The pre-revolutionary Irish in Massachusetts, 1620-1775, Part 4

Author: Donovan, George Francis, 1901-
Publication date: 1932
Publisher: [Menasha, Wis.] : [George Banta Pub. Co.]
Number of Pages: 340


USA > Massachusetts > The pre-revolutionary Irish in Massachusetts, 1620-1775 > Part 4


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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On June 29, 1753, the schooner Patience arrived in Boston from Halifax. Some fourteen persons bearing Irish names were aboard, all being fishermen and all giving "Hallyfax" as their place of


31


PLYMOUTH AND BOSTON


residence. However, the latter statement is disputed as Halifax was probably only a stopping place. They were Patrick Power, David Dunn, Patrick Phealen, Micheal Nevil, Phillip Ryan, John Ryan, Edmond Magrath, John Cuff, Thomas Glody, Hugh Keen, Richard Power, Thomas Power, James Cosquer and Thomas Fitz- gearld.191 In 1753 an unfortunate affair resulted in the murder of an Irishman by a compatriot. A pamphlet was published entitled The last Speech and Dying words of William Welch, 23 years of age, who was executed at Boston in New England, on the 11th day of April 1754, for the murder of Darby O'Brian, on the Eve- ning of the 19th Day of November, 1753.192 A brief indication of means was noted in the marriage of Archelaus, negro servant of James Barry, to Esther, negro servant of Alexander Sears.193


The next decade, 1760-1770, was marked by a rapid increase in Irish numerical strength and influence in Boston. On May 17, 1762, the sloop Swallow came in from Halifax with a passenger list of twenty-two, one of the names entered therein being that of John Poor, a bookkeeper, from "Iarlond."194 On August 24, 1762 there arrived on the brig Elizabeth from Halifax carrying eighty-three passengers, three Irishmen, all in the steerage, John Casey, William Shannan and Edward Shaahay.195


A case of great interest at the time was that of a girl named Malone who was of Irish origin, despite the reference made in the following advertisement to her alleged English extraction. The name Malone is of Irish origin. The advertisement, which ap- peared in the Boston Evening Post for October 25, 1762, reads : "Malone-Whereas an English Girl, whose name is Malone, was captivated with her father some years ago, either at Contoocook or Penicook now Boscowen, N.H., and now is at St. Louis Falls in Canada, which Girl is now about 16 years of Age: If the Father (who was released about four years ago) or any of the Girl's Friends will apply to the Secretary's Office in Boston, they may be informed how she may be recovered from the Indians."196 Later investigations resulted in finding her real name to have been Rachael Meloon, daughter of Nathaniel Meloon. She was re- deemed and returned much against her wishes, so strong an at- tachment did she have for the Indians as a result of her nine years' association with them.197


Immigrant lists running from 1763 to 1769 furnish the largest


32


THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISH IN MASSACHUSETTS


single contribution to Irish numerical growth in Boston during the period named. As the Irish proportion of population was rela- tively small outside of Boston it can reasonably be assumed that most of these immigrants remained in Boston, especially in view of the fact that the names of many of them were found later on the legal records of the town. In 1763 thirty-three passengers arrived from "Newfound Land" under Captain Doble. Fourteen of them had Irish names: William Ryan, James Cowen, John Welch, Edmund Hearn, John Burke, Martin Grady, Edmund Butler, Patrick Day, Dennis Dennavan, Patrick Welch, Valentine Connel, Patrick Murphy, John Mejory and Thomas Dunn. The percentage of Irish passengers to the total number was very high, amounting to .42.198 On April 20 the sloop Dove from North Carolina arrived with a widow aboard, Mrs. Moor. On June 27 the sloop Yarmouth from Halifax reached port with three Irish persons as passengers, Dr. Moor, Mary and Lydia Ryan. From Cape Breton the schooner Nancy arrived, having on board few persons of Irish extraction, John Monloney and Michael Coleman, merchants; James Carrol, John Dillon and Catherine Cesey. On September 24 four passengers bearing Irish names reached Boston on the schooner Desire from Halifax. These were William Dough- arty, Daniel Kenney and Roger Ryan, all soldiers, and Mrs. Roger Ryan. The schooner Dolphin from Newfoundland came to port on October 28 with two marines, Michael Coleman and James Fitzpatrick. The ship Doglass from Scotland brought five Irish persons on the same day, their names: Ralph O'Donal, Ann Moore, Jane Kelly, Mr. Moor, a cooper and William Kelley, a shoemaker. On October 31 the sloop Two Sisters arrived from Newfoundland with two passengers of Irish stock on board, Frank Murphy and Patrick Dumphey. On November 15 two more Irish- men, John Shannon and Robert Moor, sailors, came in the ship Diligence from Glasgow. A rather large Irish passenger list was that of the sloop Peggy from Newfoundland sometime in Decem- ber. Fourteen Irishmen, all sailors and fishermen, were listed : Patrick Droham, Simon Hannahan, Richard Welsh, James Roach, John Delaney, Richard Fleming, William Keating, Michael Keat- ing, Borni Green, Thomas Murphey, William She, Patrick Killey, James Kennedy and William Murphey. On December 27 a Mr. O'Neal, a trader, arrived on the sloop Two Brothers from Hali-


33


PLYMOUTH AND BOSTON


fax. Of the four hundred and fifty immigrants examined in this sloop's passenger list, thirty-nine bore Irish names, making a percentage of .086199


In the course of 1764 the number of Irish emigrants arriving in Boston was considerably increased. On March 20 a "Mr. John Burke," a merchant, arrived on the sloop Charming Nancy from Philadelphia. On April 9 Michael Buckeley, of Marblehead, reached Boston on the sloop Swallow from Halifax. William Larken, a sailor, came on the schooner Providence from North Carolina on April 18. On May 8 another Larken from North Carolina, Thomas, a sailmaker, arrived on the sloop Ranger. The first large Irish contingency of the year came on May 30 when c the brig Hound from Ireland brought in twelve Irish immigrants : William Coutis, John Carton, Duch Kenned, John Cotter, Corn Obroum, Charles Riney, all servants; Catherine Odonely, Anne Soloven, Michael Claire, a cooper, Will Watts, a trader, Barbary Watts and Catherine Riney, spinsters. On June 18' the sloop Hannah from Nova Scotia, brought in two Irishmen, John Kelly and William Logan. James Shannon, a schoolmaster, came June 23 on the sloop Charming Molly from Annapolis Royal. On Sep- tember 3 John Burk, a soldier, arrived on the sloop Kingston from Halifax. The largest Irish passenger list of the year was that of the schooner Hannah which arrived on September 11 from Cork and Halifax. The twenty-two passengers were Frank Rian, a bookkeeper, Thomas Cook, James Coffe, Morgan Mullons, James Brien, all laborers; Mrs. Dorin, wife of a laborer in Boston and sons, Mary Connell, John Costolo, James Furlong, John Callahan, John Branfield, Patrick Harden, John Reding, Richard Bourke, Michael Clary, Timothy Collens, John Bryen, John Callahan, James Stewart and Benjamin Davison, all servants. On October 24 James Ryon arrived on the schooner Jane from Philadelphia. A captain William Moor reached Boston on December 6 as a passenger on the sloop Grayhound from Newfoundland. On De- cember 13 a Captain Cavenough arrived on the sloop Polley from Newfoundland. The brig Freemason from Cork, Ireland, brought in Twenty-one Irish passengers on December 27. They were : John Lyon, a clergyman bound for Taunton, John Bowden, an ensign, for New York, Eleanor Benson, for New York, Ann Segerson and son, for Philadelphia, Richard Howe, a servant, Mathew


34


THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISHI IN MASSACHUSETTS


McNamara, John Roberts, David Howe, a "Phisitn," Armgier Howe, a mariner, Malsh Field, John Cleary, a baker, James Brown, a coachman, Edward and John Moor, servants, William Dunavaz, a blacksmith, Martin Dunavan, a blacksmith, Andrew Barrett, Catherine Lynch, Mary Dunavan, and Mary Dresden, all servants. Of the four hundred and fifty persons appearing on these passenger lists for 1764 sixty-six were of Irish extraction representing a percentage of .146200 and an increase of .06 over the percentage for the preceding year. Haltigan has proved that in the same year John Hannan came to Boston from Ireland. Aided by the Captain Boies he built the first chocolate mill in the British provinces in North America.201 C


The number of immigrants for 1765 was slightly higher than that of the preceding year. On May 9 James Ryan, a laborer, arrived on the sloop Susanna from South Carolina. On May 17 John Phagin, a merchant, came on the sloop Swallow from Hali- fax. Daniel Moor, a shoemaker, and four children arrived on the sloop Charming Molley from Annapolis, May 20. Mrs. Moor, a widow, and two daughters, were passengers on the sloop Three Friends arriving May 23 from Philadelphia. Richard Kelly, a farmer, came on the schooner Molley from Annapolis on May 31. A Daniel McCarthy was the captain of the ship Salley which anchored in Boston Harbor June 11, after a long voyage from San Domingo. The schooner Nancy brought John Mollony on June 16 from Halifax. John Logen, with his wife and two chil- dren, arrived on the schooner Hannah from Nova Scotia on June 26. On July 2 John Moor, a merchant, reached Boston on the sloop Three Friends from Philadelphia. On July 8 the schooner Polley from North Carolina sailed into Boston harbor under Captain John Malony. On August 20 the ship John from Liver- pool arrived with three Irish passengers, Christopher Kennedy, a cooper, Juda Duggin, a spinster, and John Kelley, a cooper. The sloop Dolphin brought in on August 26 Michael McNemaro, a trader and Mr. McCarty, also a trader, both from Halifax. A Con Casey, a seaman, reached Boston on September 5 on the sloop Betsey from Newfoundland. On September 21 the sloop Swallow from Halifax arrived with Elizabeth Murphy for Que- bec. The schooner Lawrence on October 14 arrived from New- foundland with six Irishmen aboard, all fishermen and mariners.


35


1779198 PLYMOUTH AND BOSTON


comprising William Hannon, Patrick Conner, Volt Conner, Jere- miah Haley, Dennis Roian and Patrick Nuff. On October 28 the brig Sebella under Captain Peter Doyle, brought in six Irishmen, all fishermen and seamen, Thomas Keeffe, John Ryan, John Shannahan, Thomas Keoho, Dennis Welch and Thomas Linch. On the same day a group of nine Irishmen, all designated as sea- men, arrived on the schooner Brig from Newfoundland. They were : Captain Moses Roach, William Cummins, John Larey, John Bryan, John Burk, John Cunningham, Thomas Roach, Mathew Kelley, John Flannagin and John Callahan. The schooner Rain- bow on November 4 from Newfoundland brought John Kava- naugh and Mick McNamara. The sloop Dolphin, arriving Novem- " ber 9 from Halifax, had one Irish passenger, John Murphey, a fisherman. Four Irishmen, Mr. O'Neal, a merchant and servant, Edward Moor and Patrick Dallany, fishermen, arrived November 11 on the sloop Nancy from Newfoundland. On November 12 John Sullivan, a farmer, came on the sloop Lucy from Nova Scotia. The sloop Swallow from Halifax reached Boston on November 13 with Michael Flanegin, a sailor, aboard. On No- vember 25 a Captain James Ryadon, a mariner, arrived on the brig Peggy and Hannah from "Tartola." On the same date, the schooner Kittey from Madgilen, came in with four Irish passen- gers, Jeremiah Folley, Edmund Coffin, George Fitzpatrick and John McGae. Alex Donnel, a cooper, and David Sullivan, a fisher- man, arrived on December 9 on the schooner Jannet from the Island of St. John. On December 11 a Joseph Quin, a fisherman, arrived on the sloop Hope from Newfoundland. For 1765 there were sixty-nine Irish immigrants out of a total of six hundred persons arriving by ships at Boston. The percentage was .115, approximately .031 lower than that of 1764.202


By 1766 Irish immigrants to Boston reached its high water mark during the sixties. In the first eight months the rate was moderate. On January 29 Patrick Mahon, a merchant, arrived on the schooner Salley from New Providence. The ship Boscowan from London brought April 16 a passenger, James Doyle, a trader. On the same date James Connell, a schoolmaster, came as a passenger on the ship Sterling Castle from Greenock. William Boyd, a farmer, came April 22 on the schooner Jabm and Jas from Ireland; on May 21 Colonel Cunningham and four male .


36


THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISII IN MASSACHUSETTS


servants arrived on the sloop Swallow from Halifax. On June 7 Michael Bryant, a sailor, and his wife, landed from the sloop Dispatch from Halifax. On the same date and on the same vessel were six servants consigned to Mr. Robert Hallowell, Timothy Conner, Peter Larey, James Tool, Timothy Ratcliff, Samuel Davis and Michael Neal. The schooner Margaret from Louisburg brought on July 26 Patrick Dowling, a shoemaker, as a passenger. Mr. Barnabas Fagen, with his wife and child, arrived on the schooner Gloria from "Canso" on August 2. On August 10 ar- rived the brig Ann from Louisburg with Captain James Moor and wife and four servants aboard.


September witnessed a large immigration. On Septensber 6 John Moor, a merchant, arrived on the sloop America from Philadelphia. On the 29th the sloop Abigail from Newfoundland arrived with Edward Casey, a fisherman, aboard. On the same day the brig William from Ireland arrived with seventy-one Irish persons on the passenger list. They were as follows: William Moor, a gentleman; Dan Boyles, a tailor and his wife; Mr. Barry, a school master; Michael Poor, John Ferld, Jeremiah Nuhan, Miles Conly, Timothy Shea, Patrick Roach, the last six laborers, William Gorman, a weaver, Jeremiah Murphy, a cooper, Jeremiah Readon, a laborer, George Fitzgeral, a laborer, John Kealshon, a weaver, John Jenkins, a dyer, Samuel Allen, a dyer, John Gray, a laborer, Samuel Dickson, a comber, William Hurley, a laborer, Timothy Dorson, a schoolmaster and his wife, Mary Butler, a widow and her daughter, Eloner Nowlon, a widow, David Stockman, a laborer, Andrew Chabrito, a sailor, Bryan Morran, a laborer, James Meagher, a cooper and his wife, James Wiley, a mason and his wife and two sisters, Thomas Miller, a laborer and his wife and son, Mary Wiley, Betty and Jane Wiley, spinsters, Thomas Duan, a laborer, William Scott, a schoolmaster and his wife, John Thumb, Samuel Hanry and Robert Heanry, laborers, a Mrs. Pullen, wife to a wheelwright and son, John Mealon, a laborer, Jany Quales, a spinster, Grace Core, wife to a farmer and four children, Jacog Magar, a laborer, Robert Magar, a house carpenter, Robert Main, a laborer, Andred Beard, a blacksmith and four children, William More, a sailor, John Fairservice, a laborer, John Miller, a blacksmith and his son, Betty Ramaige, wife to a sailor, Jane Shanan, a spinster, Jane Patter- son, a spinster, and Michael Keanan, a barber.


37


PLYMOUTH AND BOSTON


October was a quiet month in immigration. On October 18 Moses Roach, commanding the brig Squid from Newfoundland again visited the port bringing eight Irishmen. They were Thomas Whaland, a cooper, Edward Carey, a sailor and fisherman, Ed- ward Griffen, John Mahan, Richard Quirk. Thomas Roach, Thomas Barrey and William Comings, the last six being all fisher- men. The schooner Success from the island of "Magillen" brought in October 23 Ann Callehan, a widow with two children. On October 27 John Barry, a mariner, arrived on the sloop Dolphin from Newfoundland.


The month of November opened up with only one immigrant, a MIrs. Dunn, a widow, who arrived November 3 on the schooner Nova Scotia Peket from Halifax. On November 15 the brig Willmott from Cork, Ireland, arrived with seventy-two servants indentured to two Boston merchants, Creed and Collis. Their names were : John Henderson, Mathias Breet. Luke Welch, Mary Cockery, Thomas Dugale, Catharine Sullivan. Margaret Ross, John Gibson, William Quirk, Catharine Conner, James Coghlin, John Murphy, Dennis Mahoney, Mary Mahoney, John, Hayes, Joseph Mosses, Anne Dougale, Robert Dougale, William How, Jeremiah Davis, Thomas Dougale, Abig Duiley, Timothy Bryant, Austin MeCarty. Jonas Dougale, David Quirk, William Donshin. Ann Dougle. James Ross, John Ross, John Ross, Jr., Darby Law- ler. Cather Carrill, Daniel Keefe. Mathew Howard. Thomas Quin- lan, John King, Charles Hewett. James Dalton, Cornelius Fox. Peter McNamara, Dennis McCarty. Patrick Welsh, John Kelly, Barbary Kelly. Peter Manning, Arthur Veavea, Redmond Lar- nard, Cornelius Hagarty, Edmund Swaney, Edward Murphy, John Twohy, William Stephens, James Row. Isabella Learman, Cath- erine Twohy. John Bourke. Patrick Ryan. John Bowler, Mary Dougle. Daniel Bulkeley, Cornelius Sullivan. George Shinzehan, William Kahaven, William Fitzgerald. John Dowle, Bal Sullivan. James O'Daniel, Thomas McCarty, John Lee and James Ross.213


December saw a decrease in Irish immigration. On December 3 the brig How' from Newfoundland arrived with three Irishmen aboard. Thomas Kenady, a merchant, Thomas Kasey, a trader. and Darby Rion, a mariner. The sloop Desire from Newfoundland arrived on the 11th with eleven passengers, ten Irishmen. all sailors and fishermen, and one woman. They were: Narth Linch. Luke Dulin, Morris Murphy, Edward Whalin, John McDonnagh.


38 . THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISH IN MASSACHUSETTS


Jesse Connelly, William Murphy, Patt Brinnen, Thomas Fling (Flynn) and his wife. Maurice Cavenaugh, captain of the schooner Nova Scotia Packet from Halifax sailed into the harbor on December 17. On the 23rd Michael Carrell, a trader, arrived on the sloop Swallow from Halifax.203 Out of some eight hundred immigrants appearing in the lists for 1766 two hundred and two were of Irish extraction or a percentage of .252, an increase of .137 over the percentage of 1765.


In 1767 Irish immigration continued but in greatly reduced numbers. From March to October the number was very small. On March 9 a Mr. McConnel, a trader, arrived on the sloop Sparrow from North Carolina. During the period Maurice Cavenaugh, Captain of the schooner Nova Scotia Packet from Halifax visited Boston six times, March 14 and 30, April 25, June 8, July 6, and August 14. John Dunn, Captain of the ship Glasgow from Greenock arrived on May 29. On June 17 William Fitchgeral, a mariner, reached Boston on the brig Poppett from Newfoundland. On June 25 the ship Rialto sailed into port from Bristol com- manded by Morgan Griffiths. On the same date John Duffy, a trader from northern Ireland, arrived on the same ship. The sloop Swallow reached port from Halifax on July 6 with three Irish persons aboard, James Fitchpatrick, a trader, and Mary Ryan and her child.


The largest passenger list of the year was on the brig Ann & Margaret which arrived from Ireland October 14 with fifty Irish immigrants. The following passengers were listed as servants : Eleanor Murphy, Francis Hadnett, Mary Mchoon, Eleanor Mc- Sweney, Mary Howard, John Kinney, Elizabeth Brien, Ann Col- lins, Judith Pop, Edward Dammarell, Mary Callahane, Eleanor Maloney, Mary Conum, Timothy Mulcahy, George Prichard, Dinish McSweney, James Conner and Darby Conner. John Lind- say was a weaver. William Sweney, James Fitzgerald and Mr. Bryn were laborers; William Hoban and John Baker, shoe- makers; Timothy Murphy and John Furch, tailors. Other occu- pations were represented by Isaac Stoakes, nailer, Richard Terutch, joiner, Joseph King, clockmaker, Edmund Shanohan, cooper, Stephen Gazor, laborer, Dinish Rien, tailor, William Burke, shoemaker, Phillip O'Donel, cooper, and George Gray, cap- tain and his wife. The remaining passengers, unclassified were


39


PLYMOUTHI AND BOSTON


Mary Wilkinson, Eleanor Stoakes, Mary Ambros, Mary O'Brien, Thomas Prichard, John Jackson, Sam Prichard, Margaret Flem- ing, Elizabeth Wilkinson, Honer Coveney, Edward France, Ann Hill and Mary Stoaks. On October 2 Maurice Cavenaugh again sailed into the harbor from Halifax on the schooner Nova Scotia Packet. Another visit was made by him on December 11. Richard Malony, a soldier, arrived November 2 on the schooner Granvil from Annapolis. On November 10 Timothy Flaharty, a mariner, came on the sloop Fanny and Jeamy from Newfoundland. Cap- tain John Dunn of the ship Glasgow from Glasgow came to Bos- ton on November 19 bringing one Irish passenger, James Kelly, a merchant.204 The total number of immigrants for 1767 studied was' five hundred and fifty. Of this number seventy bore Irish names representing a percentage of .127, a decrease of .125 under that of 1766.


In 1768 Irish immigration continued to drop. On January 4 Patrick Conner, a laborer, arrived on the sloop Swallow from Quebec. Captain Maurice Cavenaugh again reached Boston on February 3. Captain John Dunn came May 28. Neither of the two had any Irish passengers on his ship. On June 9 John Mallone, a mariner, arrived on the sloop Speedwell from New York. Anthony Burk, a farmer, came on the sloop Sally from Annapolis July 27. William McCartey, a mariner, was a passenger on the sloop Sally from Granada August 15. On August 16 Mr. Larey, a laborer, arrived on the schooner Betsey from Quebec. On August 29 Sallie McCartie, who had previously left Boston, came back on the Catherine from Glasgow. Mary O'Bryan, a soldier's wife, came on the schooner Betsey from Halifax. The brig Squid from Newfoundland arrived on November 14 with nine fisher- men aboard: Michael Conner, Michael Coleman, Dan Connel, Edmund Maugher, Michael Conner, Patrick Hammon, James Hammons, William Buckley and James Magee. On the 21st the schooner Hampton brought in five Irishmen, listed as fishermen, Edward McCarty, Edward Welsh, Edward Linch, James Hickey and Terence McCarty. Captain John Dunn from Glasgow sailed into port on his ship Glasgow on the 28th. John Burk, a sailor, came December 5 on the schooner Rainbow from Quebec. On the 11th Dan Hogan, a laborer, arrived on the schooner Leopard from Halifax. On the 13th James Nowland, a sailor, was a passenger


1


40


THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY IRISHI IN MASSACHUSETTS


on the schooner Hawk from Newfoundland. On December 26 the schooner Betsey and John from Halifax arrived with five Irish- men aboard, Alexander Sweeney, captain of the vessel, Kinney and Murphy, corporals in the 14th Regiment, Donagher and Carty, soldiers.205 Thirty-two of the six hundred were of Irish extraction, a percentage of .053, which was a decrease of .074 under that of 1767.


In the next year, 1769, the number of Irish immigrants became notably small. On January 16 John Larkin, a farmer, arrived on the sloop Defiance from Halifax. Michael Toban, a mariner, came on the sloop Polly from Halifax on the 20th, being accompanied by two other seamen, Thomas Walen and James Flinn. Captain John Dunn of the ship Glasgow was again a visitor to Boston on June 2. On June 26 Patrick Briant, a laborer, arrived on the brig Abigail from Jamaica. Catherine Alexander, wife of Thomas Alexander of Boston, was a passenger on the sloop America, which reached port from Philadelphia on August 14.206 During seven and one-half months of 1769 a total of three hundred im- migrants entered Boston on the above ships. Of this number only seven had Irish names making a percentage of .023, a decrease of .03 under that of 1768.


The Irish element in thees immigration years, 1763-1769, can be more clearly shown in tables. Table I indicates in three columns, for each year, the total number of persons arriving in Boston by ship, the number of Irish among them and the percentage of Irish to the whole.


TABLE I.207


Year


Total Number of Immigrants Arriving


Irish Per cent


(91/2 months)


1763


450


39


.086


1764


450


66


.146


1765


600


69


.115


1766


800


202


.252


1767


550


70


.127


1768


600


32


.053


(71/2 months)


1769


300


7


.023


3750


485


Yearly Average


535


69


.12-


The highest percentage (1766) was .252; the lowest (1769), .023.


41


PLYMOUTH AND BOSTON


Table II. Here is exhibited in seven columns the' occupational classification of Irish immigrants according to labor, skilled and unskilled.


TABLE II.


IRISH SKILLED AND UNSKILLED LABOR.


1763


1764


1765


1766


1767 1768


1769 Total


1. Skilled


Baker


0


1


0


0)


0


0)


0


1


Weaver


0


0


0


2


1


0


0


3


Cooper


1


1


2


2


2


0


0


8


Nailer


0)


0


0


0


1


0


0


1


Shoemaker


1


0


1


2


3


0


0


7


Joiner


0


0


0


0


1


0


0


1


Seaman


2


4


17


5


5


5


3


41


Fisherman


14


0


7


18


0


14


0


53


Clockmaker


0


0


0


0


1


0


0


1


Blacksmith


0


2


0


1


0


0


0


3


Sailmaker


0


1


0


1


0


0


0


2


Carpenter


0


1


0


1


0


0


0


2


Tailor


0


0


0


1


2


0


0


3


Dyer


0


0


0


1


0


0


0


1


Total


18


10


27


34


16


19


3


' 127


2. Unskilled


1763


1761


1765


1766


1767


1768


1769


Total


Laborer


0


+


1


3


3


1


28


Total


18


14


28


50


19


22


4 = 155


Table III exhibits in seven columns the occupational classifica- tion of Irish immigrants arriving in Boston according to domestic, business, professional, agricultural and military types.


The percentages of the six major occupational groups are illuminating. There are three hundred and thirty-two Irish im- migrants to Boston (1763-1769) whose occupation is specified in the record given. One hundred and twenty-seven are of the skilled labor class amounting to .382 per cent. Twenty-eight are unskilled laborers with a percentage of .084. One hundred and thirty-two are in the domestic group, with a percentage of .400. Twenty-one are in the business class, a percentage of .063. In the military group twelve are represented, a percentage of .036. In the professional class has seven members, which means a percentage




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