USA > Michigan > Marquette County > Marquette > History Of The Diocese Of Sault Ste, Marie And Marquette; Containing A Full And Accurate Account Of The Development Of The Catholic Church In Upper Michigan, With Portraits Of Bishops, Priests And Illustrations Of Churches Old And New, Volume 1 > Part 20
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29
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Bail 4%.
Gemeftral-Beugniß.
- and Sman you Hokauge samm Holland geburtig, bat ben Borlefungen über die Lehrgegenstände des ersten Jahrganges der philosophischen Studien im Stubienjahre 1832. am t. t. Enceum zu Laibach benge- mohut, und ben den öffentlichen Prüfungen Deszom Man Gemefters folgende Rlaffen erhalten:
Sehrgegenftand.
Bleif im Befudbe Der Borlefungen
Fortgang.
of Shipping
Naming
Philosophie = = = = = =
nym phing ting
Reine Elementar: Mathematil :
mayor Elayo. -
Lateinifche Philologie = = =
Gein fittliches Betragen mar Den atabemifthen Disciplinar-Bor- idriften hollforum gemäß.
Bu Urfunde Deffen haben mir gegenwartiges Zeugnis mit unferer Un terfchrift und mit Dem Giegel Des f.f. Directorate Der philofopbifden Studien befraftiget.
Laibach am 2 Ron aiging R 1832.
Erinin. t. t. Director . Der philofopbifopen Stobien.
Profeforen :
Leopold v. Strasznieki. Prof. S. MalgumaTil.
BISHOP MRAK'S CERTIFICATE IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL COURSE.
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it will be directed unto prosperity and that the orthodox religion will increase. Ac- cepting with prompt devotion the burden placed upon your shoulders, you will faithfully undertake the said care and administration and with prudence ex- ercise them that the aforesaid church may truly rejoice in a prudent ruler, and that
and communion with the Apostolic See, inviting two bishops to act as his as- sistants, or if they cannot easily be had, in their stead, two secular priests in ec- clesiastical dignity, or if they cannot be had, either, then secular priests only, or of any order or regular institution, en- joying like favors and communion with
tubien -Beugniß.
,
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Prüfung im fortgange die ERSTE State and UBOzuge erhalten.
Bu Urfunde Defen haben mir gegenmartiges Beugniß mit unferer Untere idrift und mit Dem Siegel Der philosophischen Gatultat betraftiget. Laibad am S. Juli. +83.
Jmah. t. t. Director der philoforbilden Studien.
Young Bli's a. c. Profeffor.
BISHOP MRAK'S CERTIFICATE IN BOTANY.
besides the eternal retribution, you said See; and We grant the same Prelate henceforth fully merit Our favor and the faculty, in like manner, lawfully to bestow upon you the aforesaid gift of consecration with Our Apostolic Author- ity, after having first received from you the profession of Faith proposed by Our See and the usual oath of due fidelity. We will, however, and decree that if blessing and that of the Apostolic See. As for the rest, looking with favor upon your own convenience, We accord to you the faculty to receive licitly and validly the gift of consecration from any Catholic Prelate, whom you may choose, in favor
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without having first received from you this oath and the profession of Faith the said Prelate presumes to bestow upon you the gift of consecration, and you to receive it, the aforesaid Prelate as well as you, by the very fact, be suspended from the Pontifical office and from the govern- ment as well as from the administration of your churches. Nothwithstanding the Apostolic constitutions and ordinances as well as those of the aforesaid church. be they substantiated by oath or Apostolic confirmation or any other firmity, statute, usage or anything else whatsoever to the contrary. Given in Rome, at St. Peter's, under the Fisherman's ring, the 25th of September, 1868, the twenty third year of Our Pontificate.
N. CARD. PARANIANI-CLARELLI.
In virtue of this Apostolic letter Father Ignatius Mrak was consecrated bishop of Sault Ste. Marie and Marquette, in Cin- cinnati on the seventh day of February, 1869, in the very same Cathedral and by the very same Archbishop and Bishops as his predecessor. They made the follow- ing attest of consecration, written in the hand of the archbishop.
"On the 7th day of February, 1869, be- ing Sunday of Quinquagesima, upon the strength and by virtue of these Apostolic Letters, we have conferred the gift of episcopal consecration upon the Rt. Rev. Ignatius Mrak, in Our Cathedral church with the assistance of two venerable bishops who have signed this with Us. JOHN MARTIN, J. B. PURCELL,
Bishop of Milwaukee. Archbishop. PETER P. LEFEVERE.
Bishop of Zela, Coadj, Administrator of Detroit."
Other officers of the Mass were Revs. Caspar Borges, H. Doane of Newark, N. J., Otto Jair, O. S. F., Dr. Joseph Salzmann of St. Francis Seminary, Milwaukee, John C. Albrink, of Reading, William J. Halley and G. Glass. The celebrated Father Wen- inger preached the sermon. Many other prominent clergymen were in the sanctuary but no priest of the Marquette diocese was present for reasons of long distance and in- commodity of travel.$ After two weeks Bishop Mrak went by way of Chicago and Milwaukee to Green Bay, Wis. From that city he advised Father Jacker, on 27th of February. of his intended arrival. There was no connecting railway between Esca- naba and Fort Howard, the distance of one hundred and twenty miles had to be traversed by stageing. Monday, March Ist, he started for his own terri- tory and reached Escanaba in the morn- ing of the third day-the 3rd of March. He was met by Father Bourion, who ac- companied his new Ordinary, by rail, to Negaunee. From here, there was a rail- way to Marquette but its time table was always subject to the conditions of the weather. It was a bitter cold day and the wheels did not turn that day. There- fore two stages had come out to meet the new bishop, one for him and the other bearing a committee, Messrs. T. Moore, Louis Preville and John Thoney. A brief formality of introduction took place before the stages turned homeward. The simplicity of the Bishop, in manners and above all in his dress, made a deep im- pression upon his companions. In Mar-
$ Wahrheitsfreund, Cincinnati, 10 Febr. 1869.
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HISTORY OF THE DIOCESE OF
quette they were used to the simple ways and habits of Bishop Baraga but his successor surpassed him. Between three and four o'clock, the jingling of the sleigh bells and the ringing of the Cathe-
The stages had halted at the most con- venient place of entrance to the house, the kitchen door. Following Father Bourion, Bishop Mrak entered, bundled up in his rather strange attire, a fur cap drawn over
LECTURIS SALUTEM!
P ræsentibus hisce literis testamur D. froch Ignatium Carniol. Holaole a) Porland. in C. R. Labaiensi Scientiarum Lyceo prælectiones umverda Theologia morate persiligenter exupifse
publico finali in classem Primam - atque in examine
relatum esse.
Mores quod attinet , legibus academicis imprimir conformes exhibuit.
In quorum fidem has ei manu nostra subscriptas et Directo- ratus sigillo munitas dedimus.
Labai die 27. mensis avuli 7836.
Vidi Setuprange Go cath . Lab. Ean .
C. R. Studii theologici
Director.
Josephus Dagaringa Professor publ. ord. Theologia moralis.
BISHOP MRAK'S CERTIFICATE IN MORAL THEOLOGY.
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dral bell announced to the people of Mar- quette the approach of their chief-pastor. All who could find room in the sacred edifice crowded in, patiently waiting for the first appearance of the new Bishop.
his ears, a shabby ulster, a colored shawl around his neck and a pair of lumber- man's mits, all of questionable antiquity. In the woman's domain they shall not pass without showing their passports!
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'Where is the bishop?' queried the lady who had taken charge of the culinary de- partment for the occasion. 'There he is,' pointing to Bishop Mrak, replied Father Bourion. 'You cannot fool us' was the laconic retort. It required the combined authority of Fathers Bourion and Jacker before the good ladies sank on their knees craving, with humble apologies, his par- don and blessing.
For the church ceremony a programme had been mapped out by the administrator and his advisers. Father Jacker, as the first in authority, was to introduce the new Bishop and Father Fox to deliver an address of welcome on behalf of the clergy and the people. But the good Bishop offset their plans. 'I have no Apostolic letters with me,' he said, 'they are all in my baggage which I was com- pelled to leave behind in Green Bay, the stagemen refusing to take more than the passengers on account of the heavy roads. I have not even my cassocks. The in- thronization shall take place next Sunday by which time, I hope, my effects will have arrived!' All explanation, that on ac- count of the poor heating facilities the furnace had been fired continually for three days, so as to have the church even moderately warm, and that now the people of all creeds were assembled proved of no avail. The Bishop donned a cleric's black cassock and followed the society in waiting, accompanied by Fathers Jacker, Fox and Bourion to the Cathedral. He gave a few words of explanation announc. ing his solemn inthronization for the fol- lowing Sunday and after the benediction of the Blessed Sacrament the congrega- tion dispersed.
Sunday March 7th, the inthronization
took place, according to the wishes of the Bishop, but not a dozen people were pres- ent on account of the prevailing cold. He celebrated a Pontifical Highmass and be- fore he reached the consecration the wine in the chalice had frozen to solid ice, so that Caspar had to heat cloths to thaw it.
Bishop Mrak found in his actual diocese fourteen priests, the Revs. Jacker, Fox, Menet, S.J., Burns, Duroc. Walsh, Dwyer, Sweeney, Vertin, Terhorst, Orth, Thiele, Bourion, Magnee, and eighteen churches : Marquette, Sault Ste. Marie, three on Sugar Island, Mackinac, St. Ig- nace, Eagle Harbor, Cliff, Houghton, Hancock, Greenland, Minnesota Mine, Norwich, Ontonagon, Mission, Negaunee and Escanaba, with a Catholic population of 20,000. The Lower Michigan and the Wisconsin missions over which Bishop Baraga exercised jurisdiction had fallen back, upon his death, to their proper bish- op. On September 6th, 1868, Rt. Rev. Michael Heiss was consecrated first bish- op of the new Diocese of La Crosse, as- suming charge of all missions within the boundary of his diocese; and on the 4th of March 1869, one month after Bishop Mrak's consecration, Bishop Lefevere died. Thus the agreement made for the care of those missions, had become wholly extinct. But strangely enough Beaver Island had been retained by Fath- er Jacker, as administrator, and after- wards by Bishop Mrak. The reason for this so strange action may be sought only in the fact, that the Brief establishing the Vicariate Apostolic, afterwards the Diocese of Sault Ste. Marie and Mar- quette, mentions "Upper Peninsula and the adjacent islands," as the territory of
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the diocese. Beaver Island was the only island having a resident priest. Rev. Peter Gallagher who was ordained for the Marquette Diocese. Even this theory
it may, the fact remains that Beaver Is- land remained over two years after Bara- ga's death under his successor's jurisdic- tion, who might have kept it longer were
LECTURIS SALUTEM!
Presentibus hisce literis testamur, 2. Mrak Ignat., Barn. Fotole j. holland , Diveces. Labrc . - in C. R. Labauna Scientiarum Lyceo pralectiones en Shed. Dogmatica deligentifarine frequentofse. atque in examine
publico finali in classem Verano
relatum esse.
5
Mores quod attinet, legibus academicis injornais conforme exhibuit.
In quorum fidem has ei manu nostra subscriptas et Directo- ratus sigillo munitas dedimus.
Labaci die 27. mensis Juli 1836 .
Vidi Glupane
Es wath. Lab. Can.
C. R. Studii theologici
Director.
Dr. Crudo. Gollmay Cher. Soym. Professor publ. and.
BISHOP MRAK'S CERTIFICATE IN DOGMATIC THEOLOGY.
does not seem very reasonable, as the is- land is too far distant from the Upper Michigan territory to have been meant as one of "the adjacent islands." Be this as
it not for an unexpected turn of things. Soon after his taking charge of the dio- cese Bishop Mrak became cognizant of the fact that three priests, having charge
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of souls, had been ordained by his prede- cessor without the regular theological education. To convince himself of their knowledge they were cited for an exami- nation which, however, proved disastrous and two of them were promptly retired in the fall of 1869. In the spring of 1871 he likewise, announced himself on Beaver Island with the intention of measuring the theological knowledge of its pastor. Being forewarned and having a certain presentiment as to the ultimate outcome, he told his parishioners of the approach- ing friendly visit of the Bishop and stated that on account of the change of admin- istration in both dioceses the Bishop, to whom he properly belonged, would in all likelihood take him away. Father Gal- lagher was a splendid Gaelic orator and his parishioners were all Irish. Loath to lose him, because Sunday after Sunday he spoke to them in their native tongue, and for that matter was the only priest in many states capable of speaking fluently the language of their fathers, they hit upon a strategem. There was only one small steamboat making her regular, but infrequent, trips to the Island and the Bishop could come only on that one. Careful watch was kept; and as the boat steamed to her dock with the Bishop on board he was allowed to pass his way under usual acclamations but the captain was told in unmistakable terms that un- less he left immediately and took the Bishop along his boat would be burned. He knew there was not much blarney in the threat; the boat was the embodiment of his earthly possession and his course was plain to him. He looked up the Bish- op, informed him of the situation, adding that the craft may not return to the Is-
land in another month. The Bishop un- willing to remain in the hostile camp for an indefinite time, departed from the Is- land. The successful scheme was plain to him as to the attained purpose and upon reaching home, with a stroke of the pen. he passed the priest and the parish from his jurisdiction.
As much as he had hesitated to accept the episcopal burden, Bishop Mrak, had dutifully announced to the Holy Father his consecration. In response, under date of March 10, 1869, the Supreme Pontiff, above his own signature, most lovingly encourages the bishop in his duty as chief pastor of souls in his diocese. He par- ticularly lays stress on the proper edu- cation of the young clergy, on the instruc- tion of children, etc.
The first ordained by Bishop Mrak was Rev., now Monsignor. Charles Lang- ner, July 23, 1869. September 19, 1869, he ordained Rev. John N. Stariha, now bishop of Lead. S. D.
September 5th Bishop Mrak solemnly consecrated the cemetery near the D. S. S. & A. R. R. tracks with the assistance of Fathers Martin Fox and Charles Langner.
For this year the Oecumenical Council had been called to convene at the Vatican on December 8th. In the Brief of Indic- tion, Aeterni Patris, Pope Pius IX. says : "Hence we will and command that all the Venerable Brethren, the Patriarchs, Arch- bishops and Bishops everywhere, so also the beloved sons, the Abbots, and all other persons, whose right or privilege it is to take part in General Councils, come to this Oecumenical Council, convoked by Us." 9 In obedience to this call of the º Acta et Decreta Conc. Vat. I. p. 48.
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Supreme Pontiff Bishop Mrak also made clerics, was assigned assistant to Rev. preparations for his departure to the Honoratus Bourion at Negaunee, while Eternal City. Having attended to the Rev. Charles Langner was made to suc- diocesan affairs as best he knew them in ceed Père Duroc, who was leaving for
LECTURIS SALUTEM!
Presentibus hisce literis testamur, D. Oral Fam Carniok. Hotonline. Dioces. Sabine~ in C. R. Jadaceni Scientiarum Lyceo prelectiones e Prece. Quitarne_ diligentiforme excipien atque in examine
publico Finali in classem pozaman
relatum esse.
Mores quod attinet , legibus academicis azprimi conformes exhibuit.
In quorum fidem has ei manu nostra subscriptas et Directo- ratus sigillo munitas dedimus.
Labai die 22. mensis Lulu 783%.
Vidi Gotupany
El. canta. Lab.Com
C. R. Studii theologici
Professor publ. 2.
Director.
BISHOP MRAK'S CERTIFICATE IN PASTORAL THEOLOGY.
the short time, he entrusted the adminis- tration into the hands of Father Edward Jacker. Father Stariha, one of the young
France, as second pastor of Escanaba. In the latter part of September the Bishop left for Rome. He arrived in time to be
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present at the prosynodal meeting, on De- cember 2nd. That he took any other part in the deliberations than that common to the six hundred bishops present, would be hard to say. It is certain that he did not remain till the end of the Council,10 and was not present when the vote on Infalli- bility was cast, Tuesday, May 18, 1870.
of the decree of the Infallibility, July 18, 1870, was the declaration of the Franco- Prussian War, in the trail of which were many evil consequences for the Church. Emperor Napoleon III. was captured and dethroned, the French army was de- stroyed and whole France temporarily paralyzed. Hereto-fore restrained by the
Reverendo Domino Ignatio i Hrak, neo- ordinato Presbytero Diociescos Nostra. primum summ sairosane, Aum Milso sairifrirum in Exilesia parochiali & Martini in Villand offerendi hisie, ea tamen lege livendiam da, mus, ut omnem pompand saiularen at firepitum pro, fanum devitet, et a R. D. Reikore profate Elenco teslim omum afferat , Primitivas Decenter celebrates . fussel
C Exofficio ensespali Labai Die in. augusti 1837. Portaminas Hoynis, Enricopust
FACSIMILE OF PERMISSION TO REV. IGNATIUS MRAK TO CELEBRATE HIS FIRST MASS IN HIS PARISH CHURCH.
Coincident to the day of promulgation
10 Illustrissime ac Reverendissime Domine. His certiorem Te reddo, S. S. D. N. Pium P. IX. causa cognita et probata juxta Litteras Apos- tolicas. Multiplices inter, die 27, novembris 1869 num. IX. ob spirituales Ecclesiae Tuae necessi- tate's, quas exposuisti in libello supplici ea de re die 28. Martii h. a. exhibito, veniam discedendi a Concilio et in propriam Diocesim redeundi, in Audientia die 5. hujus mensis a me infra scripto Secretario habita, Tibi benigne concessisse.
Ceterum hac occasione usus profiteor eximiae observantiae meae sensus, in quibus persisto Amplitudinis Tuae humillimus ac devotissimus servus JOSEPHUS, Eppus. S. Hippolyti, Secretar. Concilii Vatic.
D. Romae e Secretaria SS. Oecumenici Concilii Vaticani d. 6. Aprilis 1870. Illmo ac Rmo. D. D. Ignatio Mrak.
Epo. Marianopolitano et Marquettensi. (Ar- chives Marquette).
power of France, Victor Emmanuel seized this opportunity to carry his long cherished desires into execution. After a short but gallant struggle, the small papal army was defeated on the 20th of Sep- tember. 1870 and Rome taken forcible possession of by the troops of the King- dom of Italy. In face of this dire calam- ity the continuation of the Council was rendered inadvisable and impossible, the Holy Father, therefore, by the bull Post- quam Dei munere, dated October 20, 1870, prorogued the Council until a more seasonable time.
Our Bishop Mrak, after a visit to his
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PETRUS!
PAULUS
LEFEVERE,
Dei et Apostolicae Sedis gratia, EPISCOPUS ZELANUS, COADIUITOR & ADMINISTRATOR DETROITENSIS,
Deluto Notes in Christo Suverendo De Lanation That Nostra Deausis Prashitais Salutim'
Quem adjutorim Reverendo Me Ji Piry missionario at Status= oud Aubrechois mitter and Die Glowan ammarum que Situation_ Magis at magis promovendem in Domino expedice judeaverimed: Nos de tua, Reverendel Domisi, potatiscuentra alisque Potibus plurimum in Domino confiantes, Te producto F. Piery adjuntorem & ficarum Deputamues. it a ist in regimine animorum Mius Mis: Dionis. ab illo immediate pendias. Facultates Tube alias concelled confirmamos per presentes, at revocationen usque Valituras
Natur Detroitin of Ovibus Episcopalibus Sub Signo Sigettagen. Nostro Dr Secretaria Nostre Subscriptione
Die Sistema Octobreis to D. 1845
+ Petrus Paulus Spus sel. Goody.
De mandato fellow a trimis Epis Lam Filmy Siën
FACSIMILE OF LETTER APPOINTING REV. IGNATIUS MRAK ASSISTANT TO FATHER PIERZ AT ARBRE CROCHE.
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native country, effected passage for him- self and a student, Luke Možina, on a packet sailing from Trieste to Glasgow. The boat went down the east coast of Italy and put into a Sicilian port to take on a cargo of sulphur. Being the eve of the feast of the Assumption, the Bishop was anxious to celebrate Mass next morning in case the ship remained long enough at the wharf. Assured of this opportunity he went ashore to make ar- rangements. When he presented himself to the pastor he was accorded a most hearty welcome. No bishop had visited this town for several years. The Ordi- nary, explained the priest, was an old man and on account of age and infirmity had omitted coming to this out-of-the- way place and since his demise, over a year ago, no appointment had yet been made. The news of the American Bish- op's presence rapidly spread and the Sici- lians became so enthusiastic over the un- expected honor that they immediately proceeded returning the compliment by a parade through the town. Cessation from work was so complete that there were not enough hands left to load the ship. Sug- gestion was made that the Bishop also give Confirmation which had not been ad- ministered for several years. A courier was dispatched and the Vicar of the Chapter readily granted the necessary permission. Only the third day, after the Confirmation, the religious ardor suffi- ciently abated so that the ship-master could load his boat Chagrined at the de- lay the Captain upbraided the Bishop for being the cause of so much loss of time. He revenged himself by causing but one spoon, fork, and knife to be placed before
the Bishop and his companion, so that the student and the Bishop had to use them in common. Despite this slight discom- fort the good, old Bishop was secretly glad that he was not deprived of the transportation as other opportunities on account of the Franco-German blockade were few, and his means scant. On his way to Rome he had taken steerage but when found to be a bishop he was given a second class cabin without additional cost. After a necessarily slow voyage the boat safely reached Glasgow whence the Bishop took passage for America.
Bishop Mrak's absence from the dio- cese was an unusually long one and his absolute silence, for he had not written a line during all this time, almost became ominous, so that fears were actually en- tertained for his safety. Administrator Jacker was so much more anxious for his return as he had the sub-deacon Eis ready for ordination whose active services were badly needed in the ministry. But as long as the Bishop did not return to his See within one year, Father Jacker calculated having the sub-deacon ordained by the Bishop of Green Bay. Early in Septem- ber he sent Rev. Eis to Green Bay with a letter setting forth the circumstances. Accidentally Bishop Melcher was out of town and the candidate was asked to wait for his return. The hospitality of the pastors in the city made the wait very pleasant but it was not long. Bishop Mrak arrived unexpectedly in Marquette and the young candidate was at once re- called and ordained deacon on October 28th and two days later raised into the priesthood
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Chapter IX.
Returns from the Vatican Council .- Resumes his duties .- Attends the conferring of Pallium upon the first Archbishop of Milwaukee .- Lays down the rules and regulations for the government of the temporal affairs of parishes in the diocese .- Is stricken with sciatic rheumatism .- Resigns his office .- Returns to his Indian mission at Eagletown. Returns to Marquette .- His last days. His demise.
Taking again actual charge of his dio- cese, Bishop Mrak appointed his former administrator Vicar General, and com- missioned him to the new parish of Calu- met. In Marquette he retained the newly ordained Father Eis.
Bishop Mrak showed his good wisdom by being extremely careful whom he re- ceived into his diocese; more so with the students than with priests for obvious reasons. A certain young man had ap- plied for adoption into the diocese from Collegeville, Minn. On an occasional visit to the College, Father Eis was told to investigate his standing and as he was not recommended by the faculty, the Bishop refused to accept him. Neverthe- less the young man came to Marquette of his own accord and after a short trial by the Bishop was informed that he would do better seeking employment in the mines or elsewhere. He departed and went among the miners, but not to look for work. In a smooth story he told .
them on account of shortage in funds he was compelled to suspend his studies for priesthood, and that the Bishop had granted him permission to collect enough money required to complete his educa- tion. To give a semblance of truth to his story he endeavored to associate himself to the priests as much as possible and thus cleceive the good hearted into a liberal donation. When his operation became known to the Bishop, he caused a circular to be read from the pulpits in the diocese denouncing him as a fraud. On the Sun- day when the circular was read in the Cathedral by Father Eis, he happened to be present at Mass and he promptly shouted out 'Its a lie,' and hastily made his exit. After that he went to Calumet and succeeded in deceiving Father Jack- er, who, believing his stories admitted him in cassock and surplice into the sanc- tuary. The fact came to the knowledge of the Bishop, and for punishment he took the Vicar-Generalship from Father
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