USA > Massachusetts > Norfolk County > Weymouth > Town annual report of Weymouth 1891 > Part 15
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Athens-3-4.
46
22
24
40.5
94
9-9
9-11
9-7
4
32
16
38
1
7
12
19
162
Athens-1-2.
55
33
22
41.6
91.6
5-8
5-10
5-6
0
36
29
11
1
11
12
19
158
Adams-1-6 ..
28
12
16
16
82.9
9-9
10-7
7-10
0
1
42
32
3
8
13
18
152
River-1-6
30
21
9
18
94
8-10
9-7
7-2
0
0
35
8
0
1
10
15
15
Total Ward I.
229
117
112
176.1
92.4
16
125
131
180
5
51
66
112
1013
WARD II.
27
12
15
23.8
94
14-5
14-8
14-2
19
23
45
0
5
12
22
466
Franklin-8.
34
16
18
28.8
93
13-6
13-4
13-7
1
16
43
91
0
11
16
18
34
49
27
22
42
93
12-8
13-3
12-1
0
23
33
151
5
8
11
3
36
58
27
31
47
88
11-7
11-6
11-8
1
40
27
377*
10
14
20
97
Washington-4
55
26
29
44
90
10-5
10-7
10-3
2
37
12
90
5
4
9
19
74
Washington-3
54
26
28
39
86
9-5
9-9
9-2
0
39
37
256*
3
4
6
17
20
103
52
28
24
39
91
8-4
8-6
8-2
0
27
. 38
7
14
18
100
45
17
28
34.5
87
7-4
7-5
7-4
25
43
76
61
31
30
35.4
82
5-9
5-7
5-10
0
12
70
97
3
8
16
18
202
45
22
23
37
88
12-1
12-1
12-2
3
22
49
78
6
6
14
20
146
Bicknell-5
42
30
12
33
82
5-4
5-5
5-3
0
10
76
38
1
5
17
20
220
Bicknell-1.
36
24
12
29.7
92
11-5
11-2
11-8
20
28
102
2
13
18
135
Middle St .- 3-4.
6-4
36
28
55.5
92
8-2
8-9
8-4
0
43
52
115
0
6
12
17
127
Middle St .- 1-2.
51
28
23
39
90
7-4
7-3
7-4
0
30
37
42
0
8
14
18
125
Middle St .- 1
47
22
25
28
84
5-9
5-8
5-10
0
19
65
11
0
7
12
18
111
Total Ward II.
.
720
372
348
555.7
88.8
11
412.
633
2074
46
102
205
269
2069
.
.
.
.
Washington Sub-1
2
505*
Washington-2
Washington-1
Washington-5
14
20
93
4
3
13
10
36
63
Total High School.
207
73
134
Attendance.
Admitted.
Boys.
Girls.
Visits by School
48
Franklin-9
Franklin-7 .
Middle St .- 5-6.
1
WARD III.
30
13
17
27.51 96 31
14-1 14-7
14-1 14-2
2
12
0
12
12
20 23
34
Hunt-7.
47
25
42.3
92
12-5
12-5
30
40
S2
3
12
12
23
19
64
Hunt-5
12
25
17
34
90
10-10
S-S
S-11
8-5
1
45
25
50
2
2.4
19
163
Lincoln-1
28
21
34
94
9-7
10-1
9-0
0
23
43
137章
3
5
13
IS
124
Tufts-3 .
45
25
220
36
89
8-8
8-4
0
30
42
51
13
18
130
Tufts-1.
60
25
39
86
6-0
6-0
0
38
42
29
12
17
160
Total Ward III
484
244
240
365.8
90.2
10
277
583
1036
29
79
150
191
1343
WARD IV.
Shaw-8.9.
25
11
14
23
96
12-8
12-8 11-2
12-8 11-0
0
5
48
44
0
20
14
16
185
Shaw-4.6 ..
39
27
12
29
11-1
17
101
116
1
13
10
15
140
Shaw-1.3 ..
40
20
26
88
7-3
7-4
7-2
0
7
123
23
0
10
10
16
182
Pratt-7.9 .
25
9
16
21
91
13-8
13-8
13-8
0
5
62
95
0
8
10
19
240
Pratt-1-6
38
16
22
22
82
8-2
8-0
8-1
15
78
161
0
3
10
16
59
Holbrook-1-6.
30
19
11
25
91
8-6
8-3
8-8
0
14
20
88
1
3
9
18
166
Total Ward IV
203
102
101
149
88
3
63
432
527
57
63
100
972
WARD V.
Howe-3-1.
09
23
16
35
91
7-11
8-4
7-5
1
26
22
62
1
16
20
172
Bates-8-9 ..
51
30
21
43.6
93
13-5
13-10
13-0
0
234
174
2
8
15
19
356
Bates-7 ..
25
18
7
23
92
12-6
12-11
12-2
11
57
66
1
1
10
19
65
Bates-5 6 ..
45
15
30
37
92
11-1
11-0
11-2
2
31
71
0
1
11
17
53
Bates-1-2 ..
31
34
14
6-6
6-3
6-9
0
44
53
124
U
11
IS
130
Thomas-1-6
34
17
17
26
93
8-8
8-6
S-4
5
62
80
0
1
10
16
57
Pond-1.5.
27
10
17
88
8-8
8-11
8-5
1
10
19
29
U
1
15
89
Hollis-1-6
32
13
19
2.2
5-11
6-1
5-10
0
17
32
18
1
U
10
16
15
Total Ward V.
318
157
161
252.0
90.6
9
144
504
624
20
139
977
Grand Total.
2161
1065
1096
1666.4
90.9
61
1074
2528
4681
87
333
597
896
6520
.
Hunt-6.
50
23
27
40
0.3
11-8
0
32
5S
127
4
144
14
15
43
Lincoln-2-4
80
26
34
42
78.6
6-1
6-0
6-2
0
42
43
44
1
27
19
144
Tufts-4
49
31
32
10
95
0
14
66 75
125 197*
5
10
Hunt-8. .
38
16
22
Hunt-9 ..
1 409
14-1 14-9 12-5 12-2 11-1
11-2 10-6
2
11
149
C. - 110
1000 G
9-0 6-0
1
3
2
* Many of these to carry dinners.
49
13
50
IX. TEACHERS, SCHOOLS, SALARIES.
TEACHERS, SCHOOLS, SALARIES, ETC., DEC. 31, 1891.
NAME.
SCHOOL.
GRADE.
Salary.
Elected.
Residence.
L. Herbert Owen.
North High.
$1,200
1888
Louisa E. Humphrey.
€6
66
...
. .
. . . .
500
1891
Edgar R. Downs.
South High ....
1,200
1886
Jessie F. Smith.
WARD I.
F. L. Kelly ..
Athens
.. 7th to 9th
$900
1888
N. Weymouth.
Grace W. Mitchell.
. 5th and 6th
400
1889
E. Weymouth.
Jennie W. Rice ..
.. 3d and 4th
400
18 89
E. Weymouth.
Clara Whiting.
66
. . 1st and 2d
320
1891
N. Weymouth.
Minnie Mathewson
Adams
1st to 6th
320
1891
E. Weymouth.
Clarabelle Pratt.
River ..
Ist to 6th
400
1876
N. Weymouth.
WARD II.
Melzar H. Jackson.
Franklin
9th
$900
1891
E. Weymouth.
Addie M. Canterbury.
8th
440
1889
E. Weymouth.
Brit. E . Harlow
7th
440
1887
E. Weymouth.
Annie A. Fraher.
Bicknell .
6th
360
1891
Lizzie G. Hyland.
.1st
320
1891
E. Irving Beal
Washington
-5th
500
1891
E. Weymouth.
Mary A. Webster.
4th
400
1887
Annie McGreevy
400
1887
Lizzie E. Tirrell.
.2d
400
1890
Maggie A. Dee ..
..
.1st
360
1891
Mary A. Dee.
400
1887
Alice E. May
.. 3d and 4th
400
1891
E. Weymouth. E. Weymouth.
WARD III.
J. W. Armington.
Hunt.
.9th
$900
1870
Weymouth.
Barbara Hunter.
8th
440
1891
Weymouth.
Mary E. Ford.
7th
440
1887
Weymouth.
Emma F. Parker ..
6th
400
1887
Weymouth.
Helen L. Rockwood.
66
5th
400
1887
S. Weymouth.
Mary E. Walsh.
Lincoln
2d
400
1885
Weymouth.
Kate C. Keohan
.1st
400
1881
Weymouth.
Anne B. Hunt.
Tufts.
4th
400
1887
Weymouth.
Helen Armington.
320
1891
Weymouth.
Mary E. Crotty.
6.
.1st
400
1887
Weymouth.
WARD IV.
A. Amelia Jordan
Pratt
.. 7th to 9th
$500
1890
S. Weymouth.
Nellie Holbrook.
.. 1st to 6th
400
1890
E. Weymouth.
Fannie E. Hawes.
Holbrook
.. 1st to 6th
400
1887
E. Weymouth.
Martha E. Belcher.
Shaw
.7th to 9th
500
1887
S. Weymouth.
Carrie J. Gardner.
.4th to 7th
400
1887
S. Weymouth.
Kate McEnroe.
.1st to 3d
320
1891
E. Weymouth.
WARD V.
G. B. Rogers
Bates ..
7th to 9th
$900
1890
S. Weymouth.
Jennie M. Joslin
.7th
440
1891
S. Weymouth.
Emma J. Smith.
.5th and 6th
400
1884
S. Weymouth.
Ella M. Clark'.
60
. . 1st and 2d
400
1883
S. Weymouth.
Harriett L. Reed
Howe.
.. 3d and 4th
400
1887
S. Weymouth.
Jennie 'T. Holbrook
Thomas
.. 1st to 6th
400
1887
S. Weymouth.
L. Gertrude Bates.
Pond
.. 1st to 5th
400
1887
S. Weymouth.
Stella Tirrell.
Hollis
.. 1st to 6th
400
1891
S. Weymouth.
Weymouth. Weymouth Hgts .. Weymouth.
H. Josephine Center.
550
1890
Grace M. Cummings
600
1886
Weymouth. S. Weymouth. S. Weymouth.
Susie B. Litchfield
.1st
400
1888
Mary E. Spencer (Asst.) ..
Middle Street. .
.. 1st and 2d
400
1888
E. Weymouth. E. Weymouth. E. Weymouth. Weymouth Cen. E. Weymouth. Weymouth Cen. E. Weymouth. . N. Weymouth.
Alice G. Egan.
Martha J. Hawes
.Ist
400
1887
E. Weymouth. E. Weymouth.
3d
Middle Street ..
. 5th and 6th
.3d
550
1890
66
51
X. SCHOOL CALENDAR, 1891-92.
FALL TERM.
Monday, Sept. 14, 1891. - Schools open.
Recess. - Friday of Weymouth Agricultural Fair week.
Oct. 28, 29, and 30. - Public visitation of schools. Recess. - Thursday and Friday of Thanksgiving week. Dec. 22, 23, and 24. - Public visitation of schools.
Dec. 24. - Schools close, - vacation of one week.
WINTER TERM.
Monday, Jan. 4 - Schools open.
Feb. 17, 18, and 19. - Public visitation of schools.
Holiday. - Washington's Birthday.
Friday, April 1. - Schools close, - vacation of one week.
SUMMER TERM.
Monday, April 11. - Schools open.
May 24, 25, 26, and 27. - Public visitation of schools.
Holiday. - Memorial Day.
Holiday. - June 17.
June 29 und 30, and July 1. - Examination and visitation of schools.
Wednesday, June 29. - Graduating exercises of Athens, at 7.80 P. M.
Thursday, June 30. - At 7.45 p. M. exercises of Graduating Class of South High.
Friday, July 1. - At 7.45 p. M. exercises of Graduating Class of North High.
Vacation. - Till Monday, Sept. 12, 1892.
52
XI SCHOOL COMMITTEE, 1891-92.
Regular meetings, the second Tuesday evening of each month, except July and August, at 7.30.
MEMBERS. RESIDENCE. TERM EXPIRES.
Ward One, WM. A. DRAKE,
North Weymouth. 1894
Two, Jos. A. CUSHING,
East Weymouth. 1893
" Three, AUG. J. RICHARDS, Weymouth. 1892
46 Four, BRADFORD HAWES, East Weymouth. 1894
66 Five, HENRY A. THOMAS,
South Weymouth. 1892
At Large, JAMES H. FLINT,
Weymouth. 1893
Chairman. -- Dr. WILLIAM A. DRAKE, North Weymouth.
Secretary of the Board. - JOSEPH A. CUSHING, East Weymouth.
Committee on Teachers. - Dr. WM. . A. DRAKE, HENRY A. THOMAS, BRADFORD HAWES.
Committee on Text-Books. - JAMES H. FLINT, BRADFORD HAWES.
Committee on Supplies. - JOSEPH A. CUSHING; HENRY A. THOMAS.
SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS.
I. M. NORCROSS.
OFFICE HOURS OF SUPERINTENDENT.
At South High School, on Tuesdays.
At North High School on Thursdays.
At Residence, 134 Broad Street, East Weymouth, on Wednes- days.
Post-office, Weymouth Centre, from 4 to 4.45 each school-day for the school-year.
TRUANT OFFICERS.
NOBLE MORSE, Ward One. THOMAS FITZGERALD, Ward Three. ASA B. PRATT, " Two. GEORGE B. BARLEY, Four. ANDREW J. GAREY, " Two. GEORGE F. MAYNARD, " Four. GEORGE W. CONANT, Ward Five.
INDEX TO THE REPORTS.
Report of School Committee
1
Superintendent's Report
14
Summary of Statistics
14
Attendance .
17
Training School .
18
Course of Study .
19
Reading
21
Promotion
22
Temperance Instruction
23
Moral Training
23
Conclusion
25
APPENDICES :
I. Report of Principal of North High School 28
II. Report of Principal of South High School 31
III. Report of Instructor in Music 33
IV. Graduation Exercises of Grammar Schools
34
V. Graduates of Training Class, 1891
3S
VI. Graduates of Grammar Schools .
38
VII. Roll of Honor 40
VIII. Statistics 48
IX. Teachers, Schools, Salaries 50
x. School Calendar, 1891-'92 . 51
XI. School Committee, 1891-'92 52
COURSE OF STUDY
IN THE
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
OF
WEYMOUTH, MASS.
APPROVED FEBRUARY, 1892.
COURSE OF STUDY.
MORAL TRAINING.
. OPENING EXERCISES.
(Į hour a week.)
NOTE 1. Teachers are directed to give instruction for a few moments in good manners and good morals at the opening of school in the morn- ing and at other favorable opportunities. The teacher owes it to her pupils to give such instruction in this subject as will tend to make them good men and women. She should, by regular lessons, and by lessons as occasions demand, strive to awaken the moral sense of each pupil and lead him to distinguish right from wrong; should teach punctual- ity and habits of order as well as proper behavior, at home, at the table, at school, in church, on the street, and in all other public places. She should impress upon her pupils the importance of faithfulness in the discharge of all duties; should show them that individuals have obligations to those with whom they associate; that patriotism, indus- try, fidelity, and public spirit are necessary to ensure the prosperity of our country; and that the duties and responsibilities of nations are similar to those of individuals.
NOTE 2. " It shall be the duty . .. of all preceptors and teachers of academies, and all other instructors of youth, to exert their best en- deavors to impress on the minds of children and youth committed to their care and instruction, the principles of piety and justice and a sacred regard to truth; love of their country, humanity, and universal benevolence; sobriety, industry, frugality; chastity, moderation, and temperance; and those other virtues which are the ornament of human society, and the basis upon which a republican constitution is founded ; and it shall be the duty of such instructors to endeavor to lead their pupils, as their ages and capacities will admit, into a clear understand- ing of the tendency of the above-mentioned virtues, to preserve and perfect a republican constitution and secure the blessings of liberty, as well as to promote their future happiness; and also to point out to them the evil tendency of the opposite vices." - General Statutes of the State of Massachusetts, Chap. 38, Sect. 10.
4
PHYSICAL TRAINING AND RECESSES.
GRADES I., II., III. RECESSES, 2 HOURS A WEEK. PHYSICAL TRAINING, 1 HOUR A WEEK.
GRAMMAR GRADES.
RECESSES, 14 HOURS A WEEK. PHYSICAL TRAINING, 2 HOUR A WEEK.
The time set apart for recesses and physical training should be so used as to meet the physical needs of the pupils. At recess time pupils should withdraw from the room for recreation and in order that the room may be ventilated. If for any reason recesses are shortened or omitted, the time must be given to physical training, and in no case to be taken from the end of the session.
RECITATIONS.
Every school should have an established order of exercises so that teacher and pupils may know what lesson is coming and prepare for the same. It would be well to have such a programme posted up in the schoolroom. The length of a recitation should vary, according to the age of the pupils, from fifteen minutes to forty-five minutes, and the exercises should not continue without the attention of every pupil.
The following table is given to show the approximate number of hours per week that are believed to be due the respective studies: -
GRADES.
Recesses.
Physical Training.
Reading.
Language.
Geography.
Observation
Lessons.
Arithmetic.
Book-keeping.
Music.
Drawing.
Writing.
Spelling.
History.
Physiology and
Hygiene and
Miscellaneous.
Hours.
I.
2
1
10
1
1
11%
4
1
1
2
1
1
277%
II.
2
1
10
1
1
1%
27 32
III.
1
10
1
1
1%
4
1
1
2
1
1
32 27 12
IV
1/
815
2
2
11%
4
1
1
2
1
I
114 27 %
V.
4
1
1
2
1
1
1×4|27 12
VI.
4
312
1
4
1
1
11%
1
1
14 277%
VII.
4
1
1
11%
1
1
14 |27 12
VIII.
114
1/
4%
4
3%
1
415
1
1
13%
1
314 27%
IX.
1/2
114
3
3
4
1
4
4
1
1
1
1
3
314
314 274
À year
À year
year a year
·
1
1
ATOTOTNT
114
2
2
1%
1
1
2
-
Civil Government.
NNNNNNNN/ Opening Exercises.
...
¿ year
¿ year
1/
6
1
5
OBSERVATION LESSONS.
FIRST GRADE. (1} hours a week. )
Simple conversational lessons on :
1. ANIMALS. - A few domestic animals, common birds and insects. (a) To recognize and name; (b) single qualities; (c) doings and other interesting facts.
2. PLANTS. - Common plants, flowers, fruits. (a) To recognize and name; (b) single qualities as color, form, and uses; (c) where found and how to keep theni.
3. THE HUMAN BODY. (a) The whole body, care, health, cleanli- ness, comfort; (b) noticeable parts.
4. COLOR. - Standards in paper, and in nature.
5. CLAY. - Modeling of typical forms in nature, and "forms of ife "; paper folding, stick laying. Sewing in free outline should be taken in connection with drawing.
6. PROMINENT QUALITIES OF OBJECTS. - Rough, smooth ; sweet, sour; brittle, tough; and the like.
7. FAMILIAR OBJECTS. - The stove, the house, the bed, the gar- den, food, clothing.
SECOND GRADE. (1} hours a week.)
Continue simple conversational lessons on :
1. ANIMALS. - Domestic and other common animals, birds, insects. (a) To recognize and name; (b) distinguishing characteris- tics; (c) habits; (d) uses and interesting facts.
2. PLANTS. - Common plants, a few trees and shrubs. (a) To recognize and name; (b) value or uses; (c) interesting facts as to cultivation, place and manner of growth. In the proper month collect specimens of seeds, buds, leaves, flowers, fruits.
3. HUMAN BODY. - (a) The whole body, care, cleanliness, com fort, liealth; (b) uses and care of different parts. (c) Effects of alco hol and narcotics as outlined in book given to this grade.
NOTE. The teachers in all grades should find out any defects in the children's eyesight or hearing and act accordingly.
4. COLOR. - Standard, with tints and shades.
5. FAMILIAR OBJECTS. - Continued and enlarged upon.
- 6
THIRD GRADE.
(1} hours a week.)
Continue lessons on:
1. ANIMALS. - Quadrupeds, birds, insects, fishes. (a) Compari- son of animals; (b) usefulness, homes; (c) teach kindness to animals; (d) collect, pictures and stories.
2. PLANTS. Trees, shrubs, vines. (a) Where and how grow and uses; (b) in proper months study planting, growth, care, harvesting; (c) collect samples of flowers, leaves; press, mount and preserve them.
3. HUMAN BODY. - (a) Study as in previous grades; (b) foods and drink, work and play; (c) effects of alcohol as outlined in book given to this grade.
4. NATURAL PHENOMENA. - Sun, light, heat, fire, cold, darkness, air, wind, day, night, rain snow, ice.
5. COLOR. - Review color, teach harmony and contrast, colors of rainbow.
6. Continue study of familiar objects.
FOURTH GRADE (1} hours a week.)
1. ANIMALS. - Continue the study of quadrupeds, bipeds, birds, insects, fishes. (a) Comparison, usefulness, homes,'and habits; (b) teach care of animals and kindness to them, collect pictures of ani- mals; (c) read interesting stories.
2. PLANTS. - Trees, shrubs, vines, flowers. fruits, vegetables. (a) How and where they grow; (b) uses; (c) study growth, care, etc .; cultivate plants in the school-room and yards; (d) study parts of trees, flowers, etc .; (e) collect and mount specimens.
3. HUMAN BODY. - (a) As a whole as in previous grades; (b) the organs of sense, the eyes, the ears, the nose, the mouth; position, use, and parts; hygiene of the sense-organs. Teach the effects of alcohol, etc., as outlined by the book given to this grade.
4. NATURAL PHENOMENA. - Sun, moon, air, wind, clouds, steam, rain, hail, snow; (b) observe the changes in forms of water; (c) effects of heat and cold.
5. COLOR. - Continuation of previous work. (a) From nature, plants, flowers, and fruits.
6. LANGUAGE. - (a) In each grade, describe all objects and pic- tures studied, with careful use of names and terms; (b) tell and write stories relating to objects studied; (c) recite memory gems.
Note: Encourage free questions and conversation in all grades.
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FIFTH GRADE.
(1} hours a week.)
1. ANIMALS - (a) Group animals according to their resemblances, as flesh or grass eaters, gnawers, birds of prey, birds that swim; (b) . stories about animals, and description of animals.
2. PLANTS. - Continue observing and naming vines, flowers, fruit. and grains; how and where they grow; their uses and value; parts of plants, as roots, branch, buds, flowers, fruits, seeds, etc .; (b) compare leaves as to shape, size, veins, color. Collect and mount specimens.
3. HUMAN BODY. - Impress the importance of correct habits, proper food and drink, play and work, cleanliness, clothing, manners, pure air, proper sanitary conditions. (b) Teach the value of physical training, and the effect of education upon the mind; (c) teach bones shape of bones, life of bones, how broken bones are mended, the skull, the trunk, upper and lower limbs ;(d) teach the effect of alco- hol, etc., as outlined by the book given to this grade.
4. FORM AND COLOR. - Continue work of previous grades; (b) observe forms and colors in nature and in articles made by man; as furniture, fabrics, etc .; (c) harmony of form and color.
5. LANGUAGE. - Oral and written. (a) Correct spelling of names and terms used; (b) description of all objects studied; (c) reproduc- tion of stories.
SIXTH GRADE.
(1 hour a week.)
1. ANIMALS. - Continue the subjects of previous grades; (a) closer observation of the habits of animals; (b) observe the adaptability of the parts to the animal's needs, as the teeth of the flesh-eaters, webbed feet for swimming; (c) lessons of kindness.
2. PLANTS. - (a) Parts of plants used for food; (b) careful study of food plants; (c) food plants in our markets; (d) effect of climate on plants; (e) collection of common woods.
3. HUMAN BODY. - (a) The bones, the skull, the spine, the ribs, the shoulder blades, the collar bones; their position, shape and use; hygiene of bones; (b) different muscles and their uses; kinds of food; (c) Effects of alcohol, etc., as outlined by the book given to this grade
4. LANGUAGE .- As in previous grades.
SEVENTH GRADE.
(1 hour a week.)
1. ANIMALS. - (a) Study about the distribution of animals in the several zones; (b) habits, uses and values.
2. PLANTS. - (a) Study distribution of plants; (b) collect and label specimens of plants, fruits and grains; (c) productions of our own and other countries.
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3. HUMAN BODY. - (a) The muscles of the head, the trunk, the limbs; uses of the muscles; (b) the skin, its position, qualities_and uses; hygiene of the skin; (c) digestive organs; stomach; its posi- tion, shape, process of digestion, hygiene of digestive organs; (d) ner- vous system and special senses; (e) effects of alcohol, etc., as outlined in book for this grade.
4. MINERALS. - (a) Collect, recognize and name typical minerals, metals and rocks; note their qualities and uses; (b) collect samples of earth from hills, level country and valleys, and discuss the fertility of each.
EIGHTH GRADE.
(¿ hour a week.)
1. ANIMALS. - (a) Geographical distribution of fishes, birds, mam- mals; (b) locate principal animals that furnish material for clothing; (c) examine typical forms of the animal life in the sea; sponges, corals, shell-fish; (d) collect, name and locate shells.
2. PLANTS. - Distribution of plants; (a) effects of climate on vege- tation; great forests. (b) plant products, as gum, spices, foreign fruits, material for clothing; (c) collect woods used in manufacturing, study their qualities and values.
3. MINERALS. - (a) Collect minerals and metals used in the arts; (b) their distribution; (c) their manufacture into cooking utensils, etc .; (d) values.
NINTH GRADE.
(¿ hour a week.)
1. ANIMALS .- (a) Collect animal products, as wool, leather, fur, feathers, ivory, honey, wax, glue, etc .; (b) their sources, manufac- ture, qualities and uses.
2. PLANTS. - (a) Collect and label woods used in manufacturing; (b) their qualities and values, uses and distribution.
3. MINERALS. -- Review and extend the work of preceding grades.
READING.
GENERAL REMARKS.
Good reading is the key to good scholarship. Poor reading, - i e., inability to get the thought of the author, - is the cause of much of the poor work done in all the other studies pursued in the public schools. One of the most essential qualifications of the good teacher of reading is the power to enter with enthusiasm into the spirit of the selection read. It is possible for the enthusiastic teacher to so clothe an exercise in reading with interest that the author's meaning will be reflected in the pupils' faces, and clearly portrayed by their emphasis
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and inflection. There should be no merely mechanical reading. The mind should take in the thought and the reading should express that thought. Silent reading of passages - the result to be tested by oral or written reproduction - will be found a valuable exercise. The attention of the whole class must be concentrated upon every exercise. The greater the interest, the surer and more lasting the result.
In the higher grades the selections for class use should be worth studying, and should create an interest in the works from which they are taken. The right use of these selections, and the supplementary books given to these grades, will cultivate a taste for good literature, and encourage the pupils to read other works of standard authors.
FIRST GRADE.
(10 hours a week.)
1. The blackboard to be used exclusively till the pupils have a vocabulary of two or three hundred common words that they can read promptly at sight. (See printed list.)
2. Write on the blackboard a list of the words studied, adding to it new words from day to day. Make these words the subject of fre- quent review.
3. Reading from books of the grade of Primers and the first half of First Readers. New words developed from the blackboard.
Note: For instruction in reading, in this and the four following grades, the classes should be divided into three or more sections, and each section should be taught separately.
SECOND GRADE.
(10 hours a week.)
1. Reading fromi books of the grade of the last half of First Readers and the first half of Second Readers.
2. New words in a lesson to be written on the blackboard and studied till the pupils can call them readily at sight. Pupils in this grade should never be allowed to read a lesson till this preliminary work is thoroughly done. Lessons should contain not more than three or four new words.
3. Require correct pronunciation. Words often mispronounced should be written on the blackboard and made the subjects of fre- quent review.
4. Phonic drill on the elementary sounds of the vowels, separately and in combination with consonants, the purpose being to develop the vocal organs, secure distinct articulation, and furnish a key to the pronunciation of new words.
6. Simple selections to be learned and recited.
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THIRD GRADE.
(10 hours a week.)
1. Reading from books of the grade of the last half of Second Readers and first half of easy Third Readers.
2. Cultivate distinct tones and natural expression, avoiding loud and sharp, as well as indistinct, utterances.
3. Selections to be read occasionally by the teacher to serve as models of good reading.
4. Observe and explain abbreviations and contractions that occur in the reading lesson; also explain the use of quotation marks, the hyphen, and the apostrophe.
5. Phonic drill, as in the second grade.
6. Require the pupils to reproduce in their own language the sub- stance of what they read.
. 7. Appropriate selections to be learned and recited.
FOURTH GRADE. (8 hours a week.)
1. Reading from books of the grade of the first half of Third Readers; it is good practice also to occasionally read from Second Readers, the purpose being to review words already learned, to create a lively interest on the part of the pupils, and give them a wider range of thought.
2. Observe and explain contractions and abbreviations that occur in the reading lesson, as suggested in the third grade.
3. Phonic drill and other exercises to secure the right use of the organs of speech.
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