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6
1739 HISTORY OF
MORRIS
COUNTY
NEW JERSEY. 1882
CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
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History of Morris County, New Jersey, wi
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1865
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Cornell University Library
The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library.
There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text.
http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028828386
MORRIS COUNTY COURT HOUSE
Morris County Scenery
LIBRARY BUILDING, MORRISTOWN.
SHIMERS MONUMEN
OLD PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH" MORRISTOWN, N. J.
.
1739.
.
HISTORY
OF
MORRIS COUNTY,
NEW JERSEY,
-
WITH
-
Ilustrations, and iographical
ketches ---
OF
PROMINENT CITIZENS AND PIONEERS.
NEW YORK: W. W. MUNSELL & CO., 36 VESEY STREET.
1882.
PRESS OF GEORGE MACNAMARA, 36 VESEY STREET, NEW YORK.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
OUTLINE HISTORY OF NEW JERSEY.
CHAPTER XI.
Travel and Transportation-Turnpikes-
The Morris Canal-Railroads ..... 66-71
CHAPTER XII.
The Indians of New Jersey-Discovery
and Settlement of the State 7,8
CHAPTER II.
New Jersey under the Duteh and English
8-10
CHAPTER XIV.
CHAPTER III.
New Jersey's part in the French and Rev- olutionary Wars. 11, 12
CHAPTER IV.
Participation of the State in the Wars of this Century 12, 13
CHAPTER V.
CHAPTER XVI.
The 11th N. J. Regiment-Battles and Losses of Companies E and H ..
13-15
CHAPTER VI.
Mineral Resourees-Industries-Canals and Railroads-Population- 15, 16
HISTORY OF MORRIS COUNTY.
CHAPTER I.
The Indians in Possession-Early Boun- dary Lines-The First Settlements
17-20
CHAPTER I1.
The Formation of Morris County and its Division into Townships .. 20-22
CHAPTER III.
The Prelude to the Revolution-Patriot Leaders of Morris County ... 22-27
Brown, Jolin P 240
Budd, Daniel 215
Butterworth, Joshua H 326
Byram Family. 242
Chatham. 187-210 Campfield, Jabez 31
Chester. 211-216 Chandler, L. A 362
Hanover 217-228 Condict, Silas. 26
Cook, Ellis. 26
Cook, Silas. 252
Cooper, Daniel 262
Cooper, Nathan A 211
37-39 Mount Olive
254-259
Darby, John 220
Darcy, John 31
Pequannock
265-289
De Hart, William 24
Randolph 290-330 Diekerson, Jonathan 321
Dickerson, Mallon 32I
Roxbury. 364-371 Dickerson, Peter. 25,321
Washington 372-388 Dod Family 243
48-56
CHAPTER IX.
Slitting and Rolling Mills-Anthracite
Furnaces and Foundries ...
56-62
Bartleyville.
255
Ford, Jacob sen. 23, 114, 115
Boonton .. 178 Ford, Jaeob jr 115
62-66 Budd's Lake.
Butler. 39€
Chatham 199
Chester. 211
Dover .. 313
Drakeville .. 366
Ferromonte. 310
Flanders 255
Hanover 221
Littleton 221
Madison
200
McCainville 366
Mill Brook 310
Mine Hill 310
Morristown 109
Mount Freedom 310
Mount Olive 255
81-85
New Vernon .. 263
Parsippany 221
Port Morris 366
Port Oram. 309
South Stanhope. 255
Stanley.
200
The Brilliant Record of Companies C and
F 15th N. J. Volunteers.
88-93
Troy.
221
Walnut Grove.
310
Whippany. 22]
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
Allen, Jabez L. 328
Allen, Job. 341
Axtell Family. 242
Baker, Henry 360
Baker, William H. 362
Barnes, Rev. Albert 136
Beaman, David 342
Bergen, Rev. John G. 208
Boisaubin, Vincent 203
CITY AND TOWNSHIP HISTORIES.
Boonton 177-186
27-31
CHAPTER V.
Morris County Militia in the Revolution -Incidents of the War.
32-37
Jefferson 229-240
Mendham 241-248
Montville. 249-253
Morristown 109-176
Recovering from the Revolution-Mor -. ris County Men in the War of 1812.
CHAPTER VII.
The Iron Industry of Morris County-
Early Enterprises-Forges and Bloomaries CHAPTER VIII.
Chareoal Furnaees -- Pompton, Hibernia, Mt. Hope and Split Roek ..
Drake, Jacob. 25
Faesch, John Jacob. .53,281, 337
Fairchild Family. 928
Fisher, Rev. Samuel. 136
CHAPTER X.
Iron Mines of Morris County
PAGE.
CHAPTER I.
Religious and Educational Interests ..... 71-73
CHAPTER XIII.
Political Parties and Candidates-Officers and Representatives. 73-80
Opening of the Civil War-First Volun- teers-Ladies' Aid Societies. 80,81
CHAPTER XV.
Company K 7th N. J .- Captain South- ard's Engineers-Captain Dunean's Com- pany ...
Educational, Governmental and Benevo- lent Institutions-The State Administra- tion
85-88
CHAPTER XVII.
CHAPTER XVIII.
History of the 27th N. J. Volunteer In- fantry-The Cumberland River Disaster ... CHAPTER XIX.
93-97
Drafting-"Emergency Men "-Company
K. Ist N. J .- Company I 33d N. J .... 97-100
CHAPTER XX.
The 39th N. J. Volunteers-Roll of Com-
pany K-List of Patriot Dead .. 100-102
CHAPTER XXI.
A Sketch of the Geology and Physical Geography of Morris County ..... 102-108
CHAPTER IV. Morris County Troops in the Continental Army .
CHAPTER VI.
Passaic. 260-264
39-48
Roekaway 331-363
VILLAGES.
PAGE
PAGE
255 Ford, Rev. John
221
Succasunna. 365
Governors-Slavery
a4
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
Gaines, Nathaniel
252
Vail, Alfred. 160
Garrison, Samuel L. 186 Vail, George ... 175
Green, Rev. Jacob. 2:24 Vanatta, Jacob. 172 Evans, Mrs. J. D., Residence, Chester 202 Hager, John S 377 Ward, L. B .. 178 Hager, Lawrence. Fairchild, Mrs. R. V. W., Residence, Hanover .. 163 Frontispiece. 1
376 Welsh Family .. 375
Halsey, Samuel B
361
Haneoek, Rev. John
210 Winds, William 24, 299
Hann Family.
374
Hareour, Rev. Samuel
213
Young, David. 219
Hopper, Peter, Residence, Pompton Plains. 282
Howland, Mrs. William H., Residence, Montville 163 Hurd, Edward C., Residonce, Dover 292
Hinehman, Joseph
Hoff Family.
361 Baker, Henry, Rockaway 360
Horton, Rev. Azariah
205
Baker, William H., " 362 King, V. B., Residence, Morristown 173
Hull, Aurelius B.
170 Bruen, James H., 312 Lanning, G. M., Residence, Afton . 200 Leddell, S. W., Residence, Mendham. 279
Jackson, Joseph.
360
Butterworth, J. H., Dover. 326 Macwithey, A. A., Residence., Pompton 282
Cobb, Andrew B., Hanover. 219 Map of Morris County. 6
Kanouse Family.
269
Cooper, Nathan A., Chester
211
Kearney, Michael ..
218
Cooper, Mary H.,
212
King, Andrew 43,298
Dickerson, Mahlon, Randolph.
321
Moller, Daniel, Opera House, Dover .. 312
King, William L.
171
Drake, Nelson H., Mt. Olive. 375 Oram, Robert F., Residence, near Dover. 328
Kitchel, Aaron
219
Fairchild, E. M., Hanover. 229
Post, John F., Residence, Pompton. 279
Kitchel, Abraham.
20 Fairehild, R. V. W.,
Richards, George, Residenee, Dover. 327
Lefevre, William B.
237 Fairchild, Stephen,
228
Richards, Samuel E., Residence, Afton 200
Lefevre, William Jeff.
992
Garrison, S. L., Boonton
186
279 Romondt, C. D. V., Residence, Pompton
Littell Family ..
261
Hager, John S., German Valley
377
Rubber Comb and Jewelry Works. 396
Marsh, Ephraim.
380 Hager, Lawrence, " Hinchman, G. M., Dover
376 328
Sharp, J. M., Hotel, Budd's Lake
255
Megie Family
388
Hull, Aurelius B., Morristown 170
Simpson, James H., Residence, Dover, 318
Moylan, Stephen.
51
Johoson, William C., Chathamn
199
Stickle, B. K. & G.W., Lumber Yard, Rockaway 358 Theband, Edward, Residence, Madison 200
Ogden, Abraham
Lindsley, Oscar, Passaic
199
Thebaud, E. V.,
Todd, Edward,
208
Oram, Robert F.
328
Stoddard, E. W., Succasunna.
Randolph, T. F.
168
Ward, L. B., Morristown 176
175
Richards, Rev. James 135 Vanatta, Jacob,
172
Sanders Family
243 283
Schenek, Rev. J. V. N.
Segur, Thomas B. 326
Spencer, Oliver. 31
Stickle, Hubbard S
362 24 370
Baker, William H., Homestead, Rockaway ..... 363 Bartley, William & Son, Machine Shop, Bart-
Stotesbury, John ...
52 leyville ... 255
Stoutenburg Family. 382 Beach, Columbus, Residence, Dover. 316
Thompson, David 26 Brown, John P., Hotel, Newfoundland 240 The Village of Butler. 396
Tuthill, Samuel. 24
Chovey, Charles L., Residence, Madison 204
Tuttle, Rev. Joseph F. 344
Cole, J. P., Residence, Montville 251
Tuttle, Rev. Samuel L 208
Cooper, N. A., dec .- late Residence, Chester. .. 213 | INDEX TO NAMES. 398-407
200
Ogden, Samuel ...
24
Marsh, Ephraim, Schooley's Mountain
380 370
Richards, George 327
Vanatta, Jacob, dec., late Residence, Morris- town. 173 Washington's Headquarters, Morristown ... 160 Webb, James A., Residence, Madison 202 Welsh, John C., Residence, German Valley. 375 Zabriskie, A. J. B., Residence, Montville ...... 251
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
APPENDIX.
Stiles, Jonathan Stoddard, Rev. E. W
375 24
King, William L., Morristown
171
Scenery in Morris County (frontispiece). 1
McDowell, Rev. William A
136
PORTRAITS.
Hurd, Lewis C., Residence, Hurdtown
230 199
Jackson, John Darby
361 Budd, Daniel, Chester 215
Johnes, Rev. Timothy.
131, 133
43
Hinehman Family
324
Hinchman, Gny M.
58, 325 324
Wick, Henry. 35 Woodhull, Rev. William 213 George, Richard, Residence, Dover. 314 Green, William S., Residenee, Denville 312 Guerin, B. C., Hotel, Morristown 147 Hance, John, Residence, Randolph 312
Hasenelever, Peter
PAGE
PAGE
Crowell, D. A., Belmont Hall, Schooley's Mt ... 283 Elliott, Alex., Residence, Dover 316
Johnson, William C., Residence, Chatham.
Marsh, William W., Residence, Schooley's Mt .. 380 McFarlan, H., Residence. Dover. 292
227
Neighbour Family
Vail, George, Morristown
Financial History-Reformatory Institutions. 389 Abstract of the Proprietors' Title. 393 The 11th New Jersey Volunteers .. 395
PREFACE.
To one whose own neighborhood has been the theater of events prominent in the nation's annals, the history of those events is the most interesting of all history. To the intrinsic fascination of stirring incidents is added the charm of their having occurred on familiar ground. The river is more than a volume of water irrigating its banks and turning mill-wheels-more than a blue ribbon woven into the green vesture of the earth-to one who knows how it has affected the course of events along its valley for a century or more, determining the location first of the Indian camp and then of the white man's vil- lage; the line, first of the red warrior's trail and finally of the railway and the canal; now the route of an army's march and anon that of a nation's domestic conimerce. The road that has been traveled unthinkingly for years is invested with a new interest if found to have followed an Indian trail. The field where one has harvested but grain or fruit for many a season brings forth a crop of as- sociations and ideas when it is understood that it was the camping ground of the patriots whose labors and endur- ance founded the nation. The people will look with heightened and more intelligent interest upon ancient buildings in their midst-already venerated by them, they hardly know why-when they read the authentic record of events with which these monuments of the past are as- sociated. The annals of a region so famous as that of which these pages treat give it a new and powerful element of interest for its inhabitants, and strengthen that miniature but admirable patriotism which consists in the love of one's own locality.
It has heretofore been possible for the scholar, with lei- sure and a comprehensive library, to trace out the writ- ten history of his county by patient research among vol- uminous government documents and many volumes, sometimes old and scarce; but these sources of informa- tion and the time to study them are not at the command
of most of those who are intelligently interested in local history, and there are many unpublished facts to be res- cued from the failing memories of the oldest residents, who would soon have carried their information with them to the grave; and others to be obtained from the citizens best informed in regard to the various inter- ests and institutions of the county, which should be treated of in giving its history.
This service of research and compilation, which very few could have undertaken for themselves, the pub- lishers of this work have caused to be performed; enlisting in the effort gentlemen whose standing in the community, whose familiarity with local events, and whose personal interest in having their several localities fitly represented, afford the amplest guaranty for the trustworthiness of their work. The names of these gentlemen appear in connection with the sec- tions of the history contributed by them. They have therein acknowledged the aid derived from the au thorities most serviceable to them. In addition to such acknowledgments the author of the history of Chester would mention the loan of books to him by Hon. Samuel H. Hunt, and of a historical discourse by Rev. Frank A. Johnson, from which he derived his account of the Congregational church of Chester. It should perhaps be said that the authors of the city and township histories in most cases did not write the biographical sketches attached to those his- tories.
While a few unimportant mistakes may perhaps be found in such a multitude of details, in spite of the care exercised in the production of the work, the publishers confidently present this result of many months' labor as a true and orderly narrative of all the events in the his- tory of the county which were of sufficient interest to merit such record.
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COUNTY
OUTLINE MAP OF
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PASSAIC:
Brook-
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---
WARREN
Dover
OUTLINE HISTORY
OF THE
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
CHAPTER I.
-
THE INDIANS OF NEW JERSEY-DISCOVERY AND SETTLE- MENT OF THE STATE.
T the time of its discovery by the whites the region which includes New Jersey was inhab- ited by the Delaware Indians, or, as they termed themselves, the Lenni Lenapes-a name which has had various interpretations, among which are those of " original people " and " unmixed people." They were a portion of the people who were known by the generic name of Wapanachki, which according to Heckewelder means " people at the rising of the sun," or eastlanders.
their traditions related that they came from the western terms. As in the Indian wars of later times, however,
Notwithstanding the eastern name which they bore part of the American continent, where they had resided during many centuries and whence they came eastward with the Mengwe or Iroquois, whom they encountered on their journey. Their traditions further related that the Lenape and Mengwe people dwelt peacefully together during several centuries, but that they separated and the Lenapes came to occupy the region bordering on the great salt water lake and watered by four great rivers, the Delaware, Hudson, Susquehanna and Potomac.
The government of the Lenape Indians was somewhat similar to that of the Iroquois, and like them the Lenapes were divided into totemic tribes. In the case of the latter these were called the Unami, the Unalachta and the Minsi, or the Turtle, the Turkey and the Wolf. In the case of the Iroquois there were eight of these divis- ions, each with its totemic designation. The relation of these tribal divisions to each other was such as to give great cohesive strength to the nation. Although these Indians were untamed savages, who had not the advan- tages of the recorded experience of past ages, yet with
the Iroquois and to a less extent with the Lenapes a civil system existed which could not fail to challenge the ad- miration of the students of both ancient and modern sys- tems of government. It may truly be said of these people that, with all their savagery, so long as they were uncontaminated by the vices of civilization they were in their domestic and social relations far better than many who have sought to impose their civilization on them.
At a period which is not definitely fixed the Lenapes were subjugated by their powerful and warlike neighbors the Iroquois, and, although they had previous to this subjugation been a warlike people, they were degraded from their position as warriors; or, in the language of their savage conquerors, "made women." Through the instrumentality of Sir William Johnson they were in 1756 rehabilitated, or "made men again."
The Indians of New Jersey on several occasions be- came hostile to the whites, either on their own account or as the allies of tribes with whom they were on friendly the causes of these outbreaks could usually be traced to some act of injustice on the part of the whites. Such an outbreak occurred in 1643, during the administration of Governor Kieft, in which the Hackensacks and Tappans made common cause with their neighbors in revenging some injuries that had been inflicted on them by the Dutch in the autumn of the same year. A still more serious war broke out, in which the New Jersey Indians again made common cause with those of Long Island and the Hudson River. In this instance peace was not finally concluded till the summer of 1645.
It is said that the shores of North America were first visited by the Northmen, in the year 986, and that several voyages were made by them to this country during the twenty-five years immediately following. These alleged discoveries led to no practical results. The first effectual and important discoveries on this continent were made by Christopher Columbus, in 1492 and the few succeeding years. It is not necessary to speak in detail of the many voyagers who came to this country after its discovery by
8
OUTLINE HISTORY OF NEW JERSEY.
Columbus but who failed to discover this portion of the continent. It is said that in 1624 John de Verrazano, a during some years the country remained without Euro- Florentine navigator, sailed to America and proceeded pean inhabitants. along the coast from Florida to the fiftieth degree of north latitude, and that he entered the harbor of New York. If so, no practical result followed his discovery, and during almost a century the region was not again visited by Europeans.
In 1609 Henry Hudson, an Englishman in the service of the Dutch East India Company, while seeking for a northwest passage to Asia, entered the Delaware Bay, in which he sailed but a short distance on account of the shoal water. Sailing thence northward along the eastern shore of New Jersey he anchored his ship (the "Half- Moon ") within Sandy Hook September 3d of that year. On the 5th he sent a boat's crew ashore within Sandy Hook, and they penetrated some distance into the region now included in Monmouth county. The next day a crew of five was sent to make explorations and soundings in the Narrows. It is stated by the writer of the ship's journal that they found " a large opening and a narrow river to the west," which was probably the Kill von Kull, the channel between Bergen Point and Staten Island. On the return of the crew they were attacked by the na- tives in two canoes, and one man, named John Coleman, was killed. His body was interred the next day on what was called from that circumstance Coleman's Point- probably Sandy Hook. Hudson sailed up the river which bears his name, as far as Albany, whence he returned, and on the 4th of October sailed for Europe.
In 1614 a fort and trading house were erected on the southwestern point of Manhattan Island, which was named New Amsterdam, and the Dutch colony here was called New Netherlands.
It is not positively known when the first European set- tlement was made within the limits of New Jersey. It is believed that a number of Danes or Norwegians who came to New Netherlands with the Dutch colonists com- menced a settlement at Bergen about the year 1618. In 1614 a redoubt was constructed on the west shore of the Hudson River, probably at Jersey City Point.
The first attempt to establish a settlement on the east- ern shore of the Delaware River was made in 1623, by Captain Cornelius Jacobsen Mey, in the service of the "Privileged West India Company." He sailed up Dela- ware Bay and River, and built a fort (Fort Nassau) at Techaacho, on a stream which empties into the Delaware a few miles below Camden.
The West India Company, to encourage settlement here, granted the right of pre-emption to large tracts of land, and the grantees accordingly purchased the lands from the Indians. In 1630 they formed an association and sent a vessel, under the command of David Peiter- son de Vries, with settlers. They arrived early in 1631, to find that Fort Nassau was possessed by the Indians and none of the settlers were there. De Vries erected a fort and left a colony, which was soon afterward mas- sacred by the Indians. He returned shortly afterward twenty shot." At this time an extensive grant of terri- with a new company, and narrowly escaped a similar
fate. The Dutch soon abandoned the Delaware, and
In 1637 the Swedes settled on the Delaware. Two ships with settlers came during that year, followed after- ward by others, and in 1642 John Printz was sent over as governor of the colony. He established himself on the island of Tennekeng, or Tennicum, where he erected a fort, church, etc. Soon afterward the Dutch re-estab- lished a settlement at Fort Nassau and made settlements elsewhere on the river, and for a time the country was occupied by the two nations in common. Differences arose, however, which led to general hostilities, and the Swedes were in 1655 dispossessed by the Dutch. This was the termination of the Swedish authority here.
From this time till 1664 the country on the Delaware was wholly under Dutch control, and was governed by directors appointed by the governor of the colony at New Amsterdam. These directors were, in the order of their succession, Johannes Paul Jaquet, Peter Alricks, Hinojossa and William Beekman. " These officers granted lands, and their patents make part of the titles of the present possessors. At this period the Dutch ac- quired large tracts of country upon the eastern side of New Jersey, and it may be reasonably supposed that there was some settlement on the road between the colonies on the Hudson and Delaware."
The English laid claim to this territory on the ground of prior discovery by Cabot, and on the additional ground that Henry Hudson, though in the service of the Dutch when he discovered the region, was born an Eng- lishman; and it does not appear that they ever abandoned the claim.
Their attempts to form settlements on the Delaware were resisted by the Dutch and Swedes, and even vio- lence was resorted to, which gave rise to controversies between the New England and Dutch governments.
CHAPTER II.
NEW JERSEY UNDER THE DUTCH AND ENGLISH GOVERN- ORS-SLAVERY.
N 1664 Charles II. of England sent a force under Sir Robert Carr and Colonel, Richard Nicoll to dispossess the Dutch of their terri- tory in the New World. Governor Stuyve- sant, of New Amsterdam, was by reason of his defenseless condition compelled to surrender without resistance, and the conquest of the colony on the Delaware was accomplished by Sir Robert Carr "with the expenditure of two barrels of powder and tory was made by King Charles to his brother, the Duke
9
NEW JERSEY UNDER THE COLONIAL GOVERNORS.
of York, and he on the 23d of June 1664 conveyed to Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret the territory now comprising New Jersey, by the following instrument, which first definitely described its boundaries:
" This Indenture, made the three-and-twentieth day of June in the sixteenth year of the reign of our Sover- eign Lord Charles the Second by the grace of God of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, King Defender of the Faith-Anno Dominie 1664-between his Royal Highness James Duke of York and Albany, Earl of Ulster, Lord High Admiral of England and Ireland, Constable of Dover Castle, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and Governor of Portsmouth, of the one part, John Lord Berkeley, Baron of Stratton and one of his Majes- tie's most honorable privy council, and. Sir George Car- teret, of Stratturm, in the county of Devon, Knight and one of his Majestie's most honorable privy council, of the other part,, Witnesseth that the said James Duke of York, for and in consideration of the sum of ten shillings of lawful money of England, to him in hand paid, by these presents doth bargain and sell unto the said John Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret all that tract of land adjacent to New England and lying and being to the westward of Long Island, bounded on the east part by the main sea and part by Hudson River and hath upon the west Delaware Bay or River, and extendeth southward to the main ocean as far as Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, and to the northward as far as the northernmost branch of said bay or river of the Dela- ware, which is in forty-one degrees and forty minutes of latitude; and worketh over thence in a straight line to Hudson River -- which said tract of land is hereafter to be called by the name or names of Nova Caesarea or New. Jersey."
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