USA > Michigan > Wayne County > Detroit > The history of Detroit and Michigan; or, The metropolis illustrated; a chronological cyclopedia of the past and present, Vol I > Part 125
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I. DEAN CHOFRE YE CO
PAINTERS& DECORATORS. LE
PHOTO ENG. TU.N. Y
PAINTING AND PAPER HANGING ESTABLISHMENT OF DEAN, GODFREY, & Co. 167 and 169 Griswold Street. Built in 1879.
IN DRKS
ES
RY.
RANGE
Mass Ere: Chilly
DETROIT TOOL DEPOT, STOVE, AND GENERAL HARDWARE STORES OF T. B. RAYL & Co., Northeast corner of Woodward Avenue and Congress Street. Built in 1851-77.
comb, Endicott, & Com- pany, in 1869. The sale of both groceries and meats in one establishment was ori- ginated in 1871 by the Messrs. Hull.
In the way of signs, one of the most noticeable forty years ago was that of Self & Sole, shoemakers. Ask & Seek were tailors. Over a dyer's establishment, on Jef- ferson Avenue near Bates Street, was the legend, " I dye to live." A sign on Mullett Street announced "Washing and Ironing and going out to day's works done here." In recent days the several notices of Bank- rupt Stock " and "Sheriffs," "Closing out," "Semi- annual," "Reduction," " Remnant," and "Removal Sales," are familiar. Atten- tion is claimed by repre- sentations of almost every- thing that is used or bought
778
MERCHANTS AND TRADING.
or sold, and huge keys, padlocks, pitchers, books, boots, and watches line the walks, or are displayed on outer walls. Emblems of colored glass, repre- senting mortars, shirts, and horse-shoes, add bril-
P. A.BILLINGS
MANTELS GRATES.
P.
BILLINGS 09
176 PA BILLING S . 176
En IN if it is
PHOTO-ENG. 66.PLYE
MANTEL AND TILE STORE OF P. A. BILLINGS, 176 Woodward Ave. Built in 1868.
liancy to the scene, wooden Indians and stuffed skins of bear and deer stand beside the path, and colored tiles with owners' names are inserted in the walk. These efforts are supplemented with adver-
tisements on car tickets, gas bills, hotel registers, blotting pads, and programmes. Cheap fans, rules, tape-measures, match-safes, paper-weights, and placques with advertisements thereon, are given away by thousands, and elegant steel engraved and colored cards, with myriads of devices, are dis- tributed to serve the donor's ends. Children and persons of larger growth vie with each other in the variety and beauty of their collections of these free
MUMFORD. FOSTER & CO
MUMFORD, FOSTER, & Co.'s LEATHER STORE. B. P. Mumford. E. D. Foster. Douglas Payne. 16 Gratiot Avenue. Built in 1876.
gifts. Sample packages of medicines, soap, and various other articles, are left at every door addendum and almost ad infinitum, and hats and vests, by the score, have been distributed to promiscuous crowds. At some openings, costly suppers are served to all who come. Many firms spend thousands every year to attract the public eye. "Bill-poster boards," fences and many vacant walls are covered with
MERCHANTS AND TRADING.
779
DAVIS & Co DRUGS Wholesale
JAMES E DALSER
WHOLE SAL
DRUGGISTS
WH
MOSS ENG CONY
WHOLESALE DRUG STORES OF JAMES E. DAVIS & Co., 29, 31, 33, and 35 Larned Street West. Built in 1882.
show-bills, placards, and "dodgers." Last, but not least, the newspapers should be named. Some, single newspaper adver- tising firms contract for and control space in a. thousand papers, secure orders from all over the United States for the in- sertion of advertisements, and are in constant receipt. of copies of all papers and periodicals. One agency receives five thou- sand different papers every week, has had contracts with a single firm for over $65,000 worth of adver- tising, and has placed a portion of the advertise- ments of one house which, under a single contract, expended $500,000 for advertising.
Among the modern ad- juncts of trade the com- mercial agencies are prom-
inent. These are designed to afford ready and reli- able information as to the responsibility of persons seeking credit. The sys- tem comprehends the ob- taining, by means of resi- dent correspondents or traveling employees, of in- formation of every kind which affects in any way the reliability of persons doing business in any vil- lage or neighborhood. This information is pub- lished quarterly or semi- annually, in various sized volumes, and is furnished to subscribers only. From time to time, lists of im- portant changes in the business standing of persons engaged in trade are supplied. These agencies also furnish such of their patrons as sub- scribe for the same, with information regarding any
C
WHOLESALE
ADRUGGISTS.
0
D
D
Farandwilliams &0
WHOLESALE DRUG STORES OF FARRAND, WILLIAMS, & Co. II to 17 Larned Street East. Built in 1872.
780
MERCHANTS AND TRADING.
person inquired about ; and at regular intervals, circular notices of changes are sent out.
During 1887 a Citizens' Association was organized, composed of merchants and business men generally.
1
WELKELIKE ALLA IH. . - H .
SWIFT DODDS JOBBERE Of DRUGS CHEMICALS. PATENT MEDICINES PAINTS, OILS, BRUSHES, VARNISH. NAVAL STORES. GLASS,&c.
111.
111
Manufacturers OF FINE PHARMACEUTICAL "'. AND . CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS,
W SWIFT & DODDS|| DRUGCISTSI
E
PHOTO INC. (V . N.Y.
DRUG HOUSE OF JOHN J. DODDS & Co., (Successors to Swift & Dodds) 51 and 53 Shelby Street. Built in 1879.
with the object of promoting the general welfare of the city of Detroit, especially its business interests, by the establishment of a bureau of information, from which to disseminate, by circulars and other-
wise, either general or specific information about the city. It existed, but a few months.
The agency of R. G. Dun & Company was estab- lished in Detroit on August 1, 1856. J. M. Reilly, the first manager, remained until 1859. He was succeeded by James Moore, and he on August 1, 1863, by George H. Minchener.
I'M.REED
INDOW GLASS OF 3 WX. REID
WHOLESALE GLASS AND PAINT STORE OF WM. REID, 73 and 75 Larned Street West. Built in 1882. Retail Stores, 12 and 14 Congress Street East.
The Bradstreet Agency was managed from 1858 to 1868 by C. F. Clark ; from 1868 to 1878 by N. J. Hubbell; from 1878 to April, 1879, by E. S. Lowe; and since April, 1879, by C. F. Beck.
An institution of similar character is the Mer- chants and Manufacturers' Exchange, organized February 26, and incorporated in April, 1878. In addition to its usual business, endeavors are made to regulate or prevent any practices injurious to
MERCHANTS AND TRADING.
781
trade and commerce, and to promote the business interests of the city. To this end it appoints not only an executive committee, but also committees on transportation, arbitration, insurance, manufactures, and real estate. The organization is supported by the fees of members, who pay $50 per year. Its rooms are at 101 Griswold Street, corner of Congress Street. T. H. Hinchman has been president and C. B. Hull, treasurer, from the date of organization. Joseph Colt served as actuary until April, 1879, he was succeeded by H. P. Sanger, who resigned in March, 1880, and was followed by S. S. Seefred.
tember 28, 1850, all of the district north of the forty-fourth parallel was attached to the District of Mackinaw.
The District of Detroit now extends along the frontier from the mouth of the St. Clair River to the southern boundary of the State, and covers the counties of Genessee, Shiawassee, Livingston, Oak- land, Macomb, Wayne, Washtenaw, Lenawee, Mon- roe, and the eastern portion of Ingham and Jackson.
Detroit is the principal port of entry and delivery, with subordinate ports at Trenton, Wyandotte, Monroe, Newport, Gibralter, Ecorce, Springwells,
EDSON MOORE!
& Co.
PRODO ING. COLLIY
WHOLESALE DRY GOODS HOUSE OF EDSON, MOORE & Co., 194 to 204 Jefferson Avenue. Built in 1881.
CUSTOM HOUSE AND COLLECTORS.
By Act of March 2, 1799, Detroit was made a port of entry. Custom-house regulations were then provided for a district embracing all the waters, shores, and inlets of Lakes Erie, St. Clair, and Huron, west of the Miami River to Mackinaw.
The salary of the collector was fixed at $250 yearly, with three per cent on the amount collected. By law of June 30, 1834, the coasts of Lake Michigan, for fifty miles north of Grand River and Milwaukee, were attached to the district. On Sep-
Rockwood, New Baltimore, Mt. Clemens, and Grosse Isle, at each of which one deputy collector and inspector of customs is located.
When a vessel arrives from a foreign country the goods must be entered and the duties paid before being landed, unless they are to be placed in a bonded warehouse. The entry consists of a written statement containing the name of the vessel and her master, the name of the port from which the articles were shipped, their particular marks, num- bers, quality, and quantity, denomination, and prime
782
CUSTOM HOUSE AND COLLECTORS.
cost, and the advance charges on them. The im- porter must also produce the original invoice, or other documents in lieu thereof, with the bills of lading. Vessels sailing from the United States obtain from the collector written permits to leave, called "clearances," and sailors obtain certificates of their nationality, usually denominated "protections," which serve to secure them the privileges of Ameri-
Canadian or other foreign ports. He issues yearly licenses to vessels engaged in lake or river trade ; keeps account of all vessels built within the district, also of those arriving and departing from Detroit, giving their character and description, and reports the same to the register of the treasury; he makes returns of all imports and exports at this port ; he is also the disbursing agent of the Government for the
16S
162
1101
SALE DRY G
ALL
LDEN & CO
WHOLESALE DRY GOODS
WHOLESALE DRY GOODS STORES OF ALLAN SHELDEN & CO., 162, 164, 166, and 168 Jefferson Avenue. Erected in 1879.
can seamen. The collector certifies to the correct- ness of the manifests or bills of lading of goods on board of vessels sailing from this to any foreign port; he also issues registers to ships, specifying the description and nationality of such as are going to foreign countries, and collects a tonnage tax of thirty cents per ton from all vessels trading with
Revenue Marine service, and acts as custodian of the marine hospital, custom-house, and post-office, including the court-rooms and offices therein con- tained, and is charged with the repair and preserva- tion of the buildings and furniture.
All imported merchandise is examined and ap- praised, whether imported direct or through a
CUSTOM HOUSE AND COLLECTORS.
783
bonded warehouse, which is under Government supervision. The appraiser is appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury, and receives $3,000 a year. F. A. Blades, serving as appraiser in 1884, was appointed on June 16, 1874.
Bonded warehouses are for the benefit of im- porters who do not wish to pay the entire duties on any lot of goods at the time they are im-
WHOLESALE
HATS. CAPS& FURS.
148 F. BU HL and CO. HATS CAPS & FURS.
isit
FUR ESTABLISHMENT AND HAT STORE OF F. BUHL & CO., 146 and 148 Jefferson Avenue. Built in 1852-82.
ported. In all such cases the goods are stored in the warehouse, and the duties paid from time to time as portions are withdrawn. These ware- houses were first used in Detroit, in June, 1872. In addition to the regular bonded warehouse, bonded rooms are allowed in the stores of in- dividuals for storage of merchandise imported, owned by or consigned to them, and such rooms
are also under the control of the officers of the customs.
To aid in the enforcement of the revenue laws the Government has a revenue steamer in the dis- trict, the Fessenden, which patrols the river and lakes at a yearly cost of about $20,000. The steamer Michigan, of the United States Navy, also makes occasional visits to this port.
The collector's force in 1883 included sixty-one persons, whose salaries, ranging from $ 100 to $2,250, aggregated about $55,000 annually. Some of the officers are paid solely by their fees. All the sub- ordinates are appointed by the collector, who is appointed by the President, with the consent of the senate.
WHOLESALE.#
CLOTHING
144 HEINEMAN. BUTZEL, & CO. 142.
WHOLESALE CLOTHING STORES OF HEINEMAN, BUTZEL, & Co., 142 and 144 Jefferson Avenue. Built in 1852.
The receipts from all sources during the year ending December 31, 1883, were $373,906. The importations made in the district the same year were valued at over $8,000,000.
The principal imports in 1883 were
Barley Malt
Value. $211,565 7,178
784
CUSTOM HOUSE AND COLLECTORS.
Firewood
$216,715
Butter and lard
$2,584
18,931
Tobacco
93,648
16,807
Dry Goods
23,159
28,940
The principal exports in 1883 were :
Quantity.
Value.
Wheat, bushels
571,118
$601,789
Corn
423,809
228,555
Oats
41,853
13,001
Wheat-flour, bbls
21,309
124,266
PALMS 0880
WHOLESALE
140 HEAVENRICH BROS 138
CLOTHIERS
PHOTOS ENGY
WHOLESALE CLOTHING STORES OF HEAVENRICH BROS., 138 and 140 Jefferson Avenue. Built in 1880.
Spirituous liquors
$31,643
Horses, cattle, sheep, and hogs
237,622
Hides and skins
67,686
Agricultural seeds
62,741
Agricultural implements
4,978
Potatoes and other vegetables
15,060
Fruits of all kinds
11,498
MAS.
AS ROOT
34
GOOD
inua
PHOTO ENO. CO. N. Y.
WHOLESALE DRY GOODS STORES OF STRONG, LEE & CO. 134 and 136 Jefferson Avenue. Built in 1871.
Coal, tons
116,915
$407,437
Cotton, lbs.
3,010,080
331,10I
Tobacco "
294,009
80,500
Pork
743,811
64,151
Lard
46,561
4,667
Beef
56,965
4,126
Ham
109,07I
12,997
Hardware
125,343
Household furniture
150,834
Agricultural seeds
42,096
Total value of domestic exports
3,211,673
Value.
Peas and beans Scrap iron Tin plates
Value.
THE BOARD OF TRADE.
785
The collectors have been as follows :
1799-1805, Matthew Ernest ; during at least part of 1802, John Dodemead was post inspector ; June, 1805, to June, 1806, Joseph Wilkinson ; 1806-1808, Stanley Griswold ; 1808-1814, Reuben Attwater; 1814-1828, William Woodbridge; 1828, Truman Beecher ; 1829-1839, Andrew Mack; 1839-1841, John McDonnell; 1841-1845, Edward Brooks; 1845-1849, Charles G. Hammond; 1849-1853, Oliver
A.C.MCGRAW & CO. BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTORY.
B
BOJSHOES
AC McCRAW &CO
BOOT 5 and SHOES
WHOLESALE BOOT AND SHOE STORES OF A. C. MCGRAW & Co., 128, 130 and 132 Jefferson Avenue. Built in 1836-70.
M. Hyde; 1853-1857, John H. Harmon; 1857-1860, Michael Shoemaker ; 1860-1861, R. W. Davis; 1861-1866, N. G. Isbell ; 1866-1867, H. A. Morrow ; 1867-1869, N. G. Isbell ; 1869-1875, George Jerome; 1875-1884, Digby V. Bell ; 1884-1887, William Livingston, Jr .; 1887- , D. J. Campau.
THE BOARD OF TRADE.
The first organization of this character was called the "Merchants' Exchange and Board of Trade," and was the result of a meeting held October 19, 1847, at the office of B. L. Webb, C. C. Trow- bridge acting as president and John Chester as
secretary. At a subsequent meeting, held October 20, the following permanent officers were elected : William Brewster, president; Charles Howard, vice- president ; A. Dudgeon, treasurer ; John Chester,
HENRY A. NEWLAND &ComHENRY A.NEWLAND & C.mr
175
WHOLESALE HAT, CAP AND FUR STORES OF H. A. NEWLAND & Co., 124 and 126 Jefferson Avenue. Built in 1879.
secretary ; James Abbott, A. S. Kellogg, S. Lewis, F. Moore, F. Buhl, Z. Chandler, H. P. Bridge, referees ; J. Owen, B. L. Webb, C. Hurlbut, directors.
.
786
THE BOARD OF TRADE.
Daily meetings of the board began on October 27, 1847, in a vacant store, owned by John R. Williams, located on the southwest corner of Woodward Ave- nue and Atwater Street. The new organization met with favor, and very soon became desirous of occupy- ing a building of its own. A committee was appointed to consider the project, and on March 21, 1848, the following notice appeared :
A public meeting of the citizens of Detroit will be held at the room occupied by the Board of Trade on the corner of Woodward Avenue and Atwater Street, on Thurs- day, the 23rd day of March, at three o'clock P. M., to hear the report of the committee in rela tion to the erection of a Merchants' Exchange Building in this city. As this is a subject in which all have an interest, it is hoped there will be a full attendance.
Z. CHANDLER,
S. LEWIS,
GEORGE E. HAND, T. W. LOCKWOOD. U. TRACY HOWE, Committee.
The subject was discussed, the Leg- islature appealed to, and on March 14, 1848, the De- troit Merchants' Exchange Company was incorporated. The Act author- ized them to erect a building, and gave to the Young Men's and Fire : Depart- ment Societies
昌
1885
GREENSLADE
WHOLESALE OILS AND VINEGAR.
40 JOHN GREENSLADE.
38
WHOLESALE OIL STORE OF JOHN GREENSLADE, 38 and 40 Jefferson Avenue.
power to take stock to the amount of $10,000 each in the proposed building. The funds, how- ever, were not forthcoming, and the board contin- ued in the old location until Sep- tember 17, 1849, then moved to the Backus Building, on Third Street near the Central Depot ; and soon after the following notice appeared :
Removal :- The Board of Trade will hold their meetings on and after Wednesday, October 11, 1849, in the new Ex- change, Farmers and Mechanics' Bank Build- ing. Hours, 11 to 12 A. M.
JOHN CHESTER Secretary.
Only a few meetings were held in the bank build- ing. The demands of trade did not call for its continu- ance, and the rivalry of business firms terminated the existence of the board. Com- paratively little business was actu- ally transacted at its daily sessions. Dealers wishing to buy produce, gen- erally went direct to the business firms who were supposed to have the desired arti- cles in store From the first the society was chiefly promoted by forwarding and commission mer- chants; eventually a
- --
THE BOARD OF TRADE.
787
number of persons in ordinary mercantile trade joined the society, paid fees of $2.00 per year, and the society for a time numbered about one hun- dred numbers. During this period, and from 1835 to 1855, the business of receiving, forwarding, stor- ing, and selling grain and produce was extensive and profitable. At the time of the Crimean War, in 1854, the firms of Bridge & Lewis and J. L. Hurd & Company supplied as many as 7,000 bar- rels per day. Forwarding and commission houses were then established in large warehouses along
ing H. P. Bridge acted as chairman, and John G. Erwin as secretary. A committee, consisting of R. McChesney and Samuel Lewis, was appointed to draft a constitution and by-laws, and on July 15 the board was organized. Twenty-five persons signed the constitution, and the following officers were elected : president, H. P. Bridge; vice-presidents, Duncan Stewart, Robert McChesney; directors, Joseph Aspinall, William H. Craig, George W. Bis- sell, John W. Strong, A. E. Bissell, James E. Pitt- man, W. Truesdail, John B. Palmer ; treasurer, H.
SUNDRIES
GLASS
WARE.
WINDOW
CLASS.
OYES
PAINTS
DILS
HFS
SHE'S
THHINCHMAN & SONS
DRUCGISTS.
WHOLESALE DRUG STORES OF T. H. HINCHMAN & SONS, 78 and 80 Jefferson Avenue. 98 and 100 Woodbridge Street. Built in 1868.
the river, but the increase in number of railroads, and the readiness with which shipments may be made direct, without delay or extra charge, have largely done away with the special business carried on by such firms.
The present Board of Trade grew out of a meet- ing held June 5, 1856, at the office of E. G. Merrick, then located at the foot of Wayne Street, in what was known as Ward's Warehouse. At this meet-
66
FRUITS
OYSTERS
WHOLESALE FRUIT STORE OF DWYER & VHAY, 66 Jefferson Avenue, corner of Cass Street. Built in 1878.
K. Sanger; secretary, Milo D. Hamilton. The membership dues were fixed at $10.00 per year.
On August 6, at 10 A. M., daily sessions began to be held in a store on Woodbridge Street under the Michigan Exchange. On December 2 the daily meetings were suspended until the first Monday in March. On August 4, 1857, sessions began to be held from 9 to 10 A. M .; they are now held from IO A. M. to I P. M. standard time.
DRUGS
CHEMICALS
DWYER & VHAY
NEELITH
788
THE BOARD OF TRADE.
In 1860 the board published in pamphlet form a statement of the business of the city for 1859. Sev- eral similar compilations have since been issued, but not usually by direct authority of the organization.
On March 5, 1861, it was voted to consolidate the offices of secretary and treasurer, and on March 4 of the year following, for the first time, a salary of $250 was voted to the secretary. On January 20, 1863, James Aspinall, E. R. Matthews, and Bernard O'Grady were ap- pointed a committee to procure a new charter, and on March 19, 1863, an Act of Incorporation, em- bracing liberal provisions applicable to Boards of Trade and Chambers of Commerce, was passed by the Legislature. On June 23 the Board adopted a new constitution. On July I of this year the dues of persons not in the grain, produce, or milling business were reduced to $5.00 a year.
The erection of an appropriate
COPYRIGHT 1881 BY SILAS FARMER,
OLD BOARD OF TRADE BUILDING.
O
W J Could & Co ;
Wholesale G.
WHOLESALE GROCERY STORES OF W. J. GOULD & Co., 61 and 63 Jefferson Avenue. Built in 1882.
building now began to be increas- ingly agitated, and on October 20 the lot on the southeast corner of Woodbridge and Shelby Streets was purchased at a cost of $4,500. On November 23 following, a joint stock building company was formed and books were opened for subscrip- tions. On December 8 the stock- holders met, and elected the follow- ing directors: Joseph Aspinall, Al- exander Lewis, Duncan Stewart, George W. Bissell, B. O'Grady, A. E. Bissell, James Aspinall, H. J. Buckley, and George F. Bagley. Joseph Aspinall was elected presi- dent of the company, and James Aspinall secretary and treasurer.
The corner-stone of the building was laid on June 8, 1864, and the structure was completed at a cost of about $35,000. It was dedicated on February 22 1865. The exer- cises consisted of an opening ad- dress by Joseph Aspinall, an ode by F. Lambie, and an address by G. V. N. Lothrop, followed by a dinner at the Biddle House and a ball in
THE BOARD OF TRADE.
789
the evening. The Board of Trade Hall was rented by the corporation to the society for twenty-nine years, at $500 for the first year, $750 per year for the next four years, and $1,000 per year for the suc- ceeding years. On March 6 H. P. Bridge offered a resolution calling for a convention of the Boards of Trade of the United States and British Provinces. The resolution bore fruit in one of the largest and most important commercial conventions ever held. It convened July 11, 1865, and continued in session four days, during which the ablest business men of the United States and British Provinces gave their
WHOLESALE
IRON& NAILS
HARDWARE
| DUCHARME
FLETCHER & CO
DUCHARME FLETCHER & CO
WHOLESALE HARDWARE STORES OF DUCHARME, FLETCHER, & CO. 63 to 69 Woodbridge Street West. Built in 1867.
views on the important questions of reciprocity, transit and transportation, improvement of rivers and harbors, commerce, finance, agriculture, manu- factures, and subjects of cognate interest. Among the notables present were Hannibal Hamlin, John V. Farwell, and N. K. Fairbanks. The feeling of the meeting was unmistakably against the renewal of the reciprocity treaty with Canada, but on the last day Hon. Joseph Howe, of Nova Scotia, spoke in favor of renewing the treaty. "In some respects it was the most remarkable speech ever delivered in
FARRINGTON
RS
WHOLESALE GROCERY, COFFEE AND SPICE MILLS OF SINCLAIR, EVANS & ELLIOTT, 54 and 56 Jefferson Avenue, and 128 and 130 Woodbridge Street. Built in 1883.
NEW BOARD OF TRADE BUILDING.
883
STEEL GLASS &C.
790
THE BOARD OF TRADE.
the United States, combining a wealth of illustra- tion, a profound knowledge of the subject, and a power of moving the human heart which has rarely been equalled in the annals of oratory." At one time, in describing the return of his son from three years' honorable service in the Union army, the pathetic eloquence of the speaker moved many of the six hundred delegates to tears. At the close of his speech a resolution was adopted requesting Con- gress to renew the reciprocity treaty on equitable terms, which was carried unanimously. As a result
STANDART BROTHERS.
LESALE HARDWARE
PHOTO ENG. CO. N.Y.
WHOLESALE HARDWARE STORES OF STANDART BROTHERS, 92 to 96 Woodbridge Street West. Built in 1872.
of this convention the National Board of Trade was organized. It held its first meeting in Philadelphia on June 5, 1868. Detroit sent delegates to these meetings up to August 24, 1877, when it withdrew from membership, under the belief that the central organization was of no special benefit to trade and commerce.
In 1865 the dues for grain dealers were increased to $15. In July, 1866, daily telegraphic reports from New York were first received. The following year the board took steps to have Detroit markets telegraphed to the associated press. The reading
aloud of the telegraphic reports of foreign markets began on March 4, 1869, and on December 4 a con- tract was made for daily telegraphic reports from Liverpool.
The daily receipts and shipments at Detroit of all sorts of provisions, grain, live-stock, produce, lum- ber, and staples of various kinds, by rail and lake, are collected daily and posted in the rooms.
In March, 1870, the membership dues were raised to $25 for those regularly transacting business at the board, and $15 for other members.
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