USA > Michigan > Wayne County > Detroit > The history of Detroit and Michigan; or, The metropolis illustrated; a chronological cyclopedia of the past and present, Vol I > Part 4
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PART III .- GOVERNMENTAL.
CHAPTER XV.
French and English Rule. -- French Motives. - Political Ambition. - Religious Zeal. -- Kings and Regents. - The Surrender. - Powers of Commandants. -- List of French Governors. - English Regulations. -- Creation of Upper and Lower Canada. - List of English Governors. 83-84
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CHAPTER XVI.
Territorial and State Governments. - Virginia's Claim. - Grounds of Claim. - Release of State Claims. - Creation of Northwest Territory. - Authorship of Ordinance of 1787 .- Dane versus Cutler. - The Northwest Territorial Seal. - Description and Meaning. - Names of Territorial Officers. - Division of Territory. -- Creation of State of Ohio. - Wayne County Delegates Excluded. - Detroit under Indiana Territory. - Extensive Jurisdiction. - Creation of Territory of Michigan. -- Michigan Territorial Seal. -- Increased Size of Territory. - First Delegate to Congress .-- First Legis- lative Council. - Enlarged Boundary. - First State Constitutional Convention. -- Delegates from Wayne County. - Convention Proposals. - Adoption of Constitution. -- Territorial Officers. - State of Michigan. -- Curtailment of Boundary. -- Trouble with Ohio. - A New Convention. -- Negative Decision .- Democratic Convention. -- Congressional Provisions Accepted. -- Formal Admission of State. - Event Celebrated. -- The State Seal. - Second Constitutional Convention. -- Delegates from Wayne County. - Differences between Constitutions of 1835 and 1850. - Third Constitutional Convention. - Constitutional Commission of 1873. - Capital Removed to Lansing. - Names of State Officers. 85-93
CHAPTER XVII.
Legislatures and Laws. - Legislatures under English Rule. - Place and Date of Sessions. - Legis- lature of Northwest Territory .- Places of Meeting .- A Linguistic Feat .-- The General Assembly .--
. Cry of Fraud. - Names of Members. - Pliant Principles. -- Forgiving Electors. - Mob at Chilli- cothe. - Detroit Pistols. - Indiana Territorial Assembly. - Proposed Members from Detroit. - Michigan Territorial Legislature. - Scarcity of Laws. - Sunday Sessions. - Places of Meeting. - Personal Difficulties. - Curious Legislation. - Morbid Fears. - Remarkable Enactments. - Names of Members and Secretaries. - Gentle's Criticisms. - Suspicions of People. - Woodward's Lame Defence. -- Gentle Arrested for Libel. - Citizens Seek Redress. -- Citizens Outwitted. -- Alligative Laws. -- Proposed Blue Laws. -- Blasts and Counter Blasts. - Legislative Refreshments. -- Witherell versus Woodward. -- The Several Codes. - Petitions to Congress. -- Facts and Grievances. -- Relief Provided. -- Joy of Citizens. - A Proper Prayer. - Members of Legislative Councils. -- The Green Bay Council. - Compilations of Laws. - First State Legislature. -- Last Session in Detroit .-- Extra Sessions. - Number of Members. - Districts Including Wayne County. - Names of Sena- tors and Representatives. 94-10I
CHAPTER XVIII.
Presidential Electors, Cabinet Officers, and Members of Congress from Detroit. - Presidential Visits to the City. - Constitutional Links. - Presidential Electors. - Michigan's Choice. - Cabinet Officers from Michigan. - Territorial Delegates. - United States Senators. -- Representative Dis- tricts. - Names of Representatives. - Pay of Congressmen. - Visits of Presidents and Vice-Presi- dents,-Harrison, Monroe, Johnson, Van Buren, Taylor .- Grant's Residence in Detroit .- An Inter- view in Washington. - Visits of Fillmore, Pierce, Johnson and Hayes. - Garfield's Visits to and Ser- mons in Detroit. 102-107
CHAPTER XIX.
Political Parties and Campaigns. - Elections. - The Political System. - Party Names and Meth- ods. - Political Meetings. - Gaining Votes. - Novel Methods. -- Interesting Campaigns. - Log Cabins and Hickory Halls. - Monster Whig Meetings. - Political Processions. - Democratic Barbe- cues. - Peculiar Resolutions. - Party Uniforms. - Bonfires .- Torch Bearers. - Union Political Meetings. - Visits of Noted Politicians. - First Territorial Elections. - Viva Voce Voting. - Arbi- trary Proceedings. - Original Election Districts. - Remarkable Ballots. - Changes in Time of Election .- Changes in Qualifications of Voters .- The First State Election .- Humorous Incidents .- The Last Two-Day Election .- How Foreigners Become Voters. - Time of Election of Various Offi- cers .- Colored Voters. - Woman Suffrage. - Remarkable Unanimity of Voters. - Local Issues. - Curious Coincidence. - Qualifications of Voters. - Registration. - Voting Precincts. - Preparations for Election .- Canvassing Votes .- Number of Voters in Various Years. 108-117
CHAPTER X.
Wayne County : Its Establishment and Boundaries. - County of Illinois .- Kent County .- Wayne County. - Sargent's Proclamation. - Sharp Correspondence. - St. Clair's Dissatisfaction. - The County Name .- General Wayne's Letter of Thanks .- Original Boundary .- Changes in Boundary .- Copies of Proclamations. 118-122
CHAPTER XXI.
County Officers and their Duties. - County Commissioners. - Early Finances. - Due Bills Issued .- Names of Commissioners. - Board of Supervisors .- Few Powers. - Valuations and Assessments. - Growth of City Representation. - County Auditors. - Importance of Office. - Powers and
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Duties. - Names of Auditors. - County Treasurer. - History of Office. - Names of Treasurers. - County Clerk. - History of Office. - Office Records. - Names of Clerks. - County Superintendent of Schools. - Names of Superintendents. - Drain Commissioners. - Duties and Names. - County Surveyors. - Duties and Names. 123-126
CHAPTER XXII.
The Townships of Wayne County. - Derivation of Township Names. - Township Officers. - First Townships. - Vague Boundaries. - First Systematic Divisions. - Date of Creation of Each Township. - Changes in Names and Boundaries. - Obsolete Names. - Boundaries in 1883 .- Derivation of Names. - Township Officers. - Duties. - List of Township Supervisors. 127-132
CHAPTER XXIII.
The Early Government of Detroit. - Incorporation as a Town. - Rule of the Governor and Judges. - Revival of Local Government. - Governmental Genealogy. - Interesting Details. - Court of General Quarter Sessions. - First Town Corporation. - How Obtained. - Gratitude of Citizens. - First Town Officers. - Subsequent Elections and Appointments. - Rule of Governor and Judges. - An Anomalous Government. - Autocratic Methods. - Strange Doings. - Grasping Offi- cials. - A Sham Charter. - Insulting Absurdities. - Governor and Judges still at the Helm. - Unac- countable Officials .- Revival of Local Government .- First City Charter .- Names of Trustees. 133-135
CHAPTER XXIV.
The Common Council or Board of Aldermen. - Board of Councilmen. - Ordinances. - Official Year. - City Seals. - Creation of Common Council. - Powers of. - Seeking Light. -- Place and Time of Sessions. -- Number of Members. -- Quorum. - Rules. - Standing Committees. - Board of Aldermen. - Presidents of Board of Aldermen. - The City Council or Board of Councilmen. - Terms of Members. - Names of Councilmen. - Ordinances. - Official Year. - The Several City Seals. - Description of Seals. - Significance of Present Seal. 136-139
CHAPTER XXV.
Mayor. - City Clerk .- City Attorney. - City Counsellor. - City Historiographer. - Duties of each Office and Names of the Incumbents. - Creation of Office of Mayor. - Former Duties. - Present Powers. - Names of Mayors. -- City Secretaries. - City Clerk. - Duties. -- Office Records. - Names of Clerks. - City Attorney. - Duties and Names. -- City Counsellor. -- City Historiographer. -- Names of Officers. -- Object of Office. 140-141
CHAPTER XXVI.
Aldermen. - Their Duties and Names. - Office First Named. - Aldermen at Large. - First Ward Aldermen. - Aldermanic Courts. - Pay of Aldermen. - Names of Aldermen at Large. - Names of Aldermen by Wards and Years. 142-146
CHAPTER XXVII.
The Wards : Their Establishment and Boundaries. - Wards for Fire Districts. -- First Division of City .-- Date of Creation of Each Ward .- Changes in Boundaries .- Present Boundaries. 147-148
CHAPTER XXVIII.
French and English Taxation. - Territorial Taxes. - State and County Taxes. - City Taxation and Finances .- United States Taxes .- Taxes Payable in Wood. - Early Territorial Taxes. - Characteristic Letter. - Territorial Tax Gatherers. - Law of 1805. - An Old Tax Roll. - Territorial Licenses. - Investigation by Grand Jury. - Hull's Wasteful Extravagance. - People without Remedy .- First Sale of Lands for County Taxes .- State and County Taxes. - How Apportioned .- When Payable .- Percentages .- Tax Sales .- Taxation Statistics by Decades .- First Town Tax .- The Detroit Fund. - Valuation of 1817. - Corporation Receipts and Expenditures in 1819. - Improvements of 1827. - The Congressional Gift. - Official Mismanagement. - Property Squan- dered. - Due Bills Issued. - Their Depreciation. - Sham Improvements. - City Wants $50. - Cannot Borrow. - The City Devours its Substance. - Death and Taxes. - Condition of City Finances. - Saving the Wreck. - Better Methods. - First Real Estate Tax. - First City Bonds. - More Shinplasters. - Watching a Trunkful. - Protest of the Butchers. - Display of Wisdom. -
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Burning Shinplasters. - Chief Expenses by Decades. - Valuation by Decades. - Increasing Wealth. - Tax Per Capita by Decades. - Sinking Fund. - Receipts for Liquor Taxes. - Annual Tax Estimates .- How Prepared. - How Assessed. - When Due. - Increased Percentage. - Tax Sales. -- Collection of Back Taxes. - Special Assessments. - Property Liable to Taxation. - List of Exemp- tions. - Changes in Fiscal Year. - The Treasurer's Accounts. - Explanation of Financial Methods. - City Depository. - U. S. Revenue Taxes. - Stamped Paper. - Various Laws. - First Collection District. - Tax Rates. - Amount of Collections. - Names of Assessors and Collectors. 149-160
CHAPTER XXIX.
Citizens' Meeting. - Board of Estimates. - Auditors, Comptrollers, Accountants. - City and Ward Assessors. - Board of Review. - City and Ward Collectors. - City Treasurers. - Receivers of Taxes. - Citizens' Meetings. - Tax Estimates. - Exciting Meetings. - Citizens' Meetings Abol- ished. - Board of Estimates Created. - Powers of the Board. - Names of Members. - City Auditor and Duties. - Name Changed to Comptroller. - Names of Comptrollers. - City Accountant. - Duties. - Names of Accountants. - City and Ward Assessors. - Changes in Office. - Tampering with Rolls. - Names of Assessors. - Board of Review. - Duty of the Board. - Names of Mem- bers. - City and Ward Collectors. - Peculiar Official Notice. - Names of Collectors. - City Treas- urer. - Duties of Office. - Names of Treasurers. - Receiver of Taxes. - Duties of Office. - Names of Receivers. 161-168
PART IV .- JUDICIAL. CHAPTER XXX.
Justice in the Olden Time. - United States Circuit Court. - District Court. - United States Officers. - Bankruptcy Court. - Judicial Powers of Early Commandants. - Serious Complaints. - First Legal Provisions. - Patriarchal Commandants. - A Woman Hanged. - Trader Murdered by his Slaves. - Conflicts between Commandants and Governors. - The Office of Notary. - Com- plaint against Dejean. - His Acquittal. - The First Judges. - The Trial and Hanging of Coutinci- nau and Ann Wyley. - John Dodge's Letter. - Hamilton's Oppression of Dodge and Other Citi- zens. - A Detroit Dungeon. - Dejean as a Jailer. - Dodge's Escape and Threatenings. - Hamil- ton Indicted. - His Appeal to Haldimand. - First Justices. - United States Circuit Court. - Bounds of Circuit at Different Periods. - Jurisdiction. - Place of Sessions. - Names of Judges and Clerks. - United States District Courts. - When First Held. - Selection of Jurors. - Names of Judges and Clerks. - United States Attorney. - Duties. - Names of Attorneys. - United States Marshal. - Powers. - Names of Marshals. - Commissioners for United States Courts. - Duties. - Names of Commissioners. - Masters in Chancery. - Duties and Names. - The First Bankruptcy Act. - The Second Bankruptcy Act. -- Third Bankruptcy Act. - Bankruptcy Court. - Duties. - The Judge. 171-177
CHAPTER XXXI.
Supreme Courts of the Territory and the State. - Supreme Courts of Northwest Territory. - Legis- lative and Judicial Duties Combined. - Court Methods. - A Festive Occasion. - Names of the Judges. - Origin of a Name. -- Supreme Court of Indiana Territory. - Names of Judges. - Supreme Court of Michigan Territory. - Jurisdiction. - Varied and Remarkable Powers. - Time and Place of Court Sessions. - Sessions at Midnight. - Sessions in the Small Hours of the Morning. -- Bar- room Sessions. - Sessions on a Wood-pile. - Bread and Meat in the Court Room. - Whiskey Offered the Judges. - Rules and Counter Rules. - Sessions with only a Judge Present. - Decisions not to Serve as Precedents .- Hanging under an ex-Post-Facto Law. - How a Lawyer Failed to Help His Client. - Branding and Execution of Indians. - The Execution of Simmons. - Woodward and His Eccentricities. - Legal Somersaults, - Peculiar Dress. - Sixteen Cups of Tea. - Literary Egotism. - Complaint of Grand Jury. - The Gazette Articles. - A Mockery of Justice. - The Case of the United States against British Officers. - Ludicrous Account of the Arrest and Trial. - Public Denunciation of Woodward. - Additional Eccentricities. - Congress Provides for Retirement of Judges. - New Judges appointed. - Names of Judges and Clerks. - Supreme Court of State. - Changes in Place of Sessions .- Time of Sessions .- Names of Judges .- Clerks and Reporters. 178-188
CHAPTER XXXII.
District Court. - Orphans' Court .- Court of Quarter Sessions. - Court of Common Pleas. - Court of Chancery. - County Courts. - Circuit Courts. - District Criminal Court .- District Courts of Territory. - Jurisdiction. - Boundaries of District. - Court Appointments. - Session under a Green Bower. - Changes in Boundary of District and Jurisdiction. - Names of Justices. - Orphans'
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Court. - Jurisdiction Transferred. - The Probate Court. - Obsolete Duties. - Judges and Regis- ters. - Court of General Quarter Sessions. - Jurisdiction. - Names of Judges. - Prisoners Whipped. - Services Sold. - Court of Common Pleas. - Jurisdiction. - Names of Judges. - Court of Chancery. - Object of. - Names of Judges and Reporters. - Masters in Chancery. - Names of Appointees. - County Courts. - Jurisdiction. - Names of Judges and Clerks. -- Circuit Courts. - History of Wayne Circuit. - Selection of Jurors. - Place of Sessions. - The County Building. -- Names of Judges and Clerks. - District Criminal Court. - Object of. - Judges. 189-194
CHAPTER XXXIII.
Mayor's Court .- Recorder's Court .- Police Court .- Superior Court .- Commissioners .- Justices. Notaries .- Lawyers. - Detroit Bar Library .- Mayor's Court. - Aldermanic Judges and Justices. - Fines Remitted .- Prisoners Working on Streets. -- Recorder's Court .-- Original Duties of Recorders .- Names of Recorders. - Names of Judges and Clerks. -- Police Court. -- Jurisdiction. - Place of Sessions. - Police Justices and Clerks. -- Superior Court. -- Jurisdiction. - Judges and Clerks. - Commissioners of Bail. - Circuit Court Commissioners. - Powers. - Names of Commissioners. - Justices of the Peace. - Jurisdiction. -- Names of Justices. - Notaries. - Powers. - Lawyers. - Admissions to Bar. -- The Bar Association. -- A Witty Retort. - The Bar Library. - Its Manage-
ment. 195-200
CHAPTER XXXIV.
Morals. - City Marshals. - Police. - Sheriffs. - Prosecuting Attorneys. - Constables. - Reforms Needed. - Pontchartrain's Recommendations. - Difficulties in the Way. - No Sabbath. - Sunday Markets. -- Their Discontinuance. - Blue Law Proceedings. - Higher Standards. - Remarkable Official Retribution. -- The Ordeal of Fire. - Duties and Names of City Marshals. - The Earliest Police. -- Night Watchmen. -- Volunteer Watchmen. - Service not Sustained. -- Midnight Refresh- ments. - Paid City Watch Asked for .- Opposition of Citizens' Meeting. -- The Merchants' Police. - First Police Commission. -- Increasing Need of Police .-- Riot of 1863. - Establishment of Metro- politan Commission. - Opposition to the Commission. - Winning its Way. - Additional Powers Granted. -- Names of Commissioners. -- Superintendents. -- Secretaries. -- Attorneys. - Physicians and Captains. - Salaries. -- Qualifications of Policemen. -- Regulations and Suggestions. -- Special Policemen .- Bradford Smith's Work .-- Mounted Police .- Number of Force .- Expenses .- Arrests .- Yearly Statements. -- Police Stations. - Their Location, Date of Erection, and Cost. - Life and Health Fund. -- Relief Society. -- Sheriffs. - Duties. - Names of Sheriffs. - Prosecuting Attorneys .- Duties and Names. - Constables. - Duties and Names. 201-213
CHAPTER XXXV.
The Jails and the House of Correction. - Location of Jails. - New Jail Purchased. - Bills for New Pickets. - Insufficient Jails. -- Jail Hired of James May. - Proposed Purchase. - Buildings Used as Jails. - Jail Erected by Governor and Judges. -- An Unoccupied Jail. - Tearing down a Jail. - Erection of Clinton Street Jail. - Second Jail on Clinton Street. - Average Number of Prisoners. - Management. - A Prisoner's Joke. - Detroit House of Correction. - Its Origin. - Mayor Hyde's Efforts. - Brockway's Suggestions. - Estimates Ordered. -- Citizens' Meeting Dis- approves. - State Aid Sought. - Favorable Citizens' Meeting. - Building Erected. - Organization .- Management. - Money Making. - Occupation of Prisoners. - Efforts for their Improvement. - Names of Superintendents and Inspectors. 214-218
PART V .- MILITARY.
CHAPTER XXXVI.
Forts and Defenses. - Pensions and Pension Agents. - Military Officers in Command at Detroit. - An Important Post. - Early Posts in Michigan. - First Fort at Detroit. - Condition at Different Periods. - Enlargements. - How Garrisoned. - Citizens Taxed for Repairs. - New Stockade and Citadel. - Erection of Fort Lernoult. - Why Built. - Description of. - Clark's Hopes. - Fort Injured by Bad Weather. - Stockade Partially Removed. - Strength of Garrison. - Visits of Noted Officers. - Interesting Letters. - New Stockade. - Fort Shelby. - Successive Garrisons. - Arsenal Erected. - Flag-staff Blown down. -. Distinguished Arrivals. - The Fort Demolished. - Fort Wayne. - Location. - Cost. - Rebuilding. - Fort Croghan - Order for its Erection. - Its Loca- tion. - Object. - Becomes a Play-Ground. - Detroit Barracks. - Their Location. - Arsenal at
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TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Dearborn. - Early Pension Laws. -- Pensioners Paid from Detroit. - Names of Pension Agents. - French Commandants. - Names. - Time of Service. - English Commandants. - Names. - Time of Service. - Anecdote of Colonel England. - American Commanding Officers at Forts and Bar- racks. - Districts and Departments Embracing Detroit. - Names of Commanding Generals. 221-230
CHAPTER XXXVII.
Early Indian Attacks. - The French and English, or Seven Years' War. - Indian Attack of 1703. - A Dog Makes Trouble. - Ottawas versus Miamis. - Shooting of Father del Halle. - A Month's Siege. - Disaffection of the Miamis. - Cadillac Compels a Peace. - The Attack of 1712. - Du Buis- son's Defense. - Methods of Attack. - French Ingenuity. - The Foxes Defeated. - Immense Slaughter. - Indian Threatenings. - The French and English War. - Occasion of. - Scalp Money. Human Scalps as Merchandise. - Proposed Attack of 1747. - Exposure of the Plot. - The Fort Re- inforced. -- Unfriendly Indians to be put to Death. - Arrest of Indians. - Organization of Ohio Com- pany. - Uneasiness of the French. - Taking Possession of the Ohio Valley. - Colonists Encouraged. - Washington's Mission. - The Pittsburgh Fort. - Its Capture by the French. - Defeat of General Braddock. - Dishonest Officers. -- French Activity. - The English Retake the Pittsburgh Fort. - Defeat of English by Party from Detroit. - New Defenses at Detroit. - Relief sent to Niagara. - Niagara Surrendered. - Troops and Provisions Accumulated at Detroit. - Quebec Captured. - - Canada Surrendered to English. - Major Rogers Takes Possession of Detroit. - Sir Wm. Johnson Arrives. - His Treaty with Indians. 231-234
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
The Conspiracy of Pontiac. - Friendship of French and Indians. - Pontiac's Project. - Preliminary Movements. - Council of Indians. - Preparations for Attack. - The Plot Revealed. - Gladwin's Preparations. - Pontiac Surprised. - His Revenge. - The Killing of Sir Robert Davers. - The Indians Invest the Fort. - The First Victims. - Progress of the Siege. - Houses Destroyed. - Council with Indians. - Pontiac's Treachery. - Attempts to Starve the Garrison. - Supplies from Niagara. - The Blacksmith's Armory. - Supply Boats Captured by Indians. -- Peace between French and English. - A Concert Given. - The Prayer Bell Rings. - Scarcity of Provisions. - Relief Arrives. -- Bovine Reinforcements. - Pontiac Seeks French Aid. -- The French Organized for Defense. - Farmers Seeking Refuge. - Indian Fire Crafts. - Indians Sue for Peace. - Arrival of Dalyell. - His Foolish Venture. - The Battle of Bloody Bridge. - Defeat and Disaster. - The Grave of Dalyell. - Arrival of Supplies. - A Letter from Gladwin. - Wilkins' Relief Expedition. - Short Supplies at Detroit. -- Troops Sent to Niagara. - Termination of Siege. -- Festivities in the Fort. - Bradstreet's Expedition. - Its Arrival at Detroit. - His Council with the Indians. - They Yield Allegiance. - Visit of Capt. Croghan. 235-24I
CHAPTER XXXIX.
The Revolutionary War. - British and Indian Wars and First American Occupation of Detroit .- French and Spanish Intrigues. - Martial Law Proclaimed. - English Fears and Plans. - Lieutenant Governors Created. - Object and Powers of Office. - Misstatements Corrected. - Lieutenant Gov- ernors versus Commandants. - Governor Hay and His Troubles. - His Surname. -- De Peyster's Dislike. -- Importance of Detroit. -- Army Activities. - Inciting the Savages. - Distribution of Goods and Trinkets. - Equipment of War Parties. - Oppression of American Sympathizers. - Interesting Affidavits. - Loyalists at Detroit. - French Officers and Indian Companies. - Wholesale Employ- ment of Savages. - A Barbarous Warfare. -- Lord Suffolk's Justification. - Chatham's Scathing Reply. - Scalping Parties Go and Come. - Scalping Knives and Scalps Bought and Sold. - Singing War Songs. - Goods for the Indians. - Enormous Supplies. - An Official Estimate. - Long Headed Squaws. - Congressional Efforts with Indians. - Proposed Expedition against Detroit. - Foster's . Expedition from Detroit. - A Song by Col. De Peyster. - More Expeditions from Detroit. - A Proclamation by Hamilton. - The Attack on Fort Henry. - Capture of Daniel Boone. - Detroit Forces at Wyoming. -- Captain Bird and His Love Affair. - Simon Kenton as a Prisoner. - His Escape .- John Leeth's Experiences. - Hamilton's Expedition against Vincennes. - Col. Clark's Counter Movement. - Col. Vigo's Efficient Aid. - Clark Marching to Vincennes. - The Jovial Drummer. - Hamilton's Surrender .- Supplies Captured. - Rejoicing at Detroit. -- Hamilton and Other Officers in Virginia. - Jefferson Justifies Their Imprisonment .- Washington Favors Leniency .- Hamilton and Hay Paroled. - Character of Hamilton. - McIntosh's Expedition against Detroit. -- Brodhead's Desires. -- Information Sought from Zeisberger. - Clark's Plans. -- La Balm's Expedi- tion. - Immense Expenditures for Clark's Forces. - Failure of Clark's Expedition. -- Washington's Desire to Capture Detroit. - English Movements at Detroit. -- Thousands of Savages Enlisted. - Bird's Expedition. - Ruthless Massacre of White Settlers. - The Delaware Indians and Their Neutrality. - The Moravian Missionaries. - Their Removal to Detroit. - Williamson's Expedition
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against the Delawares. - He Massacres the Christian Indians. - Col. Crawford's Expedition. -- He is Defeated and Burned. - De Peyster Asks the Indians for "Live Meat." - Return of War Parties to Detroit. -- Counting the Scalps. - Keeping Tally of the Death Whoops. -- Women and Children as Captives. -- Humane Conduct of Certain Officers. -- Proposed Surrender of Detroit. -- Douglass's Report. -- Negotiations to Obtain Possession of Detroit. - British Unwillingness to Surrender. -- Indians Encouraged to Continue the War. -- Defeat of Generals Harmer and St. Clair. -- British Fort Erected on the Miami. -- The McKee Letters. -- General Wayne Defeats the English and Indians .-- The Jay Treaty. -- The Western Posts Yielded. -- A Letter from General Washington. - Final Arrangements for Surrender. -- The Date of English Departure. -- Americans in Possession. - The Henley and Hamtramck Letters. -- Testimony of Squire Reynolds. -- Complete Settlement of the Question. - Girty and His Horse. -- Visit of Boundary Line Commissioners. -- French and Spanish Intrigues in Detroit and the West. - Powers' Mission to General Wilkinson. -- Wilkinson's Suspicious Conduct. 242-27 I
CHAPTER XL.
Indian Wars from 1790 to 1812. - Impertinence and Inhumanity of English Officers. - Unrest at Detroit. -- Preparations for Defense. -- British Presents to the Indians. - Harrison Defeats Indians at Tippecanoe. -- Citizens of Detroit Ask Congress for Troops. 272-273
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