USA > Maine > Kennebec County > Illustrated history of Kennebec County, Maine; 1625-1892 > Part 63
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One of these blockhouses on one of the hills was once the home of Ezekiel Pattee and afterward was removed to his farm down the river. Well preserved cellar walls are still to be seen by digging where the commander's quarter's stood, inside the palisades. The old blockhouse now on its first location is truly a venerable relic- the last of its kind and period in New England. It was repaired and saved from the elements in 1870 through the efforts of Dr. Atwood Crosby, A. T. Shirtleff and J. W. Bassett. Since the Lockwood Company came into possession of the surrounding property they have put a new roof on it. Who owns the ground no one knows, but the town of Winslow will honor itself by preserving what is left of old Fort Halifax.
The flat land near Fort Halifax was cleared and cultivated in 1764 by Morris Fling, who built a log hut and was the first farmer in that vicinity. This flat was called Fling's Interval by the next two gen- erations. Colonel Lithgow was very gallant while he was in command of the fort. In the winter time he had his men sweep the ice and slide the ladies. There used to be an island in the Kennebec just below Ticonic falls that was used by the officers and their families in warm weather for pleasure parties. There was a large basswood tree on it. Sergeant Segar made a bridge over a small stream and got Madame Lithgow to go up and see it. The soldiers named the brook after him, which name it still retains. It was a favorite spot with the Indians, who camped there as late as 1880. "King David, the hunter of Clinton," a member of the legislature, met the Indian member there in 1850.
The present town of Winslow is that part of the original town lying east of the Kennebec. The Plymouth proprietors were anxious to give whole townships to any actual settlers upon certain conditions, which will appear in the deed which follows. The attempt was made in several other locations, but the Winslow men were the only parties who succeeded in fulfilling the conditions. This speaks well for the
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HISTORY OF KENNEBEC COUNTY.
men, and for the country; for if the opportunities for getting a start in life had not been good here, those who tried it would have failed. It is probable that no finer tract of forest ever waved in Kennebec valley than that which grew on either bank of the Sebasticook. The following copy of the first deed will probably meet the eye of the reader in print for the first time.
" To Gamaliel Bradford of Duxborough, James Otis of Barnstable, John Winslow of Marshfield, Daniel Howard of Bridgewater, James Warren of Plymouth, and William Taylor of Boston Esquires, and to their heirs and assigns forever; a certain tract of land within our purchase containing 18,200 acres more or less lying on the east side of Kennebeck river, butted and bounded as follows, viz: beginning on the east side of Kennebeck river at a hemlock tree standing on the bank of said river and one rod W. N. W. of a large rock, and two miles and half a mile on a N. N. E. course from Fort Halifax, and from said tree to run E. S. E. five miles to a beech tree marked; thence to run S. S. W. five miles and 28 poles to a red oak tree marked; thence to run W. N.W. to said Kennebeck river; being about six miles and 236 poles to another red oak tree, standing on the bank of the said Kennebeck river as the shore lieth five miles and 28 poles to the first mentioned bounds; but upon conditions following, viz: That within four years from the date hereof, the above mentioned grantees, their heirs or assigns shall have 50 settlers on the premises; 25 of said set- tlers to have families, and to build 50 houses not less than 20 feet square, and seven feet studd each, and that said 50 settlers shall also within said four years clear and bring to fit for mowing or plowing five acres of land adjoining to each house; excepting and reserving out of said 18,200 acres, 600 acres granted by said proprietors to Will- iam Lithgow, Esq., Sept. 12, 1764; also reserving to said proprietorsthe right of laying out such roads as shall be necessary for said proprietors' use; reserving also to the sole use and benefit of said proprietors 400 acres of land adjoining Fort Halifax, and including said fort and butted and bounded as follows, viz .: beginning at the southwesterly point of land where Fort Halifax is built, and from there to run northerly up said Kennebeck river 400 poles, said 400 poles to be measured upon a straight line; from thence to run over to Sebasticook river, such a course as to include said 400 acres, between said line and the said rivers, Sebasticook and Kennebeck." March 12, 1766.
Winslow, whose Indian name was Ticonic, and whose plantation name was Kingsfield, had the honor of being one of the first four towns incorporated in Kennebec county. This occurred April 26, 1771, the town then including what is now Waterville and Oakland, and the name being in honor of General John Winslow. The first town meeting was held Thursday, May 23d following, at Fort Hali- fax. In 1775 it was held at the house of Ezekiel Pattee, who lived in one of the block redoubts on the hill. In 1776 the people manifested their patriotism by appointing Timothy Heald, John Tozer and Zimri Haywood a committee of correspondence. Fort Halifax did not seem to hold the rascals of that day quite securely enough, for they voted
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TOWN OF WINSLOW.
in 1774 to pay Lieutenant Heald eight shillings to build a pair of stocks. In 1787 the dividing line between Winslow and Vassalboro was run out and established by Ezekiel Pattee and James Stackpole for the former town, and Captain Denes Getchell for the latter.
In 1782 Jonah Crosby and two others were voted as a committee to hire " tow " men to serve two years, or during the war in the con- tinental army. Thus it seems that town bounties have ancient prece- dents. At the town meeting of 1794, held at the house of George Warren, a vote was carried to build a meeting house on the east side of the river. This house was built during the next three years. Town meeting was held in it the first time in 1797. Another town meeting was held in 1794 at the house of Arthur Lithgow. This was the house now owned and occupied by J. W. Bassett, which was built by the Lithgow family over one hundred years ago. In 1798 the war- rant for the town meeting recounts as one of the qualifications of voters, an income from real estate of £3 annually, or the ownership of real estate of £60 value. The old town meeting house was used for town business till 1877, when the present town house was built on the same lot at a cost of $1,000.
SETTLERS .- Early settlers on the river road south of the Sebasti- cook were: Nathan Taylor, Mordecai Blackwell, Captain Timothy Hale, Hezekiah Stratton, John Flye, Levi Richardson, Captain Wood, Joseph Wheelwright, David Hutchinson, Manuel Smith, Clark Drum- mond, Daniel Hayden, Esquire Swan, Francis Dudley, Daniel Spring, Ezekiel Pattee, Ambrose Howard, Samuel Pattee, John Drummond, Joshua Cushman, Franklin Dunbar, Charles Drummond and Esquire Thomas Rice .*
In the central and eastern part of the town lived: Ephraim Wil- son, Stephen and George Abbott, Jacob Tilly, Wentworth Ross, Sam- uel Haywood, Park Smiley, Joseph Hardison, George Nowell and George, jun., Josiah and Jonas Hamlin, Esquire Brackett, Hamilton
*The following are the names of people who lived and paid taxes in Wins- low in 1791; William Bradford, Edward Blanchard, Charles and John Brann, Edwin and Daniel Spring, William Chalmer, John Brooks, David and Lieut. Joseph Cragin, Lieut. Jonah and Ezra Crosby, Nathan, Robinson and Ben- jamin Dexter, Nathaniel B. Dingley, Francis Dudley, a canoe builder ; Ralph Doyle, Jonathan, Enoch and Jonathan, jun., Fuller, Joseph Farewell, Thomas S. Farrington, Thomas Gullifer, Gerald FitzGerald, Isaac Gillison, Captain Zimri, Thomas and William Haywood, Captain Timothy Heald, Josiah and Charles Hayden, John Hume and John, jun., John Lankester, Arthur Lithgow, Ephraim, Jonathan and Isaac Osborne, Ezekiel, Benjamin, William and Daniel Pattee, Asa Phillips, Barton Pollard, Benjamin and James Runnels, John, Benjamin, Reuben and Simeon Simson, John and Willard Spaulding, William Shanehan, Manuel Smith, Ephriam and Sheribiah Town, Daniel Spring, Richard Thomas, Bennett Woods, George Warren, Esq., Ephraim Wilson, Moses, James and Timothy Wyman, George and James Whidden, Caleb Goodwin and Samuel Metcalf.
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HISTORY OF KENNEBEC COUNTY.
Bean, Luther Lamb, Martin Ward, Jonathan Furber, John Hobbie, Jabez Jenkins, Jabez Crowell (over 100 years old), Barnum Hodges, Daniel, John and Amos Richards (brothers), Samuel Branch and Mr. Gliddon.
CIVIL LISTS .- The Selectmen of Winslow, with dates of first elec- tion and the number of years of service, have been: 1771, Ezekiel Pattee, 19, Timothy Heald, 3, John Tozer, 4; 1772, Robert Crosby, Zimri Haywood, 4; 1773, Joseph Carter; 1774, John McKechnie, 4; 1775, Jonah Crosby, 7, Manuel Smith; 1777, Solomon Parker, 5; 1778, Ephraim Osborn; 1781, David Webb; 1784, Benjamin Runnels, 3; 1785, James Stackpole, 9; 1789, Joseph Cragin; 1790, Asa Soule, 5; 1791, Josiah Hayden, 10; 1792, David Pattee, 2; 1794, Benjamin Chase, Oba- diah Williams; 1785, Arthur Lithgow, 2; 1796, Daniel Carter; 1797, Elnathan Sherwin, 5; 1798, Reuben Kidder; 1799, Jonathan Combs, 3; 1800, J. Fairfield; 1802, Thomas Rice, Thomas Smiley, 6; 1803, Charles Hayden, 11. Ephraim Town, 4; 1804, Mordacai Blackwell, 5, Seth Swift; 1809, Samuel Paine, 14, Raymond Smith, 9; 1812, Stephen Crosby, Ambrose Howard, 10; 1813, Timothy Heald; 1814, Francis Swan; 1815, Joshua Cushman; 1817, Sidney Keith, 4; 1819, William Stratton, 4, Peter Talbot, 3; 1824, David Garland, 10, Amasa Dingley, Stephen Abbott; 1825, Jabez Jenkins, 4; 1829, Tufton Simson, 4; 1830, Luther R. Lamb, Clark Drummond, 6; 1831, Joseph Eaton, 2; 1832, Joseph Hardison, 2; 1834, George Abbott; 1835, Robert Ayer, 14, Jonas Hamlin, 4; 1837, William Bassett, 11; 1839, Tufton Simson, 6, Nathan Stevens, 2; 1840, Jonathan Furber, 4, 1841, Charles Drum- mond, 2; 1843, Cyrus C. Sanborn; 1844, Edmund Getchell, 2; 1845, Arnold Palmer: 1846, Isaac W. Britton, 2; 1847, William E. Drum- mond; 1848, Charles H. Keith; 1849, Robert Ludwig; 1850, Asher H. Learned; 1851, Charles Cushman, Philander Soul; 1852, R. R. Drum- mond, 2; Sullivan Abbott, 3; 1853, Hanes L. Crosby, 4; 1854, Simon Guptill, 4; 1855, Calvin Taylor; 1858, Charles C. Stratton, 2; 1860, Amasa Dingley, 2; 1862, Colby C. Cornish, 10; Josiah C. Hutchinson, 11. T. J. Hinds, 4; 1866, Charles Hodges, 2; 1868, Silas R. Getchell, 6, James W. Withee; 1870, George W. Files, 3, Llewellyn E. Hodges, 3; 1871, O. T. Wall, 3; 1872, Charles E. Cushman, 2; 1874; Ira E. Getchell, 2; 1875, C. R. Drummond; James P. Taylor, 7; 1877, Allen P. Varney, 6; 1881, B. Frank Towne, 2; 1883, Charles E. Warren, 6, George W. Reynolds, 2; 1884, David F. Guptill, 4, George T. Nickerson; 1885, Sidney K. Fuller, 3: 1887, Stephen Nichols; 1888, H. T. Dunning, 3; 1889, Albert G. Clifford, 3, and Heman S. Garland, 3.
Town Clerks: Ezekiel Pattee was elected clerk in 1771 and in 1782; Zimri Haywood in 1781; Solomon Parker, 1785: James Stackpole, 1786; Ezekiel Pattee, 1788; Josiah Hayden, 1792; Asa Redington, 1796; Josiah Hayden, 1797: Edmund Freeman, 1798; Jeremiah Fairfield, 1800; Charles Hayden, 1802; Hannibal Keith, 1823; Charles Hayden, 1825;
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TOWN OF WINSLOW.
David Garland, 1834; Sidney Keith, 1837; David Garland, 1838; Asa Burnham, 1842; Colby C. Cornish, 1850; Robert Ayer, 1853; C. C. Cor- nish, 1856; Robert Ayer, 1859; C. C. Cornish, 1863; Charles H. Keith, 1866; B. C. Paine, 1869; Josiah W. Bassett, the present clerk, in 1870.
Treasurers: Ezekiel Pattee also served as town treasurer from 1771 to 1794, except 1781, when Zimri Haywood served. Timothy Heald succeeded in 1794; Nehemiah Getchell, 1796; Timothy Heald, 1797; James Stackpole, 1798; Timothy Heald, 1799; Asa Redington, 1800; Charles Hayden, 1802; Thomas Rice, 1803; Josiah Hayden, 1804; Charles Hayden, 1806; Herbert Moore, 1807; Thomas Rice, 1810; Josiah Hayden, 1813; Lemuel Paine, 1814; Frederick Paine, 1816; Francis Swan, 1822; Frederick Paine, 1824; Thomas Rice, 1830; Fred- erick Paine, 1831; Nathaniel Garland, 1832; Ambrose Howard, 1834; David Garland, 1835; Ambrose Howard, 1851; Hiram Simpson, 1854; B. C. Paine, 1856; Hiram Simpson, 1857; Hanes L. Crosby, 1860; Jo- siah C. Hutchinson, 1862; B. C. Paine, 1869; Reuben Moore, 1870; Jo- siah C. Hutchinson, 1872; Llewellyn E. Hodges, 1875; B. Frank Towne, 1881; Albert Fuller, 1883; James P. Taylor, 1888; George S. Getchell, 1889, and R. O. Jones, 1892.
George Warren, who came before 1791, was the first lawyer. Gen- eral Ripley, afterward the hero of the battle of Lundy's Lane, Canada; Lemuel Paine, the father of Henry W. Paine, and Thomas Rice, were lawyers who lived and practiced in Winslow between 1790 and 1830. The first two were partners. The oldest inhabitant does not remember the time when there was a resident doctor in town, except Doctor Stockbridge -- very early-and yet the town has long been noted for the longevity of its people.
TRADERS .- The word trader very appropriately applies to the em- bryo merchant who locates in a forest and buys, or swaps commod- ities with the original inhabitants. Christopher Lawson in 1653, and Richard Hammond and Clark & Lake about 1675, are all the names of this class we know who were located here before 1750. No less a man than Colonel William Lithgow was a trader in Fort Halifax after the French and Indian war. We next find Ezekiel Pattee in trade in the Fort house before the revolution. Here are some of the items charged to him in account with the Howards, of Augusta, in 1773: " Four brls. rum and one hhd. molasses-£99, 19, 0; 1 pair blankets £58; 500 20 penny nails, 1,000 8 penny nails £3, 6, 3; creditor by 28 moose skins 663, 7 brls salmon £94, Staves, shingles and rye shipped per sloop Phenix £54, 7, 6." Joel Crosby, also a trader of Winslow, sent on the same boat 113 barrels alewives, 6389, 17, to the Howards.
Arthur Lithgow, a son of Colonel Lithgow, followed his father in trade, and was the largest tax payer in Winslow in 1791. He moved to Augusta and was the first sheriff of Kennebec county. Richard Thomas, another historic personage, lived and traded in the fort. He
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HISTORY OF KENNEBEC COUNTY.
was succeeded by a trader named Brewer. Nathaniel Dingley had a store in one of the blockhouses belonging to the fort, and William Pitt used the blockhouse now standing as a fancy store. Mrs. Free- man remembers his giving her a pair of kid gloves in that place when she was a girl. On his farm up the river, now owned by Dr. H. H. Campbell, Benjamin " King " Runnels kept a store for years.
The next was Nathaniel B. Dingley -- one of the most active men of his times-a large farmer, a lumberman and shipbuilder. The trade of what is now Benton, Clinton, Albion, China and Unity, at one time came to his store.
Since then the following men have traded in Winslow: Major Swan, Eaton & Safford, S. & J. Eaton, Robert Ayer, C. C. Cornish, Ayer Brothers, Hiram Simpson, D. C. & D. B. Paine, Cornish & Bas- sett, B. C. Paine, J. W. Withee, J. R. Rierson, O. L. Johnson, Simpson & Spaulding, F. L. Simpson, Nelson Brothers and J. W. Bassett, who has been in business thirty-five years and is the only trader in town on the south side of the Sebasticook. On the north side of the river A. K. Mason has traded since 1888.
TAVERNS .- Probably the pioneer tavern keeper in old Winslow was Ezekiel Pattee. His daughter, Mrs. Elizabeth Freeman, says he kept tavern in Fort Halifax and entertained company from Boston who asked a great many questions about that locality. At one time Aaron Burr was their guest.
We learn by the town records that at the "inn" of Richard Thomas a town meeting was held November 3, 1794. He, too, lived in the fort, till he built the Halifax House in 1798. This house, which was burned in 1865, stood between the old fort well and the river.
After Mr. Thomas'death this house was sold to John Richards. who kept tavern there for a while and sold it to Hiram Simpson, who kept the last tavern on this side of the river. South of the Sebasticook Nathaniel Dingley kept tavern at an early day in a house with a brick front. He was followed by Job Richards, in the same building.
MILLS .- The first saw mill in Winslow probably had a grist mill for a running mate, built at the same time, and quite likely under the same roof. The mills were built before 1770, and, in the opinion of Mr. E. A. Paine, at the expense of the Kennebec proprietors, to en- courage the settlers and induce more to come. The builder was Ben- jamin Runnels, then living at Pownalboro, who was a soldier in the revolutionary war, being a blacksmith. He helped forge the chain that kept the British from going up the Hudson river. In 1778 he moved to Winslow-was a farmer, trader, lumberman and speculator, and a representative to the general court, and was buried on land now belonging to Doctor Campbell.
The next saw mill on this stream was situated about twenty rods
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TOWN OF WINSLOW.
above and was owned by the Norcross family, who probably built it. David Garland, who worked in it in 1819, said there were ruins of a double mill a few rods below-undoubtedly the old proprietors' mill, built a half century before. Franklin Hayden moved the Norcross mill a few rods further up stream, in which work he fell and lost his life on election day in 1840. He was to have been married that same evening. His brother, Thomas, took the mill after his death. It was in use till near 1880.
Following this stream up three-fourths of a mile we come to a saw mill built by Major Josiah Hayden nearly one hundred years ago. In 1822 he bought a grist mill of John Drummond and moved it close to the side of his saw mill. His son, Thomas J. Hayden, succeeded to the property and placed in the upper story of the building a grain thresher and separator that were worn out and have been replaced with better ones. The grist mill originally had two runs of stones, one of which has been taken out. This mill property has always remained in the family, being owned and managed now by W. Vinal Hayden, a grand- son of the builder.
On the opposite side of the Hayden mill pond is a bed of fine clay. About seventy-five years ago William Hussey and Ambrose Bruce built a factory on this dam and established a pottery that became quite famous. Mr. Hussey was something of an artist in his line and manu- factured a variety of earthen ware. Most of the milk pans then in use by the housewives in this section were his handiwork. His goods were in great demand. He would make up a hundred dollars worth and have a good time on the proceeds before making another batch. Too fond of convivial enjoyments, a business that might have been largely increased was allowed to decline and finally to collapse.
On the same stream, two miles above, John Getchell built in 1791, and for years ran, a saw mill on the west side, where the woolen mill now is. Between 1820 and 1830 a company composed of Joseph South- wick, Howland, Pruden and Moses Taber, built a hemp mill on the east side of the stream and distributed seed among the farmers. Hemp was grown, but its manufacture did not pay. About 1830 Church and William Bassett, from Bridgewater, Mass., bought the property and made shingles and barrel staves and put in carding machines. Church bought his brother out and started a woolen mill. He sold a part of the power to -- Wilber, who made shingles and had a grain thresher and separator. Farming was profitable, Bassett also had a threshing machine and competition was brisk. The saw mill burned in 1846. In 1851 Edmund Getchell and his sons, Ira E. and Leonard, bought one-fourth of the water privilege on the west side and built a shop in which for fifteen years they made shingles and did wood working of various kinds, making large lots of spade handles for gold diggers' use in California. In 1857 John D. Lang,
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HISTORY OF KENNEBEC COUNTY.
Henry W., Theodore W. and Charles A. Priest bought the east side privilege and built a grist mill, and changed the woolen mill into a shoe peg manufactory. To the latter business Charles A. Priest turned his entire attention, inventing a machine for cutting shoe pegs that made him independent of a patent that had monopolized the cut- ting of these wooden nails for years. His trade extended to Liver- pool, England, where one firm took 1,000 barrels of pegs a year at sixty cents a bushel.
A fire in 1865 burned all buildings on the east side. The Priest brothers then sold the grist mill privilege to John D. Lang, who then built the present grist mill. Charles A. Priest rebuilt his peg mill and continued that business till they were no longer used in large quantities. He now uses the building for a job shop in wood or iron work. About 1880 Mr. Priest and Charles A. Drummond bought the grist mill of Mr. Lang, and Albert Cook built the shoddy mill now run by Cook & Jepson.
Early in the present century John Drummond built, on the brook that has ever since been called by his name, near the river road, a grist mill, in which were two runs of stones. This mill was operated by him till 1822, when he sold it to Major Josiah Hayden, and built a saw mill in its place. This stream, never large or constant, became much smaller as the forests were cut off, until it failed to furnish water enough to run the saw mill with any profit, after about 1840.
Frederick Paine had a plaster mill on Clover brook that did busi- nesš from 1820 to 1870.
On the stream running from Mud to Pattee's pond, John Getchell built and ran a saw mill before 1795. Isaac Dow afterward repaired it and made shingles there. One half mile below on the same stream was Alden's saw mill, which ran down and was rebuilt by Esquire Brackett, who lost his life in it in 1840, by a blow from the saw frame. John Brimner sawed lumber in it for years, after which shingles were made there till about 1870.
Ezra Crosby built in 1807 a saw mill on the Wilson stream three miles from the river. After operating it several years, he sold it to Ephriam Wilson, who sawed lumber thirty years and sold it to Amos Foss.
At the mouth of the Pattee stream on the bank of the Sebasticook, Stephen Crosby in 1780, built and operated a saw mill and a grist mill. They were worn out before 1830. Joel Larned built the next saw mill and ran it twenty-five years. About 1845 Zimri Haywood built on the same dam a plaster mill, grinding Nova Sootia stone brought up the river on the old fashioned long boats. No plaster was ground after about 1870. Abijah Crosby then bought the property and put in a shingle mill. Fred Lancaster and Charles Drake, the present propri-
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TOWN OF WINSLOW.
etors, bought the property next, and put a circular saw in the mill, which is one of the few now running in town.
Ebenezer Heald was granted 300 acres of land in Winslow in 1790. Scon after this he built a saw and a grist mill on the Bog brook, both of which mills served their day and generation and peacefully passed away before 1810. Jefferson Hines built a second grist mill there, in which John Nelson put a shingle machine. The whole establishment broke camp in the flood of 1832.
Just above, on the same stream, Asher Hines and Thomas Smiley built a double saw mill that worked its life away for its owners. Their sons replaced it with a new mill, that had passed its prime when the freshet of 1832 induced it to retire from business, and it has had no successor.
The large steam saw mill, built by Edward Ware in 1890, stands on the historic ground of Fort Point. These premises, which were leased of the Lockwood Company, include the larger part of the palisade en- closure of old Fort Halifax. The main building, over 300 feet long, is filled with all modern appliances for cutting lumber. An engine of 300 horse power, and the labor of sixty-five men cut nearly a million feet of lumber per month for eight months of the year, besides about 3,000,000 each, of shingles and lath. This immense output is mostly dimension lumber for the Boston markets, and is made from logs floated from the timber sections of the upper Kennebec.
The largest pulp and paper mill in Kennebec county is being built in Winslow by the Hollingsworth & Whitney Company, on the east bank of the Kennebec, at a cost of three quarters of a million dollars. For this purpose sixty acres of land, extending three-fourths of a mile along the river, were purchased of the Lockwood Company. An im- mense dam has been thrown across the river at the north end of the property, and a canal has been dug around it that will transform the entire purchase into an island. The buildings are about 800 feet long, requiring in their construction 15,000 cubic yards of solid stone masonry, and 2,500,000 brick. Two machines of the largest capacity, making paper 134 inches wide, are already in position. This mill, combining every modern appliance, will convert into pulp logs con- taining 6,000,000 feet of lumber per year, from which twenty-four tons of manilla paper will be manufactured each day.
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