USA > New Hampshire > Grafton County > Gazetteer of Grafton county, N. H. 1709-1886 > Part 3
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20
GRAFTON COUNTY.
Replacing these, to some extent, are the arbor vitæ ( Thuja occidentalis), the Canada blueberry ( Vaccinium Canadense), the high bush cranberry (Viburnum Opulus), the downy thorn ( Cratagus tomentosa), the red osier ( Cornus stolonifera), and others which, being herbaceous, are less con- spicuous.
The white pine (Pinus strobus) may be found up to an altitude of 2.500 feet above sea level, but in much less quantity than further south. The al- luvial lands along the Connecticut once bore a belt of white pine timber which was equal in size and quality to any in the United States; but only a few straggling specimens of this ancient forest remain. The pitch and the red pines (P. rigida and P. resinosa) are rather closely confined to lo- calities which are not far from 600 feet above the sea level, and are usually found in small quantities along the Connecticut and Pemigewasset rivers ; though a tract where the red pine predominates extends from the mouth of the Ammonoosuc southward to Haverhill, forming one of the most extensive tracts of this kind of pine in the State.
The principal portion of the county has an elevation of its surface suffi- cient to bring it within the great spruce region which clothes the White Moun- tains and extends southward along the Connecticut-Merrimac water-shed. Here the northern or Canadian type is almost supreme. The chief con- ifèrs are the black spruce, (Picea nigra), the balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and the hemlock ( Tsuga Canadensis). The principal broad-leaved species are the beech (Fagus ferruginea), the maples (Acer), yellow and white birches ( Betula lutea and B. papyrifera), basswood ( Tilia Americana), and white ash (Frax- inus Americana). Of these the canoe birch is the most generally distributed, being found along with the spruces and firs at the limit of trees on the highest mountains.
The summits of some of the mountains of the Franconia ranges, the prin- cipal being Mts. Lafayette, Lincoln, Liberty and Flume, are so high as to rise above the limit of arborescent vegetation in this latitude. But they in turn support a peculiar vegetation, Alpine or Arctic in character, containing the same species as are found in Labrador and under the Arctic circle. These spots, although not containing half as many species as the treeless area in- cluded by the summit of Mt. Washington and the other peaks of the Presiden- tial range, are yet well worthy of botanical study and will repay the naturalist for all his rough mountain climbing.
CATALOGUE.
(The natural orders are printed in SMALL CAPITALS, the indiginous species in Roman, and the introduced species in Italics. Rare or very local species are marked thus*, and Alpine species thust.)
21
BOTANICAL.
RANCULACEÆ. (Crowfoot Family.)
I. Clematis Virginiana.
2. Anemone cylindrica.
3. A. Virginiana.
4. A. memorosa.
5. Hepatica triloba.
6. H. acutiloba.
7. . Thalictrum dioicum.
8. T. Cornuti.
9. Ranunculus aquatilis.
IO. R. Flamula, var. reptans.
II. R. abortivus.
I2. R. recurvatus,
13. R. Pennsylvanicus.
14. R. bulbosus.
15. R. acris.
16. R. repens.
17. Caltha palustris.
18. Coptis trifolia.
19. Aquilegia Canadensis.
20. Actæa alba.
MENISPERMUMACEÆ.
(Moonseed Family.)
21. Menispermum Canadense.
BERBERIDACEÆ.
(Barberry Family.)
22. Berberis vulgaris.
23. Caulophyllum thalictroides.
NYMPHÆACEÆ.
(Water Lily Family.
24. Brasenia peltata.
25. Nymphæa odorata.
26. Nuphar advena.
SARRACENIACEÆ.
(Pitcher plant Family.)
27. Sarracenia purpurea
PAPAVERACEÆ.
(Poppy Family.)
28. Chelidonium majus.
29. Sanguinaria Canadensis. 2*
FUMARIACEAE.
(Fumitory Family.)
30. Corydalis glauca.
31. Dicentra Cucularia.
32. D. Canadensis.
33. Fumaria officinalis.
CRUCIFERÆ.
(Mustard Family.)
34. Nasturtium palustre.
35. N. sytrestre.
36 N. armoracia.
37. Dentaria diphylla.
38. D. Maxim.
39. D. laciniata .*
40. Cardamine hirsuta.
41. Arabis lævigata.
42. A. hirsuta.
43. A. perfoliata.
44. A. Drommondii.
45. Barbarea vulgaris.
46. Erysimun cheiranthoide
47. Sisymbrium officinale.
48. Brassica nigra.
49. B. campestris.
50. B. sinapistrum .*
5I.
B. alba.
52. Capsella Bursa-pastoris.
53. Lepidium Virginicum.
54. L. campestre.
55. Raphanus Raphanistrum.
VIOLACEAE. (Violet Family.)
56. Viola rotundifolia.
57. V. blanda.
58. V. cuculata.
59. V. sagittata.
60. V. canina, var, sylvestris.
61. V. pubescens.
62. V. renifolia .*
63. V. selkirkii.
64. V. prostrata.
65. V. Canadensis.
CISTACEA. (Rock Rose Family.)
66. Helianthemum Canadense.
67. Lechea major.
68. L. minor.
22
GRAFTON COUNTY.
DROSERACEÆ. (Sundew Family.)
69. Drosera rotundifolia.
70. D. longifolia.
HYPERCACEÆ. (St. Johnswort Family.)
71.
Hypericum ellipticum.
72. H. perforatum.
73. H. mutilum.
74. H. Canadense.
75. H. Sarothra.
76. H. pyramidatum.
77. Elodes Virginica.
CAROPHYLLACEÆ. (Pink Family.)
78. Saponaria officinalis.
79. Silene inflata.
80. S. antirrhina.
8 I. Lychnis Githago.
82. Arenaria Grønlandica.f
83. A. laterifolia.
84. Stellaria media.
85. S. longifolia.
86 S. borealis.
87. Cerastium viscosum.
88. C. arvense.
89. Spergularia, rubra, var, camp- 113. estris.
90. Spergula arrensis.
91. Sclearanthus anuus.
92. Mollugo verticillata.
PORTULACACEÆ. (Portulaca Family.)
115.
Rhamnus alnifolius.
CELASTRACEÆ.
(Staff-tree Family.)
116. Celastrus scandens.
SAPINEACE.E.
95. Malva rotundifolia.
96. M. crispa.
87. M. moschata.
II7.
Staphylea trifolia .*
118.
Acer Pennsylvanicum.
119. A. spicatum.
120
A. saccharinum.
98. Abutilon avicenne.
I2I.
A. dasycarpum.
I22. A. rubrum.
99. Tilia Americana.
LINACEÆ.
100. Linum Virginuanum.
GERANIACEA.
(Geranium Family.)
IOI. Geranium maculatum.
IO2. G. Robertianum.
103. G. Carolinianum.
104. Impatiens fulva.
105. Oxalis Acetosella.
106. O. stricta.
RUTACEÆ. (Rue Family.)
107. Zanthoxyluni Americanum.
ANACARDIACEÆ.
(Sumach Family.)
108. Rhus typhina.
108. R. glabra.
IIO. R. copallina.
III. R. venenata.
I12 R. Toxicodendron.
VITACEÆE.
(Vine Family.)
V. riparia.
I14. Ampelopsis quinquefolia.
RHAMNACEÆ.
(Buckthorn Family.)
93. Portuluca oleracea.
94. Claytonia Caroliniana.
MALVACEÆ. (Mallows Family.)
(Soap-berry Family.)
TILIACEÆE. (Linden Family.)
23
BOTANICAL.
POLYGALACEÆ.
165.
P. Canadensis.
166.
P. argentea.
167.
P. fruticosa.
123.
Polyglala sanguinnea.
124. P. verticillata.
125. P. polygama.
126. P. pauciflora.
171.
F. Virginiana.
172.
Dalibarda repens.
LEGUMINOSE.
(Pea Family.)
I27.
Trifolium arvense.
I28. T. pratense.
129.
T. repens.
178.
R. Canadensis.
130. T. agrarium.
179.
R. hispidus.
I31.
T. procumbens.
I80.
Rosa Carolina.
132.
Melilotus alba.
181.
R. lucida.
133. M. officinalis.
182.
R. Blanda.
I34.
Robinia Pseudacacia.
183.
R. rubiginosa.
I35.
Desmodium nudiflorum.
184.
Catægus coccinea.
136.
D. acuminatum.
185.
C. tomentosa.
I37. D. rotundifolium.
138.
D. Canadense.
187.
P Americana.
188.
Amelanchier Canadensis, var,
1 89.
A. Canadensis, var, oblongifolia.
SAXIFRAGACEÆ.
(Saxifrage Family.)
I90. Saxifraga Virginiensis.
191. S. Pennsylvanica.
192. Ribes cynosbati.
193. R. hirtellum.
194.
R. lacustre.
195. R. prostratum.
196.
R. floridum.
[97.
R. rubrum.
198. Mitella diphylla.
199. Tiarella cordifolia.
200. Mitella nuda.
201.
Chrysosplenium Americanum.
CRASSULACEÆ.
(House Leek Family.)
I57. S. tomentosa.
158. Agrmonia Eupatoria.
Geum album.
159. 160. 161. G. rivale.
G. Virginianum.
162. G. strictum.
163. Waldsteinia fragaroides.
164. Potentilla Norvegica.
168.
P. tridentata.
169.
P. palnistris.
I70.
Fragaria vesca.
I73.
Rubus odoratus.
174.
R. triflorus.
I75.
R. strigosus.
176.
R. occidentalis.
177.
R. villosus.
I39.
D. Dillenii.
I 40.
D. paniculatum.
I41.
D. rigidum.
142. Marilaudicum.
143.
Lespeda violacea.
I44.
L. hirta.
I45. 146. Vicia sativa.
147.
V Cracca.
1 48. Apios tuberosa.
I49. Amphicarpea monoica.
150. Cassia Marilandica
ROSACEÆ.
(Rose Family.)
15I. Prunus Americana.
152. P. pumila.
153. P. Pennsylvanica.
154 P. Virginiana.
P. serotina.
155. 156. Spirea salicifolia.
202. Penthorum Sedoides.
203. Sedum Telephium.
HAMAMCLACEÆ.
(Witch Hazel Family.)
204. Hamamelis Virginca.
186.
Pyrus arbutifolia.
Botrypium.
L capitata.
(Milk-wort Family.)
24
GRAFTON COUNTY.
HALORAGEE. (Water Milfoil Family.)
205. Proserpinaca palustris.
ONAGRACEE.
(Evening Primrose Family.)
206. Circaa Lutetiana.
207. C. alpina.
208. Epilobium angustifolium.
209. E. palustre, var, lineare.
210. E, coloratum.
2II. E. molle.
212. Œnothera biennis.
213. Œ. pumila.
214. Ludwigia palustris.
CUCURBITACEÆ.
(Gourd Family.)
215.
Echinocystis lobata.
216. Sicyos angulata.
UMBELLIFER.E.
(Parsnip Family.)
217.
Hydrocotyle Americana.
218. S. Marilandica.
219. S. Canadensis.
220.
Daucus Carota.
221. Heracleum lanatum.
222. Ligusticum Scoticum.
223.
Pastanaca sativa.
224.
Archangelica atropurpurea.
225. Thaspium aureum.
226. Cicuta maculata.
227. C. bulbifera.
228. Sium lineare.
229. Cryptotænia Canadensis.
230. Osmorrhiza brevistylis.
231. O. longistylis.
232.
Conium maculatum.
ARALIACE.E.
(Ginseng Family.)
233. Aralia racemosa.
234. A. hispida.
235. A. nudicaulis.
236. A. quinquefolia .*
237. A trifolia.
CORNACEA. (Cornel Family.)
238. Cornus Canadensis.
239. C. circinata.
240. C. serica.
241. C. alternifolia.
CAPRIFOLIACEÆ.
(Honeysuckle Family.)
242.
Linnea borealis.
2.43. Lonicera parviflora.
L. cilliata.
L. cœrulea.
246.
Diervilla trifida.
247. Sambueus Canadensis.
248. S. pubens
249. Viburnum Lentago.
250.
V. nudum.
251. V. dentatum.
252. V. acerifolium.
253.
V. Opulus .*
254-
V. lantanoides.
RUBIACEÆ. (Madder Family.)
255.
Gallium asprellum.
256. G. trifidum.
257.
G. triflorum.
258.
G. ciræzans.
259 Cephalanthus occidentalis .*
260.
Mitchella repens.
261. Houstonia cærulea.
COMPOSITE.
(Composite Family.,
262. Eupatorium purpureum.
263 E. perfoliatum.
264.
E. ageratoides.
265.
Tussilago Fafrara.
266.
Sericocarpus conyzoides.
267.
Aster corymbosus.
268.
A. macrophyllus.
269.
A. lævis.
270.
A. undulatus.
271. A. cordifolius.
272. A. multiflorus.
273. A. Tradescanti.
274. A. miser.
275.
A. longifolius.
244.
245
25
BOTANICAL.
276. A. puniceus.
329. Cichorium Intybus.
277. A. simplex.
330 Kirgia Virginica.
278. A. tenuifolius.
33L. Hieracium Candense.
279.
A. acuminatus.
332.
H. scabrum.
280. Erigeron Canadense.
333.
H. Gronovii.
E. bellidifoliun.
334. H. venosum.
E. Philadelphicum.
335. H. paniculatum.
336.
Nabalus albus.
E. annum.
337.
N. altissimus.
Diplopappus linarifolius,
D. umbellatus.
339. Lactuca Canadensis.
Solidago squarrosa.'
340. Mulgedium leucophæum.
34I. Sonchus oleraceus.
342.
S. asper.
CAMPANULACEA.
(Bell-wort Family.)
343 Lobelia cardinalis.
344. L. inflata.
345. L. spicata.
346, L. Dortmanna.
347.
Campanula rotundifolia.
348.
C. aparinoides.
ERICACEA. (Heath Family.)
349. Gaylussica resinosa.
350. Vaccinium oxycoccus.
351.
V. macrocarpon.
352. V. Vitis Idæa.f
353.
V. Pennsylvanicum.
354.
V. corymbosum. *
356.
V. uliginosum.t
357.
Chiogenes hispidula.
358. Epigæa repens.
359. Gaultheria procumbens.
360. Cassandra calyculata.
361. Andromeda polifolia .*
362. Kalmia angustifolia.
363.
K. glauca.
364. Rhododendron nudiflorum.
365. R. Rhodora.
366. Ledum latifolium. t
367. Pyrola rotundifolia.
368.
P. elliptica.
369. P. secunda.
370.
P. chlorantha.
371. Moneses uniflora.
372. Chimaphila umbellata.
373. Monotropa uniflora.
374. M. Hypopitys .*
293. 294. S. serotina. 295. S. lanceolata. 296. S. thysoidea. 297. S. altissinia. 298. S. latifolia. 299. S. stricta. 300. Inula Helenium. 301. Xanthium strumarium. 302. X. spinosum. 303. Rudbeckia hirta. Helianthus strumosus. 304. H. decapetalus. 305. 306. Helianthus tuberosus. 307. H. divaricatus. 308. Bidens frondosa. 309. B. connata. 310. B. cernua. 3I1. B. chrysanthemoides. 312. Maruta Cotula. Achillea Millefolium. 313. Leucanthemum vulgare. 314. 315. Tancetum vulgare. 316. Artemisia vulgaris. Gnaphallium decurrens. 317. 318. G. uliginosum. 319. 320. A. plantaginifolia. 321. Erechthites hieracifolia.
Antennaria margaritacea.
Senecio aureus.
322. 323. Cirsium discolor. C. pumilum. 324. 325. C. arvense. 326. Circium lanceolatum.
327. C. muticum.
328. Lappa officinabis.
S. Virga-aurea. var, humilis.
290. 291. S. aguta. var, juncea.
292. S. nemoralis.
S. Canadensis.
289. S. cæsia.
284. 285. 286. 287. 288. S. bicolor.
281. 282. 283. E. strigosum.
338. Taraxacum Dens-leonis.
V. vacillans.
355.
26
GRAFTON COUNTY.
AQUIFOLIACEÆ.
(Holly Family.)
375. Ilex verticillata.
376. Nemopanthes Canadensis.
PLANTAGINIE.
(Plaintain Family.)
377.
Plantago major.
378. P. lanceolata.
379. P. Rugelü.
PRIMULACEÆ.
(Primrose Family.)
380.
Trientalis Americana.
381. Lysimachia stricta.
382. L. quadrifolia.
383.
L. cilliata.
384. L. thyrsiflora.
LENTIBULACEÆE.
(Bladder-wort Family.)
385.
Utricularia inflata.
423.
Brunella vulgaris.
386. U. vulgaris.
387. U. minor
388. U. intermedia.
389. U. cornuta
390. U. purpurea .*
428.
G. Ladanum .*
429.
Stachys palutris.
OROBANCHACEÆ.
(Beechdrops Family.)
391.
Epiphegus Virginiana.
392. Aphyllon uniflorum.
430.
Cynoglossum Morisoni.
431. Lithosparmum arvense.
432. L. officinale.
433.
Myosotis palustris.
434. Echinospermum Lappula.
393.
Verbascum Thapsus.
394.
Linaria Canadensis.
395.
L. vulgaris.
396.
Chelone glabra.
397. 398. Gratiola aurea. 399. Veronica Americana.
400. V. scutellata.
401. V. serpyllifolia.
402. V. peregrina.
403. V. Buxbaumil.
404. Gerardia tenuifolia,
G. guercifolia.
405. 406. G. pedicularia.
407. Pedicularis Canadensis.
408. Melampyrum Americanum.
VERBENACEÆ.
(Verbena Family.)
409.
Verbena hastata.
410. V. urticifolia.
4II. Phryma Leptostachya.
LABIATA. (Mint Family.)
412.
Trichostema dichotomum.
413.
Teucriuem Canadense.
Mentha vridis.
415.
M. piperita.
416.
M. Canadensis.
417.
Lycopus Virginicus.
418.
L. Europæus.
419.
Hedeoma pulegioides.
420.
Monardo didyma.
421.
Nepeta Cataria.
422.
N. Glechoma.
424.
Scutellaria galericulata.
425.
S. lateriflora.
426. Leonurus Cardiaca.
427. Galeopsus Tetrahit.
(Water-leaf Family.)
Mimulus ringens.
435.
Hydrophyllum Virginicum. CONVOLVULACEÆ.
(Morning glory Family.)
436. Calystegia sepium.
437. C. spithamæ.
438. Cuscuta Gronovii.
BORRAGINACEÆ.
(Borage Family.)
HYDROPHYLLACEÆ.
SCROPHULARIACEAE. (Fig-wort Family.)
414.
27
BOTANICAL.
SOLANACEÆ.
(Night-shade Family.)
439. 440.
Solanum Dulcamara. S. nigrum.
441. Datura Stramonium.
GENTIANACEÆ.
(Gentian Family.)
442.
Gentiana crinita.
443. G. Andrewsii.
444. G. quinqueflora.
445. Menyanthes trifoliata.
446. Limnanthemum lacunosum.
APOCYNACEÆ. (Dogbane Family.)
Apocynum cannabinum.
447. 448. A. androsæmifolium.
ASCLEPIADACEÆ.
(Milk-weed Family.)
449.
Asclepias Cornuti.
450. A. phytolaccoides.
451.
A. purpuracens.
452. A. incarnata.
453- A. quadrifolia.
454. A. tuberosa.
455. A. obtusifolia.
OLEACEÆ.
(Olive Family.)
456. Fraxinus Americana.
457. F. sambucifolia.
ARISTOLOCHIACEA.
(Birthwort Family.)
458. Asarum Canadense.
PHYTOLACCACEÆ.
(Poke Family.)
459.
Phytolacca decandra.
CHENOPODIACE.E.
(Goose-foot Family)
460. Chenopodium album. 461. C. Botrys.
AMARANTACEÆ.
(Amaranth Family.)
462.
Amarantus retroflexus. A. albus.
POLYGONACEÆ.
(Joint-weed Family.)
464.
Polygonum Orentale.
465. P. Pennsylvanicum.
466.
P. Persicaria.
467.
P. Hydropiper.
468.
P. amphibium.
469.
P. aviculare.
470.
P. arifolium.
47 I.
P. sagittatum.
472. P. Convolvulus.
473.
P. dumetorum.
474. Rumex crispus.
475.
R. obtusifolius.
476.
R. Acetosella.
THYMELEACEÆ.
(Mezereum Family.)
477.
Dirca palustris.
SANTALACEÆ.
(Sandal-wood Family.)
478. Comandra umbellata.
CERATOPHYLLACEÆ.
(Hornwort Family.)
479. Ceratophyllum demersum.
CALLITRICHACEÆ.
(Starwort Family.)
480. Callitriche verna.
EUPHORBIACEÆ.
(Spurge Family.)
481. Euphorbia ınaculata.
482. E. hypercifolia.
483. E. Cyparissus.
484. E peplus.
485. Acalypha Virginica.
EMPETRACE.E.
(Crow-berry Family.)
486. Einpetrum nigrum.t
463.
28
GRAFTON COUNTY.
URTICACEÆ. (Nettle Family.)
487. Ulmus fulva.
488. U. Americana.
489.
U. racemosa .*
490. Celtis occidentalis.
491. Morus alba.
492. Urtica gracilis.
493. Laportea Canadensis.
494. Pilea pumila.
495. Bœhmeria cylindrica.
496. Cannabis sativa.
497. Humulus Lupulus.
JUGLANDACEÆ. (Walnut Family.)
498. Juglans cinerea.
499. Carya amara.
CUPULIFERÆ.
(Oak Family.)
500. Quercus alba.
501. Q. rubra.
502. Fagus ferruginea.
503. Corylus Americana.
504. C. rostrata.
505. Ostrya Virginica.
506. Carpinus Americana.
MYRICACEÆ.
(Sweet-gale Family.)
507. Myrica-gale. 508. Comptonia asplenifolia.
BETULACEA.
(Birch Family.)
509. Betula lenta. *
510. B. lutea.
51I. B. papyrifera.
512. Alnus incana.
513. A. viridis.
SALICCAEE. (Willow Family.)
514. Salix humilis.
515. S. discolor.
516. S. sericea.
517. S. cordata.
518. S. livida, var, occidentalis.
519. S. nigra.
520.
521.
S. alba.
522. Populus tremuloides.
523. P. grandidentata.
524.
P. balsamifera.
CONIFERE. (Pine Family.)
525. Pinus rigida.
526. P. resinosa.
527.
P. strobus.
528. Picea nigra.
529. Tsuga Canadensis.
430.
Abies balsamea.
531. Thuja occidentalis.
532. Larix Americana.
533. Juniperus communis.
534.
J. Virginiana.
535. Taxus baccata, var, Canadensis.
ARACEÆ. (Arum Family.)
536. Arisæma triphyllum.
537. Calla palustris.
538. Acorus Calamus.
LEMNACEÆ. (Duckweed Family.)
539. Lemna minor.
540. L. polyrrhiza.
TYPHACE. (Cat-tail Family.)
541. Typha latifolia.
542. Sparganium simplex, var, fluitans.
543.
Naias flexilis.
NAIADACEÆ. (Pond Weed Family.)
544. Potemageten natans.
545. P. Spirillus. 546. P. hybridus.
547.
P. gramineus.
S. lucida.
29
BOTANICAL.
548. P. pusillus.
549. P. Oakesianus.
589. Corallorhiza innata.
590. C. odontorhiza.
591. C. multiflora.
592. Cyripedium acaule.
593. C. pubescens.
594. C. aretinum .*
555. P. amplifolia.
IRIDACEÆ.
(Iris Family.)
595. Iris versicolor.
596. Sisyrinchium Bermudiana.
ALISMACEÆE.
(Water Plantain Family.)
56 1. 562.
Scheuchzeria palustris.
597.
Smilax herbacea.
Alisma Plantago, var, Ameri- canum
563. Sagittaria variabilis.
564.
S. graminea.
598. Trillium erectum.
599.
T. erythrocarpum.
(Frogs-bit Family.)
600.
T. cernuum .*
601.
Medeola Virginica.
565. Vallisneria spiralis.
602.
Veratrum viride.
603.
Uvularia sessilifolia.
ORCHIDACEA.
604.
Streptopus roseus.
605. S. amplexifolius.
606.
Clintonia borealis.
607.
Smilacina bifolia.
608.
S. trifolia.
609. S. racemosa.
610.
S. stellata.
611. Polygonatum biflorum.
612.
P. giganteum.
572. H. blephariglottis.
613.
Aspargus officinalis.
614. Lillium Philadelphicum.
615.
L. Canadense.
616. Erythronium Americanum.
617. Allium Canadense.
618. A. tricoccum.
619.
Hemerocallis fulva.
JUNCACEÆ. (Rush Family.)
620. Luzula pilosa.
621. L. parviflora, var, melanocarpa. f
622. Juncus effusus.
623. J. bufonius.
624. J. tenuis.
(Lily Family.)
HYDROCHARIDACEÆ.
(Orchis Family.)
566. Orchis spectabile .*
567. Habenaria tridentata.
568. H. viridis, var, bracteata.
569. H. hyperborea.
570. 571. H. orbiculata.
573. H. lacera.
574. H. psycodes.
575. H. fimbriata.
H. obtusata.
576. 577. H. dilatata. 578. Goodyera repens.
G. pubescens.
579. 580. Spiranthes cernua.
S. gracilis.
581. 582. Arethusa bulbosa. 583. Listera cordata. 584. L. convallarioides.
585. Pogonia ophioglossoides.
Calopogen pulchellus.
586. 587. Microstylis ophioglossoides.
588. Liparis Læselli.
550. P. Claytoni.
551. P. lonchites.
552. P. perfoliatus.
553. P. pauciflorus.
554. P. Tuckermani.
556. P. sufescens.
557. P. Compressus.
558. P. perfoliates, var, Lanceolatus.
559. P. pectinatus.
560.
P. Robbinsii.
SMILICEA. (Smilax Family.)
LILLIACEA.
H. Hookeri.
30
GRAFTON COUNTY.
625. J. Greeni.
662.
C. stipata.
626. J. acuminatus.
663. C. cephalophora.
627. J. pelocorpus. 664.
C. rosea.
628
J. Canadensis. var, coarctatus. 665.
C. tenella.
629. J. nodosus.
666.
C. trisperma.
667.
C. canescens.
668.
C. scroparia.
632. J. marginatus.
670.
C. straminea, var, typica.
PONTEDERIACEÆ.
671.
C.
var, aperta.
(Pickerel Weed Family. )
673-
C. gynandra.
633.
Pontederia cordata.
674.
C. granularis.
XYRIDACEAE.
676.
C. conoidea.
(Yellow-eyed Grass Family,)
678.
C. virescens.
634. Xyris flexuosa.
679.
C. plantaginea.
635. X. var, pusillata.
680.
C. platyphylla.
681.
C. Emmonsii.
ERIOCAULONACE.E.
682.
C. laxiflora.
(Pipe-wort Family. )
684.
C. Pennsylvanica.
636. Eriocaulon septangulare.
685.
C. pubescens.
CYPERACE.E.
687.
C. comosa.
688.
C. hystricina.
689.
C. intumescens.
637. Cyperus diandrus.
638. C. dentatus.
639.
C. strigosus.
640. C. inflexus.
641. C. filiculmis.
642. C. phymatodes.
691.
Leersia Virginica.
643.
Dulichium spatchaceum.
692.
L. oryzoides.
644.
Eleocharis obtusa.
693.
Alopecurus pratensis.
645. E. tenuis.
694.
A. geniculatus.
646. E. acicularis.
695.
Phleum pratense.
647. E. Robbinsii.
696.
Sporobolus serotinus.
648. E. palustris.
697.
Agrostis perennans.
649.
E. olivacea.
698.
A. scabra.
650. Scirpus validus.
699.
A. vulgaris.
651. S. sylvaticus.
700
A. alba.
652. S. atrovirens.
701.
A. canina.
653. S. Eriophorum.
702.
Cinna arundinacea.
654.
S. pungens.
703.
Muhlenbergia glomerata.
655. S. Torreyii.
704.
M. Mexicana.
656. S. debilis.
705.
M. sylvatica.
657. Rhynchospora alba.
706.
M. sorbolifera.
658. R. glomerata.
708. Brachyelytrum aristatum.
659. R. fusca .*
709. Calmagrostis Canadensis.
660. Cladium mariscoides.
710. C. Langsdorffi.t
661. Carex vulpinoidea.
7II. Oryzopsis melanocarpa.
630. J. trifidus.
631. J. filiformis.
669. C. lagopodoides.
672.
C. crinita.
675.
C. pallescens.
677.
C. gracillima.
683.
C. umbellata.
686.
C. scabrata.
(Sedge Family.)
690.
C. lupulina.
GRAMINE. (Grass Family.)
3 1
BOTANICAL.
712. O. asperifolia.
713. O. Canadensis.
764. E. variegatum.
765.
E. scirpoides.
FILICES (Fern Family.)
766. Polypodium vulgare.
719.
720. G. aquatica.
769. Asplenium Trichomanes.
721. Poa annua.
722. P. compressa.
723. P. serotina.
771. A. anguslifolium .*
724. P. pratensis.
772. A. thelypteroides.
725. P. trivialis.
773.
A. Filix -- fœmina.
726. P. alsodes.
774.
Phegopteris polypodiodes.
727.
Eragrostis pectinacea.
776.
P. Dryopteris.
728. Festuca ovina.
F. elatior.
729. 730. Bromus secalinus.
B. cilliatus.
779.
A. spinulosum, var, interme- dium.
780 A. var, Bootii.
781. A. cristatum.
782. A. inarginale.
783.
A. acrostichoides.
Danthonia spicata.
784.
Cysopteris fragilis.
785. Cystopteris bulbifera.
786. Camptosorus rhizophyllus. *
Phalaris Canariensis.
787. Struthiopteris Germanica.
788.
Onoclea sensibilis.
789.
Woodsia Ilvensis.
790. Dicksonia punctilobula.
791. Osmunda regalis.
792. O. Claytoniana.
793.
O. cinnamonea.
794. Botrychium Virginicum.
795. B. lunaroides, var, obliquum.
796. B. var. desectum.
797. B. matricaræfolium.
798. B. lanceolatum.
799.
B. simplex .*
800.
Ophioglossum vulgatum.
LYCOPODIACEÆ.
(Lycopodium Family.)
801. Lycopodium lucidulum.
802. L. selago .*
803.
L. inundatum.
804. L. annotinum.
805. L. complanatum.
806. L. clavatum.
807. Selaginella rupestris.
808. Isoetes echinospora.
809. I. riparia.
735. 736. 737. 738. 739. 740. 741.
E. Canadensis.
Gymnostichum Hystrix.
Hierochlea borealis .*
Authoxanthum odoratum.
742. 743. 744.
P. agrostoides.
745. 746.
P. latifolium.
747.
P. dichotomum.
748. P. Crus-galli.
P. glabrum.
P. Sanguinale.
P. clandestinum.
751. 752. P. virgatum.
P. xanthophysum .*
753. 754. P. depauperatum.
Setaria glauca.
755. 756. S. viridis. 757. Cenchrus tribuloides.
758. Androporgon furcatus. 759. A. scroparius.
EQUISETACE.E.
(Horsetail Family.)
760. Equisteum arvense.
761. E. hymale.
762. E. sylvaticum.
763. E. limosum.
714. Dactylis glomerata.
715. Glyceria Canadensis.
716. G. elongata.
717. G. nervata.
718. G. pallida. G. fluitans.
767. Adiantum pedatum.
768. Pteris aquilina.
770. A. ebeneum.
775.
P. hexaganoptera.
777. Aspidium Thelypteris.
778. A. Novaboracense
731. 732. 733. 734.
B. Kalmi.
Triticum repens.
Elymus Virginicus.
P. arundinacea.
Paspalum setaceum.
Panicum sanguinale.
749. 750.
P. capillare.
32
GRAFTON COUNTY.
SOIL AND STAPLE PRODUCTIONS.
As the soil and productions vary materially in different parts of the county, these subjects are covered in the town sketches. Some idea of the territory, as a whole, however, may be obtained from the following statistics, shown by the census report of 1880. The county then had 4,794 farms, representing an area of 425,783 acres of improved land, valued, including buildings, etc., at $10,520, 102.00, while its total public debt, bonded and floating, was. $642,484.00, with a sinking fund of $59,221.00. These farms supported 8,337 horses, 14 mules, 5,060 working oxen, 14,190 milch cows, 18,750. other cattle, 74,054 sheep, and 8,577 swine. The stock products for the year were 384,918 pounds of wool, 153, 104 gallons of milk, 1,432,673 pounds of butter, and 201,455 pounds of cheese. The products of the farms were 32,961 bushels of buckwheat, 8,981 bushels of barley, 206,323 bushels of In- dian corn, 360,902 bushels of oats, 5,813 bushels of rye, 43,318 bushels of wheat, 108,048 tons of hay, 684,796 bushels of potatoes, 2,734 pounds of hops, and orchard products to the value of $96,424.00.
MANUFACTURES.
The county is not what may be called a manufacturing district ; indeed,. while it has many fine water powers that are utilized, it has still many others that await the hand of enterprise ; but as sketches of the resources and his- tory of each of the manufactories are given in the town wherein they are re- spectively located, we will dismiss the subject at this point with the following statistics from the census report of 1880: There were then 465 manufactur- ing establishments in the county, representing an invested capital of $2, 155,- 956.00 and giving employment to 2,528 hands, to whom was paid $633,- 869.00 in wages. The total value of materials used was $2,595, 146.00 and the total product $4, 117,710.00.
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