USA > Michigan > Clinton County > History of Shiawassee and Clinton counties, Michigan > Part 17
USA > Michigan > Shiawassee County > History of Shiawassee and Clinton counties, Michigan > Part 17
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67
TENTH INFANTRY.
and evening of the 15th, shoes, elothing, and rations were issned to the troops, and everything was made ready for the forward march in the following morning.
At noon on the 16th of November, the Tenth Michigan -forming a part of the First Brigade, Second Division of the Fourteenth Army Corps-moved out with its com- panion regiments (the Fourteenth Michigan, the Sixteenth and Sixtieth Illinois, and the Seventeenth New York, all under Col. Robert F. Smith, as brigade commander), and took the road to Stone Mountain, Ga., near which place it bivouacked for the night. The march was resumed on the 17th, and was continued withont intermission, except the necessary halts, until the evening of the 21st, when the command eneamped several miles from Milledgeville, and remained quiet there during the following day. On the 23d the regiment resnmed the march, and on the 24th it passed through Milledgeville. It reached Louisville, the county-seat of Jefferson County, on the 28th, and camped there for three days, engaged in foraging and picket duty. Again, on the 1st of December, it moved forward, and, crossing the Savannah and Charleston Railroad on the 10th, arrived in front of Savannah (four and a half miles distant from the city) in the morning of the 11th. Ten days Jater Savannah was evacuated by the enemy and immedi- ately occupied by the forces of Gen. Sherman.
After a month's stay in Savannah, the Fourteenth Corps, including the Tenth Regiment, left the city (on the 20th of January, 1865) for the march through the Carolinas. The crossing of the Savannah River was made at Sister's Ferry, on the 5th of February. The Tenth remained here two days before moving north, and while here (February 6th) the non-veterans of the organization were mustered out of the service, just three years having expired since the com- pletion of the original muster at Camp Thomson.
The regiment reached Fayetteville, N. C., March 1Ith, and was there slightly engaged in a skirmish with the enemy. On the 12th it crossed the Cape Fear River, skir- mishing at Averysboro', and on the 16th was again engaged at the same place, losing three men killed. Moving in ad- vance of the corps on the 18th, six companies being de- ployed as skirmishers, they struck the enemy about noon, and a lively skirmish ensued. The regiment was ordered to take position at the junetion of the Smithfield and Goldsboro' roads, and during the night it was attacked, but repulsed the enemy, and held its position until relieved by troops of the Twentieth Corps, on the 19th, when it moved and formed on the right of the second line of battle at Ben- tonville. About four P.M. the enemy moved up in heavy masses, and charged the first line, but was repulsed. Then the Tenth with its brigade moved forward to the first line, and in a few minutes the enemy was discovered coming in on the left flank. The line was at once changed to the opposite side of the works, and, after pouring a volley into the ranks of the rebels, they were charged and driven with the bayonet, many prisoners and arms being taken. On the 20th the regiment skirmished during the entire day and night, and on the 21st moved towards Goldsboro', reaching there on the 23d. Moving from Goldsboro', it reached Smithfield April 10th and Raleigh April 13th. From Raleigh it moved to Avery's Ferry, forty-five miles
above Fayetteville, and lay there from the 15th to the 21st of April, when it moved to Holly Springs, on the road to Raleigh. On the 28th it was at Morseville, N. C., and there received the announcement that its campaigning was over and the war ended by the surrender of Johnston. In its passage through the two Carolinas the regiment had sus- tained a loss of fifteen, killed, wounded, and missing.
Moving north on the 30th of April, the Tenth arrived at Richmond, Va., May 7th, and remained there till the 10th, when it marched on towards Washington, reaching there about the 16th. It took part in the grand review of Gen. Sherman's army at the capital on the 24th. It moved on the 13th of June, and proceeded to Louisville, Ky., where it was mustered out of the service July 19th, and ordered to Michigan. It reached Jackson on the 22d, and was paid off and discharged Ang. 1, 1865.
The length and severity of this regiment's marches during its term of service were remarkable. It is shown that during 1862 and 1863 its foot-marches aggregated sixteen hundred miles ; that its marches in 1864 amounted to thirteen hundred and seventy-five miles, and those in 1865 to six hundred and twenty miles,-a total of three thousand five hundred and ninety-five miles ; this being exclusive of the distances accomplished by railroad and steamer. There were few, if any, regiments in the service whose marching record surpassed this. The brigade to which the Tenth was attached during the period of its re- markable marchings through Tennessee, Georgia, and Ala- bama was quite generally known among the men of the Southwestern army as " Morgan's brigade of Davis' foot- cavalry," the division being that commanded by Gen. Jeff. C. Davis.
MEMBERS OF THE TENTII INFANTRY FROM SIHIAWASSEE COUNTY.
Field and Staff.
Maj. Henry S. Burnett, Byron; com. Nov. 16, 1863; died in action at Jones- boro', Ga., Sept. 1, 1864.
Non-Commissioned Stoff.
Q. M .- Sergt. George A. Allen, Byron; enl. Oct. 20, 1861 ; pro. to 2d lient. Co. C.
Company A.
Capt. H. S. Burnett, Byron ; com. Oct. 4, 1861 ; pro. to major.
Capt. Samuel S. Tower, Byron ; com. May 20, 1865; 1st lieut., Feb. 24, 1865; sergeant; must. out July 19, 1865.
1st Lieut. Robert F. Gulick, Corunna ; com. Oct. 4, 'G1; resigned May 23, '62. Sergt. Jay J. Parkhurst, Byron ; enl. Oct. 24, 186] ; died in Mississippi, July 30, 1862.
Sergt. William B. P'ratt, Byron ; enl. Oct. 18, 1861 ; veteran, Feb. 6, 1864; pro. to 2d lient. Co. D.
Sergt. Charles Rice, Byron; enl. Oct. 12, 1861 ; veteran, Feb. 6, 1864; must, ont July 19, 1865.
Sergt. Delus Jewell, Byron.
Corp. John J. Campbell, Byron ; enl. Oct. 9, 1861 ; died of disease at home, July 30, 1862.
Corp. Marcus P. Andrews, Vernon ; enl. Oct. 19, 1861 ; veteran, Feb. 6, 1864 ; died of disease in hospital.
Musician William W. Barker, Newburgh; enl. Oct. 18, 18G1 ; died at Cincin- nati, O., June 27, 1862.
Musn. Riley W. Litchfield, Corunna; enl. Jau. 14, 1862; trans. to brigade band.
Wagoner Henry 11. Keyes, Byron ; diach. for disability, July 9, 1862. Robert Agnew, disch. for disability, Jan. 2, 1863.
William Brown, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; disch, by order, May 3, 1865. Jonas W. Botsford, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; must. ont July 19, 1863.
Miner R. Blake, corporal ; veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864 ; must. ont July 19, 1865. Henry Baird, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; must. out July 19, 1865. Martin Brayton, disch, Oct. 11, 1862.
Henry Brown, umust. ont July 19, 1865.
Horace S. Calkins, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; corporal ; orust. ont July 19, '65. Albert Campbell, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; Irans. to U. S. Eng., Sept. 25, 1864. Silas Crawford, must, out July 19, 1865.
68
IIISTORY OF SIHIAWASSEE AND CLINTON COUNTIES, MICHIGAN.
Jacob Croup, disch. fur disability, Feb. 11, 1862. Philip Chamberlain, disch, Ang. 5, 1802.
David C. Calkins, disch, for disability, June 24, 1862.
George Coffin, disch. for disability, Ang. 25, 1862.
Alfred Cronkite, died of disease at Farmington, Miss., July 5, 1862. Sheldon Dickson, died of disense at Farmington, Miss., July 22, 1862. I.nman Harris, disch, for disability, Dec. 23, 1802.
Ezekiel Jewell, must, ont July 19, 1865.
Thurlow L. Millard, died of disease on board steamer "Empress," Mississippi River, May 17, 1862.
Albert Martin, disch. for disability, Ang. 5, 1862.
William J. Mosely, disch, for disability, Oct. 24, 1862.
Corp. George E. Mills, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; mmst. ont July 19, 1865.
Orlando Mills, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; must. ont July 19, 1865.
Henry Miller, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; must. ont July 19, 1865.
Charles Newman, disch. for disability, Sept. 2, 1862. George A. Parker, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864 : disch. for disability, July 22, 1865. Thomas J. Pettis, disch. ut end of service, Feb. 6, 1865.
William J. l'arks, must. out July 19, 186'5.
Abram Reigle, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1804; must. ont July 19, 1865.
Philip Richardson, died at regt. hosp , Nashville, Tenn., March IJ, 1863.
Israel 11. Russell, disch, at vud of service, Feb, 6, 1865.
Corp. Auren Roya, disch, at end of service, Feb. 6, 1865.
Corp. Lemuel J. Smedley, disch, at end of service, Feb. 6, 1861.
Allen Stephens, disch, for disability, July 17, 1802.
Charles F. Stewart, disch, for disability, Nov. 26, 1862.
Ira 1. Sweet, disbarged Jan, 14, 1803.
George Stroud, died of disease at Farmington, Mich., May 30, 1862. Edwin R. Scully, died of disease at Pench-Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864.
William J. Tower, veteran, enl Feb. 6, 1864; disch, by order, June 12, 1865. Judd Vincent, dird nenr Goldsboro', N. C., March 23, 1865.
Edgar D. Welch, veteran, enl. Feb, 6, 1864; must. ont July 19, 1865. Peter Wooliver, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864; disch. by order, June 13, 1805. Gideon Whiting, discharged.
John Walworth.
Company B.
Ist Lient. Wm. Pratt, Byron ; com. May 20, 1865; 2d lieut. Co. D, May 8, 1865; must. out July 19, 1865.
Company C.
2d Lieut. Gep. A. Allen, Byron ; com. March 31, 1863; disch, at end of service, Feb. 6, 1865.
James M. Gillett, died of disease at Smith's Ferry, Dec. 2, 1863.
Edgar K. Grilly, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1864.
Frank Munger, died of disease at Farmington, Mich., July 11, 1862.
Hlemy Ostrander, died of disease at Tuscumbia, Ala , Aug. 22, 1862.
Alvah Remington, disch. at end of service, l'eb. G, 1865.
Damel Spear, disch, for disability, Sept. 5, 1862.
William E. Sprague, veteran, enl. Feb. 6, 1865.
Company G.
Mus. Philip Goodwin, Shiawassee; enl. Jan. 14, 1862; disch. for disability, March 4, 1863.
George R. Knapp, disch. at end of service, Feb. 5, 1865.
Company HI.
Nathan Findlay, must. ont July 19, 1865.
Albert Hill, disch. for disability, Sept. 3, 1863.
John Marshall, disch, by order, June 26, 1865.
John W. M. Parks, must, out July 19, 1865.
Company I.
William B. Gillett, disch. for disability, July 24, 1862. Duvid W. Gillett, disch, at end of service, March 10, 1865.
Company K.
Capt. Win. B. Walker, Owosso; com. May 8, 1865; Ist lieut. Nov. 8, 1864; 2d lieut. Co. B, July 20, 1864; must, ont July 19, 1865.
MEMBERS OF THE TENTHI INFANTRY FROM CLINTON COUNTY.
Company B.
Warren Chatfield, minst. out July 19, 1865. Sylvester lall, must. out July 19, 1865.
Company C.
Martin U. Payne, disch, by order, June 12, 1865.
Company E.
Jas. I'. Sulisbury, disch, by order, June 29, 1865.
CHAPTER X.
FOURTEENTH INFANTRY.
Organization at Ypsilanti-Campaigns in Mississippi and Alabama- March to Nashville-Service at Franklin and Columbia-Veteran Re. enlistment-Atlanta Campaign-March to the Sea and through the Carolinas-Battles of Averysboro' and Bentonville-March to Washington-Muster Out at Louisville, Ky.
THE volunteers from Shiawassee and Clinton Counties who served in the ranks of the Fourteenth Infantry were principally found in Companies D, E, and K, though a con- siderable number were scattered through several other companies. The two counties were about equally repre- seuted in " D" company, which received its first enlistment Oet. 11, 1861, and attained minimum strength December 12th. The original first and second lieutenants of this company were, respectively, Gilman MeClintock and Cyrus F. Jackson, of Owosso.
Company E was chiefly made up of Shiawassee County volunteers. The date of the first enlistment in this com- pany is Nov. 4, 1861, and it attained the minimum strength December 30th in the same year. Of its original officers, First Lient. C. C. Goodale and Second Lieut. Daniel Wait were residents of Owosso at the time of its organization. It contained a small number of men from Clinton County.
In Company K there were a few men from Shiawas- see County, but it was principally composed of Clinton County volunteers, recruited by John Kelly and Charles B. Rose, of Westphalia, and N. T. Jones, of Greenbush. Capt. Kelly became the company commander, and Rose was made first lieutenant, though in the recruiting of the company Mr. Jones had been named as its second officer. One of the county papers, dated Nov. 21, 1861, mentioned the recruiting of Capt. Kelly's company, as follows: " An artillery company is being raised by Capt. John Kelly, of Westphalia, to be attached to Col. Sinclair's [Fourteenth Infantry] regiment. The name of this company is ' Kelly's Clinton Dragoons.' " This raising of an artillery company, designated as dragoons, to form a part of an infantry regi- ment, is mentioned in this connection as being a rather re- markable military event.
The name of the company was changed soon afterwards, and it became known as the " Clinton Rangers." The first enlistment in it was made on the 7th of November; the company attained the minimum strength on the 1st of Jan- uary, 1862, and on the 3d of the same month it was re- moved to Ypsilanti, the regimental rendezvons. The two other companies previously mentioned reached the camp of instruction at about the same time, and the three soon after received their designating letters-D, E, and K, in the Fourteenth Infantry.
The regiment was mustered into the United States service on the 13th of February, under command of Col. Robert P. Sinclair, with Robert W. Davis as lieutenant-colonel, and M. W. Quackenbush, of Owosso, as major. Two months more were spent in perfeeting its organization and drill, and, after the presentation of a stand of colors at the camp of instruction, the command, nine hundred and twenty-five strong, moved from Ypsilanti on the 17th of
69
FOURTEENTH INFANTRY.
April, and proceeded to the theatre of war in the South- west, reaching Pittsburg Landing, on the Tennessee River, about two weeks after the great battle of Shiloh had been fought at that point. Passing on to Hamburgh Landing, four miles farther up the river, the command was disem- barked, and a few days later was assigned to duty as a part of Col. James D. Morgan's brigade, in the Army of the Mississippi. This brigade included the Tenth and Sixteenth Illinois and the Fourteenth Michigan. The Tenth Michigau and the Sixtieth Illinois were added soon afterwards, and the brigade, as thus composed, remained together the greater part of the time during the continuation of their terms of service.
About the 1st of May the command moved forward to- wards Corinth, Miss., at which point the enemy had made a stand and thrown up intrenchments. This march was a very laborious one, for the weather was excessively hot, and the Fourteenth was employed in guarding and moving to the front several siege-guns, each of which was drawn by twelve yokes of oxen, floundering through the almost bottomless mud of the Mississippi swamps. The men were continually engaged in extricating the ponderous guns from the slough ; in corduroying the roads, often in the face of the enemy's skirmishers ; and always throwing up temporary works of defense before bivouacking for the night. Several weeks were spent in this way before the Fourteenth arrived in front of Corinth, but, excepting some slight skirmishiog, the regiment did not take part in the operations by which the enemy was forced to retire from his stronghold.
After the evacuation of Corinth the Fourteenth spent the remainder of the summer in marching, skirmishing, picketing, and guarding railroads through Northern Missis- sippi and Alabama; camping for a considerable time at Farmington, at Big Springs, Miss., and for a longer period at Tuscumbia, Ala. At this place Lieut. Wait, of " E" Com- pany, was left in hospital prostrated by sickness brought on by the hardships of the service, and from which he has never fully recovered.
About the last of August it was announced that the command was to move to Nashville, Tenn., and on the Ist of September the detachments of the regiment concen- trated at the military ferry on the Tennessee River and awaited orders to move. The orders were received on the following day, and the command moved northward with its brigade. The march occupied nine days, during which the regiment passed through Rogersville, Athens, Elkton, Pulaski, Lynnville, Columbia, Spring Hill, and Frauklin, and in the evening of the 11th bivouacked two miles from Nashville. Here it remained on picket duty for a few days, and then moved through the city to a camp on high ground, near Fort Negley.
The labor demanded of the regiment during its stay at Nashville was severe, consisting of work on the extensive fortifications which had been laid out by Gen. Negley, the commandant of the post, besides constant pieketing and guarding of forage-parties, which were continually sent out into the surrounding country, this being the only means of subsisting the forces in Nashville, as all communication with the city, by rail or river, was destroyed. This state of affairs continued for about two months, Nashville being
held by the divisions of Negley and Palmer, but out of communication with the outside world, and surrounded on every side by troops of the enemy, principally cavalry. The Army of the Cumberland, however, having defeated the army of Bragg at Perryville, Ky., was marching south- ward from Bowling Green, under Gen. Rosecrans, to the relief of the beleaguered force, and on the 6th of November his advance-guard reached the river at Edgefield, opposite Nashville. In the early morning of the day preceding that of Rosecrans' arrival a large force of the enemy had at- tacked the positions of the troops in Nashville, and the Fourteenth was quite sharply engaged with the other forces in repelling them. Maj. Quackenbush, who was then in command of the regiment, had his horse shot under him (though not killed) in the fight. This occasion was the first on which the Fourteenth had ever delivered their fire on a battle-field.
The arrival of the Army of the Cumberland at Nash- ville opened railroad communication from the Ohio River to Mitchelville, thirty-five miles north of Nashville, and soon after it was opened to the city. This gave relief in the matter of rations to the troops who had been so long imprisoned there, and lightened the forage and picket duty, but the labor on the defensive works of the town was still continued, and a great amount of work was to be done in repairing roads and bridges for the advance of the army southward.
In the movements preliminary to the advance of Gen. Rosecrans on Murfreesboro', the division of Gen. Palmer (in which was the Fourteenth Michigan) was the first pushed to the front on the line of Stone River near the " Hermitage," the former residence of Andrew Jackson. It remained at this point facing the enemy for about eight days, when on the general advance of the Army of the Cumberland (December 26tl), it was moved back to Nash- ville by order of the commanding general, who, as he said, wished to have that important place held by some of his most trusty and reliable troops. Five days after the ad- vance of the main body of the army it was fiercely engaged with the enemy at Stone River in front of Murfreesboro', and the conflict raged with great fury and with little in- termission until the evening of the 2d of January, at which time the Fourteenth Michigan received orders to move up with all speed to Stone River. In obedience to this order it was marched all night through thick darkness and pouring rain, and in the morning it had reached the field, twenty-seven miles from the camp which it had left in the preceding evening. But as the enemy had already retreated, and there was no more fighting to be done on that line, the regiment did not participate in the memorable battle which seeured to Gen. Rosecrans the possession of Middle Tennessee.
During the month of March, 1863, the Fourteenth was stationed for a few days at Franklin, Tenn., and in April it was ordered out with its brigade to the neighborhood of Brentwood, to hold the railway line between Nashville and Franklin. The brigade was at this time attached to the Reserve Corps, commanded by Gen. Gordon Granger. Hav- ing returned to its camp at Nashville, the regiment was detached from its brigade on the 2d or 3d of July, and
70
HISTORY OF SHIAWASSEE AND CLINTON COUNTIES, MICHIGAN.
ordered to Franklin. Early in September the command was transformed into a corps of mounted infantry, and eight of its companies, with a section of artillery, were moved to Columbia, Tenn. From that time, for a period of eight months, Columbia and Franklin and the railroad line connecting the two places were held by the men of the Fourteenth, who, with their cavalry equipment and Spencer rifles, performed excellent service in clearing the surrounding country of guerrillas. They also constructed a railway-bridge across the Duck River, and erected formidable fortifications at Columbia.
In the first part of January, 1864, the regiment re-en- listed as veterans, and on the 21st of February five com- panies-C, F, G, I, and K-left Columbia for Michigan on veteran furlough, at the expiration of which they returned to their post in Tennessee. The remainder of the regiment then spent a thirty days' furlough in Michigan, and return- ing, rejoined their comrades in the field about the middle of May. On the 2Ist of that month the regiment received orders to move from Columbia and join the army of Gen. Sherman in Georgia. llow the people of Columbia received the announcement that the Fourteenth was to leave their town, is shown by the following communication from a Columbia correspondent to the Nashville Union, and pub- lished in that journal on the day of the regiment's de- parture :
" News having reached Columbia that the Fourteenth Michigan Veteran Volunteers, which has been stationed here since September last, was ordered off, a meeting of the citizens was convened at the court-house, and a series of resolutions adopted which do credit alike to the citizens and soldiers. The honorable and consistent and liberal policy of the Fourteenth Michigan has merited and won the es- teem and applause of all true lovers of their country, and their sudden removal from our midst has brought fear and mourning to all classes of the community. They have driven guerrillas and thieves from this country clear to the Tennessee River, and have done more to create a feeling of respect and veneration for the old government thau ten thousand bayonets and proclamations could have done. They strengthened the hopeful, confirmed the faith of the true, won back the erring and terrified, and subdued the defiant. They fought bravely, often desperately, captured many prisoners, and disarmed opposition with gentlemanly kindness and courtesy. Ever mindful of their mission, they treated the people as feeling human beings, and not as brutes. They will be long and affectionately remembered by our people.
" The chairman of the meeting, Joshua B. Frierson, Esq., accompanied by the committee and a large delegation of citizens, entered the Union Bank office (post headquarters), explained in a l'ew feeling sentences to Maj. Fitzgibbon (who had been in command since Col. Mizner went home on furlough nearly a month ago) and read to him a series of resolutions adopted by the meeting, highly flattering to the officers and men of the regiment. The resolutions were replied to by the major in an eloquent and feeling manner which drew tears from many eyes long unused to weep."
In compliance with the order the regiment left Columbia
and moved to Bridgeport, Ala. ; thence up on the south side of the Tennessee River, by Lookout Mountain, to Dallas, Ga., where it rejoined its old brigade, which was then attached to the division of Gen. Jeff. C. Davis. From Dallas it moved by way of Aekworth, Ga., to Kenesaw Mountain, where the brigade participated in the battle of the 27th of June. The gallant part taken in this battle by the division of which the Fourteenth was a part is mentioned in the " Annual Cyclopædia, 1864," as follows : " For the second, and more important attaek, portions of Gen. Newton's division of the Fourth Corps and Gen. Davis' division of the Fourteenth Corps were selected. At a given signal the troops rushed forward with buoyant courage, charged up the face of the mountain amidst a murderous fire from a powerful battery on the summit, and through two lines of abatis, carried a line. of rifle-pits beyond, and reached the works. The colors of several of the regiments were planted before the latter, and some of the men succeeded in mounting the ramparts ; but the death of Gens. Wagner and Harker and the wounding of Gen. McCook, the destructive fire of both musketry and artillery, and the difficulty of deploying such long columns under such fire, rendered it necessary to reeall the men. Gen. Newton's troops returned to their original line, while Gen. Davis' Second Brigade threw up works between those they had carried and the main line of the enemy, and there remained."
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