USA > Mississippi > History of the upper Mississippi Valley, pt 1 > Part 39
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In the summer of 1854, Caleb and W. H. Wood- bury and A. P. Lane built u flouring mill, which was destroyed by tire tho following winter. It was rebuilt in 1855, by Caleb Woodbury, and is yet standing at the right of the castern approach to the bridgo; it is owned by W. D. Washburn & Co., and used as a custom and feed mill.
The dum was twice washed away prior to 1856, but during that year was rebuilt by James Me- Cunu, and is still in use. In 1860, Mr. McCann
bought the water-power with all its improvements, together with all the mills, except the flouring mill now standing ucar the bridge; the saw-mill had but one sash saw, and a capacity of six thou- saund feet per day. In 1863, he erected another saw-inill besitle the okl one, which contained one circular, shingle and lath machines, trimmers, etc., with a capacity of twenty thousand feet per day. In 1869, he built a flouring mill, run it about a year, and sold his entire milling interest to W. D. Washburn & Co., who now own it.
FERRY .- A company consisting of Joseph Holt, J. W. Groat, and others, was formed in 1855, to put in operation a ferry across the Mississippi at this point. Mr. Groat, now a resident of Anoka, built the boat at a eost of $100, and it was launched on tho eleventh of September, 1855. It was thought by some that the charge for ferriage was too high, and a movement was started, headed by James McCann, to run an opposition ferry. A boat was built and run free for several years, when the original company abandoned the contest. McCann and company then sold their outlit to the town of Anoka, and it is now owned by the city, which imposes a tax on the traveler barely sufficient to eover expenses.
ACTS OF INCORPORATION .- By reference to the legislative records of of the state of Minnesota, we find that on the 29th of July, 1858, an act was passed incorporating the "City of Anoka." It was divided by this act into two wards, all on the cast side of Rum river constituted the first ward, and all on the west side, the second ward. The charter is very full, and the legislative power of tho council ample and complete. The act of incorporation is made a publie act, and may be read in evidence in all courts of law and equity in this stato without proof.
The citizens, however, did not accept this charter, and on the 5th of March, 1869, another act was passed incorporating the " Borough of Anoka," which was also rejected by the people, and the territory remained a part of Anoka township until March, 1878. On tho 2d of March of the latter year, the art of incorporation, under which the city government of Anoka is organized, passed the legislature. The first city election was held on the 12th of March, at which the following officers were elected: Mayor, G. W. Church; Aldermen, D. C. Dahin, D. H. Inne, T. G. Browning, A. Davis, II. N. Scely, and J. HI. Pierce; Clerk, J. S. McLeod; Treasurer, I. E. Lepper; Justices of the
15
226
HISTORY OF THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY.
Peace, W. W. Fitch and E. S. Teller; and Consta- bles, George Geddes und Norman MeLean.
At the time of organization the city was divided into two wards, the east side of the river being known as the First ward, and the west side as the Second ward. In the spring of 1878, the First ward was divided into the Second and Third, and the Second, changed to the First ward. The pop- ulation, according to the census of 1880, was 2,706.
POST-OFFICE .- Ttc first post-office was estab- lished at Anoka in the winter of 1853. The first Postmaster was George W. Branch, and his sue- cessors to the present time have been: R. M. John- son, E. H. Davis, J. C. Frost, S. M. Varney, George Colbath, G. A. Jenks, M. Q. Butterfield, R. C. Mitchell, S. P. Starritt, Mrs. Johnson, R. M. Tay- lor, and J. A. Foote, the present incumbent.
BANK OF ANOKA .-- This enterprise was organ- ized on the Ist of April, 1874, by Walter Mam and W. R. Merriam, of St. Paul, and C. E. Blake, of Anoka. Mr. Blake was appointed cashier. On the 1st of July, 1877, Mr. Blake disposed of his interest to Mann and Merriam, and P. F. Pratt became cashier. On the 7th of February, 1879, Thomas Cochran and A. E. Clark, of St. Pan, and P. F. Pratt, of Anoka, purchased the bank of Mann and Merriam, and are the present proprie- tors with Mr. Pratt as cashier. The business of the bank shows a flattering degree of prosperity, the amount, in 1880, being thirty-three per cent. in excess of the previous year.
MANUFACTURES .- Outside of Minneapolis, per- hups there is no city in the state possessed of more natural advantages for manufacturing purposes than Anoka. Rum river furnishes an immense water power, but u small portion of which is now utilized. A large traet of pine lands at the head- waters of the river are accessible, and large quantities of logs nro driven down at a compar- atively small cost. Then, the location enables Them, if necessary, to obtain any quantity of logs from the great Mississippi, as its hundreds of millions float by every season. It is situ- ated on one of the great railroad arteries of the Northwest, the St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba, over which large shipments of wheat arrive weekly from northwestern Minnesota and Dakola, for manufacture in the flouring mills of the city, and is reshipped over the same line to adl parts of the world.
We have shown the circumstances attending the
birth of mannfactures in Anoka, we will now attempt to give some iden of the present magni- tnde of the varied industries.
LUMBER MILLS.
ANOKA LUMBER COMPANY. -- The first mill erected on this site was by Ammi Cutter, in 1866; it was burned and rebuilt in 1869, and again destroyed by fire and rebuilt in 1870-71, and a few years later was sold to the Anoka Lumber Company. The first two mills had a pail factory attached. The present mill is 48x105 feet, contains a double cirentar, gang, patent edger, and all other necessary machinery. It is operated by a 150 horse-power engine. Fifty men are employed in the mill and yards, and the capacity is 75,000 feet per day.
ST. PAUL MILL .-- This mill was built in 1868, by A. and L. B. Martin. In 1872, it was pur- chased by the St. Paul Lumber Company, who, after rebuilding, retitting, and running it for three years, sold it to Recd & Sherwood, the present owners. It is 65x130 fect, and contains one double stock gang, two double circulars, two patent edgers, one shingle machine, one lath machine, and a large amount of other machinery, necessary to the equipment of a first-class mill. The propell- ing power is two engines, each from 100 to 150 horse-power.
The capacity is one hundred thousand feet daily, and about one hundred and twenty-five men are employed in the mill and yards.
W. D. WASHBURN & Co.'s MILL .-- - This mitl was built by the present owners in 1872. It is 60x 120 feet, with an ammal capacity of sixteen mil- lions. It contains one double gang, two double circulars, besides an immmerable quantity of other machinery necessary to render completeness in every department.
The engine here nsed was built by the North Star Iron Works, of Minneapolis, and is 250- horse power. One hundred and twenty-five men are employed about the mill and yards.
During the winter, seventy-five men are em- ployed in the logging camps, and in addition to the logs thus obtained, n large amount are pur- chased anumnally
DOOR, SASH AND BLIND FACTORY. This build- ing is owned by the Anoka Lumber Company, and the machinery, by Dunham & Storms, who lease the building and carry on the business. tt is 50x56 feet, and two and-n-half stories high.
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227
CITY OF ANOKA1.
Abont twenty-five men aro employed, and the motive power is a 30-horse-power engine.
FLOURING MILLS.
LINCOLN MILL. This mill is owned by W. D. Washburn & Co. It was built in 1880, and is 60 x120 foot, and seven stories high. It contains eighteen sets of Gray's corrugated rolls, and sixteen sets of smooth rolls, five run of buhrs and four rum of ending stones, besides the necessary num- ber of purifiers, separators, cockle machines, etc. It is operated by two American Turbine wheels, and a Corliss engine of 250-horse power. Forty men are employed in the mill, and the daily ea- pacity is six hundred barrels.
EAGLE FLOURING MILL .- This mill is 30x40 feet and three stories high. It was built by Owen & Morse, in 1879, and contains five run of stones, one cockle machine, thrce purifiers, one smutter, one separator, one coru sheller, and four bolting reels. The capacity is fifty barrels per day.
CUSTOM AND FEED MILL .- This mill, as before stated, was built by Woodbury & Lane, in the fall of 1854, burned that winter and rebuilt the fol- lowing summer by Mr. Woodbury. It is now owned and operated by W. D. Washburn & Co.
RELIGIOUS.
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH .- On Sunday, May 6, 1855, at the house of the Rev. Royal L. Twitchell, this church was organized. It consist- ed of the following members: Rev. R. L. Twitchell and his wife Alena M., Allen N. Nourse, Deacon, and Benjamin Messer and his wife, five members in all. Mr. Twitchell preached a sermon on the occasion, und afterwards acted as moderator during the organization.
In 1857, the first church was built, and on the 18th of June, 1866, it was sold to the Roman Catholic church. A new church was at once be- gun, and finished in 1869. There are now abont eighty members.
The Society was organized on the 11th of June, 1856, with Benjamin Messer, Royal L. Twitchell, and William W. Payne, trustees. .
The ministers who have had charge of this con- gregation, are Revs. Royal L. Twitchell, Austin Willey, A. K. Packard, D. H. Rogan, K. T. Norris, R. S. Cross, and M. A. Stephens.
Fruesr BsPrisr CHunen. The first sermon in Anoka, under the anspices of the Baptist Church, was preached by Rev. Lyman Palmer, on the 3d of June, 1855, at the old hoarding houre on the east
sido of Rinn river. He continued to preach regu- larly, except one year's absence in the East, until 1863. In the carly part of his ministry, and be- fore there was any church, services wero held in a house used for n school-house, and owned by Major Ripley. He also preached occasionally in a steamboat, called the H. M. Rice, which was compelled to lie at the levee on account of low water. On the 25th of March, 1856, the church was organized with seven members: Lyman Pal- mer and his wife Elizabeth, James M. Lane and his wife Margaret, Charles King and his wife Cyrena, and Laura A. Wheeler, all of whom, ex- cept Charles King, are yet living.
A church was commenced in the spring of 1857, and dedicated on the 1st of March, 1859; it is still in use, although it has been remodeled and much enlarged. The membership is upwards of one Inindred.
The Sabbath school also has a membership of over one hundred: it was organized in the spring of 1858.
The ministers sueeecding Rev. L. Palmer were Revs. J. R. Banmes, Jolm Scott, Moses Heath, J. B. P'cet, J. B. Tuttle, J. B. Shaff, and A. M. Torbet, the present ineumbent.
METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH .- In 1853, Ben- ton County Mission included all the territory north of St. Anthony, and within that unlimited bonndary, there was but one Methodist, a lady named Lucy Olmsted.
At a conference meeting held at Baraboo, Wis- consin, on the Ist of September, 1853, Rev. J. H. White was appointed missionary to this work, and immediately entered upon his duties. lle re- mained in charge of the mission only abont six months, however, although continuing as a local preacher for several years. The first class was formed at Anoka on the 10th of September, 1854.
About 1859, the question of building a church began to be agitated, and the plan was snecess- fully carried out during the war, but, nnfortn- nately, the building was destroyed by fire soon after. In 1865-6, the present church was built, at a cost of $2,500, but improvements havo since been made, nutil the present valnation is $7,000.
In 1855, Benton County Mission was divided into Monticello Mission and Belle Prairie Cirenit, but the two works remained as one during the year. In 1856, they were separated mid named Anokn Mission and Little Falls Mission. In 1857, they were again divided and named Anoka Cir-
228
HISTORY OF THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY.
euit, Fremont Cireuit, Sauk River Cireuit, and Little Falls and Belle Prairie Missions. Loug after the latter change Anoka Circuit was formed, bnl for many years il has been a station, with a regular pastor, und prenching Lwice every Sabbath.
Wo give n partial list of the clergymen who he had elmrgeof this work; the names of some of the earlier ones, we have been unable to ob- tain: Rovs. J. H. White, O. P. Light, N. Latlı- rop, T. McClary, J. Stafford, D. W. Bennett, S. G. Gale, C. M. Heard, C. Griswold, J. H. Macomber, and H. G. Bilbie, the present minister.
FIRST UNIVERSALIST CHURCH .- The first meet- ing of the members of this denomination at Anoka, was held at Cutter's Hall, on the 6th of January, 1867, by Rev. Moses Goodrich. On the 11th of February following the Society was or- ganized and the officers elected. A Sunday school was organized on the 13th of February, with fif- teen scholars, and James J. Couchman, superin- tendent. The church was erected in 1871, and dedicated the same fall, Rev. J. H. Tuttle of Minneapolis, preaching the dedicatory sermon.
Rev. Mr. Goodrich preached steadily and labor- ed zealously to promote the cause, until 1874, when he suffered an attack of cerebro spinal men- ingitis, from which he never fully recovered, but remained an invalid until his death, which oceurr- ed on the 16th of December, 1880.
His place in the pulpit was filled by Rev. L. M. Burrington, who was succeeded by Rev. Richard Thornton, who held services occasionally for sev- eral years. Then, Rev. W. H. Harrington, now of Stillwater, hund charge of the congregation about a year, but removed to his present location in the spring of 1879, since which time there has been no reguher pastor. Rev. Manley has preached here occasionally during the last two yours.
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TRINITY CHURCH PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. A parish organization was effected on the 17th of September, 1858, by Rev. Robert Paul, who was installed as pastor, but tendered his resignation after one month's service. It is said that there had been some mission work done here prior to this or- ganization. The church was built in 1860, but has recently been removed to a more advantage- ons location, and much improved in appearance. A rectory near the church has also just been completed
The clergymen who have sneeceded Rev. R. Paul, are Revs. S. Chamberlin, G. L. Chase, John Scott, Royal Marshall, Charles E. Bird, Charles
Booth, and Andrew D. Stowe, the present incum- bent. There was no regular pastor from 1864 until 1874, and from 1877 until the arrival of Mr. Stowe, on the 16th of August, 1880, services were held once a mouth by Charles Booth, an itinerant missionary.
SWEDISH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH .--- This church was organized on the 11th of Febru- ary, 1870, by Rev. J. G. Sjoqvist, of Mineapolis. The first members were Jonas Norell and family, Olof Petterson and family, A. Petterson and fam- ily, J. G. Abrahamson, J. Edsberg, Olof Johnson, P. Enlund, and A. Larson and family. The dea- cons were Jonas Norell, J. Edsberg, P. Enlund. Trustees, Andrew Petterson, Olof Petterson and Jonas Norell. The ministers who have held ser- vices at this church, are Revs. Jonas Ausland, C. Evald, E. A. Fogelstrom, J. E. Erlander, A. P. Mouten, of St. Paul, and J. Ternstedt, of Minne- apolis. Hans Nelson, of Anoka, preaches every Sabbath when the pulpit is not supplied by an ordained minister. They have a neat little church 36x40 feet, erected in 1873.
The present officers are: Deacons, Hans Nelson, Jolin G. Ersin, and J. Petterson; Trustees, J. G. Ersin, A. Dahlgren, and E. Colin; Secretary, N. Moberg.
ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH .- The first mass at Anoka was conducted by Father Earth, at the house of Peter Donnelly, iu August, 1856. and subsequently at different times until 1858. Fath- ers MeDermott, Genis, and Maurer attended this mission from that time until 1873, when Father MeDermott became a resident pastor. He was succeeded by Father MeGolrick, and he, by Futher Hayes, whose untimely death has cast n pall over the entire congregation, a further notice of which appears in the pages of this work. His successor has not been appointed at the date of this writing.
SOCIETIES.
FREEMASONS. - Anoka Lodge, No. 30, A. F. and A. M., was organized on the 21st of October, 1859. The first officers were: W. M., Owen Evans; S. W., J. F. Clark; J. W., J. H. Martin: Treas., J. B. Lufkin; Sec., J. H. Colbath; S. D., N. Small; J. D., I. P. Stront; nud Tiler, Geo. M. Small.
The present officers are: W. M., George E. Cotton; S. W., H. S. Sparks; J. W., P. H. Wick- Innd; Treas., P. F. Pratt; See., O. L. Cntter; S. D., J. I. Giddings; J. D., J. E. Craig; S. S., H. W. Sterling; J. S., 11. W. Featherston; and Tiler,
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229
CITY OF ANOKA.
W. E. Poole. The present membership is ninety.
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS-Minnesota Lodge, No. 8, was organized on the 26th of December, 1872, with nineteen members. The first officers were: C. C., M. V. Bean; V. C., D. C. Dunmmmm; P., R. D. Car- voll; M. E., S. B. Sheldon; M. F., O. L. Cutter; K. R. and S., W. W. Fitch; M. A., C. P. Cutter; I. G., E. L. Curial; O. G., HI. E. Lopper; and P. C., J. B. Tuttle. The present membership is about sixty, und the officers ure: C. C., O. L. Cutter; V. C., W. HI. Herrick; P., W. J. Miller; M. E., C. B. Church; M. F., O. D. Nash; K. R. and S., H. E. Lepper; M. A., C. H. Tasker; I. G., F. C. Frost; O. G., G. E. Storms; and P. C., H. C. Loelil.
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC-J. S. Cady Post was organized on the 28th of October, 1880. There are forty-five members, and the first offieers were: Post Commander, J. W. Pride; Senior Viee, W. E. Cundy; Junior Vice, J. H. Cook; Officer of the Day, D. M. Parker; Offieer of the Guard, I. L. Twitchell; Quartermaster, W. F. Chase; Chaplain, S. C. Robbins; Sergeant, L. R. Wakefield; Adju- tant, N. C. Simmilkeir; Sergeant Major, S. W. Lent; and Second M. Sergeant, J. W. Wells.
ANCIENT ORDER OF UNITED WORKMEN --- Anoka Lodge No. 8 was organized on the 6th of March, 1877, with fifteen members. The first officers were: Master, J. I. Giddings; Past Master, P. A. Bnrgs- ma; Foreman, H. W. Featherston; Overseer, N. C. Simmilkeir; Guide, O. McFull; Receiver, Henry Webster; Finance, Henry Loell; and Reeorder, C. L. Parsons.
PATRONS OF HUSHANDRY-Anoka Grange, No. 410 was organized on the 5th of January, 1874, with about twenty members. The first officers were: Master, N. Small; Overseer, Lewis Martin; Chap- Inin, Moses Goodrich; Secretary, Himm Thornton; Lecturer, S. Stockwell; Treasurer, Nancy Good- rich; Steward, M. D. Lapham; Assistant Steward, David Sins; Indy assistant, Mrs. Susan M. Sias; Flora, Mrs. Mary E. Small; Ceres, Mrs. D. E. Whitney; Pomona, Miss E. M. Small; and Gate- keeper, S. A. Farrington.
This is one of the most prosperons Granges in the state, having sustained its organization and flourished, when sister lodges were being rapidly disbanded. The present membership is about sixty.
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF GOOD TEMPLARS .-- De- termination Lodge, -No. 209, was organized on the 9th of February, 1880, with about sixty members.
The first officers were: W. C. T., G. E. Cotton; W. V. T., Nelly Houston; Sec., O. Peet: Treas., Minnie Jillett; F. S., J. B. Herring; Mar., S. McGaffey; 1. G., Minio Cotton; O. G., J. H. Cook; R. I. S., Mrs. N. P. Jamieson; T. I. S., Maggie Melcod, and Lodge Deputy, G. Putmm. The present membership is about one hundred.
Northern Light Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, existed here for n number of years, but the charter was surrendered several years since.
SCHOOLS-The first school in Anoka was taught in a one-story frame building on the west side, now owned by William Cobart, and used as a dwelling. Prior to 1873, this was known as dis- trict number one, and embraced a large tract of country beyond the city limits. In the latter year, it was formed into an independent distriet, and since the first of January, 1881, the boundaries have been eonfined to the city limits.
There is a school building in cach word of the eity, thus: the High School building, or Washing- ton school, in the third ward, erected in 1867; Franklin school, in the first ward, erected in 1873; and the Irving school, in the second ward, erected in 1880. The two former are wooden buildings, and the latter is built of briek. There are, in all, twelve teachers employed.
In 1880, under the operation of the act "for the encouragement of higher education " approved on the 9th of March, 1878, and amended on the 8th of March, 1879, the Board of Education received $400 State aid, on eonditon that the High School should prepare students for the State University in a preseribed course of study articulating with some elass as high as the sub-freshman elass, and also receive, free of tuition, non-resident students, male and female, from any part of the Stute, qual- ified to enter the High School department in some one of its organized classes. Under this law, Anoka was one of the forty-two High Schools of the state that received $400 ench, State aid, in the year 1880-81.
Professor J. H. Gates, Superintendent of Anoka schools, and Dr. D. C. Dunham, under the super- vision of the Board of Eduention, arranged a reg- ular course of study for the schools, The regular school year closed on the 18th of June, 1881, when the first class, consisting of nine students, graduated.
While referring to the Anoka schools, withont detracting from others, too much praise cannot be
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230
awarded to Dr. Dunham, for the active part he has taken in the organization of the present eity sehool system.
"The school year consists of tou months, and we
present a specimen of the monthly reports.
Report of attendance for the month ending April 30th, 1881 :
Total.
5751 5471
9841 981
182
51 370
63
NEWSPAPERS.
- THE ANOKA COUNTY UNION. - This paper was established by George Gray, the first number appearing on the 31st of Angust, 1865. On the 2d of April, 1866, it passed into the hands of a stock company, with Granville S. Pease as mana- ger, he also being one of the stockholders. In the fall of the same year, Mr. Pease obtained a controlling interest, eventually purchased the en- tire stock, and now owns the paper. It is repub- lican iu politics.
THE ANOKA CITY HERALD .- This popular sheet was started in 1879, by Ammi Cutter. It claims to be independent in politics, but has decided republican proelivities.
FIRE DEPARTMENT .- An independent fire com-
DEPARTMENTS.
No. Enrolled.
Average No. Belonging.
Daily Attendance.
Per cent. Attendance.
Days of Absenee.
Cases Tardiness.
Neither absent nor tardy.
Visitors.
High School.
371
37
37
99
51
1
31
9
J. H. Gates and A. M. Hill.
First Grammar.
45
13
12
97
17
5
27
0
50!
45
43
97
22
12
23
3
Elizabeth Share.
Intermediate
541
50
18
96
10
5
34
Maria Pratt.
Intermediate
3 Kate Eastman.
Second Primary
471
45
44
49
98
6
1
40
8 Alice Eastman.
Primary.
52
50 56
53
99
16
1
40
10 Alice Jordan.
Primary ...
51
51
50
97!
15
+
38
7
Esther Hunter.
First Primary
bb
63
61
96
30
8
34
6 Kate J. Apfeld.
First Primary
69
63
62
98
26
13
6 Ella Giddings.
pany was formed here in 1857, and a few years later, was incorporated, taking the name of "Protection Hook and Ladder Company No. 1." This company still exists, and is said to be the oldest continuous organization in the state. Soou after being incorporated, they built a hall and presented it to the town of Anoka, to be nsed as a Town-hall. It was located near where W. D. Washburn & Co.'s office now is, and was burned a few years ago. The hook and ladder truck now used by the company, was built by its members twenty-three years ago, and has been in use ever since.
In September, 1878, the city fire department was organized, and the old Protection company turned over its apparatus to the city department, and became part of it, although maintaining their original organization.
The city department immediately erected an engine house, purehased an engine and two hose carts and other necessary paraphernalia, and thus equipped, is one of the most efficient volunteer organizations in the state.
The first officers were: Chief, O. L. Cutter First Assistant, R. M. Lowell; Second Assistant; I. HI. Bruns.
The present offieers are: Chief, W. J. Miller;
and Assistant, L. H. Bruns. In the brief review of the city of Anoka, thmis presented, it is a matter of regret, that limited space forbids a more minute description of the growing industries of this young and vigorous eity.
CHAPTER XLIX.
BIOGRAPHICAL-B. TO M.
MARCUS Q. BUTTERFIELD, Mayor of the city of Anoka, is a native of Farmington, Franklin county, Maine, and was born on the 7th of April, 1815. He received a common school education, and after- wards graduated at the Farmington Academy, in his native town. In 1845, he went to Ohio, finally settling at Dayton, where he lived until 1860. He first worked at the shoemaker's trade, which he had acquired when a young man, and afterwards studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1853, practic- ing his profession ever since, except while absent in the army. He came to Anoka iu 1860, and ro- mained until 1862, when he enlisted in the Eighth Minnesota Volunteer Infantry; served as First
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