.


1 feb Holland, op. cit., II, pp. 183, 184.


147 New England Historie and Genealogical Register, LXXIII, pp. 246-260. 1" Holland, History of Western Massachusetts, II, pp. 336, 337. 149 G. Sheldon, A History of Deerfield, pp. 37, 92.


150 Ibid., II, p. 153.


151 Vital Records of Deerfield, pp. 37, 92.


152


Ibid., pp. 166, 183, 193.


153 Ibid., II, p. 8.


154 Ibid., II, p. 265. 155 Vital Records of Deerfield, p. 3.


Vital Records of Granville, p. 229.


126 THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISH IN MASSACHUSETTS


157 Ibid., p. 3.


138 S. Judd, History of Hadley, pp. 340, 341.


159 A History of the Irish Settlers in North America, p. 36.


100 Appleton's Cyclopaedia of American Biography, IV, p. 271.


161 M. Lovering, History of the Town of Holland, p. 450.


102 Smith and Smith, History of Middlefield, Massachusetts, p. 496.


163 Vital Records of New Salem, p. 25.


10+ Ibid., p. 4.


166 Nezy England Historic and Genealogical Register, xx, p. 133.


166 Vital Records of Palmer, pp. 32, 54.


107 Ibid., pp. 113, 122, 126, 189.


Ibid., pp. 225, 236.


160 Ibid., pp. 85-88, 197.


170 Ibid., p. 3. C


171 Vital Records of Pelham, pp. 23, 58, 59.


172 Ibid., pp. 96, 97, 102, 117.


273 Ibid., p. 3.


17+ H. Burt, First Century of the History of Springfield, pp. 44, 315, 388, 419.


175 Ibid., pp. 600, 601.


170 Clemens, American Marriages Before 1699, p. 63.


171 Vital Record of Tyringham, p. 23.


178 Vital Records of Williamstown, p. 51.


17 Ibid., pp. 97-102, 133.


180 Ilistorical Collections of Essex Institute, XVIII, pp. 95, 99.


CHAPTER IV


KING PHILIP'S WAR AND THE IRISH DONATION


1. KING PHILIP'S WAR


The Irish race both in Massachusetts and in Ireland contributed in large measure to the successful conduct of King Philip's War (1675-1676) and this in two ways, by furnishing soldiers and by rendering financial and other assistance to the distressed New Englanders.


In a lengthy list of soldiers who served in the War compiled by C. M. Bodge and bearing the title "Soldiers in King Philip's War"1 are found numerous names of distinct Irish origin. Bodge arranges his lists according to the order they were in when he found them in the Massachusetts archives, by military company or regiment, by town or county. There are many repetitions, but it is impossible to detect all of them because of the many spellings which a single name may have.


The first group, two hundred and eighty soldiers, have five names of probable Irish origin, Ebenezer Owen, Daniel Keniday, Walter Cohane, Dennis Siby and Patrick Morren,2 a percentage of .017. Another group of two hundred also counts five Irish- men, Richard Brian, Daniel Magenis, Hugh Callohue, John Casey and Daniel Canada,3 a percentage of .025. Five Irishmen again appear in another list of two hundred and eighty-three soldiers, a percentage of .017, Benjamin Moore, Henry Kenny, Joseph Moore, Matthew Griffin and Samuel Moore being the soldiers of probable Irish extraction.4 John Kennedys, James and Joshuah Hughes are in a company of one hundred and forty, making a percentage of .021.5 In a group of ninety-six two Irishmen are found, Daniel Maginnis and James Kelling, a percentage of .02,6 while in another company of eighty not one Irish name is dis- cernible.7 A larger group of two hundred and twenty-two con- tains only two Irishmen, Edmond Moore and Steven Butler, mak- ing the very low percentage of .009.8 In another company of three


128 THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISH IN MASSACHUSETTS


hundred and fifty-four there are four Irishmen, James Brarly, Richard Bryar, John Rily and Stephen Butler, a percentage of .011.º Four Irishmen, all mentioned in previous lists are in a group of one hundred and seventy, a percentage of .023.10 There were four Irish soldiers again, this time in a company of two hundred and sixteen, making a percentage of .018,11 Philip Butler, Philip Walsh, Thomas Kenney and James Briarly being the soldiers of Irish extraction. In another group of one hundred and eighty, there was not a single Irishman.12 Five Irishmen appear in a company roll of one hundred and fifty-two, Patrick Moroane, Alexander McKenney, John Casey (servant), James Butler and Patrick Moraine, a percentage of .032.13 Thomas Moore was the only Irishman in a list of fourteen soldiers, making a percentage of .07.14 A percentage of .031 is obtained for another company of sixty-four, of whom two were Irishmen, Philip Butler and Richard Bryan.15 In another list of one hundred and three, two Irish names, both repetition make a percentage of .019.16 Three Irishmen, James Dalvine, Joseph Moore and Richard Burk, con- stitute a percentage of .034 out of a total role of eighty-seven.17


The remaining groups of soldiers average many more in num- ber than the preceding lists. Thus one company, numbering two hundred and seventy soldiers, has eight Irishmen, Robert Briant, Joseph Lyon, Joseph Griffin, James Callen, Thomas Briant, Thomas Lyon, John Largin, John Hughes and a possible ninth, Hugh Galiko, (?) a percentage of .033.18


In another group of three hundred and thirty-two there are six Irishmen, George Hewes, Thomas Lyon, Robert Bryan, Joseph Griffin, Samuel Griffen and John Doud, a percentage of .018.19 Another company of two hundred and thirty-eight soldiers shows a percentage of Irish of .021, their names, Benjamin Collins, Thomas Brian, John Hues, Dennis Syby and Patrick Morrene.20 There are seven Irishmen or a percentage of .03 in a group of two hundred and twenty-eight, to wit, James Kellon, Joseph Syll, John Oyne, Daniel Magennis, Richard Griffin, Daniel Maginis and Thomas Dawby.21 Eight Irishmen are in a list of two hundred and forty-four making a percentage of .032, the Irish soldiers being Jonathan Moore, Joseph Collins, Joseph Lyon, Dennis Siby, Joseph Walters, Jeremiah Conah, Henry Kenny and Alexander Mecanny.22 The last list was an unusually long one comprising


129


KING PHILIP'S WAR AND THE IRISH DONATION


eight hundred and eighty soldiers, of whom twenty-three were Irishmen, making a percentage of .026. Their names were Sil- vester Haies, John Maloone, John Largin, Thomas Bryant, Rich- ard Griffeth, Thomas Owen, Charles Cohan, Alexander Mac- kenny, Daniel Meginny, Samuel Moore, Joseph Griffin, Brian


TABLE XVI. TOTAL NUMBER OF SOLDIERS, NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF IRISH SOLDIERS, IN KING PHILIP'S WAR (1675-1676), BASED ON SELECTED COLONIAL MILITARY LISTS


List


Number of Soldiers


Number of Irish Percentage of Irish Soldiers Soldiers


1


280


5


.017


2


200


5


.025


C


3


283


5


.017


4


140


3


.021


5


96


2


.020


6


80


0


.000


7


222


2


.009


8


354


4


.011


9


170


4


.023


10


216


4


.018


11


180


0


.000


12


152


5


032


13


14


1


.070


14


64


2


.031


15


103


2


.019


16


87


3


.034


17


270


9


.033


18


332


6


.018


19


238


5


.021


20


228


7


.030


21


244


8


.032


22


880


23


.026


Total


4893


Total


105


Average .021


Morphy, Isaac Griffin, George Lyon, Nathaniel Lyon Hugh Clark, John Griffin, John Moore, Henry Kenny, James Kelling, John Oynes, John Malloone and William Butler.23


In order to make clearer Irish participation in King Philip's War a table showing the total numbers engaged, together with the number of Irish and their percentage in the colonial army is herewith, subjoined.


Reference to Irish participants in King Philip's War are fairly


on 130


THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISH IN MASSACHUSETTS


numerous. A Thomas Killom served in a company from Ipswich,24 while a John Casey, servant of Thomas Gardiner of Boston, was wounded in the War.25 Thomas and William Folland, probably of Irish origin, were from Yarmouth.26 One unfortunate case was that of Robert Beers of Rehoboth, who was slain by the Indians March 28, 1676. Beers "was an Irishman" and a brick maker by trade. It was said that he was a deeply religious, but eccentric and superstitious man, who, on the approach of the Indians, re- fused to go into the garrison house, but sat down in his own house with his Bible in his hand, believing that while he continued to read the sacred book nothing could harm him. He was shot through the window as he held the Bible in his hands. His name . is the only one on the town records of a person who was killed at this period by the Indians on that particular occasion.27 There was also a Daniel Beers in Rehoboth, who was among those who gave sums of money for the prosecution of the War, his con- tribution being 173.8d.28


2. THE IRISH DONATION


The Irish Donation is a term applied to the relief in the form of money, food and other supplies which was sent in 1676 by residents of Dublin, Ireland, to the inhabitants of New England, in great distress as a result of the havoc wrought by the Indians in King Philip's War. Palfrey, the New England historian, does not give much attention to the matter merely mentioning it in four lines in which he writes of "relief, to the amount of nearly a thousand pounds."29 A contemporary, the Reverend John Eliot, wrote on September 26, 1676 in a more generous spirit, saying that "Dublin in Ireland sent a gracious gift of charity to relieve such as suffered in or late war, the ship arrived y' day at night the master was at Boston on the Sabbath."30


The Irish background will indicate more clearly the relation between Ireland and the New England colonists. In 1675 and 1676 Reverend Nathaniel Mather, to whom credit is given for the initiation and execution of the relief plan including the send- ing of the relief ship, was pastor of a church in Dublin, Ireland. Nathaniel was the son of Richard Mather and the brother of Increase, who was at that time pastor of the North church in Boston.31 Money was raised in Dublin and vicinity for the ex-


131


KING PHILIP'S WAR AND THE IRISH DONATION


pedition. According to the original plans Boston was to receive 363 Lbs. 3s. and Plymouth 124 Lbs. 10s. in money, while 450 Lbs. was to be paid for the freight, making a total of 937 Lbs. 13s.32 This was a large sum for those days; but when news of the condition of the New Englanders came to Dublin informing the Dublinites that twelve towns in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut had been destroyed, six hundred buildings burned to the ground, and six hundred persons killed, or one man in eleven able to bear arms had been slain and one house in eleven had been burned to ashes, Irish generosity was not to be out- done.


The text of the message which accompanied the relief ship Katherine was as follows


In behalf of the contributors to this present releife sent to the distressed persons in New England by the Good ship call'd the Katherine of Dublin, it is desired.


1) That Mr. William Ting, Mr. James Oliver and John Hull, or as many of them as shall bee alive receive into their hands the whole cargoe by the Invoice sent herewith, and sell so much of it as to advance four hundred and fifty pound sterl, which they are to pay for the freight according to the charter party as appears more fully thereby.


2) That the remainder be given to the poor dis- tressed by the late warr with the Indians; wherein wee desire that an equall respect bee had to all godly psons agreeing in fundamentals of faith & order that godly Antipcodobaptists bee not excluded ; wych wee the rather thus perticularly insert because sundry reports have come hither suggesting that godly psons of the pswason have been severely dealth withal in New England, & also because divers of that pswasion in this Citty have freely & very consider- ably concurred in advancing this releife.


3) That it bee divided between the three united colonys of Plymouth, Massachusetts and Connecticot in such pportions as the Coma of y" said colonys shall adjust. Or if they shall not be sitting at Boston between the Arrival & ye distribuson of it that then it be left to the Governour or deputy


132


THIE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISH IN . MASSACHUSETTS


Governor & Magistrate of the Massachusetts dwelling in Boston, Charlestowne, Cambridge, Watertowne, Dorchester and Roxbury to order the distribuson of it in such pportions to the sd colonys as they shall judge equall and Impartiall. And that the said Magistrats of the Six townes aforsd to with the Governour and deputy Governour of the Massachusets order the disposall of that part which shall belong to their colony to be made by ye Merchants to whom it is consigned or any other as they shall think fit.


4) That if any of ye Indians in New England who have adhered to the English in the present Warr bee brought to distress by their barbarous country men we desyre that they may be no means bee forgotten, but share, respect being had to their condiccon in this present reliefe : Es- pecially those of them that are of ye household of faith wee desyre may be singularly regarded.


5) That those English who possibly live not in any patents and jurisdicons aforsd, if in necessity and distress, be not Excluded from pertaking in This Supply.


6) That what is sent to the Colonys of Plymouth and Connecticot be disposed of as the Governour and any two Magistrats of ye sd colonys shall order.


7) That the Merchants to whom it is consigned and who shall receive the same, bee accountable to the Governour of the Massachusets and the Magistrats that dwell in Boston, Charlestown, Cambridge, Watertowne, Roxbury and Dorchester concerning the whole Cargoe that they shall re- ceive and their disposal of it.


8) That is these above written Suggestions of our desiree through our unacquaintedness with the present Condition and Circumstances which that country may possibly bee in do not comport with the end desyned weh is the releife of the poor distressed in their present exigencies wee leave 11 to the Wisdome and Integrity of the above named Magistrates of Massachusets to vary therefrom as


133


KING PHILIP'S WAR AND THE IRISH DONATION


they shall find necessary in order to the Charitable end designed of relieving those that are in Distress. Dublin Aug't 7th 1676.


Nath Mather


Will Keyes


Will: Jaque


Robt : Chambury


Tho: Harrison


Timothie Taylor


Sam'll Bonnett Sem Coxe"33


The scope of the disturbance which was subsequently made is readily seen from an account of "People Distressed by the War in Massachusetts Colony, taken January 22, 1677." This docu- ment contains a table showing the towns, number of families and persons aided and the amount of money given for the relief of each town.


TABLE XVII. TOWNS, NUMBER OF FAMILIES, AND NUMBER OF PERSONS, IN THE MASSACHUSETTS COLONY, AIDED BY THE "IRISH CHARITY" OF 1676, AND THE SUM APPORTIONED TO EACH TOWN.


Town


Number of Families


Number of Persons


£


S. D.


Boston


116


402


60


6


0


Salem


61


295


44


5


0


Sudbury


12


48


7


4


0


Marblehead


45


185


27


5


0


Cambridg


14


61


9


3


0


Dorchester


6


21


3


3


0


Rowly


4


12


1


16


0


Lyn


9


36


5


8


0


Oburn (Woburn)


8


43


6


9


0


Billerica


1


4


0


12


0


Andover


1


5


0


15


0


York


17


53


7


19


0


Manchester


3


9


1


7


0


Dover


5


15


2


5


0


Watertown


19


76


11


8


0


Concord


18


72


10


16


0


Weymouth


6


24


3


12 :


0


Milton


3


9


1


7


0


Roxbury


9


36


5


8


0


Portsmouth


20


90


13


10


0


Hull


4


16


2


8


0


Kittery old


7


27


4


1


0


134 THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISHI IN MASSACHUSETTS


TABLE XVII (continued)


Toren


Number of Families


Number of Persons


£


S. D.


Kittery new


7


27


4


1


0


Charlestown


29


102


15


6


0


Deadham


8


36


5


8


0


Chettinford


11


44


6


12


0


Hingham


4


12


1


16


0


Gloster


1


6


0


18


0


Ipswitch


1


6


0


18


0


Newbury


3


12


1


16


0


Topsfield


1


6


0


18


0


Brentry


9


36


5


8


0


Beverly


9


36


5


8


0


Hampton


2


12


1


16


0


Meadfield


19


71


11


8


0


Malden


14


52


7


16


0


Mudyriver


1


7


1


1


0


Wenham


3


12


1


16


0


Total-38 (towns)


510


1921


(for nine towns


not in list


370


54


0


0


2291


(Additions to Boston


30


6


0


0


-


-


2321


363


3


034


C


In the same month January, 1677, a letter was sent by the secretary of the Colony to Dean Taylor and Paul Dudley stating that "You are ordered to deliver unto the select men of the several towns mentioned in list the sums apportioned to them herein. In meal, oatmeal, wheat, malt at 185 per ball, butter 6 d and cheese 4 d per pound out of the Irish charity in your hands, whose several receipts for so much shall be your discharge.


This order above written was passed by the Govnor and mag- istrates this 25th January 1677 for the distribution of the Irish Charity according to the lists on the other side as


Ottest Edward Rawson, Secretary, By their order."35


Boston, where a destructive fire broke out on November 27, 1676, consuming many "dwelling houses, rich shops and ware- houses"36 welcomed the relief with sincere appreciation. On Janu-


135


KING PHILIP'S WAR AND THE IRISHI DONATION


ary 23, 1677, Boston received the following Irish provision : thirty- eight barrels of oatmeal, twenty-five barrels of wheat and "oat- meal", two barrels of wheat, five barrels of "mault", all at 18 s a barrel, and one caske of butter valued at "3 1d [ ?]," the cost of all products amounting to sixty-six pounds.37


The distribution of supplies in the Plymouth colony was carried TABLE XVIII. TOWNS IN PLYMOUTH COLONY, AIDED BY THE "IRISH DONA- TION," MEMBERS OF COMMITTEES, AND SUM APPORTIONED TO EACH TOWN.35


Name of Town


Amount


Committee of Distribution


£


S.


D.


Plymouth


8


00


00


Leib Norton, Joseph Warren, William Crow.


Duxborrow


2


00


00


Josiah Standish,


William Paybody.


Scituate


12


00


00


Major Cudworth, Cornett


Studson, Edward Jenkins.


Taunton


10


00


00


William Harvey, James Walk- er, John Richmond.


Swansey


21


00


00


Mr. Browne, John Butterworth


Meddle Berrey


10


00


Francis Cambe, Isack Howard.


Eastham


00


10


00


Captain Freeman


Yarmouth


00


10


00


John Thacher


Barnstable


3


00


00


Mr. Huchkens, Barnabas Lay- throp.


Dartmouth


22


00


00


John Cook, John Smith, John Russell


Rehoboth


32


00


00


Nathaniel Paine, Leift Hunt.


Marshfield


2


00


00


Daniel Smith, Ensigns Eames,


Anthony Snow.


Bridgwater


7


00


00


Elder Brett, Deacon Willis, Samuel Edson.


Total-13 towns 124


10


00


on in a similar manner. The letter of March 1677 declared : "The order and. distribution of this Collonies ptc of the contribution made by divers Christians in Ireland for the releiffe of such as are impoverished destressed and in nessesitie by the late Indian War was, as it respects this Collonie Proportioned as follow- eth ;. . . "37


Connecticut, although entitled to a share in the relief, wrote to


5


-


-


136


THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISH IN MASSACHUSETTS


Massachusetts in May 1677 that she was well situated and that "God has given supplies to our people ; we remit to you our right in the Irish charity."39 The General Court meeting in May 1677 enacted the following act : "The Court, upon good reason moving them, do remit their part of the Irish Charity, to the distressed persons in the Massachusetts Colony and Plymouth."39 So Con- necticut accordingly relinquished her portion to the two colonies which had suffered so much more from the war.


REFERENCES CHAPTER IV.


1 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, XXXVII, XXXVIII, XL, XLI, XLIII.


2 Ibid., XXXVII, pp. 61-76.


" Ibid., XXXVII, pp. 170-189.


4 Ibid., XXXVII, pp. 278-285.


5 Ibid., XXXVII, pp. 302-375.


" Ibid., xxxVIII, pp. 34-46.


" Ibid., XXXVIII, pp. 217-225.


" Ibid., XXXVIII, pp. 325-339.


" Ibid., XxxVIII, pp. 429-444. 1 Ibid., XXXVIII, pp. 74-78. Ibid., XXXVIII, pp. 175-179.


12 Ibid., XXXVIII, pp. 255-260.


13 Ibid., XXXVIII, pp. 378-383.


14 Ibid., XL, p. 93.


15 Ibid., XL, p. 191.


10 Ibid., XL, pp. 313-320.


17 Ibid., XL, pp. 391-406.


18 Ibid., XLI, pp. 70-80.


1º Ibid., XLI, pp. 201-218.


20 Ibid., XLI, pp. 271-278.


21 Ibid., XLI, pp. 402-410.


22 Ibid., XLI, pp. 94-102.


" Ibid., XLIII, pp. 259-279.


24 T. Waters, Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Part I, p. 221.


25 J. Winsor, The Memorial History of Boston, I, p. 323.


20 F. Freeman, The History of Cape Cod, II, p. 193.


27 L. Bliss, The History of Rehoboth, p. 96.


2% Ibid., p. 117.


20 History of New England, III, pp. 230-231.


30 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, XXXIII, p. 414.


81 Ibid., II, p. 245.


32 Ibid., II, pp. 246, 247.


----


137


KING PHILIP'S WAR AND THE IRISH DONATION


83 Ibid., II, pp. 247, 248. From Old Colony Records by Charles Deane. Ibid., II, p. 249.


35 Ibid., II, p. 250. Collections of the New Hampshire Historical Society, III, pp. 101, 102.


" D. P. Corey, The History of Malden, pp. 328, 329.


37 Seventh Report of the Record Commissioners of the City of Boston, p. 107.


3 New England Historic and Genealogical Register, II, pp. 248, 249. From Old Colony Records by Charles Deane. F. Freeman, The History of Cape Cod, p. 294.


* Ibid., II, pp. 398, 399.


SUMMARY


The importance of the Pre-Revolutionary Irish in Massachus- etts can be best summed up by giving conclusions based upon Irish activities in these fields ; political, economic, educational, re- ligious, military and numerical.


In political life a small but energetic group was recognized. Donnell, as early as 1692, was a member of the colonial govern- ment, while Florence Maccarty and John Hancock were promint ent in the politics of the eighteenth century. Filling minor roles were Caleb Butler, town clerk of Nottingham and John Riley, a fence viewer. On the whole Irish political activity in colonial Massachusetts was not in any way prophetic of the intense and aggressive political life under Irish domination which was to come in the twentieth century.


Many Irishmen became men of means in the new colony, in- cluding Jolin Cogan, William Hibbins, Teag Crohoar, Thaddeus Maccarty, all of Boston. Outside of the town were Jeremiah Smith, John Hannan, John Neil, John Conn and the Valentine family (of Boston also). Poverty was a common condition ac- companying the Irish immigrant, a fact amply proved by the many cases of stranded Irish seamen and indentured Irish servants and by the Irish Charitable Society formed to assist deserving Irish persons in the town of Boston.




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